Chapter 14
Properties of Matter
Name ___________________________________________
Vocabulary
Atom
Mixture
Physical change
Combustibility
Molecule
Reactivity
Density
Nucleus
Solution
Element
Periodic table
Volume
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What is the structure of matter?
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What are physical properties and changes?
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What are chemical properties and changes?
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3
Name ________________________________________
Date _____________________________
Science
Chapter 14 Vocabulary
Use your Science glossary and the pages in the chapter to complete the crossword.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Across
2. the amount of
space an object
takes up
5. a change in
which the form
of a substance
changes but the
substance still
has the same
chemical makeup
9. the ability of a
substance to go
through a
chemical change
10. a combination of
two or more
different
substances
11. a dense area in
the center of an
atom that
contains protons
and neutrons
12. matter made up
of only one kind
of atom
Down
1. two or more
atoms joined
together
3. a chart that
scientists use to
organize the
elements
4. the measure of
how closely
packed an
object's atoms
are
4
6. a measure of
how easily a
substance will
burn
7. a mixture in
which all the
parts are mixed
evenly
8. the smallest
particle that still
behaves like the
original matter it
came from
Name
Date
Lesson 1 . . What Is the Structure of Matter"?
1.
Suppose you buy a pair of shoes. They come in a box. You take the shoes
out of the box to wear them. How do the mass and the volume of the shoe
box compare before and after you take the shoes out?
2.
lIIJ4fIAUl!I
Match the clue on the left to the term on the right.
Matter made of only one kind of atom
A. Atom
A tiny particle that makes up matter
B. Nucleus
A chart in which the elements are organized
C. Element
The part of the atom that contains protons,
neutrons, and electrons
D. Periodic table
Read the selection. Underline the main idea. list at least three details
about the main idea.
Scientists use a chart called the periodic table to organize the elements.
In the periodic table, the elements are arranged in order by the number of
protons in the nucleus. An element's atomic number describes the number
of protons. For example, since a hydrogen atom has one proton, its atomic
number is 1. Oxygen's atomic number is 8 because it has eight protons.
There are 116 elements that have been identified. Each has a place in the
periodic tab-Ie.
5
Name
4.
Use this space to complete the graphic organizer shown in the Reading
Review of the Student Edition.
Smallest particle
of matter.
Matter
Behaves like
atoms
made of
1
f ~
( states
;/
matter ttcame
from.
0 0 0 ° 0 [__]
5.
~f
,
Imagine you made a gallon pitcher of lemonade for your family picnic
You poured the lemonade into 12 paper cups until there wasn't a drop left.
Is the volume of the lemonade in the pitcher and the lemonade in the 12
paper cups put together the same or different? Explain your reasoning.
6
Name
_
Date
_
Know Your Elements
Fill in the following chart for fifteen of the elements listed. The information may be found in
Fill in the following chart for the elements listed. The information may be found in
the Periodic Table of the Elements.
the Periodic Table of the Elements.
Solid, Gas
Number of
Atomic
Or Liquid
Protons
Symbol
Number
Name
1. Carbon
2. Iron
3. Hydrogen
4. Potassium
5. Oxygen
6. Gold
7. Silver
8. Helium
9. Iodine
10. Tungsten
11. Magnesium
12. Nitrogen
13. Lead
14. Uranium
15. Sodium
16. Tin
17. Chlorine
18. Neon
19. Manganese
20. Seaborgium
21. Plutonium
22. Calcium
23. Sulfur
24. Radon
25. Phosphorus
© Mark Twain Media, l'ne., Publishers
4
7
Name ________________________________________________ Date _____________
Chapter 14, Lesson 2 Review
Science
1. Define physical change and give an example of one.
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2. Complete the graphic organizer below.
Melting –
Solid to ________
Boiling –
Liquid to ________
__________ –
Liquid to solid
Physical
Changes
Sublime –
Solid to ________
Condensing –
Gas to ________
Deposit –
Gas to ________
3. If you find that two pure substances have the same density, are they the same substance?
Explain.
