i
^>e»>AKiNa
OLDO^
NAnC»^S
Tower of Babel It Again In Use—
Mesopotamia's
Reclamation—Sir
William W illcock's G reat P roject
Now In Course of Realization.
By WILLIAM T. ELLIS.
Babylon.—^Possibly th e
g reatest
presen t * project of- civilization, and
certainly the m ost rom antic, the
reclam ation
of
M esopotamia,
is
now in course of actual realization.
D uring the tim e of my sojourn in
M esopotam ia the papers providing forthe construction of these vast irri­
gation works were signed by the Turk­
ish governm ent and Sir John Jackson,
th e distinguished B ritish engineer, to
whom the carrying on to completion of
th e im perial project of Sir W illiam
W illcocks has been entrusted. Sir
John has left one of his consulting en­
gineers in charge a t Bagdad, and the
o th er men of his staff are either al­
ready here or on the way. The mag­
nificent conception of Sir W illiam
W illcocks, to give hack to civilization
th e fertile land between the Tigris
and the E uphrates, which was the
birthplace of history, and the home
of teem ing millions of people, is no
longer a dream.
So dram atic an event as the rehab­
ilitation of this once-fertile land, now
becom e.a desert, is found to he full of
sta rtlin g aspects. Not the least of
these I discovered when I came to
Babylon and saw th a t w hat the arch­
aeologists are agreed upon as the re­
m ains of the Tower of Babel is now
practically a hole in the ground; and
v/hen I w ent out to the Hindia Bar­
rage, where the Willcocks engineers
are at work, I saw the bricks from the
Tower of Babe) being ground up into
powder to m ake cem ent for the foun­
dations of the new barrage. T here is
a m easure of fitness in this ancient
tow er of deliverance being used to
help save the land from its thirsty
aridity. L est anybody accuse Sir Wil­
liam of being an iconoclast, it may be
said th a t the bricks w ere taken from
th eir original site 30 years ago by the
T urkish governm ent, which tried to
build a dam th a t would send the wa­
te r s of the E uphrates once more past
©abylon, or, w hat m eant more to it,
p a s t th e m odern town of Hillah.
iMaking the Garden of Eden Bloom.
Sir W illiam Willcocks, like all afchiBelogists and students of th e Bible,
ilocates the Garden of Eden in the
T igris-E uphrates delta. Sir William
fixes the site a t a point w est of Hit,
th e famous springs from which both
an tiq u ity and m odern tim es secured
v a st supplies of bitum en. These smok­
in g and forbidding regions are said by
som e to have given the ancients their
figure of the angels with the flaming
cw ords a t the gates of the garden.
No doubt Is entertained by the arch­
aeologists th at it was in this region
th a t civilization had its birth. H ere
w ere the g reat em pires of antiquity.
P rom beneath the drifted dust and
fiilting mud of M esopotam ia the schol­
a rs with spades are digging up the
w onderful stories of Babylon, Niffur,
Tello, Ninevah and A sshur, while
oth er “tells,” or mounds, such as m ark
the site of U r of the Chaldees, the city
of A braham ’s ancestors, aw ait the
coming of archaeological expeditions.
The Garden Made a Desert.
As every trav eler in this p a rt of the
world has rem arked, the Moslem is
not a builder, but a w aster. The
sta te m e n t is commonly made concern­
in g th e Arab, but it is equally tru e
of the Turk. It seems as if the fa­
talism and physical excesses of Mo­
ham m edanism cut the nerve ot initia­
tive and endeavor. Certainly the fol­
low ers of the P rophet found this re­
gion a garden; hut they have made it
L
Coops In Fields for Babies.
T hat necessity is the m other of in­
vention is shown by th e hundreds of
little buildings resem bling chicken
€oops which are scattered over th e
w heat fields of W eld county to pro­
vide daytim e hom es for the babies of
th e R ussians who w ork in the w heat
fields.
The Russian m others are obliged to
ta k e th e ir babies to th e fields and
fiave built these little stru ctu res of
-wood, covering them with canvas. At
jioon aniLonce in th e m orning and in
th e afternoon the m others visit th eir
tchildren, leaving them alone for the
rem ain d er of the day.
