Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Port Coal Dust
Management Plan
Revised version
December 2013
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
3 Port Central Avenue
Port of Brisbane
QLD 4178
Phone: +61 7 3258 4888
Fax: +61 7 3258 4703
Email: [email protected]
www.portbris.com.au
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 3
2.0 BACKGROUND..................................................................................................................... 5
3.0 PURPOSE ........................................................................................................................... 6
4.0 PORT OF BRISBANE LAND USE OVERVIEW................................................................................. 6
5.0 COAL HANDLING TERMINAL .................................................................................................. 9
6.0 POTENTIAL FUGITIVE COAL DUST SOURCES............................................................................... 10
7.0 DUST CONTROL AND MITIGATION PROCEDURES......................................................................... 11
8.0 AIR QUALITY SUMMARY …………………………………………………………………….................................... 13
9.0 CURRENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM………………………………………………………………......... 14
10.0 HOLISTIC SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT ……………………………………………………………………............. 19
11.0 COMMUNICATION …………………………………………………………………………………………….................. 19
12.0 CONTACTS …………………………………………………………………………………………………..….................. 22
13.0 GLOSSARY OF TERMS …………………………………………………………………………………………................. 23
APPENDIX A: PORT OF BRISBANE AIR QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY .............................................. 25
DISCLAIMER ........................................................................................................................... .. 35
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The Port of Brisbane is located at the mouth of the Brisbane River and adjacent to the Moreton Bay
Marine Park. The closest residential area, Wynnum North, is located some 3.4kms (direct line of site)
from the Port (QBH Coal Terminal), and is separated by extensive buffer areas, including open space,
dense flora, mangrove and treed areas. Over 640 hectares, or approximately 35% of port land, is
designated green and buffer zones and the majority of these buffer zones are in the area between
Fisherman Islands and the Wynnum North community.
The Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd (PBPL)—the Port Manager— aims to limit the port’s impact on the
surrounding environment by ensuring environmental management is a key component of its
operational and commercial development strategy. PBPL undertakes a wide range of monitoring,
including air quality monitoring, and management programs to measure and track its environmental
performance and to ensure that potential environmental impacts are minimised.
The Port of Brisbane is a diverse multi cargo port, which handles import and export products
including containers, motor vehicles, general cargo and wet and dry bulk commodities. The total
direct value of all cargo handled through the Port of Brisbane each year is in excess of $50 billion
dollars, equivalent to approximately 20% of Queensland’s Gross State Product.
The following two tables show trade growth (FY 2013), as well as trade composition by tonnes.
Trade Growth FY2013
40.0
35.0
30.0
16%
14%
12%
10%
8%
20.0
15.0
Other Wet Bulk
Crude Oil
General Cargo
4%
Motor Vehicles
Container
2%
5.0
0%
0.0
-2%
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal
Refined Oil
6%
Tonnes Milli ons
10.0
Other Dry Bulk
Cement products
25.0
Trade Growth (rhs)
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Trade Composition FY2013 (by weight)
Mineral Ores
& Sands
Motor Other
Vehicles
Gypsum/Limestone
Crude Oil
Machinery
Fertiliser
Timber Gas
F.A.K.
Paper & Wood
Pulp
Building Products
Meat Products
Coal
Iron & Steel
Agricultural Seeds
Cement
Refined Oil
Handling bulk products has the potential to create dust issues, and as such mitigation measures are
put in place to minimise the emissions of dust from these activities. These include:

daily monitoring and maintenance of product moisture

enclosed storage and loading/unloading infrastructure

proactive management of products that can produce dust, such as covering and moisture
control through regular wetting down, when required or possible.
Long term air quality monitoring undertaken by PBPL, Department of Environment and Heritage
Protection (EHP) and Queensland Bulk Handling (QBH) terminal has shown there are negligible air
quality impacts from the handling and storage of bulk products, including coal exports, through the
Port of Brisbane.
A review of all air quality monitoring programs conducted by the Port of Brisbane since 1999 was
undertaken in 2013. PBPL also commenced real time air quality monitoring at several locations
around the port precinct in mid-2013 to ensure we understand and appropriately manage air quality
trends proactively as trade continues to grow.
This Coal Dust Management Plan outlines the ways in which PBPL undertakes monitoring and
management of coal dust at the Port of Brisbane; a long term commitment that will ensure effective
management in advance of trade growth.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
2.0 BACKGROUND
The Port of Brisbane currently handles approximately 8.5 million tonnes of thermal coal annually
through the QBH terminal. Although subject to fluctuation, coal export volumes are forecast to
increase to approximately 15 million tonnes by 2016.
Figure 1 illustrates historical and projected coal trade growth at the Port of Brisbane based on
current forecasts.
Figure 1: Historical and Projected Coal Growth
The coal exported through the Port of Brisbane is sourced from the Clarence Moreton and West
Moreton Surat Basins and is internationally recognised as low Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI)
coal – hard coal containing low levels of fines and therefore low levels of dust.
The coal is transported by train to the Port of Brisbane using the Western Moreton below-rail
Network owned by Queensland Rail, as well as an above-rail train haulage system operated by
Aurizon. The coal is unloaded at the Port of Brisbane’s unloading facility and transported by enclosed
conveyor to the QBH stockpile terminal.
Stakeholders with highly sensitive products located immediately adjacent to the coal stockpiles, such
as new motor vehicles, wood chip for the paper industry and grain, have not reported any coal dust
related issues.
Coal dust is managed under an Air Quality Management scheme by PBPL’s Environment Division,
which includes an ongoing commitment to coal dust management, as outlined in this plan.
PBPL has an excellent reputation in environmental management. The Port of Brisbane was the first
port in Australia or New Zealand to obtain ISO14001 accreditation of its Environmental Management
System in 2000 and has maintained this accreditation since.
PBPL has also developed a Corporate Environmental Social Responsibility (CESR) program to build on
its long term environmental work and to ensure best practice environmental management and
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
community engagement. A key component of this program is the identification and funding of
habitat regeneration projects in partnership with local environmental management groups.
3.0 PURPOSE
This Coal Dust Management Plan outlines the ways in which PBPL undertakes monitoring and
effective management of coal dust at the Port of Brisbane.
The Plan identifies potential coal dust migration sources and establishes mechanisms for handling all
commodities on the port to ensure they remain within guideline standards specified in the
Environmental Protection (Air) Policy 2008. The Plan also outlines mitigation and minimisation
measures to be enforced and provides details on corrective actions to be undertaken, if and
as required.
4.0 PORT OF BRISBANE LAND USE OVERVIEW
The Port of Brisbane is a diverse multi cargo port located at Fisherman Islands at the mouth of the
Brisbane River. It is a relatively new port built in a visionary and strategic location to accommodate
for future infrastructure and trade growth.
This Brisbane Port Land Use Plan (LUP) is the primary planning instrument for ‘Brisbane core port
land’. Under the Transport Infrastructure Act 1994 (‘TIA’), a plan that regulates development is
required for Brisbane core port land.
Brisbane core port land is not subject to the planning scheme for the City of Brisbane (Brisbane City
Plan 2000), at the time of commencement. This LUP was gazetted under the TIA on 1 December
2010, following approval by the Treasurer of Queensland.
It is a mandatory requirement for this LUP to outline existing land uses for land adjoining or
neighbouring Brisbane core port land and to take into account how that land is dealt with by the
planning scheme.
Figure 2 shows land use and planning for neighbouring land at the time of commencement of this
LUP. One of the key planning advantages of the Port of Brisbane is that nearly all core port
infrastructure areas within the port precinct, particularly at Fisherman Islands, are almost entirely
surrounded by water or by buffering internal to Brisbane core port land.
The majority of land neighbouring the port is within four area classifications: Heavy Industry Area,
General Industry Area, Future Industry Area and Conservation Area. These land use classifications
are consistent with the existing transport-oriented industrial character of the area, and the clear
intent is for the area to continue to be developed for industrial purposes.
Some residential communities are located in proximity to the port, in particular, the Pinkenba
community to the south west of Bulwer Island, and parts of the Wynnum community to the east of
Port West (i.e. separated from Port West by Port Drive). Historically, the relationship with these
communities has been maintained with various forms of consultation occurring at regular intervals,
primarily through a formalised Community Consultative Committee that meets quarterly and is
chaired by PBPL.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Between these communities and the industrial land uses (and the State’s dual gauge rail line system
on approach to Fisherman Islands) is the strip known as the ‘Lytton buffer corridor’ (Figure 2).
This corridor runs between the riparian environment of the Brisbane River and the bayside
catchment area of Moreton Bay and acts as both a fauna corridor and natural physical buffer
between residential and industrial land uses.
The Brisbane core port land within this corridor has been designated as ‘Conservation/Buffer’ under
this LUP. A key feature of strategic planning under this LUP is to try to minimise amenity concerns
between core port infrastructure and residential or other sensitive uses, primarily through
maintaining adequate buffering between these land uses. It is anticipated that Brisbane City
Council’s planning will continue to support this key strategic planning element, while also reinforcing
the port’s important contribution to the local, regional and state economies.
The Port of Brisbane comprises different precincts to ensure that incompatible land uses do not
occur. All proposed development at the port is assessed under the LUP and existing activities are
taken into account when planning for and developing future port expansion.
Figure 2 (below) illustrates the different precincts at the Port of Brisbane.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Figure 2: Port of Brisbane Precinct Plan
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
5.0 COAL HANDLING TERMINAL
Queensland Bulk
Handling
The coal handling terminal is managed by Queensland Bulk Handling (QBH) and is located within the
Bulk, General Purpose Precinct. The purpose of the precinct is to accommodate activities and
development that are directly related or ancillary to the operations of bulk and general cargo
terminals. The overall outcomes for this precinct sought under the port’s Land Use Plan are:

site layout and management ensures efficient utilisation of land and contributes to site
safety and security of people and facilities, including those on adjoining lands

site development density provides for sufficient vehicle queuing, parking, access,
manoeuvrings, loading and unloading areas

existing infrastructure is utilised

traffic generated by the development is accommodated within the capacity of the road
network system

construction and operation of development minimises adverse environmental impacts

activities and development incorporate sustainable features and practices

development utilises best practice techniques and operating procedures to minimise
adverse impacts of stormwater runoff and other potentially water or soil
contaminating substances.
QBH manage the inloading, storage and outloading of all coal products at the Port of Brisbane under
a lease to PBPL.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
QBH uses a Static Stockpile operating model, whereby approximately 17 hectares of land is used to
accumulate coal stockpiles from three colliers. The coal is transported from the train unloading
facility to the QBH Terminal using fully enclosed overhead conveyor belts. The coal is formed into
stockpiles using bulldozers with attention paid to minimising bulldozer movements and therefore
minimising the risk of coal agitation. Bulldozers are then used to reclaim the coal, moving it into subsurface hoppers and onto fully enclosed conveyor belts, which transport the coal through a ship
loader and onto a bulk carrier ready for export.
A network of over 20 fixed sprinklers is installed at the QBH site to ensure that stockpiles are
watered when an increased risk of dust is evident as a result of forecast high winds or other
adverse conditions.
QBH holds a bulk handling license with the Department of Environment and Heritage Protection
(EHP). The license requires QBH to manage its operations with minimal impacts on the environment.
6.0 POTENTIAL FUGITIVE COAL DUST SOURCES
The potential sources for fugitive coal dust emissions are:

Train unloader

Conveyor systems

Bulldozers
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)