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4. Define mixture and give an example of one.
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5. Give an example of a solution and tell how it is different from the mixture example you gave
above.
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8
Name ________________________________________________ Date ___________________
Video: Changes in the Properties of Matter
Science
As you watch the video, complete the questions below.
1. Ice melting is an example of a ___________________________ change.
2.
___________________________ does not always stay the same, and can undergo
physical and/ or chemical changes.
3.
___________________________ can play a large role in the physical change of
matter.
4.
In a chemical change, a ___________________________ substance if formed.
5.
___________________________ describes the ability of a substance to burn.
Write True on the line if the statement is true. Write False on the line if the statement
is false.
6.
__________ Heat is a clue that chemical change is occurring.
7.
__________ Rust is a substance produced by iron reacting with water.
8.
__________ Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction in green plants that produces
energy and oxygen.
9.
__________ All chemical changes occur at the same speeds.
10. __________ Every time you move, a chemical reaction occurs.
On the back of this sheet, sketch an interesting detail that you noticed from the video. Write a
brief explanation of your drawing.
9
Name
Date
lesson 3 • What Are Chemical Properties
and Changes?
1.
Suppose you have two pieces of wood. You carve one of them to make
a wooden figurine. You throw the other piece of wood in the fireplace to
burn for warmth. Both pieces of wood undergo a change. Infer what kind of
changes each piece of wood underwent. Explain your reasoning.
2.~
Write a complete sentence that uses the word combustibility correctly.
Write a complete sentence that uses the word reactivity correctly.
3.
Read the selection. Describe the cause and effect of corrosion.
Corrosion is a type of chemical change that occurs when iron combines
with oxygen in the air. This usually happens in the presence of water. Rust
slowly forms on the metal. This rust is a new substance; a combination
of iron and oxygen. This is a chemical change in metal. An iron fence in a
backyard corrodes throughout the years.
'5
§
'"
J:
@
10
Name
4.
Use this space to complete the graphic organizer shown in the Reading
Review of the Student Edition.
Possible evidence of
chemical change:
1.
Kinds of chemical change:
Effect of chemical change:
combustion
2.
3.
,
5.
Imagine you need to melt butter to make sugar cookies. While you melt
the butter, your doorbell rings. The butter burns as you answer the door.
Explain why burning the butter is a chemical change, but melting it is not.
11
Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ____________________
Chapter 14 Review
Multiple Choice
Write the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Choose the best answer.
____
1. A chart that organizes elements by atomic number
a. periodic table
d. molecule
b. element
e. mixture
c. density
____
2. A combination of two or more substances that are evenly mixed
a. solution
d. molecule
b. element
e. mixture
c. density
____
3. Which process would change the mass of an iron bolt?
a. bending
c. melting
b. freezing
d. rusting
____
4. The smallest particle of matter that still acts like that kind of matter
a. atom
d. molecule
b. element
e. mixture
c. density
____
5. The center of the atom, where protons and neutrons are
a. nucleus
d. molecule
b. element
e. mixture
c. density
____
6. Cara is investigating a substance. When she first picks it up, it keeps its shape. But
after it warms up in her hand, it flows between her fingers and drips onto the table.
After she puts an ice cube on the drips, she can pick them up again. Which choice
best describes these changes?
a.
b.
c.
d.
A solution separates, then recombines.
A mixture goes through a chemical change.
A solid melts into a liquid and freezes back into a solid.
A liquid freezes into a solid and melts back into a liquid.
1
12
____
7. A combination of two or more different substances
a. atom
d. molecule
b. element
e. mixture
c. density
____
8. A measure of how much mass is in a volume of matter
a. atom
d. molecule
b. element
e. mixture
c. density
____
9. Matter made up of only one type of atom
a. atom
d. molecule
b. element
e. mixture
c. density
____ 10. Which is not an example of matter?
a. air
c.
b. heat
d.
soil
water
____ 11. A copper penny has a mass of about 4 grams. A copper kettle has a mass of about
400 grams. What is true about the density of these two objects?
a.
b.
c.
d.