The youngsters are apparently con­
ten ted and rem ain in th e ir little coops
iwithout a cry, gazing through th e slats
4 it
the passersby.—Greeley correHBpondence D enver Republican.
!
a desert. I have traveled over a con­
siderable p a rt of M esopotam ia, by
kelek, horse, wagon, donkey, sm all
boat and afoot. E veryw here the sam e
story is repeated. It Is all poverty,
ruin and desolation. The iLrabs live
in the sam e black te n ts th a t Solomon
sang about, or else in m iserable mud
hovels. They have none of the con­
veniences of civilisation.
Life is a
hand-to-mouth existence. The appli­
ances of agriculture are prim itive be­
yond
belief—a
sm all
triangular
shovel, a little hoe about th e size and
shape of an adze, and a sharpened
stick for a plow.
Back of these cultivated areas lies
the Mesopotamia desert. I have
traversed sections of it where not a
plant bigger than the camel thorn
could be seen. It looks quite as deso­
late as |h e sandy Arabian d esert to
the w est of the E uphrates. Yet it is
every foot good gray earth, friable
and productive, needing only w ater to
m ake it pour forth crops to enrich the
m arkets of civilization and to deliver
the present population from dire pov­
erty.
“The F ath er of the Nile dam s,” Sir
W illiam W illcocks, who has also had
extensive experience in irrigation
work in India, has for years been call-
m apping out and beginning of a canal
system . This he has done for a nom­
inal salary; which ht.3 straightw ay
gone back Into the prcjeet. In some
cases t h e ' lines of the cM canals,
which to this day are the outstanding
feature of M esopotamian scenery, are
followed. In others, new er m ethods,
m ade possible by m odem engineering
skill, are employed.
At present the area affected by the
irrigation project contains about a
million : ''.d a balf of population. T hese
are mostly poor Arabs, who subsist
on a pittance, so th a t thousands of
them are glad to get work on th e new
canals and barrages a t 12 cents a day.
The women and children m ake even
less than this. While some of th e fore­
men and picked workm en receive as
m uch as 25 cents a day. All, however,
are learning, to a degree, th e habits of
steady industry which will stand them
in stead when they come to tak e up
the land th a t is being redeem ed by
th eir p resen t labors. Sir W illiam Will­
cocks is authority for the statem en t
th a t th ere should be a livelihood for
twelve million people in the reclaim ed
area.
W here these extra ten and a half
millions of population are to come
from gives concern to some studen^ts
m TIE F«IIIE«
AID HIS F im r
SHOULD ATTEND THE
INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION.
that
th e companfonBhip of his w ife
and children to Chicago during th©
w eek of th© In tern atio n al Live S tock
Exposition, D ecem ber 2 to 9, hag po t
only been an Inexpressible delight to
him self, bu t a benefit to his home, h is
business and his future.
Poor Conversationalist.
“Is your husband a good after-d ii‘n er talk er?”
“No, indeed. As soon as he’s had
dinner he lies down on th e couch an d
falls asleep, and I never g et a w ord
out of him.”
By CAPT. A. H. WADDELL.
T here are so m any reasons why th a
farm er and his fam ily should atten d
th e g reat In tern atio n al Live Stock Ex­
Im portant to M o th ers
position a t Chicago, th a t it is well and
E xam ine carefully every b o ttle of
opportune a t th is tim e to m ention CASTORIA, a safe and sure rem edy fo r
some of them .
in fan ts and children, an d see th a t i t
This g reat Exposition, th e g reatest
Bears th e
indeed of^all sim ilar shows, is so ap t Signature of ^__
to b e ‘Viewed by th e farm er, breeder,
v<ar SO
oava
/
In Use F o r O
Over
30 V
Years.
and stockm an as m erely a place
w here he should go to see th e ani­ Children Cry for Fletcher’s Castoria
m als exhibited th ere, and far business
Don’t go w ith the crowd ju st
purposes only. T his is a very narrow
view of so g reat and im portant a sub­ cause it is a crowd.
ject, for th e anim als seen a t this Ex­
W haslow ’s S o o tm n g S y r u p fo r GhildtSli.
position, w onderful and extraordinary Mrs.
te e th in g , s o fte n s th e g u m s, r e d u c e s infiam m ar
as th ey are, are bu t th e resu lts of tioo, aJ la y s p a in , c u r e s w in d c o lic , 25c a bottlo.years of labor on th e g reat farm s and
Love never fails, because it
ran g es of th e W est, although they
stand for the g reatest and b est of stops trying.