Stackers

Ship loader

Stockpile & site traffic
7.0 DUST CONTROL AND MITIGATION PROCEDURES
Port Coal Dust Management Working Group
A Coal Dust Management Working Group was formed in December 2012 to effectively coordinate
the approach to coal dust management and monitoring. The Working Group will ensure a proactive
strategy is maintained by all parties so that coal dust can continue to be effectively managed
and monitored.
The Working Group comprises representatives from QBH, PBPL and DEHP.
Organisation
QBH
PBPL
EHP
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Representative
Tony Nielsen
Brad Abel
Alan Turner
Craig Wilson
Andrew Fielding
Position
Port Operations Manager
HSSET Coordinator
Senior Manager Operations
Environment Manager
Senior Environmental Officer
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Lease Management
PBPL leases land to QBH for a coal export terminal. The lease documentation includes a number of
environmental management requirements. QBH are required to comply with all conditions under
the relevant Environmental Legislation including the Environmental Protection Act 1994.
QBH Site Management
A number of operational management controls in place throughout the entire coal handling supply
chain managed by QBH. This suite of controls ensures that dust emissions from the facility are
minimised. These dust management controls include:

An automated door open alarm alerts for instances of open wagon doors and thereby
reduces the risk of depositing residual coal along rail tracks.

Fully covered in-load dump stations and enclosed conveyors are used to transport coal to
stockpiles and are routinely monitored and cleaned to minimise dust.

During coal receival, the moisture content of coal being unloaded is measured and
monitored throughout the unloading activity to ensure it remains above its dust extinction
moisture level (DEM). Coal received at QBH has been washed or has a moisture content of
approximately 14%. If recorded coal moisture content levels are lower than required,
unloading is halted and QBH contacts the relevant collier to advise them of the issue.
No further activity on that specific train takes place until suitable remedial measures
are enacted.

Coal unloading practices are videoed in order to record the levels of residual coal remaining
in empty wagons. This information is reported to Aurizon for agreed action. If required,
loading will cease until the operator can identify and stop the cause.

Wagon sills (top ‘lips’ of wagons) are monitored by CCTV for coal that has been caught on
the sills.

A high hopper alarm identifies possible coal overflows from in-load hoppers in order to avoid
coal being transferred into the adjacent ballast or build-up on the wagon wheels and axles.

Water sprays (fogging) at the rail receival hoppers control dust emissions generated from
the unloading process.

Over 20 sprinklers are installed on overhead gantries and stackers and wetting down of
stockpile surfaces is undertaken when an increased risk of dust is evident as a result of
forecast high winds or other adverse conditions.

Water carts are employed as a backup measure, to assist in dust prevention and
management, as required.

Weather is consistently monitored and works are planned around windy conditions (i.e. limit
potentially dusty work activities during periods of high winds).

Site operations are proactively managed in a way that reduces dust (i.e. bulldozer
movements are minimised and traffic movement in the stockpile areas is managed).

Operations are planned to minimise the total amount of stockpile movement required.

Plant and machinery are maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications to
minimise emissions and conveyor cleaning systems are regularly maintained.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)

Fully covered conveyors are used to transport coal to the wharf and ship loader. This shields
conveyors and product coal from wind effects and mitigates potential for dust issues.
Pans below the conveyors also prevent spillage of coal into the Brisbane River.

Conveyor spillage is collected and relocated as soon as practicable.

Vacuum trucks are used to remove any coal residue or spillage on the wharf and
conveyor pans.

The QBH ship loader features a long fixed chute that allows the coal to be deposited deep
inside the hold of each vessel. The chute encompasses an enclosed section that minimises
exposure of product coal to wind during ship loading.

Elevated conveyors are fully enclosed within a gantry.

Belt scrapers are installed at all transfer points and maintained to ensure effective
belt cleaning.

