So#waretechnologiefürFortgeschri4ene
TeilEide
StundeIII:Modellierung
(withcontribu>onsfromChris>an-EmilOre,
JonHolmen,andothercolleaguesattheUnit
forDigitalDocumenta>on,UniversityofOslo
andfromMar>nDörrandStephenStead,
CIDOC-CRMSIG)
Köln15.Dezember2016
Overallarchitecture
online
offline
Client
Client
Client
Client
tapesta1on
Media-server
diskraid
Dataflow
Client
Request to store media
file,
(filename+path, user,
topnode, process-xml)
Mediaserver returns
a pointer to the
mediafile hub
Basedonuser,format,topnode,
Media-servervalidates,storesfile,
andparsestheprocess-xmlto
createrequested
Media-server
newversions
diskraid
Towardsabstractmodelling
•  Howcanthismethodbegeneralised?
–  Somepreliminarynotes
•  Learningstrategies
•  Theroleoftheory
theory/modelling
implementa>on
Whatisanimage?
•  Animagecanbefound
–  inadatafile
–  ona35mmfilm
–  atapaperposi>ve
–  ataglassplate
–  …
•  Wedonotcare,theyareallimages
–  modelledasmedia_units
–  connectedtomedia_groups
•  Ifsomethingis
–  anothermedia_unittoanexis>ngmedia_group,or
–  aderivedmedia_group
•  isascholarly(contentbased)choice
Thetransforma>onevent
•  Eachtransforma>oneventhappenedin>me
–  mayormaynotknowwhen
–  actor(s)maybeknoworunknown
•  Transfereventsfrom
–  analoguetoanalogue
–  analoguetodigital
–  digitaltodigital
–  (digitaltoanalogue)
•  arerecordedinthesameway
Chainsofevents
•  Connectedtoaimagethereisachainofevents
–  likethepassportofapersonwithstamps
•  Canseewheretheimagecomesfrom
•  Canstepinatanypointtore-doprocessing
•  Someimagescanbeseenascaches
–  butthedis>nc>onbetweencachedandnotisnotcentral
–  rather:someprocessescanbere-done
–  butbeawareofdetaildifferences
•  programversions
•  libraries
Thememoryofevents
•  Storingevents:wri>nghistory
•  Thisisobviouslyimportantforoldstuff
–  museumstrytotrackprovenience
•  Butallnewwillbecomeold
•  Historyismadebyourscripts
–  wecanrecorditorletitgo
Reminder:Eventcentricdatamodel
sourceàrecordingàresult
Mediaobject
Types
–  External
–  Analoguenega>ve
–  Analogueposi>ve
–  Digitalphoto
–  Digitalcopy
–  ….
Event
”recording”
Sourceof
when
Timespan
Types
–  Photographing
–  Repro
–  Copying
–  Scanning
performedby
Person
Resultsin
where
Place
Mediaobject
Types
–  Analoguenega>ve
–  Analogueposi>ve
–  Digitalphoto
–  Digitalcopy
–  ….
Reminder:Datamodel(example)
Separa>onbetween“informa>onobject”and
“informa>oncarriers”
Iscarrierof
discipline
cataloguing
discipline
cataloguing
…
media_group
(informa>on
object)
media_unita
nega1vefilm
Event1
Camera,1966
media_unitb
paperposi1ve
Event2
Copying,?
media_unitc
filefromscanner
Event3
Scan,1997
media_unitd
file
Event4
Resizing,2004
Remember:Database
Disciplineschema1
Commonschema
Disciplineschema2
•  image_card
•  media_group
•  image_card
–  media_group_id
–  concent_metadata
•  subjectspecific
tables
–  id
–  process_xml
–  tech_metadata
•  media_unit
–  tech_metadata
–  default{0,1}
•  schema_setup
–  process_spec
–  delete_limit
•  process
–  process_spec
–  status{0,1,2,9}
–  media_group_id
–  concent_metadata
•  subjectspecific
tables
Whichdiscipline?
Whichdiscipline?
Whichdiscipline?
Whichdiscipline?
Iden>calphotographs?
Whichdiscipline?
Whichdiscipline?
Whichdiscipline?