Am erican breeding and feeding.
The g reat object of th e founders of ,
th e Intern atio n al Live Stock Exposi­
tion, w as to p resen t to th e breeders
and farm ers of this country, an object
lesson of th e h ighest ideals, and a Prompt Relief—Permement Cure
school of in struction to w hich all could
CARTER’S LITfL&
come and learn.
I t goes w ithout saying, th a t th e men !
'
Who have m ade th is g reat in stitution :
__g.ct surely
possible, and th e breeders and feed- | but gently on
ers and farm ers who have m ade it ' the liver,
w hat it is, are m en of age and experi- ! Stop after
ence; and in order to p erpetuate and ' dinner dis- ^
im prove th is g reat school, and th e ij tress—cure
indigestion,'
m ethods through which it has gained ’ improve
the complexion, brighten the eyes,.
its p resen t day perfection, it is a b s o -; \
SMALL PILL, SMALL DOSE, SMALL PRICE^
lutely necessary th a t th e sons of these
Genome m ust bear Signature
m en he perm itted to see th e show, and
so sta rt th eir lives of im provem ent
from th e advanced point a t which th eir
fath ers stopped. This can never he
realized by rem aining on th e farm and
seeing only th e stock th eir fath ers
ra ise d ; fo r every son is imbued w ith ,
th e idea th a t his fath er breeds th e i
b e comipellcd
pelled to p a y t o your landlord
m ost
1
b est th ere is, and consequently, is un- ■and
)f: y o u r hard-earned
hard-earnei
profits?
>wn your o w n
rm. Secure a„ Fn
_
m estead in
farm.
d e f th e im pression th a t th e height of-1
:chewan or
ManitoT
achievem ent has been attained on tho
irta, or rwrehase
:nd in on e ot the;
home farm . Comparison is th e only
istricts and b a n k
disillusionizer, and it is this above all
p r o f it o f $ 1 0 . 0 0 o r
$ 1 2 .0 0
an
ac
things th a t th e young m an w ants, n o t ;
only to show him th a t th ere are b u n - ;
y e a r s ago a t $10.00 an
dreds as good as his father, and scores ,
a cre h a s r e c e n t l y
a g reat deal b etter. This opens th e !
c h a n g e d h an d s a t
$
25.00 an acre.
T he
eyes of th ese young m en and causes
:rops grow n on th e s
them to put on th e wise cap of thought :
^You^
and consideration as to why, how and
w here th eir own fath ers fell short in j
gaining w h at th e fath ers of th eir c o n -!
b y c a ttle raising,dairying,m ixed
tem poraries accomplished.
j
ram g
grow
farm ing and grain
row in g ir
A nother th in g th a t is sadly over- i
1 o f M anitoba
provtn<
^ askateb.
s lL a tc h e w a n a n d Alfae
A it
looked by th e m en who contribute to
F ree h o m e ste a d a
a nn d p r e th e Exposition w ith th eir stock is th e
e m p t lo n a r e a s , a s w eell
ll a s iand
held b y r a ilw a y and land (
fact th a t th eir wives, th e h eart and
pan ics, w ill
soul of th eir homes, and th e faithful
f o r m illio n
s o i l , h e a lt h f u l
A daptab!'
and constant com panions of th eir lives,
c lim a t e , sp!le n d id s c h o o l s
have done th eir generous share and
id c h u r c h e s ,lio o d r a ilw a y s ,
___ ■ s eittle
t t i __
eescripti
sc rip tiv. e_
rs’______
ra te , d_____
contributed in no sm all degree to th eir
literatu re-‘Last Best W e st,h o w
to re a c h th e c o u n try a n d o th e r p a r­
h usbands’ successes. Faithfully and
tic u la rs , w rite to S u p ’t o f Im m i­
g ra tio n , O ttaw a, C an ad a , o r to th e
uncom plainingly have they devoted
C a n a d ia n G o v e rn m en t A gent.
th e ir useful lives to th e duties of th e
H. M. WILLIAMS
home and th e upbringing of th eir chil­
413 G ard n er B ldg., Toledo, Ohio
dren, w ith th e fostering care of m oth­
Please write to the agent nearest you
erhood. Uncom plainingly they live ,
and abide in th e environm ents of th© 1
ranch or farm , and day in and day out, !