Ongoing real time air quality monitoring throughout the terminal and in the adjacent
community provides information verifying that coal dust is being effectively managed.
8.0 AIR QUALITY SUMMARY
Significant air quality monitoring has been undertaken in and around the Port of Brisbane since
1999. Programs have included both the monitoring of ambient concentrations of dust and campaign
monitoring programs investigating impacts on motor vehicle storage at the port.
Monitoring methodology has been varied and ranges from dust deposition and real time monitoring
through to the measurement of gases.
Dust monitoring has included dust deposition and particulate matter monitoring. A number of
focussed dust monitoring programs have also been undertaken, specifically looking at the impacts of
dust on stored motor vehicles. Results of ambient dust monitoring programs indicate very few
exceedences of guideline levels both at the Port of Brisbane and in the Wynnum residential area.
Appendix A includes a more detailed summary of air quality monitoring undertaken at the Port of
Brisbane since 1999.
Port of Brisbane Dust Monitoring Program (November 2003 – May 2011)
The Port of Brisbane Dust Monitoring Program incorporated the use of dust deposition gauges to
measure levels of deposited dust on a monthly basis. The deposited dust was also analysed for
cement, coal and woodchip dust in an effort to determine the make-up of the dust.
In 2009, a summary report identified that in 66 months of monitoring only six minor general dust
exceedences of the guideline level for dust deposition were recorded. These exceedences, and
samples in general, contained limited levels of coal dust. This program continued for a further two
years ending in May 2011. The program was ended as long term results demonstrated that dust
levels at the port were generally well within guideline levels.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
QBH Dust Monitoring Program
QBH historically undertakes dust deposition monitoring at two sites located on the facility’s
boundary. The monitoring site on the southern boundary provides the best representation of dust
that may impact on the Wynnum community to the south.
QBH have provided PBPL with monthly monitoring data from April 2009 to November 2012
(43 months). In this period, four minor exceedences of the guideline levels were recorded (August
2011, November 2011, February 2012 and March 2012). These results indicate there are minimal
dust emissions from the facility.
Department of Environment and Heritage Protection Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Program
EHP has been undertaking ambient air quality monitoring in Queensland since the mid 1990’s.
An ambient air quality monitoring station was established in Wynnum in February 1999 by Caltex
Refineries (Qld) Ltd and is still in operation. The stations record general dust emissions.
Recent results from this monitoring indicate that PM10 dust levels remain within guideline levels.
Two levels were recorded above 50 ug/m3 (May 2011 and August 2012), which occurred during
strong westerly winds and were potentially attributable to the Port Connect motorway works.
There were also a number of days in succession where levels were recorded above 50 ug/m3
(September 2011) and were attributable to fires in the Brisbane region.
Since 2010, no instances have been recorded whereby the 24 hour PM10 level was above 50ug/m3 as
a result of Port of Brisbane operations.
Targeted Monitoring Programs
A number of targeted monitoring programs have been undertaken by the Port of Brisbane including:
 Corrosion Survey and Monitoring for Automobile Storage Facilities (2001 to 2003)
 Fisherman Islands Custom Facility (2005)
 Roadside Monitoring Study (2006 to 2008)
 Analysis of Fallout Dust for Automobile Storage Facilities (2007)
All of these programs have demonstrated little to no impact of dust and demonstrate no impacts
from coal dust.
9.0 CURRENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd (PBPL)
PBPL is responsible for overseeing the general environmental performance of the Port of Brisbane,
including air quality emissions from port operations. PBPL have in place an air quality monitoring
program that monitors general air quality emissions from the Port of Brisbane. Locations of PBPL air
monitoring stations can be found at Figure 5 below.
PBPL often works with port tenants to ensure that their activities are effectively managed.
Routine lease inspections are undertaken to ensure lessees are meeting the requirements of their
lease conditions.
PBPL leases land to QBH as a terminal for the export of coal. The lease conditions stipulate
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
compliance with environmental regulation and nuisance provisions. These conditions capture all air
quality emissions from the site.
PBPL commenced a real time, long term dust monitoring program in May 2013. The program
consists of three real time E-Sampler dust monitor units measuring PM10 (Figure 5).
This program is not a regulatory requirement. PBPL acknowledges that the equipment used
(E-Sampler) currently has no standard accreditation, however the intention is to use the equipment
and the data collected primarily as an operational management tool rather than a regulatory
compliance instrument. E-Samplers are used widely throughout industry for this purpose, and whilst
they are not accredited instruments, the data collected is acknowledged throughout industry to be
highly accurate.
Monitoring involves the real time collection of particulate matter (PM10). A 24 hour average for each
site is calculated and compared against the Air Quality National Environmental Protection Measure
(NEPM) guideline value of 50µg/m3.
In the event of an exceedence, the following measures are taken:



Undertake specific analysis of all data to determine peak periods.
Examine wind directions and meteorological conditions for that day.
Compare the results against upwind sites.
A flow chart depicting the steps to be taken in the event of an exceedence of the NEPM is shown in
Figure 4 below.
PBPL are currently compiling a significant dataset which will enable shorter term management
triggers to be developed. The current dataset is not large enough to provide suitable information,
however once 12 months of data is collected PBPL is confident that shorter term dust management
triggers can be set. This plan will be updated to reflect this change.
Given the real-time monitoring capabilities, it is proposed that operational triggers be developed
based on 15 minutes averages. If a trigger level is exceeded, PBPL will execute management actions
in accordance with the flow chart shown in Figure 4 below. This will provide a highly proactive
approach to dust management and will result in significantly reduced dust emissions from
port activities.
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Corrective actions will include:
 Notifying QBH and EHP of the exceedence
 Ensuring all QBH management initiatives are in place.
Exceendence
Identified
YES
Data is
corrupt
YES
NO
NO
YES
Data is
comparible
YES
No further action
Adverse wind
conditions
NO
Coal issue
identified
NO
YES
YES
Corrective
Actions
Figure 4 – Exceedence Action Flowchart
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Figure 5 – Air Quality Monitoring Locations
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Queensland Bulk Handling (QBH)
QBH historically has had two permanent air quality monitoring stations on the boundary of their site.
QBH also undertakes additional air quality monitoring periodically. This monitoring is proactive—
QBH is not specifically required by EHP to undertake any air quality monitoring unless directed.
QBH has implemented additional air quality monitoring in response to recent community complaints
to EHP. The QBH monitoring complements the real time monitoring conducted by PBPL. Results of
the QBH monitoring program are available on the QBH website (qbh.com.au).
Five sampling sites (with DEHP approval) have been identified to meet siting requirements as
specified in AS/NZS 3580.1.1:2007. A summary of the sampling sites is outlined below and
approximate locations shown in Figure 5:
1. Dust sensitive Site 1 in the vicinity of the Cassiopeia Place playground. The preferred
location of the site is selected as a dust sensitive location closer to the QBH facility and in
the general direction of where the complaints originated.
2. Dust sensitive Site 2 in the vicinity of a park at the northern end of Wynnum North Road.
The preferred location of the site is selected as a dust sensitive location closer to the QBH
facility and on the basis of proximity to the rail.
3. Site on opposing side of the railway from the three dust sensitive sites, south of the
QBH facility.
4. Control site on Fisherman Islands. The nominated site is in the upwind direction from the
QBH facility and opposite direction from the Wynnum North residential community.
Dust Deposition Sampling
Monthly dust depositions are sampled at the five selected sites for a period of 12 months in
accordance with the Australian/ New Zealand Standard (AS/NZS3580.10.1 – 2003 ‘Determination of
Particulate Matter – Deposited matter – Gravimetric Method).
PM10
Twenty four hour gravimetric PM10 are sampled on a one-in-six day frequency for two consecutive
months in accordance with AS/NZS 3580.9.9:2006 ‘Determination of suspended particulate matter –
PM10 low volume sampler – gravimetric method. In the absence of available electrical power, a low
volume gravimetric sampler is used for the sampling of PM10 at the selected sites. It is proposed
that one low volume sampler at one sampling site (Site 1) is equipped with a light scattering monitor
and a weather sensor. This allows for real time dust measurement comparison to operate for the
entire two month period with the gravimetric samplers, meteorological data and activity data.
Coal fraction
It is proposed that coal fraction is determined in the dust deposition samples to allow an estimate of
the contribution of the coal dust to dust deposition rates.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
10.0 HOLISTIC SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
The South Western User Group (SWUG) is made up of the following stakeholders:
Members of the SWUG are:

New Hope Coal

Peabody Energy

Yancoal

Aurizon (formerly QR National)

Queensland Rail

Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd (associate member)

Queensland Bulk Handling

Department of Transport and Main Roads

Queensland Resources Council
Originally the group was formed to discuss operational and logistical issues for moving coal from the
mine to the Port of Brisbane.
Recently, the SWUG has shifted its focus from a day-to-day operational focus to a strategic focus
which includes holistic coordination and management of community engagement and
environmental management.
This PBPL Coal Dust Management Plan complements and informs the SWUG’s coal dust
management plan.
11.0 COMMUNICATION
PBPL proactively engages with key stakeholders to raise awareness of air quality management.
Stakeholder communication focuses on building understanding of the Port’s long-term track record
in effectively managing dust from all commodities and is aligned with the PBPL Coal Dust
Management Plan and work with the Coal Working Group.
In mid-2013, PBPL updated the air quality monitoring section of its website
(www.portbris.com.au/environment/air-quality) to provide both local residents and the broader
Brisbane community with educational information such as real time air monitoring data charts,
information on the Port’s air monitoring programs, descriptions of key air quality terminology and
links to air monitoring locations.
Queensland Resources Council, as Queensland’s peak resources sector association, actively engages
with the media regarding coal dust management along the Western rail line.
PBPL will continue to keep members of the Coal Working Group – the Queensland Government
Department of Environment and Heritage Protection (DEHP) and Queensland Bulk Handling (QBH)
and local political stakeholders – informed of its stakeholder engagement activities.
The Communication Actions Flow Chart outlined below (see Figure 6) provides an overview of the
internal and external communications with stakeholders whom PBPL maintains regular contact.
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Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
SWUG Members:
New Hope Coal
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Peabody Energy
Yancoal
QR National
Queensland Rail
Port of Brisbane
Coal Working Group
Queensland Bulk Handling
Department of Transport and Main Roads
Government
Briefings
Workshops
Reporting
Tours
Forums
Community
Media
PBPL
employees
Port Industry
PBPL Intranet
Port tenant email
communication
PBPL website
Facts sheets
Newsletter
Local paper
Case-by-case
basis
Visitors Centre
Staff emails
Newsletters
PBPL Forums ,
LLF, CCC
CCC
Figure 6 – Communication actions flow chart
Key stakeholders
● Government
○ Queensland Government Department of Environment and Heritage Protection (DEHP)
○ Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads
○ Premier’s Department
● Federal, state and local elected representatives
● Port industry
○ Coal Working Group (comprising DEHP, QBH and PBPL)
○ Businesses/industry based at the Port of Brisbane
○ Customers and Tenants
● Community
○ Community Consultative Committee (CCC)
○ Local environmental groups
○ Local residents
○ Community tour groups
● Media
● PBPL employees.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Engaging with key stakeholders
Government
PBPL will:
● Actively engage regularly with the EHP (as part of the Coal Working Group) to effectively
coordinate the approach to coal dust management and monitoring and to keep the Department
informed of stakeholder engagement activities
● Keep the Department of Transport and Main Roads and Premier’s Department informed of the
Port’s coal dust management and monitoring and stakeholder engagement activities.
● Actively engage regularly with elected representatives to keep them informed on the outcomes
of the Coal Dust Management Plan and assist, where required, with addressing related questions
from constituents.
Port industry
PBPL will:
● Actively engage regularly with the Coal Working Group to effectively coordinate the approach to
coal dust management and monitoring
● Actively engage with businesses and industry based at the Port of Brisbane to keep them
informed of the Coal Working Group’s progress and monitoring outcomes. This may be achieved
through the CCC (which includes Port businesses) and other PBPL forums such as the Landside
Logistics Forum (LLF)
● Keep business customers informed of the Port of Brisbane’s Coal Dust Management Plan and
monitoring outcomes, where appropriate.
Community
PBPL will:
● Actively engage with the community and community groups through the CCC, whose
membership provides representatives from a broad range of groups
● Keep the local community informed of the Port of Brisbane’s Coal Dust Management Plan and
monitoring outcomes. This may be achieved via a number of communication channels including
the PBPL website; fact sheets; editorial in the local Wynnum Herald newspaper via a regular
column called Port Tidings; community tours and the Port of Brisbane Visitors Centre; and the
QBH Coal Handling Facility.
PBPL employees
PBPL will keep employees informed of the Port of Brisbane’s Coal Dust Management Plan and
monitoring outcomes.
Media
PBPL will respond to media enquiries on a case-by-case basis, as required.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Communication tools
Communication tools available to PBPL include:
● PBPL website (www.portbris.com.au/environment/air-quality)
● PBPL intranet and All Staff Emails (for employees)
● Coal Working Group
● Industry and community committees, including the CCC and Landside Logistics Forum
● Fact sheets
● Newsletters
● Advertising in the local newspaper, The Wynnum Herald, via a regular column called Port Tidings
● Port of Brisbane Visitors Centre
● Community tours.
12.0 CONTACTS
Peter Keyte
General Manager Trade Services
(07) 3258 4620
[email protected]
Alan Turner
Senior Manager Operations
(07) 3258 4618
[email protected]
Craig Wilson
Manager Environment
(07) 3258 4848
[email protected]
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
13.0 GLOSSARY OF TERMS
PM10 - PM10 is that fraction of dust less than 10 microns in size. This dust fraction has human health
concerns as it can penetrate into the lower lung. PM10 is measure in µg/m3.
Coal fraction – Coal fraction is the portion of deposited dust that contains coal.
Air NEPM – NEPM is the Air Quality National Environmental Protection Measure. NEPM sets a PM10
guideline value of 50µg/m3 for a 24 hour average which can be exceeded 5 times per year.
E-Sampler dust monitor units – The E-Sampler is a real time dust monitor used to measure different
dust fractions depending on the size of the sampling inlet. It is a dual technology instrument that
combines real time measurement of light scatter with the accuracy standard of filter methods.
Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) – The Hardgrove Grindability Index is a measurement of the
relative difficulty of reducing various coals to a particle size required for efficient combustion in
pulverized coal boiler furnaces. In general, the higher the HGI value, the more readily a coal can be
