Bio 124, Lecture 2 (8/25/16)
I. Ocean topography
1.
Continental Shelf
2.
Continental Slope
3.
Abyssal Plain
4.
Seamounts & Guyots
5.
Mid-ocean ridge
6.
Trenches
II. Challenges of living in the ocean
III.Properties of Water
A. Why unique
B. Primer on atoms
C. Structure of water molecule
D. Characteristics of Water
1. Polarity
2. Heat capacity
Homework:
 Ocean Journal 1 due Thurs 9/1 at start of lecture
(assignment in lab binder)
 Reading (Castro & Huber 10th ed.)
 For today: Ch 2: 33-36; Ch 3: 40-46
 For Tuesday: Ch 10 (all)
 1st lecture quiz Tuesday 8/30 – Lectures 1 & 2:
ocean topography, water properties
 Be sure to keep up with study questions – on our
class website posted after each lecture
www.biosbcc.net/ocean
Be curious!
Engage in life.
Announcements:
 Bio Club meeting Fri 8/26 2:00 EBS 209
Pete Holms - Not Knowing http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQ
4o1N4ksyQ
“Science is a way of thinking much
more than it is a body of
knowledge.
For me it is far better to grasp
the universe as it really is than to
persist in delusion, however
satisfying & reassuring.”
- Carl Sagan
Continental Shelf
Oceanic Topography
Continental shelf width varies
• Shallowest ocean area
• Only 8% of sea floor (but most sea life)
1
Continental shelf break:
Abrupt steepness
Gulf of Maine
120-200 m depth
Continental Slope
Characteristics
• Edges of continents
• < 10% of seafloor
• Base 3,000-5,000 m
(10K-16.5K miles)
• Channel sediment to
seafloor
Ocean Geography: Subtidal Zones
8%
The Abyssal Plain: 3000-6000 m depth
Is it plain?
<10%
50%
Fig. 2.5
Seamounts
Guyots (<10%)
Mid-Ocean
ridges (30%)
Latitude 9° north, small part of the E. Pacific Rise
Image: Stacey Tighe, University of Rhode Island)
2
Trenches (2%)
Deepest Trench:
Mariana Trench,
Pacific
11,022 m
(36,163 ft)
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/news/de
ep-sea-challenge/cameron-how-deep
http://rt.com/news/mariana-trench-james-cameron-firstvideo-608/
Challenges of living in the ocean
Why is water the
most unique
substance on Earth?
gas
liquid
solid
Fig. 3.3
3
Bio 124, Lecture 2 (8/25/16): Study Questions
1. Briefly define each of the following aspects of
ocean topography, describe the general
characteristics, and note the % of the seafloor
each covers: continental shelf, shelf break,
continental slope, continental rise, abyssal plain,
seamounts & guyots, mid-ocean ridges, trenches.
2. List 6 natural aspects of the marine environment
that create unique challenges to marine
organisms. Briefly explain how/why each is a
challenge.
3. List 3 unique properties of water.
4. Describe the basic structure of an atom, listing
each of the 3 subatomic particles, noting the
electrical charge for each.
5. What is an electron (valence) shell?
6. Why are oxygen and hydrogen atoms so
attracted to each other?
7. Define covalent bond & hydrogen bond.
8. Define polarity and explain why water has this
property.
9. For virtually all substances, density is higher in
the solid form compared to the liquid form.
Explain why water does not have this property.
10. Define heat capacity
4