KEY
Review for PAP Fall Semester Exam
-Remember you can visit my website for important Power Points and handouts from class.
Use your reading of “The Tell Tale Heart” to answer the questions that follow:
1. Who is being described? "They heard! – they suspected! – they knew! – they were making a
mockery of my horror!"
The Policemen
2. What was it about the narrator that “had convinced them”?
His manner
3. Provide examples of how the theme of this piece deals with death and dying.
Death-Mortality
4. Define mockery.
1 insulting or contemptuous action or speech :
2 a subject of laughter, derision, or sport
3 a counterfeit appearance
b: an insincere, contemptible, or impertinent imitation <makes a mockery of justice>
4 something ridiculously or impudently unsuitable
5. What makes the narrator confess his crime?
He hears a ticking from beneath the floorboards.
6. What literary term is utilized in the following excerpt:
“His room was as black as pitch with the thick darkness…”
simile
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Punctuating Titles
Rewrite the following sentences on the line below punctuating the sentences correctly.
1. Do you like the poem “Trees”, that we read in class yesterday?
2. The Star Tribune had a great article about high school football titled, “Gridiron Greats.”
3. Ned Smith wrote an article called “Upstairs in the End” for Newsweek.
4. We saw the play A Christmas Carol at the Guthrie Theater.
5. Sue’s poem, “Adventure at 30,000 Feet”, was published in the book High School Poets.
6. My favorite part of Saturday Night Live is the segment called “Weekend Update.”
7. My little sister’s favorite movie is Finding Nemo.
8. For my research paper, I used an article called “Turtle Heaven” published in the April issue of
Minnesota Conservation Volunteer.
9. The song “Killing the Blues” on the CD Raising Sand by Alison Krauss and Robert Plant was used in a
J.C. Penney ad.
10. Paw Prints is the name of the journalism class’s publication.
SAT Vocabulary Lessons 1-4
Define each of the following terms:
1. Ambivalent- having contrary feelings or attitudes, uncertain as to the course of action
a. Synonym – undecided
b. Antonym-certain; firmly convinced
2. Engender- to cause, to produce to create
a. Synonym –
b. Antonym-to squelch
3. Taciturn- quiet; not verbose
a. Synonym – reserved, reticent
b. Antonym-loquacious; talkative
4. Banal- common, ordinary, lacking freshness, hackneyed
a. Synonym – insane, insipid, vapid
b. Antonym-fresh, unique, extraordinary
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5. Esoteric-understood by a small group or a select few
a. Synonym –
b. Antonym-obvious
6. Venerate-to honor, to revere
a. Synonym –adore, worship
b. Antonym7. Erudite- characterized by great knowledge; learned or scholarly
a. Synonym –educated, knowledgeable
b. Antonym- common, ignorant
8. Didactic- intended for instruction; instructive
a. Synonym –academic, advisory
b. Antonym9. Servile- relating to or involving slaves or appropriate for slaves or servants
a. Synonym –base, beggarly
b. Antonym- aggressive, dominant
10. Assuage- to ease, to mitigate, to make less painful or burdensome, to calm
a. Synonym –allay, alleviate, sooth
b. Antonym- to irritate, to intensify
11. Petulance- unreasonable touchiness, irritability
a. Synonym –
b. Antonym- serenity
12. Virulent- extremely poisonous, hateful
a. Synonym –
b. Antonym- harmless
Rhetorical Appeals
What is logos?
the appeal to reason; supported by evidence
What is pathos?
appeal to audience’s emotions
What is ethos?
appeal to ethics or character
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Please analyze the following for the three rhetorical appeals:
"However, although private final demand, output, and employment have indeed been growing for
more than a year, the pace of that growth recently appears somewhat less vigorous than we
expected. Notably, since stabilizing in mid-2009, real household spending in the United States has
grown in the range of 1 to 2 percent at annual rates, a relatively modest pace. Households' caution is
understandable. Importantly, the painfully slow recovery in the labor market has restrained growth
in labor income, raised uncertainty about job security and prospects, and damped confidence. Also,
although consumer credit shows some signs of thawing, responses to our Senior Loan Officer Opinion
Survey on Bank Lending Practices suggest that lending standards to households generally remain
tight."
The Economic Outlook and Monetary Policy by Ben Bernanke. August 27th, 2010.
