END SLAVERY TENNESSEE
BeTheJam
Manual: A
Guide to
Human
Trafficking for
Youth Leaders
Table of
Contents
3.2 Let’s All Be Adults About This Issue
Preface
Copyright
iii
Dedication
iv
Who We Are v
Chapter 1: Understanding the Issue
1.1 Understanding the Issue
7
1.2 How Is This Happening?
9
1.3 Comprehending the Scope 10
1.4 Why don’t they just leave? 12
1.5 An Unfortunate Truth 14
Chapter 2: What You Can Do
2.1 You Are Crucial 16
2.2 Entry Point #1: Intervention 17
2.3 Entry Point #2: Prevention 20
Chapter 3: Sharing With Others In Your
Organization
26
3.3 Youth Reaching Youth Reaching Youth
Reaching…
27
3.4 To ESTN-ity and Beyond!
28
3.5 Get Involved
29
3.6 Educate Yourself 31
Chapter 4: BeTheJam - Stop Human
Trafficking 33
Appendices
Appendix 1: Guide for the “Traps of Trafficking”
Video
36
Appendix 2: Skits to go with the “Traps of
Trafficking” Video
38
Appendix 3: Children 11 and Under 44
Appendix 4: Youth Programs
47
Appendix 5: Invitation Letter
51
Appendix 6: Flyers, Brochures & Resources
53
Appendix 7: Review This Manual
54
3.1 Getting Your Senior Pastor and Leadership Team
On Board 25
i
Preface
Credits and
Copyright
Written by Brian Hiatt with help from Jamie Blurton, Derri Smith, Kate Unger
Edited by Diane Stewart, Vicki Warren, Marcus dePaula and Karen Miller
© 2014 End Slavery Tennessee. All Rights Reserved.
Information in this document is subject to change without notice. This
document is provided to volunteers and staff for the End Slavery Tennessee
(ESTN) organization. No other use, nor any reproduction, distribution or the
making of any derivatives of this document is authorized, without the
express prior written permission of ESTN.
End Slavery Tennessee disclaims any responsibility or liability for any direct
or indirect damages resulting from the use of the information in this manual
described in it. Mention of any organization, website or brand does not
constitute an endorsement by ESTN of that organization, website or brand.
End Slavery Tennessee
50 Vantage Way, Suite 255
Nashville, TN 37228
615-806-6899
[email protected]
iii
Dedication
Dedicated to every man, woman and child who desires to
live a life of freedom from this modern day form of
slavery…human trafficking.
This manual was created in 2013. Please use it for your personal ministry
and have others contact us for further copies. This helps us report
effectiveness back to our generous grantors. Thank you!
BeTheJam is a movement developed by End Slavery Tennessee to empower
America’s youth to protect themselves and their peers from human
traffickers.
For Further Information about End Slavery Tennessee:
Sign up for our newsletter at www.endslaverytn.org
OR text EndSlaveryTN to 22828
iv
Who We Are
We are a team of people passionate about empowering today’s targets of
human trafficking to remain free.
Our Vision
A slave-free Tennessee … and beyond
Our Mission
To protect young people from falling prey to human traffickers
The Deets
BeTheJam is a project of End Slavery Tennessee, a nonprofit organization
that works to create a slave-free Tennessee and holistically restore survivors
of human trafficking.
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Chapter 1
Understanding
the Issue
"This is your last chance. After this, there is no turning back.
You take the blue pill -- the story ends, you wake up in your
bed and believe whatever you want to believe. You take the
red pill - you stay in Wonderland, and I show you how deep the
rabbit-hole goes."
-Morpheus in THE MATRIX (1999)
You may choose to look the other way, but you can never say
again that you did not know.
-William Wilberforce
If you are reading this, you’ve chosen the red pill. For
this issue it would be emotionally easier to pretend it
doesn’t happen, but the danger is too real for actual
people for us to ignore. Before discussing strategies
for “being the jam” and stopping human trafficking, we
need to see just how deep this rabbit hole goes.