D R . W IN T E R S
from years end to years end, see
nought of life in th e ir sister world,
save th e occasional visit of a fem ale
Y ou c a n ’t ezpeetaC ongli o r Cold to c u r e it s e l f
friend. T hey ten d erly prepare for
T h is c o n d itio n n e e d s in te llig e n t Treatm ent,
th eir husbahds’ annual outgoing to th©
fro m th e v e ry b e g in n in g —i f d a n g e ro u s com pli­
c a tio n s a r e to b e av o id e d . Neglect a n d Careless­
g reat In ternational Show, and lovingly
ness i n t r e a tin g th is co m m on a ilm e n t b rin g s
d e a th a n d h u n d re d s o f fu n e ra ls e a c h y e a r. Ouraw ait his looked fo r retu rn . It would
Ing th is changeable w eather remember SK. IVINTERS
COUGH CUBE, a p e r fe c t Home Remedy f o r e v e ry
be bu t th e pulling of a little w ider of
m em b er o f th e fa m ily . A sa fe , s u r e a n d s a tis ­
fa c to ry curerfor a l l A e n teo r Chronic Inflammation o f
tho husband’s purse to give to these
th e Nose, T hroat o r Longs. F u lle s t d ire c tio n s a n d
f r e e a d v ic e i f yo n a s k f o r i t . S en d f o r a bo x
adm irable wom en a ta s te of^the fasci­
to d a y . “ Certain Relief Will Follow a Few Doses.”
nations 'and enjoym ents of a w eek’s
S end u s y o u r n a m e a n d w e w ill m a il yo u o u r
F ree circulars and testim onials explaining onr system of
v isit to a g reat city, as w ell as to ex­
home-treatment. “ We teach yon how to stay c u red .”
P ric e by M a ll 50 C ents.
S ix B o x es $3.50.
perience th e delight of seeing th e ex­
DR. WINTERS HOME REMEDY COMPANY, SCHENEOADY, N. Y
hibits passed upon in the'ju d g in g ring.
Such a trip, ap art from th e good th e
change would do them , would serve
-A P P L E T
th e purpose of intense enjoym ent and
Constipation
Vanishes Foreyer
Why Rent a Farm
Become Rich
Li:
Mode of Carrying Baggage.
ing the attention of the world to the
irrigation possibilities of the delta of
the E uphrates and the Tigris. There
is no good reason why th e ancient
productiveness of this d istrict should
not be restored. The w ater is still
available, and the soil is as good as
ever it was. The only reason for its
ancient productiveness—which was so
great th a t Herodotus was afraid to
describe it in full lest his veracity be
questioned—was the system of canals
m aintained by the peoples of old.
For the present it is enough to re­
call th a t a complete and wonderful
system of canals covered all the land
known as lower Mesopotamia. Noth­
ing like it is known in modern tim es;
engineers have freely conceded high
praise to this achievem ent. Not until
Sir W illiam W illcocks took up the
subject, from high hum anitarian mo­
tives, was the re-establishm ent of the
Babylonian canals ever seriously con­
sidered. His prelim inary observations
led him to broach the question, and
five years ago he undertook, on be­
half of the T urkish governm ent, whose
in terest he had enlisted, the, actual
Human Skin Protective.
R ecent experim ents by Doctor En­
gel a t Nauheim show ow perfect is
the protection afforded by th e norm al
skin against th e invasion of liquids
and gases and of dissolved m ineral
and organic elem ents.
His results
seem to render it questionable w heth­
er any elem ents dissolved in w ater
can m arkedly penetrate the tissues
beneath the unbroken skin, even after
prolonged baths.
Few of indlan T ribes Left.
Of the thousands of Mono and
Yosemite Indian tribes who roam ed
the districts in this country m any
years ago only one of each rem ain, accordii}g to the Indian census which
has ju st been com pleted by Miss L.