reduced to smaller particle sizes.
Western Moreton below-rail Network - Queensland rail freight network maps can be viewed at
http://www.queenslandrail.com.au/NetworkServices/DownloadsandRailSystemMaps/Freight/Pages
/freight.aspx
Environmental Protection Act 1994 – The Environmental Protection Act is the main piece of
Queensland legislation for the regulation of activities that impact on the environment.
Environmental Protection (Air) Policy 2008 – The purpose of the EPP (Air) is to achieve the object of
the Environmental Protection Act in relation to the air environment.
Dust deposition – Deposited matter refers to any dust that falls out of suspension in the
atmosphere.
Ambient air quality monitoring – Ambient air quality monitoring is the monitoring of dust levels in
the general atmosphere.
ug/m3 – micrograms per cubic meter
Air Quality National Environmental Protection Measure – The Air NEPM sets the national standard
for air quality management in Australia.
AS/NZS 3580.1.1:2007 ‘Methods for Sampling and Analysis of Ambient Air’ - Sets out general
guidelines to the siting of air monitoring equipment and specifies a number of siting parameters for
individual air pollutants.
AS/NZS3580.10.1 – 2003 ‘Determination of Particulate Matter – Deposited matter – Gravimetric
Method - This Standard sets out a method for the sampling of particulate matter that is deposited
from the atmosphere, and procedures for the gravimetric determination of the mass deposition rate
of insoluble solids, ash, combustible matter, soluble solids and total solids from ambient air.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Gravimetric sampler – A gravimetric sampler is dust monitoring equipment that provides timeweighted-average dust concentrations.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
APPENDIX A: PORT OF BRISBANE AIR QUALITY MONITORING SUMMARY
PORT OF BRISBANE PTY LTD – Dust Monitoring Summary
December 2012
Executive Summary
A significant level of air quality monitoring has been undertaken in and around the Port of Brisbane
since 1999. Programs have included both the monitoring of ambient concentrations of dust and
campaign monitoring programs investigating impacts on automobile storage at the Port.
Results of ambient monitoring programs indicate very few exceedences of guideline levels both at
the Port of Brisbane and in the Wynnum residential area. The fact that ambient monitoring
undertaken at the Port has had so few exceedences of guidelines levels provides sufficient evidence
to make a conclusion that dust emissions from the port do not impact on neighbouring sensitive
receptors, given guideline levels are developed for sensitive areas and levels at the port mostly
comply with these levels. This evidence is further strengthened by the fact there have been no
exceedences of guideline values at the DEHP Wynnum dust monitoring station due to port
operations.
Further to the above, specific testing of dust and dust fallout has found that coal only makes up a
small percentage of total dust fallout from port operations. Monitoring within 700m of the coal
stockpiles has found coal to make up less than 10% of the total dust.
Based on the available data, it can reasonably concluded that dust emissions from the coal handling
at the Port of Brisbane does not pose either a health or amenity issue to nearby sensitive receptors.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Introduction
The monitoring of air quality in and around the Port of Brisbane (including the Wynnum community)
has been undertaken in various forms since 1999 by both the managers of Port of Brisbane, port
tenants and other industrial operators and the State government.
Monitoring methodology has been varied and ranged from dust deposition through to the
measurement of gases. In terms of the monitoring of dust, monitoring has included dust deposition
and particulate matter monitoring. A number of focussed monitoring programs have also been
undertaken, specifically looking at the impacts of dust on stored motor vehicles.
Dust is generally broken down into different particle sizes. Dust deposition measures insoluble
matter which consists of all dust particles. Insoluble matter is material which does not dissolve in
water and is measured in mg/m2/day. Insoluble matter tends to be nuisance dust only and this
method of measurement is relatively rudimentary and inaccurate.
Different techniques are used to measure total particulate matter (PM) which is the finer dust
fractions. These methods of measurement generally use electronic equipment that are required to
meet standards and are generally very accurate. Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) is all dust less
than 100um in diameter (or PM100) and is generally classed as nuisance dust as dust of this size
cannot penetrate into the human lung. PM10 and PM2.5 are finer fractions of dust (10um and 2.5um
respectively) and are known to have human health impacts. Due to the human health issue, these
two particulate sizes are most commonly measured in ambient monitoring programs.
The PM2.5 fraction of dust is generally associated with emissions from combustion. In terms of
crustal dust (i.e. from bulk minerals including coal) there is very little dust below this particle size
with the majority of harmful particles falling in the PM5 to PM10 range. Focus on the health impacts
has shifted recently from PM10 to PM2.5 due to the more harmful dust being in the lower particle size
fraction.
Guideline Values
There are a number of guideline values specified for different dust types. All dust guideline levels are
applied to sensitive receptors and are generally based on the health impacts on the elderly and
children who are most susceptible to impacts from dust. Although industry undertakes a significant
level of on-site monitoring, the application of relevant guidelines to this monitoring is in most cases
not appropriate as these are industrial areas with no susceptible persons living in the area.
The National Environmental Protection Measure (NEPM) for Ambient Air Quality is the major guiding
document for ambient air quality levels in Australia. The Air NEPM specifies the following guideline
levels for dust:
Pollutant
Averaging Period
PM10
PM2.5
PM2.5
24 hours
24 hours
1 year
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Maximum (ambient)
Concentration
50ug/m3
25ug/m3
8ug/m3
Goal
5 days per year
Page 27 |
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
The State Department of Environment and Heritage Protection (DEHP) regulates the Environmental
Protection (Air) Policy 2008. The EPP (Air) reflects the guideline values defined in the Air NEPM and
also specifies additional guidelines for TSP:
Pollutant
Averaging Period
TSP
1 year
Maximum (ambient)
Concentration
90ug/m3
Goal
A nuisance limit for dust deposition at 120mg/m2/day has been specified in the past by DEHP and is
levels in this order are adopted as an industry standard.
Summary
A number of air quality monitoring and other related studies have been undertaken at the Port of
Brisbane since 1999. The following work is summarised below:







Port of Brisbane Dust Monitoring Program – ASK Consulting and Lloyd Consulting
QBH Dust Monitoring Program
South East Queensland Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Program – Department of
Environment and Heritage Protection
Dust Monitoring Program Fisherman Islands Customs Facility (2005) – ASK Consulting
Corrosion Survey and Monitoring for Automobile at Fisherman Islands and Hamilton (20012003) – ETRS Pty Ltd
Analysis of Dust Fallout at Fisherman Islands (2007) – ETRS Pty Ltd
Airborne Emissions, Port of Brisbane Fisherman Islands, Roadside Monitoring Study (20062008) – International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of
Technology
Port of Brisbane Dust Monitoring Program (November 2003 to June 2009)
Port of Brisbane Corporation (PBC) implemented a site dust monitoring program in November 2003.
The original aim of the program was to quantify the atmospheric dust impacts on a parcel of land
earmarked for motor vehicle storage. The program was subsequently expanded in both 2007 and
2008 to provide a more generic monitoring program to ascertain the impacts of port operations on
local air quality (local being at the Port of Brisbane, not the neighbouring residential communities).
The program incorporated the use of dust deposition gauges to measure levels of deposited dust on
a monthly basis. The deposited dust was also analysed for cement, coal and woodchip dust in an
effort to determine the make-up of the dust.
It is difficult to interpret impacts on the Wynnum community from these results, however
interpretation of the data from Site 3 (at the old Visitors Centre – between the coal stockpiles and
Wynnum, see Appendix A) demonstrates that at a close proximity to the dust source (approximately
750m), dust deposition levels are generally below guideline values (it should be noted that these
guidelines are for residential areas, not industrial areas).
A summary report was prepared in 2009 which identified that in 66 months of monitoring, there
were 6 total exceedences of the guideline level. In 42 months of monitoring (minus those months
when nearby construction was occurring), there were only 3 exceedences. The annual average at
each site was well below the guideline value.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
This program was continued for a further two years when it was ended in May 2011. Results from
July 2009 to May 2011 identified that in 22 months of additional sampling at Site 3 there were no
further exceedences of the guideline level.
Table 1: Summary of data from Site 3 over the duration of the monitoring program (minus
construction periods)
Season
# of Samples
Summer
Autumn
Winter
Spring
17
17
15
15
# of
Exceedences
Total
1
1
1
64
% Exceedences
3
5%
The three recorded exceedences of the 120 mg/m2/day guideline occurred in May 2007 (135
mg/m2/day, coal dust 7 mg/m2/day), August 2007 (128 mg/m2/day, coal dust 6 mg/m2/day) and
October 2007 (138 mg/m2/day, coal dust 1 mg/m2/day).
The data indicates that coal dust represents less than 10% of all material with levels generally
between 2 and 12 mg/m2/day. In comparison woodchip dust averaged between 3 and 34
mg/m2/day.
QBH Dust Monitoring Program
QBH undertake dust deposition monitoring at two sites on their facility boundary. One of the sites is
on the southern boundary which provides the best representation of any dust leaving the site that
may impact on the Wynnum community to the south.
QBH provided monthly monitoring data from April 2009 to November 2012 (43 months of
monitoring). In this period there have been 4 exceedences of the guideline levels due to coal dust
(August 2011, November 2011, February 2012 and March 2012). The fact that this monitoring
location is on the boundary of the site and there are so few exceedences demonstrates minimal dust
emissions from the facility.
Department of Environment and Heritage Protection Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Program
The Department of Environment and Heritage Protection (DEHP) has been undertaking ambient air
quality monitoring in Queensland since the mid 1990’s. An ambient air quality monitoring station
was established in Wynnum in February 1999. This station has been operational since this time.
Recent results from this monitoring (see Appendix B) indicate that PM10 dust levels remain within
guideline levels. There have been two levels recorded above 50 ug/m3 (in May 2011 and August
2012) which occurred during strong westerly winds and were potentially attributable to the Port
West motorway works. There were a number of days in succession where levels were recorded
above 50 ug/m3 (September 2011) which were attributable to fires in the Brisbane region.
During the past 3 years there have been no recorded instances where the 24 hour PM10 level was
above 50ug/m3 which was attributable to Port of Brisbane operations.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Page 29 |
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Fisherman Islands Customs Facility – 2005
The Port of Brisbane Corporation undertook a campaign monitoring program at the Fisherman
Islands Customs Facility due to concerns about the impacts of dust on worker health. Both DustTrak
and Osiris monitoring equipment was installed on site, measuring PM10 inside and outside the
Customs facility on Fisherman Islands. The sampling was conducted over a 2 month period from
February to April 2005.
There were no exceedences of the 50ug/m3 guideline inside the facility however there were 18
exceedences of this level outside of the facility. It was concluded that all exceedences were due to
onsite operations, particularly the removal of dusty materials from containers for inspection. The
high majority of exceedences occurred during northerly winds, coal and grain stockpiles are to the
south of the Customs facility.
Corrosion Survey and Monitoring for Automobile Storage Facilities – 2001 to 2003
The Port of Brisbane Corporation undertook a campaign monitoring program from May 2001 to June
2003 in an effort to quantify corrosion rates for future automobile storage. This program was design
