Preview
If you were elected
President, who would you
put in government positions
in the Executive Branch?
Title
your
page
this!
Andrew Jackson
a. Nicknamed “Old Hickory”
for his toughness
b. Major General during the
War of 1812
c. Won major victories in the
Battle of Horseshoe Bend
& The Battle of New
Orleans
d. Led campaign against
Cherokee Indians
John Quincy
Adams
a. Democratic-Republican
b. Jackson accused Adams
and Henry Clay of working
together to strike a deal to
make Adams President.
c. The DemocraticRepublicans split and
became two separate
Parties…
Democrats vs Whigs
a.
Federalist Party Dissolved
b.
4 Democratic-Republicans
ran & No one received
majority
c.
Went to the House of
Representatives
d.
Adams was named the
next President
e.
Jackson was MAD!!!!@!
Results
a. Called Adams victory a
“corrupt bargain”
b. Jackson was seen as a
“man of the people”
c. Born in log cabin
d. Poor
e. Orphaned at about 14
f. Worked his way up till he
owned a plantation and
was wealthy
Result: 3 times as many people vote & Andrew Jackson wins
President Jackson
a.Became 7th President
b.Strengthened the
power of the
presidency
c.Took on many
opponents
Washington
represented the
“Elite People”
Washington at the Capital
Jackson represents
the “Common Man”
Jackson’s Campaign
The Spoils System
a.Distrusted politicians
b.Fired hundreds and
replaced them with his
supporters
c. Rewarded his campaign
supporters with jobs –
“The Spoils System”
Giving Government jobs to
people in the President’s Party
as a reward for their support.
Jacksonian Democracy
a. Disliked the wealthy
b. Supporter of the “Common
Man” – The Regular Guy!
c. Changed the voting
requirements–
*Didn’t have to own
property to vote.
*Must be male, 21+, & white
Vs. Native Americans
a.Passed The Indian
Removal Act of 1830
b. Law passed by Congress
to force the Indians still
East of the Mississippi
River off their land
*Whites wanted their land for
cotton and gold!
Vs. Native Americans
a.Because of the Indian
Removal Act -
b. Indians were forced
west to reservations
(Oklahoma)
c. The Trail of Tears was
their route
Worcester v Georgia
a. Georgia Passed a law in 1830
stating no white man could
live among the Indians without
a license
b.Worcester was arrested and he
sued
c. Case went to the Supreme
Court – He won
d.Jackson didn’t care & removed
the Indians anyway
Vs. Nullification
a.North supported high tariffs
b.South opposed high tariffs.
South wasn’t getting any
roads or canals built in
their section of the country
*Tariffs help some sections of
the country but hurt others
Vs.
Nullification
a. Congress passed the Tariff of
1828-South called them Tariff of
Abominations
b.South was furious
c. Vice-President John C. Calhoun
secretly published an essay
saying that states could nullify
laws that violate their rights-
States Rights!
Nullification Crisis
Jackson began threatening to hang
Calhoun for treason. President talking
about killing the V.P…Wow!!!
Vs. Nullification
a. Daniel Webster told Congress
that the Union should stay
together “now and forever,
one and inseparable”
b. South Carolina decided they
wanted to nullify the tariff
and threatened to secede
(1832)
c. Jackson considered
nullification to be treason
Vs. Nullification
a.Jackson sent the navy
to Charleston Harbor
b. The Force Bill –
*Passed by Congress
*Gives the President
the power to use the
military to force a state
to comply
Vs. Nullification
a. Henry Clay (Great
Compromiser and creator
of the American System)
proposed The Compromise
Tariff to reduce the tariffs
over the next ten years.
b.South backed down and
this prevented a
permanent split between
the North & South for a
while longer
Vs. The
National
Bank
a. Thought banks were the tool of the
wealthy
b. Vetoed the National Banks charter in
1832-the bank can’t operate
c. Placed Federal money in state banks
(Jackson’s Pet Banks)
d. This led to the Panic of 1837-Panic is
when people take all their money out
of the bank because they are afraid of
what will happen to the economy
Jackson didn’t get blamed because he’d
already left office
Name: _________________________________
_________________
Class Period: ___________
Date:
3 Issues Faced by Andrew Jackson
Issue
Details
1. Held land in ____________
2.The land was good for __________ ____________and
whites wanted it. ________was also discovered on their land.