1
Understanding the Issue
Human trafficking is a form of modern-day slavery in which
Smuggling is a crime committed against a country’s borders.
people control and exploit others for the sake of profit. The
Once people are smuggled into a country, they are released to be
concept of human trafficking can be summed up as "compelled
on their own. Human trafficking, however, is a crime against a
service." Every year, human traffickers generate billions of
person. Essentially, it is a person being moved from freedom into
dollars in profits by victimizing millions of people around the
slavery. Smuggling may turn into trafficking when an individual
world, as well as here in the U.S. Human trafficking is
voluntarily is smuggled across borders but then loses their
considered to be one of the fastest growing criminal industries in
freewill to go and do what they choose.
the world.
As defined under U.S. federal law, victims of human trafficking
include children involved in the commercial sex trade, adults age
18 and over who are coerced or deceived into commercial sex
acts, and anyone forced into different forms of labor or services,
such as domestic workers held in a home, or farm-workers
forced to labor against their will.
For more information online:
• End Slavery TN’s resources page
• The Polaris Project resources page
• U.S. Department of State Trafficking in Person’s (TIP) Reports
Human trafficking may sometimes be confused
with human smuggling.Trafficking and smuggling
are entirely separate federal crimes in the U.S.
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You may be familiar with terms like “teen prostitute” or “child
prostitute.” But, it is important to realize that no child willingly
chooses this lifestyle. Even if it appears the minor is participating
willingly, he or she is a victim of manipulation by predators
preying on needs and vulnerabilities and adults abusing their
power over a child. In Tennessee, we now have a law stating that
no minor (under the age of 18) can be labeled or charged with
prostitution. Minors engaged in commercial sex are always a
victim of human trafficking. We now target the adults who lure
and manipulate them.
No child willingly chooses this lifestyle.
STOP HUMAN TRAFFICKING.
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2
How Is This Happening?
Pop Quiz
Sex slavery is less risky for several reasons. With human
What two words come to mind when you remember high school
to court for prosecution. Furthermore, victims are frequently
Economics class? If your words weren’t “nap” and “time”, there’s
brainwashed or afraid of testifying because family members are
a good chance you thought of “supply” and “demand.” Well, the
often threatened. Also, the internet allows for trafficking to occur
same principle of supply and demand used in economics applies
out of plain sight with a high degree of anonymity.
trafficking, there is no hard evidence like a kilo of heroin to take
to human trafficking. Traffickers manipulate their victims and
force them into labor, service, or the commercial sex trade in
While escort services, massage parlors, and street prostitutes
order to profit from the high demand for sex and cheap labor that
certainly exist, more and more of this activity is becoming a
exists in our world today. They maintain control through violence
computer-based operation that does not require a physical sign
(such as brutal beatings, repeated rapes, burning) and/or threats
out front. Traffickers can upload an ad on the internet, rent a
of severe harm to the victim and/or to their families. They use
hotel room, and they are in business. Even regular homes in
lies, drugs, deception, psychological abuse, and manipulation.
normal residential neighborhoods may be used.
Many of the same people who traffic drugs and weapons realize
Foreign nationals and U.S. citizens have been identified as
that selling people is more profitable and less risky.
victims in all 50 states and Washington, D.C. You may find
victims in a legitimate business setting or in underground
Sex slavery is more profitable because people can be sold
markets, locked in brothels or factories, or out in plain view.
repeatedly. In the case of a sex slave, the “returns” might come
20 or more times a day. In the case of labor slavery, goods
continue to be produced or services provided, without labor
costs. In contrast, each gun or drug item only can be sold once.
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3
Comprehending the Scope
Trafficking knows no educational, economic, or racial
boundaries. It can, and certainly does, exist in nearly every
country around the globe.