Tlbbets and C. C. Dorsey, who are
employed by th e govem m enL—San
Francisco Call.
/
Cold Comfort. *
“The In terstate Commerce CommisW hat They Bring Forth.
j«ion did not come to the decision
“And w hat did May show ers bring
w hich the railroads held to b© th© forth?” asked the funny man.
m ost proper and appropriate.”
“Stocking doilies and kitchen uten­
“W hat was th a t? ”
^
sils for the June brides,” replied th©
“A fr©©ze-out fo» ih© Iceman.”
woman who knew.
of the scheme, inasm uch as the Young
Turks refuse to adm it any settlers,
who will not become T urkish subjects.
O therwise the surplus peoples of In­
dia and Egypt, already trained to work
on irrigated land, would quickly find
th eir way here.
Back to the G a rd e n of Eden.
The Immediate results of the new
irrigation are fairly staggering. The
land which within three years will be
calling for se ttlers will, according to
Sir William, be capable a t once of
producing a million tons of w heat and
two million hundredw eight of cotton,
not to m ention rice, dates, beans, bar­
ley, oats, melons, etc. Sir William has
figured out an en tire scheme for the
m ost profitable order of crops. This
schem e is a t the present moment
visualized In ^mountains of new-piled
earth, great canals, throbbing engines,
growling stone-crushers, thum ping piledrivers (which use Lackaw anna piles),
and regim ents of slow and singing
Arab laborers. H ere are in prospect
the freights of the new Bagdad rail­
way.
in terestin g conversation on th eir re­
P w B ia -P ro fit,
(Copyright, 1911, by Joseph B, Bow les.)
tu rn , and if we judge wom en aright,
would instill into th e ir sym pathetic
h earts a desire to still fu rth e r assist
So Buay.
“■We have one of the hardest work­ in th e fu tu re successes of th eir hus­
bands.
ing typew riters in the world.”
The daughters, too, of these people,
“Why do you think so?”
particularly th o se who hav e attained
“Sometimes she pounds Jier mar
or are verging upon early womanhood,
chine for half an hour a t a stretch
would be g reatly im p ro v e d ' b y the REPEESENTATIVES W ANTED. G et in b u siwithout stopping to adjust her back
sights and surroundings of a trip to
y o d r s e lf , b a c h e d t
hair.”
Chicago and th e In tern atio n al Show.
Young m inds are narrow ed by a con­
Plenty of M aterial.
tinuous residence am ong only those of
“T here are m any delightful dishes th eir own lives and h ab its and upon
to be m ade from left-over food.”
such an occasion as this, fath ers
“T hat’s nice,” responded the young should expand still fu rth er th© strings D R . J . D . K E L b O G G ’Sbride. “T here’s a g re a t deal of food of their~i>urses to enable these young
left over since I began doing th© cook­ women to see a t least som e little life,
ing.”
especially w hen un d er ^ e i r own and
th e ir m o th er’s* care.
Ram ady for t h e p rom pt relief o t
Deep W ater.
The*delights of anticipation and th e A sth m a a n d Hay Favor. A sk y o u r
“They^re In society now.”
pleasures of accom plishm ent, are such d r u g g i s t f o r I t . W rite fo r FREE SAMPLE.
“T hat’s BO.”
inexpressible joys to youth th a t i t is NOiiTHPsOF & LYMAN CO. Ud„ BUFFALO. N.Y.
“Do you hear anything like a fain t nothing sh o rt of inconsiderate selfish­
TW
- --n ess to p rev en t such occasional enjoy­
call for help?”
m en t to th e se young people, p articu­ P E n ir S EYE SALVE is what you need
larly w hen i t can b e attain ed a t such
Over the Border.
com paratively little outlay. The good
“How does the w ar go? Which side th a t such trip s accom plish is shown in
REfVIEIVIIBeR
has the advantage now?”
a thousand w ays an d th ere Is n o t a
“T hings are still ra th e r evenly bal­ breeder, feed er o r farm er in th© whole
anced. The regulars and the revolu­ of th© g re a t w est who will n o t realize
f o r C o u c h s 'b C o l ,p s
tionists have each gfdnod ft re c ru it
Gough and Gold Cure
mm
ORCHARDS
STOVES
ASTHMA