3.Jackson signed ___________ __________ ______ of
1830. It was about opening Indian lands to settlement by
whites. (This Act led to the _______ ___ _______).
Issue #1: 4. Worcester vs. Georgia. A Christian missionary refused to
Native
______ ___ ________and had been put in prison. Court
Americans
said that a state can not over rule a Federal Treaty. Jackson
_________to _________!
5.Leaders of the Cherokee people signed the Treaty of ____
__________ agreeing to relinquish the land for $_______.
6.In ______ , federal troops rounded up about __________
Cherokees. Forced to march in the cold, rain, and snow, many
grew weak and ill. Over 4,000 died. This harsh journey to
Indian Territory became known as the ______ ___ ______
Issue #1
Native Americans
By the 1820s, about 100,000 Native Americans
remained east of the Mississippi River.
1. They held large areas of land in Georgia and other
Southern states. The U.S. Government had signed
a treaty with the Cherokee saying they had the
rights to this land.
2. The Cherokees set up a constitution based on the
U.S. Constitution and founded the Cherokee
Nation. However, the land was good for growing
cotton and whites wanted it. Later, gold was
discovered on their land. Now the state of
Georgia began pressuring Jackson to remove the
Indians from the land and open it up to white
settlers.
Cherokee land at the Northern
tip of Georgia
Jackson believed the government had the
right to decide where Native Americans could
live. He believed they were a conquered people
and they could either adopt white culture and
become citizens of the U.S. or they could move
into the Western territories. They could not
have their own governments within the nation’s
borders. As whites were moving onto Indian
land, Jackson asked Congress to pass a law
that would require Native Americans to either
move west or submit to state laws. Many
Americans objected to Jackson’s proposal.
3. Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act of
1830. Jackson pushed Congress to pass this
act. It passed by 1 vote. The act called for
the government to negotiate treaties that
would require Native Americans to relocate
west. Jackson claimed this policy would allow
Native Americans to keep their way of life but
it was really only about opening Indian lands to
settlement by whites. (This Act led to the Trail
of Tears).
The Indian Removal Act said that Native Americans would be
moved to an area in Oklahoma that became known as Indian
Territory. The Cherokees refused to move and sued in
Federal Court to protect their land.
4. One of the cases that made it to the Supreme
Court was Worcester vs. Georgia. This involved a
Christian missionary who lived with the Indians.
He had refused to sign an Oath of Allegiance to
Georgia and had been put in prison. The Supreme
Court under Justice Marshall ruled in favor of the
Native Americans. The Court said that a state
can not over rule a Federal Treaty. The
President’s job is to make sure that Federal law is
obeyed. But Jackson refused to enforce the
Supreme Court’s decision!
Should the President be allowed to do
whatever he wants?
5. Under pressure, leaders of the Cherokee
people signed the Treaty of New Echota on
Dec. 29, 1835 agreeing to relinquish (give
up) the land for $5 million.
This was just a small group and the Cherokee
people had not authorized them to sell their
land. The men didn’t profit from the sale and
really believed they were doing the right thing
for their people but only a few thousand
Cherokee agreed to move. The rest continued
to farm their land and waited to see what the
U.S. government would do.
6. In 1838, federal troops and militia rounded up
about 16,000 Cherokees and forced them into
camps. Soldiers took people from their homes
with nothing but the clothes on their backs.
Forced to march in the cold, rain, and snow
without adequate clothing, many grew weak and
ill. One in 4 died along the trail. Over 4,000
died. This harsh journey of the Cherokee from
their homeland to Indian Territory became
known as the Trail of Tears.
It was a 1,000 mile march in the middle of a
very harsh winter. People died of disease and
starvation
Hero or Zero?
Hero or Zero?
Exit Ticket
Fill in the following sentence stem
Andrew Jackson is a _____________ because…
(Hero/Zero)
List at least 2 reasons in your sentence.