…That Affects the United States…
• 7 years is the average life of a commercial sex slave within
the U.S., once trafficked
A Global Problem…
• 27 million slaves are in the world, more than at any other
time in history
• $90 is the average cost of a slave
• $32 billion is the conservative profits figure for the human
trafficking industry (some estimates reach $50 billion)
• 18,000 - 20,000 people are trafficked across U.S. borders
annually
• 83% of victims in confirmed sex trafficking incidents were
U.S. citizens
• 12-14 years old is the average age of entry into prostitution
within the U.S. (age is even younger for boys)
• 2nd largest global criminal industry, after drug trafficking
• 33% of all U.S. runaways are approached for sexual
exploitation within 48 hours
• Fastest growing criminal industry
• 90% of U.S. runaways ultimately end up in the sex trade
• 600,000-800,000 people are trafficked each year around the
world
• 80% of victims are female
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…And Happens In Our Own Back Yard.
• 85 counties within TN reported at least one case of human
trafficking (in 2011)
• 4 counties within TN reported 100+ cases (each case usually
involved multiple victims)
• 94 children are trafficked EVERY MONTH in Tennessee. This
does not count the many victims over 18.
We don’t want to think that trafficking exists in our own backyard,
but the ugly truth is that Tennessee is on a major route for human
trafficking.
In 2011, The Tennessee Bureau of Investigation (TBI), in
conjunction with Vanderbilt University, conducted a study on
human sex trafficking and its impact on youth in children in
Tennessee. Mark Gwyn, Director of TBI stated, “The results of
the study are shocking. Human trafficking and sex slavery in
Tennessee is more common than previously believed possible.”
Sources: US Department of Health and Human Services; US Dept. of
Justice, Shared Hope International; Polaris Project; UNICEF, International
Labor Organization; Tennessee Bureau of Investigation (TBI)
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4
Why don’t they just leave?
One of the questions I’m most frequently asked
victims, are often shuttled from place to place to keep them
is “Why don’t the victims of human trafficking get
disoriented, isolated and completely dependent on the trafficker.
help? Why can’t they escape?”
“Biderman’s Chart of Coercion,” published by Amnesty
International in 1973, describes in detail coercive techniques
The answers are varied and complex. Traffickers maintain control
(besides physical torture) used to gain control of political
through violence: Repeated rapes, brutal beatings, threats of
prisoners — techniques such as isolation, induced debility and
severe harm to the victim and often to their family.
exhaustion, threats, degradation, enforcing of trivial demands,
Lies, deception and psychological manipulation and abuse are
important weapons in the trafficker’s repertoire also. The process
used to break a victim’s spirit and make them compliant is known
as “seasoning,” “grooming,” or “conditioning.” Manuals exist
that teach traffickers the art.
granting of occasional indulgences, to mention a few. These are
the same means (as well as physical torture) which are used to
subjugate trafficked women and girls Such a victim may give
every appearance of freely choosing to sell her body, while the
unseen forces that condition her to be there are every bit as real
as if they were made of yards of barbed wire.
In the US, there are documented cases of water torture,
burnings, confinement, withholding of food and water, horrible
beatings, and branding of women and girls. Some are forced to
take addictive drugs.
Foreign victims find themselves a new and unknown culture,
unable to speak the language and fed lies that make them fearful
of the police and service providers. They, as well as domestic
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you’re there, explore the interactive slavery map to get a visual of
just how close to home cases have been reported.
You can find the full report along with other news of human
trafficking in Tennessee on our education and news page. While
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5
An Unfortunate Truth
Of the 27 million slaves in the world, about half are children
under the age of 18. In fact, two children are trafficked every
minute around the world.
Many believe that child trafficking victims in the United States are
A Unique Opportunity
mostly children brought to America from other countries. But
that is not true. For a variety of reasons, it has become harder to
As someone with a place of influence in the lives of young people
move human beings across our borders. As a result, local
who are often the targets of traffickers, you are vitally important
abductions and recruitment of children are on the rise.
in the fight against human trafficking.
Traffickers find it’s cheaper and less risky to get “the product”
from a small town or city in the U.S. than to import them from
That is why this manual has been created for
other countries.
you.
Traffickers will recruit from malls, schools, colleges, playgrounds,
theaters…virtually anywhere youth can be found.
Visit www.endslaverytn.org to learn more.
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