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AQA Level 1/2 Certificate
Foundation Tier
June 2013
Mark
1
2
3
Science: Double Award
8404/B/1F
F
Biology Paper 1F
Tuesday 14 May 2013
4
9.00 am to 10.00 am
For this paper you must have:
*
a ruler.
You may use a calculator.
5
6
7
TOTAL
Time allowed
*
1 hour
Instructions
*
Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
*
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.
*
Answer all questions.
*
You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write
outside the box around each page or on blank pages.
*
Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not
want to be marked.
Information
*
The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
*
The maximum mark for this paper is 60.
*
You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate.
*
You are reminded of the need for good English and clear
presentation in your answers.
Advice
*
In all calculations, show clearly how you work out your answer.
(JUN138404/B/1F01)
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2
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
1
The diagram shows some parts of the human digestive system.
A ...........................................
Liver
Stomach
Gall bladder
B ...........................................
1 (a)
Use words from the box to label parts A and B on the diagram.
duodenum
large intestine
oesophagus
trachea
(2 marks)
1 (b)
The stomach contains more than one type of tissue.
Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.
epithelial
Tissues producing enzymes are called
glandular
tissues.
muscular
(1 mark)
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1 (c)
Amylase is an enzyme produced by three different parts of the digestive system.
Amylase breaks down starch into sugars.
1 (c) (i)
Give three parts of the digestive system that produce amylase.
Tick (P) three boxes.
salivary glands
gall bladder
liver
pancreas
small intestine
large intestine
(3 marks)
1 (c) (ii) Sugar syrup is made when starch is digested using amylase.
A scientist investigates the effect of pH on a new amylase enzyme.
Give two factors that the scientist should control in the investigation.
1 .....................................................................................................................................
2 .....................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
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1 (c) (iii) The graph shows the scientist’s results.
40
35
30
25
Time taken
to digest
starch in 20
minutes
15
10
5
0
0
2
4
6
pH
8
10
12
On the graph, draw a line of best fit through all the points.
(1 mark)
1 (c) (iv) Suggest which pH the scientist should recommend to make sugar syrup.
Give a reason for your answer.
pH .....................................................
Reason ...........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
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1 (d)
Biological detergents contain protease and lipase.
Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete each sentence.
amino acids.
1 (d) (i)
Protease enzymes break down protein stains into
fatty acids.
sugars.
(1 mark)
amino acids
1 (d) (ii) Lipase enzymes break down fat stains into
fatty acids
sugars
cellulose.
and
glycerol.
glycogen.
(2 marks)
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2
Control systems in the body keep conditions inside the body constant.
2 (a)
Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete each sentence.
effectors.
2 (a) (i)
Cells detecting changes in the environment are called
receptors.
synapses.
(1 mark)
coordination centres.
2 (a) (ii) Muscles causing responses are called
effectors.
neurones.
(1 mark)
a coordination centre.
2 (a) (iii) The brain is
an effector.
a receptor.
(1 mark)
2 (b)
Complete the sentence.
The job of the coordination centre is to ....................................................... information.
(1 mark)
2 (c)
Hormones control blood sugar levels.
2 (c) (i)
Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.
brain.
The hormone insulin is made by the
pancreas.
salivary gland.
(1 mark)
2 (c) (ii) Complete the sentence.
Insulin is transported to the liver in the ......................................................................... .
(1 mark)
6
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3 (a)
Plants and animals are made of cells.
Draw a ring around two structures found in plant cells, but not in animal cells.
mitochondrion
chloroplast
ribosome
cell wall
(2 marks)
3 (b)
Write the following structures in order of size.
The first one has been done for you.
cell
smallest
chromosome
gene
nucleus
gene
......................................................
......................................................
!
largest
......................................................
(2 marks)
3 (c)
Use words from the box to complete the following sentences about cell division.
differentiation
meiosis
mitosis
Gametes are made in the reproductive organs when cells
divide by .................................................... .
