Controlled-Release
Kinetics
P ROJ EC T T EAM 5 : V I P UL B H AT, R A N VI R B H AT I A , K AT I E C AVA NAUGH, A L B ERT C H E N,
E DWA RD G E L E RNT, M I C HA EL H I L L - OLI VA , R E MY K A S SEM, JA I PAT E L , R U CHI T PAT EL ,
N H A - U YE N P H A M, JA C K X I O NG , E I TA N Z L AT I N
T EAM L EA D ER : D R . C I N COT TA
A S S I STA NT: S U MA G O N DI
Zero Order Kinetics
Diffusion and Fick’s Law
𝜕𝜑
𝐽 = −𝐷
𝜕𝑥
Hypothesis
Molecular size inversely proportional with diffusion coefficient
Rate inversely proportional to molar mass
Size has greater effect than polarity in diffusion
𝑣1
=
𝑣2
𝑚2
𝑚1
Hansen Solubility Parameters
Quantitative model for “like dissolves like”
(𝑅𝑎)2 = 4(𝛿𝑑2 − 𝛿𝑑1 )2 + (𝛿𝑝2 − 𝛿𝑝1 )2 + (𝛿ℎ2 − 𝛿ℎ1 )2
Membranes
Polyethylene vinyl acetate
Calendar used to make films
Alkanes
Ketones
Alcohols
Pentane (72.15 g/mol)
2-Butanone (72.11 g/mol)
1-Butanol (74.12 g/mol)
n-Hexane (86.18 g/mol) 2-Pentanone (86.13 g/mol)
1-Pentanol (88.15 g/mol)
Heptane (100.21 g/mol) 2-Hexanone (100.16 g/mol) 1-Hexanol (102.18 g/mol)
n-Octane (114.23 g/mol) 2-Heptanone (114.18 g/mol) 1-Heptanol (116.2 g/mol)
Solutes
• All organic compounds
• Varying polarity and size
Experimental Design and Data Collection
Data Analysis
1
𝐷 = −𝐽 ×
𝜕𝜑
𝜕𝑥
Flux (mol/m2hr)
Thickness (m)
Gas concentration
(mol/L)
log10 𝑝 = 𝐴 −
𝐵
𝐶+𝑇
MASS OF OCTANE SAMPLE OVER TIME
Octane 1
Octane 2
149.5
MASS (G)
149
148.5
148
147.5
147
146.5
TIME (H)
THE EFFECT OF MASS ON DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT
Alkanes
Ketones
Alcohols
Linear (Alkanes)
Linear (Ketones)
Linear (Alcohols)
DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
MOLAR MASS (G)
105
110
115
120
THE EFFECT OF POLARITY ON DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT
Alkanes
160
Ketones
Alcohols
DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
72-75G/MOL
86-89G/MOL
100-103G/MOL
COMPOUND GROUPING BY MOLAR MASS (G/MOL)
114-117G/MOL
Discussion and Analysis
Consistent pseudo-zero-order diffusion achieved
Positive correlation between size and diffusion coefficient
Positive correlation between polarity and diffusion coefficient
Alkanes
Ra
Ketones
Ra
Alcohols
Ra
Pentane
10.1
2-Butanone
5.6
1-Butanol
9.5
n-Hexane
9.7
2-Pentanone
4.7
1-Pentanol
7.8
Heptane
9.3
2-Hexanone
5.3
1-Hexanol
6.6
n-Octane
9.1
2-Heptanone
3.9
1-Heptanol
5.7
DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT AS RA VALUE INCREASES
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
160
25
140
20
120
100
15
80
10
60
40
5
20
0
0
0
2
4
6
ALCOHOL RA VALUES
8
10
ALKANE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT
ALCOHOL DIFFUSION COEFFICIENT
ALKANE RA VALUES
Alcohols
Alkanes
Linear (Alkanes)
Linear (Alkanes)
Future Studies
Improving data collection and film making methods
Studying different membrane makeups
Running more trials on pure organic liquids
Testing diffusion of larger and smaller organic compounds
Conclusion
Observations do not support hypothesis
◦ Polarity has greater influence on diffusion than molecular size
Results explained by membrane compatibility
Acknowledgements
Team 5 would like to thank…
◦ Dr. David Cincotta, team leader
◦ Suma Gondi, assistant
◦ Dr. Adam Cassano & Dr. Steve Surace, codirectors
◦ New Jersey Governor’s School
◦ Drew University
◦ Past Team 5s
for assisting us with our research and
providing us with an amazing
experience.
Team 5 would also like to thank…
◦
◦
◦
◦
The Overdeck Family Foundation
AT&T
Bayer Healthcare
Independent College Fund of New
Jersey/Johnson & Johnson
◦ NJGSS Alumnae, Parents, and Corporate
Matching Funds
◦ The State of New Jersey
◦ Board of Overseers, New Jersey Governor’s
School
for their generosity.
Thank you for listening!