to quantify corrosiveness rather than dust fallout.
The study found that the long term corrosion rates of mild steel at the Fisherman Islands facility
were similar to those recorded at the Hamilton facility. Of note in relation to dust issues was that
Hamilton was found to have higher concentrations of atmospheric pollutants (i.e. sulphur and other
impurities) when compared to the Fisherman Islands site.
Analysis of Fallout Dust for Automobile Storage Facilities - 2007
The Port of Brisbane Corporation undertook a campaign monitoring program in 2007 to investigate
the nature of particles evident on the surface of automobiles as a result of complaints from the
automobile storage companies. Swab samples were taken from vehicle surfaces and reviewed under
optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive analysis of x-rays.
Results indicate that between 10-20% of dust on stored cars was coal dust with other sources
making up the balance of the dust (including road dust which made up to 70% of dust on the
vehicles).
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Page 30 |
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
Roadside Monitoring Study 2006-08
A study was undertaken to provide detailed information on airborne pollutant concentrations near
the port, focussing on the land transport access corridor for the Fisherman Islands precinct, a major
source of airborne pollutants associated with port activity. The Study examined the relationships
between airborne pollutant concentrations and port road traffic intensity to provide a basis for
predictions of future concentrations in the corridor as the intensity of transport activity changes.
Airborne pollutants, including particle size distribution, particle number concentration, fine particle
mass concentration, sulphur dioxide, and oxides of nitrogen, as well as meteorological variables
including wind speed and direction were measured for a total of sixteen weeks in eight seasonal
campaigns spanning a two year period from January 2006 to February 2008.
Source directions were broken into distinct areas of impact for purposes of analysis (see Appendix
C). The Study found there was no indication of a prominent source of fine dust particles in the Port
Activities source-sector. For particle number concentration and fine particle concentrations the
Clean Air and Residential source-sectors made significant contributions at the measuring site.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
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Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
APPENDIX A Port of Brisbane Dust Monitoring Program Site Locations
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Page 32 |
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
APPENDIX B Department of Environment and Heritage Protection Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (Wynnum Site)
Table 1: Monthly Maximum 24 hour average PM10
Month
January 2010
February 2010
March 2010
April 2010
May 2010
June 2010
July 2010
August 2010
September 2010
October 2010
November 2010
December 2010
Max 24hr PM10
32.5
27.3
21.4
22.6
22.5
30
28.6
30.7
32.3
25.1
20.3
22.8
Month
January 2011
February 2011
March 2011
April 2011
May 2011
June 2011
July 2011
August 2011
September 2011
October 2011
November 2011
December 2011
Max 24hr PM10
27.0
24.4
37.8
18.1
50.11
31.6
30.8
28.1
59.22
31.3
31.5
22.7
Month
January 2012
February 2012
March 2012
April 2012
May 2012
June 2012
July 2012
August 2012
September 2012
October 2012
November 2012
December 2012
Max 24hr PM10
32.0
24.3
24.7
18.9
40.0
30.2
28.1
58.23
1
The Air NEPM 24-hour PM10 standard was exceeded at the Wynnum monitoring site on 12 May due to windblown dust from earthworks to the west of the site during strong westerly winds.
2
There were a large number of grass and bushfires in the south-east Queensland region from 16 to 20 September.
Winds were westerly at the time of the elevated PM10 measurements at Wynnum, suggesting that windblown dust from Port Connect road construction works to the west of the site are
likely to have contributed to these exceedences.
3
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Page 33 |
APPENDIX C Roadside Monitoring Site Location and Direction Vectors
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
3 Port Central Avenue
Port of Brisbane
QLD 4178
Phone: +61 7 3258 4888
Fax: +61 7 3258 4703
Email: [email protected]
www.portbris.com.au
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
APPENDIX D – Port of Brisbane with Wind Roses
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Page 35 |
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Coal Dust Management Plan – December 2013 (Revised version)
DISCLAIMER
Confidentiality
All information contained in this document or presentation is and remains ‘Confidential’ and any
person or entity in possession of this information will ensure that it is not disclosed to any other
party without express written authorisation from Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
Copyright and Ownership
Copyright in this information remains with Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd or its related entities (‘PBPL’) and
at all times the information remains the exclusive property of PBPL. All rights are reserved. Do not
copy, disseminate or use, except in accordance with the prior written consent of PBPL.
Accuracy of Information
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd and its related entities (‘PBPL’) shall not be liable for any loss or damage of
any nature whatsoever due to any inaccuracies or errors, which may result from use of data supplied
by others or prepared by PBPL. The data provided by PBPL is provided “as is” without warranty of
any kind. PBPL does not guarantee or warrant the correctness, completeness, currency,
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose of such data.
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
COMMERCIAL IN CONFIDENCE
Page 36 |
Port of Brisbane Pty Ltd
3 Port Central Avenue
Port of Brisbane
QLD 4178
Phone: +61 7 3258 4888
Fax: +61 7 3258 4703
Email: [email protected]
www.portbris.com.au