An embryo is made when a fertilised egg divides by .................................................... .
(2 marks)
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3 (d)
Diagram 1 shows a spider plant reproducing by producing plantlets.
The plantlets are genetically identical to the parent plant.
Diagram 1
Plantlet
3 (d) (i)
This type of reproduction is called ............................................................ reproduction.
(1 mark)
3 (d) (ii) Some students removed three plantlets that were the same size and planted them.
They took the plantlets home, and returned them to school 3 weeks later.
Diagram 2 shows the three plants after 3 weeks.
Diagram 2
The three plants looked similar but were not the same size.
Suggest two factors that could have caused the different sizes of the plants.
1 .....................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
2 .....................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
9
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4
The hairline along the forehead may be straight or have a ‘widow’s peak’.
The hairline is controlled by one gene. The gene has two different forms.
Straight hairline
Hairline with widow’s peak
4 (a)
Different forms of the same gene are called ................................................................. .
(1 mark)
4 (b)
The form of the gene causing a widow’s peak is dominant (H).
Complete the table.
Forms of gene present
Type of hairline
HH
Widow’s peak
Hh
................................................
hh
................................................
(1 mark)
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4 (c) (i)
In a family, the mother has two similar forms of the gene, hh.
The father has two different forms of the gene, Hh.
Use letters from the box to complete the genetic diagram.
Each answer can be used once, more than once or not at all.
H
h
HH
Hh
hh
Eggs from mother
h
Sperm
from
father
................
h
Hh
................
h
................
................
(4 marks)
4 (c) (ii) What is the probability that a child from this family has a straight hairline?
Draw a ring around the correct answer.
1 in 2
1 in 3
1 in 4
(1 mark)
7
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5
Maize is used to produce many foods.
Scientists have produced a new variety of maize.
The new variety of maize contains a gene taken from bacteria.
5 (a)
The scientists used genetic engineering methods to produce the new variety of maize.
Describe how.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
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5 (b)
Genetically engineered maize plants are resistant to herbicides.
A farmer sprays herbicide on a field where he is growing resistant maize.
5 (b) (i)
Describe the effect of the herbicide.
........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)
5 (b) (ii) Spraying the herbicide on the resistant crop improves the yield.
Explain why.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
5 (b) (iii) Some people think that the herbicide resistance gene may be transferred to wild plants.
Many scientists are worried about this possibility.
Explain why.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
8
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6 (a)
Two groups of organisms can remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Name the two groups.
1 ....................................................................
2 ....................................................................
(2 marks)
6 (b)
Carbon in the carbohydrates in animals is transferred back into the atmosphere as
part of the carbon cycle.
Describe how.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
(4 marks)
6
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7
Pathogens cause infectious diseases.
7 (a)
White blood cells help to defend the body against pathogens.
Describe three ways.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
7 (b)
A virus causes a disease called mumps.
The graph shows the number of people with mumps reported each year in a city.
35
30
25
Number of
people
20
reported
with mumps
per 100 000 15
people
10
5
0
1980
(16)
1985
1990
1995
Year
2000
2005
2010
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7 (b) (i)
Describe the trend in the number of people reported with mumps between 1985 and
2005.
You must include data from the graph to obtain full marks.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
7 (b) (ii) The city has a population of 500 000.
Estimate the number of people with mumps reported in the city in 2006.
Show clearly how you work out your answer.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
Number of cases of mumps ¼ ................................................
(2 marks)
7 (b) (iii) The source of the outbreak of mumps in 2006 was a student. The student caught
mumps on holiday in a different country.
65 of the cases in the outbreak were students from the same boarding school as the
infected student.
Use the information above and your answer to part (b)(ii) to suggest an explanation
for the outbreak of mumps in 2006.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
10
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF COPYRIGHT-HOLDERS AND PUBLISHERS
Question 5
Photograph of maize ª Thinkstock
Copyright ª 2013 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved.
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