Eventcentricdatamodel
MediaObjectA
Type:Digitalcopy
Sourcefor
”Skrik”
Event
Type:
MediaObjectB
Resultsin
Useof
photoshop
Sourcefor
Type:Digitalcopi:
”TheImsdalman”
when
Timespan
Performedby
Person
when
Place
MediaObjectD
Type:Collage
”TheImsdalman
MeetsMunch”
Datemodel,conceptsandthings
Conceptualobject
Mediagroup
-unitA
Informa>on
Object
”Skrik”
Mediagroup
-unitB
Informa>on
Object
”TheImsdalman”
…
Conceptualobject
MediaObjectA
Type:
Digitalcopy
Basedon
MediaObjectC
Type:
Digitalcopy
MediaObjectB
Type:
Digitalcopy
Physicalthing
Mediagroup
-unitC
Informa>on
Object
”TheImsdalman
MeetsMunch”
Modelofvs.modelfor
Modellingstrategies:examples
•  Modellingforproduc>on
–  Computerscience–e.g.UML
–  DigitalHumani>es–e.g.TEI
•  Modellingforunderstanding
–  DigitalHumani>es
–  (Humani>es,naturalsciences,…)
•  Modellingfordataintegra>on
–  Computerscience–e.g.Seman>cWeb
–  DigitalHumani>es–e.g.TEI
–  Culturalheritage–e.g.CIDOC-CRM
Introducing CIDOC-CRM
Historical Archives…
Type:
Text
Title:
ProtocolofProceedingsofCrimeaConference
Title.Sub1tle: II.Declara1onofLiberatedEurope
Date:
February11,1945
Creator: ThePremieroftheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics
ThePrimeMinisteroftheUnitedKingdom
ThePresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica
Publisher: StateDepartment
Subject: PostwardivisionofEuropeandJapan
Metadata
Documents
About…
“The following declaration has been approved:
The Premier of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics,
the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and the President
of the United States of America have consulted with each
other in the common interests of the people of their countries
and those of liberated Europe. They jointly declare their mutual
agreement to concert…
….and to ensure that Germany will never again be able to
disturb the
24 peace of the world…… “
Images, non-verbose…
Type:
Image
Title:
AlliedLeadersatYalta
Date:
1945
Publisher: UnitedPressInterna1onal(UPI)
Source: TheBe`mannArchive
Copyright:Corbis
References:
Churchill,Roosevelt,Stalin
Photos, Persons
Metadata
About…
25
Places and Objects
TGNId: 7012124
Names: Yalta(C,V),Jalta(C,V)
Types:
inhabitedplace(C),city(C)
Posi1on: Lat:4430N,Long:03410E
Hierarchy:Europe(con1nent)<–Ukrayina(na1on)<–Krym(autonomousrepublic)
Note:
…SiteofconferencebetweenAlliedpowersinWWIIin1945;….
Source: TGN,ThesaurusofGeographicNames
Places, Objects
About…
Title:Yalta,CrimeanPeninsula
Publisher:Kurgan-Lisnet
Source:LiaisonAgency
26
The Integration Problem (1)
•  Problem 1: identification of things
–  Actors, Roles, proper names:
•  The Premier of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Allied leader, Allied power
Joseph Stalin….
–  Places
•  Jalta, Yalta
•  Krym, Crimea
–  Events
•  Crimea Conference, “Allied Leaders at Yalta”,“… conference between
Allied powers” “Postwar division”
–  Objects and Documents:
•  The photo, the agreement text
27
27
TheIntegra4onProblem(2)
•  Problem 2: hidden (implicit) entities (typically under “title”)
–  Actors
•  Allied leader, Allied power
–  Places
•  Yalta, Crimea
–  Events
•  Crimea Conference, “Allied Leaders at Yalta”,“… conference between
Allied powers” “Postwar division”
•  Solution:
– 
Make better metadata structures: but what are the
relevant elements?
28
28
Explicit Events, Object Identity,
Symmetry
E39
Actor
E52 Time-Span
E53 Place
7012124
February 1945
P82 at some time
within
E7 Activity
E39
Actor
P7 took place
at
“Crimea Conference”
E38 Image
P86 falls
within
E65 Creation
Event
E39
Actor
*
P81 ongoing throughout
E52 Time-Span
1945-02-11
29
E31 Document
“Yalta
Agreement”
The Intellectual Role of the CRM
Conceptualization
?
approximates
explains,
motivates
Data structures &
Presentation models
organize
Data
Legacy
Legacy
bases
systems
systems
World Phenomena
30
Data in various forms
Top-level classes useful for
integration
refer to / identify
E41 Appellations
E55 Types
refer to / refine
E28 Conceptual Objects
E39 Actors
E18 Physical Thing
participate in affect or / refer to
location
E2 Temporal Entities
at
E52 Time-Spanswithin
31
E53 Places
Eventcentricdatamodel
MediaObjectA
Type:Digitalcopy
Sourcefor
”Skrik”
Event
Type:
MediaObjectB
Resultsin
Useof
photoshop
Sourcefor
Type:Digitalcopi:
”TheImsdalman”
when
Timespan
Performedby
Person
when
Place
MediaObjectD
Type:Collage
”TheImsdalman
MeetsMunch”
Visual Content and Subject
P62.1 mode of
depiction
P62 depicts
by)
(is depicted
E24 Physical Man-Made Thing
E55 Type
E1 CRM Entity
P67 refers to
(is referred to by)
P128 carries
(is carried by)
E73 Information Object
P138.1 mode of
depiction
P65 shows visual item
(is shown by)
E84 Information Carrier
P138 represents
(has representation)
E36 Visual Item
E37 Mark
E38 Image
33
E34 Inscription
Datemodel,conceptsandthings
Conceptualobject
Mediagroup
-unitA
Informa>on
Object
”Skrik”
Mediagroup
-unitB
Informa>on
Object
”TheImsdalman”
…
Conceptualobject
MediaObjectA
Type:
Digitalcopy
Basedon
MediaObjectC
Type:
Digitalcopy
MediaObjectB
Type:
Digitalcopy
Physicalthing
Mediagroup
-unitC
Informa>on
Object
”TheImsdalman
MeetsMunch”
Developmentandmodelling
theory/modelling
implementa>on
Sessions
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
24.November
1.DecemberCancelled,butseebelow
8.December
15.December
Monday23.January18.00
–  PaulFishwick:guestlecture
•  26.January
•  2.February
•  (9.February)
h4ps://www.utdallas.edu/chairs/profiles/fishwick.html