The kettle is 100 times denser than the penny.
The penny is denser because its mass is in a smaller volume.
Their densities are different because they are different shapes.
Their densities are the same because they are made of the same
substance.
____ 12. A pan of water boils until all of it evaporates into the air. What property of the water
is the same after this change?
a. mass
b. state
c.
d.
2
13
temperature
volume
____ 13. The diagram shows a piece of the periodic table. Use information in the table to
decide which statement is true.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Sulfur has 16 protons.
Se is the symbol for silicon.
The symbol for argon is Arg.
Helium has the most protons.
____ 14. A tiny particle made up of two or more atoms joined together
a. atom
d. molecule
b. element
e. mixture
c. density
____ 15. Which is a physical change?
a. combustion
b. corrosion
c.
d.
recycling
reactivity
____ 16. Which item is an example of a solution?
a. vegetable soup
c. raisin bread
b. drink mix and water
d. tossed salad
3
14
Read and explain.
17. The picture shows models of three different molecules. Which model shows a
molecule of an element? Explain.
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18. The diagram shows a solution made by dissolving Substance A in Substance B.
What do you observe about the particles of the substances?
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15
Read and Explain
The pictures show chunks of cheese going through changes. Observe the pictures,
and then answer the questions.
19. Part A
Identify each change as a physical change or a chemical change. Explain your
answer.
Slicing - ____________________________________________________
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Melting - ____________________________________________________
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Shredding - _________________________________________________
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Part B
A) Compare the mass and volume of the cheese before and after it is sliced.
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B) What term do scientists use to describe what happens to the mass and volume
of the cheese?
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16
ID: A
Chapter 14 Review
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
ANS:
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A
A
D
A
A
C
E
C
B
B
D
A
A
D
C
B
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5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
ESSAY
17. ANS:
Sample Response: The ozone molecule is an element. An element is made up of
just one kind of atom. The carbon dioxide molecule has two kinds of atoms: carbon
and oxygen. The water molecule has one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms.
PTS: 1
18. ANS:
OBJ: 5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
Sample Response: The particles of the two substances are evenly mixed.
PTS: 1
19. ANS:
OBJ: 5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
Part A - Sample Response: All three changes are physical changes. In a physical
change, the substance does not change. Slicing and shredding cheese changes its
shape, but it is still cheese. Melting it makes it a liquid, but it is still cheese.
Part B - Sample Response: The mass and volume of the cheese are the same after
it is sliced, compared to before. Scientists say that the mass and volume of the
cheese have been conserved.
PTS: 1
OBJ: 5.PS.1—Properties of Matter
1
17
Name ________________________________________
Date _____________________________
Science
Chapter 14 Vocabulary
Use your Science glossary and the pages in the chapter to complete the crossword.
1
M
O
2
V O L U M E
3
5
P H Y S
P
E
E
C
R
U
I
4
D
E
6
C A L _ C H A N G E
O
E
D
A
M
I
S
B
T
C
O
U
Y
_
L
S
T
U
T
9
R E A C T
T
B
O
10
M I
S
7
I
8
O
I
V
I
I
B
L
O
I
X T U R E
11
T Y
N U C L E U S
I
12
E L E M E N T
Y
Across
2. the amount of
space an object
takes up
5. a change in
which the form
of a substance
changes but the
substance still
has the same
chemical makeup
9. the ability of a
substance to go
through a
chemical change
10. a combination of
two or more
different
substances
11. a dense area in
the center of an
atom that
contains protons
and neutrons
12. matter made up
of only one kind
of atom
Down
1. two or more
atoms joined
together
3. a chart that
scientists use to
organize the
elements
4. the measure of
how closely
packed an
object's atoms
are
18
6. a measure of
how easily a
substance will
burn
7. a mixture in
which all the
parts are mixed
evenly
8. the smallest
particle that still
behaves like the
original matter it
came from