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An (IIHFWHGSDUWLFLSDQWLVZKDWLVFDOOHGµREMHFWRIUHVXOWµLHWKHUHVXOWRIWKH action of the verb. 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This study considers WKHPDSSLQJRIVHPDQWLFIXQFWLRQVWRV\QWDFWLFIXQFWLRQVLQ(QJOLVKDQG/LWKXDQLDQ7KH 6ROYHLJD6XãLQVNLHQơ IROORZLQJZRUNLQJK\SRWKHVLVKDVEHHQIRUPHG(QJOLVKDQG/LWKXDQLDQGRQRWHVVHQWLDOO\ GLIIHUZLWKUHVSHFWWRWKHVFRSHRIVHPDQWLFIXQFWLRQVRIWKHZRUGVPDUNHW and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cross-linguistic analysis of PDUNHWLQ(QJOLVKDQGWXUJXVLQ/LWKXDQLDQKDVSURYHGWKH UDLVHGK\SRWKHVLVWKDWLQERWKODQJXDJHVWKHZRUGVXQGHUDQDO\VLVSOD\WKHVDPHUROHVWKDW is of $JHQW$IIHFWHG3DWLHQW(IIHFWHG5HVXOW), 5HFLSLHQW%HQH¿FLDU\&DUULHU$WWULEXWH 6HQVHU, and 3KHQRPHQRQ,QWKHVXUIDFHVWUXFWXUHRIDVHQWHQFHWKH\SHUIRUPHGWKHV\QWDF tic functions of the 6XEMHFW, the 'LUHFW2EMHFWLYH&RPSOHPHQW, and the ,QGLUHFW2EMHFWLYH &RPSOHPHQW. &RQVLGHULQJ WKH VHPDQWLF GLYHUVLW\ RI VHPDQWLF VXEMHFWV DQG REMHFWV LQ (QJOLVK DQG /LWKXDQLDQDQGWKHPDSSLQJVRIVHPDQWLFIXQFWLRQVWRV\QWDFWLFIXQFWLRQVLQWKHWZRODQ JXDJHVLWLVSRVVLEOHWRVWDWHWKDWWKDWV\QWD[KDVDQLQÀXHQFHLQGHWHUPLQLQJWKHVHPDQWLF functions used in both languages. 6ROYHLJD68â,16.,(1Ơ $QJOǐ¿ORORJLMRVNDWHGUD âLDXOLǐXQLYHUVLWHWDV 39LãLQVNLRJ /7âLDXOLDL >6ROYHLJDV#JPDLOFRP@
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