"I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. Some of
you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. And some of you have come from areas where your quest
-- quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of
police brutality. You have been the veterans of creative suffering. Continue to work with the faith
that unearned suffering is redemptive. Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South
Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern
cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed."
I Have a Dream by Martin Luther King Jr. August 28th, 1963.
“I have pledged myself and my colleagues in the cabinet to a continuous encouragement of initiative,
responsibility and energy in serving the public interest. Let every public servant know, whether his
post is high or low, that a man's rank and reputation in this Administration will be determined by the
size of the job he does, and not by the size of his staff, his office or his budget. Let it be clear that this
Administration recognizes the value of dissent and daring -- that we greet healthy controversy as the
hallmark of healthy change. Let the public service be a proud and lively career. And let every man
and woman who works in any area of our national government, in any branch, at any level, be able to
say with pride and with honor in future years: 'I served the United States Government in that hour of
our nation's need.'"
John F. Kennedy State of the Union Message, January 30, 1961
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AP Strategies
What is TPCASSS-TT used for?
Analyzing poetry
**Please analyze “Dreams” by Langston Hughes, using TPCASSS-TT
What is APPARTS used for?
Analyzing primary source documents
**Please analyze “Ain’t I a Woman” & “Declaration of Sentiments”, using APPARTS.
What is SMELLER used for?
Analyzing speeches
**Please analyze “The Gettysburg Address” & “School House Door”, using SMELLER.
Sources
What is a primary source and please give an example.
A primary source is a document, speech, or other sort of evidence written, created or otherwise produced during the
time under study. Primary sources offer an inside view of a particular event.
Diary of Anne Frank
Give an example of a secondary & tertiary source.
secondary- encyclopedia
tertiary- manual
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Poetry
What is end rhyme?
The occurrence of similar or identical sounds at the end of two or more lines.
What is internal rhyme?
Rhyme that occurs within a single line of poetry.
What is rhyme scheme?
A pattern of end rhyme noted by assigning a letter of the alphabet, beginning with a, to each line.
Lines that rhyme are given the same letter.
What is a stanza?
A division in poetry equivalent to a paragraph in prose.
What is a refrain?
A sound, word, phrase or line repeated regularly in a poem.
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English 8
Fall Semester Review
Literary Elements
characterization
Irony
Mood
setting
onomatopoeia
alliteration
hyperbole
point of view
symbol
personification
1. The perspective from which a story is told
conflict
protagonist
metaphor
allusion
theme
--------------------------------point of view
2. Contrast between what is expected and what happens ---------------------------irony
mood
3. The feeling created in the reader by a literary work ------------------------------setting
4. The time and place of the action of a literary work -------------------------------characterization
5. The methods used by an author to create a character ---------------------------6. The central character; the focus of interest
protagonist
---------------------------------
7. Anything that represents something else
symbol
---------------------------------
8. A reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art
allusion
--------------------------------9. A central message or insight into life
theme
---------------------------------
10. A struggle between two opposing forces revealed through the literary work
conflict
-------------------------------11. Figure of speech in which one thing is spoken as though it were something else
metaphor
--------------------------------12. A deliberate exaggeration or overstatement
hyperbole
---------------------------
13. The repetition of initial consonant sounds
alliteration
---------------------------------
14. Figure of speech in which a non-human subject is given human characteristics
personification
-------------------------------15. Words that sound like their meanings
onomatopoeia
---------------------------------
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Identify the literary element for each sentence.
Simile, idiom, oxymoron, personification, irony, allusion
1. The used to call me Sweet Lemon Brown. oxymoron
2. She is going to take a stab at trying to get organized. idiom
3. Hard times are always after a poor man. personification
4. The voice was high and brittle like dry twigs. simile
Identify the literary element for each sentence.
Foreshadowing, simile, idiom, metaphor, onomatopoeia,
Characterization, imagery, allusion,
7. Her mother held up five twenties, a blossom of green!
8. Get in your room and hit those books now!
metaphor
idiom
9. He was an old man with a ragged appearance.
characterization
10. I could almost taste the millet-and- water gruel.
imagery
11. Just the throbbing hum of the refrigerator…
onomatopoeia
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Identify the literary element for each sentence.
Metaphor, hyperbole, diction, theme
14. “Hau, hoksilas, boys,” he greeted them.
15. I was so embarrassed; I could have died.
diction
hyperbole
16. Everyone needs to treat others in a kind way.
theme
17. Yollie’s mother was a riot!
metaphor
Top 8 Verbs
Write the definition for each of the Top 8 Verbs:
1. Analyze- Take apart a concept or a process, and explain it step by step.
2. Compare- Show likenesses and differences when you compare two events,
theories, or processes.
3. Describe- To give an account of in words all of the relevant characteristics,
qualities, or events
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4. Develop- To expand or enlarge by adding detail and fullness to; to
strengthen as in an argument
5. Infer- To conclude from the evidence given
6. Make- To form in the mind or compose
7. Understand- To grasp the significance, implications, or importance of; to
assign meaning to
8. Use- To put into service or apply
Analogies
1. CRANE : LIFT ::
(A)
bird : elevator
(B)
shave : razor
(C)
bulldozer : excavate
(D)
analyze : data
2. NOVELIST : FICTION ::
(A)
opinion : editorialist
(B)
plagiarist : thesis
(C)
playwright : drama
(D)
report : journalist
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3. JAR : LID ::
(A)
emboss : label
(B)
crockery : tin
(C)
strike : seal
(D)
bottle : cork
4. AUTHOR : ________________ :: WOODSMAN : AXE
(A)
pen
(B)
book
(C)
fiction
(D)
idea
5. RUNNER : SWIFT :: BALLERINA :
(A)
slipper
(B)
female
(C)
graceful
(D)
dance
6. CARPENTER : SAW :: SCULPTOR : ________________
(A)
sculpture
(B)
blueprint
(C)
chisel
(D)
music
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7. _____________: HOSPITAL :: TELLER : BANK
(A)
invalid
(B)
operation
(C)
x-ray
(D)
nurse
8. ACTOR : _____________ :: FARMER : FIELD
(A)
lines
(B)
script
(C)
stage
(D)
camera
9. ______________: DOWNPOUR :: BREEZE : HURRICANE
(A)
blizzard
(B)
storm
(C)
tornado
(D)
shower
10. ________________ : BOW :: ANTERIOR : POSTERIOR
(A)
front
(B)
stern
(C)
knot
(D)
starboard
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Point of View –
Define and explain each term:
1.
Point of view - the vantage point from which a story is told
2.
Narrator – the voice that tells the story
3.
First person – the narrator is a character in the story, uses the pronouns “I” and “me”, and
shares his or her view of other characters.
4.
Third person limited – the narrator is NOT a character in the story but is an outside observer.
They focus on the thoughts and feelings of ONE character.
5.
Third person omniscient – the narrator is NOT a character in the story but is an outside
observer. They know the thoughts, feelings, and opinions of ALL characters in the story.
Tell whether the following are first person, third person limited, or third person omniscient
6.
Nancy was tired, and she just wanted to sleep. Peggy was full of energy and she was ready
to hit the jogging trail. It was weird how the twins were different that morning.
Third-person omniscient
7.
The sun was shining brightly. I was ready for the big sailing trip with my dad. We got the
boat ready to launch. I was so excited I could sing for joy.
First-person
8.
The horrible little girl screamed at her mom. Her mom was so frustrated she did not know
what to do. She felt guilty punishing her daughter, but she felt bad for letting her be wild in the
store.
Third-person limited
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Plot –
Define the terms.
1. Exposition – the author introduces the setting and the characters and also reveals the story’s
conflict.
2. Rising Action – the part of the story that introduces the obstacles and builds suspense.
3. Climax – the turning point of the story. In this part of the story, the climax is intense.
4. Falling Action – the part of the story where the author reveals the result of the climax. It
eases the tension and shows how the main conflict is resolved.
5. Resolution – the part of the story that reveals the final outcome and ties up loose ends.
Conflict
1. What is conflict? A struggle between two opposing forces.
2. What is internal conflict? This is the kind of conflict that takes place within the self or
character. An example is when a character is struggling over a difficult decision.
3. What is external conflict? This is the kind of conflict that involves a struggle between a
character and an outside force.
4. Name the 4 types of conflict and give a short example of each. Examples include:
character vs. character – a character confronts his friend when he learns he has been
betrayed.
character vs. society – a character faces poor working conditions.
character vs. nature – a character faces a blinding snow storm.
character vs. self – a character must decide if he should turn in a friend breaking the law.
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