My Project is to Review for the Final Exam
Physical Science
Name: ______________________________________________________ Period: ____ Date: _________
Essential Question: How do I prepare for the final exam?
5N
8.5 N
1. What is the net force being exerted on the ball above?
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2. What does the length of each arrow represent?
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3. How much force is required to accelerate a 4 kg mass at 3.6 m/s2?
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4. A net force of 4,500 N acts on a truck with a mass of 1.480 kg. What is the acceleration of the truck?
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5. If mass is constant and the force acting on it doubles, the acceleration__________________________
because______________________________________________________________________________
Equation: F = ma
Find the equation for a=
Find the equation for m=
Where:
F = force
m = mass
a = acceleration
Unit
Newton or Kgm/s2
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______________
6. If the substance on the graph is being heated, what
are the phase changes represented on this graph?
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7. Suppose the material is being heated. What change
of state is represented by line segment A?
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8. Suppose the material is being cooled. What change
of state is represented by line segment B?
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9. What does the person transfer to the rope by
pulling it up and down at point A?
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10. What is the medium through which the wave is
moving?
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11. What does the direction of arrow B indicate?
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12.What kind of wave is being generated?
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13. What does point C represent?
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N
S
S
N
S
N
N
S
S
N
N
S
N
S
N
S
N
S
N
S
N
S
N
S
N
S
N
S
S
N
S
N
14. If three vertical cuts were made in a long bar magnet, which of the combinations above would
result? Draw your answer below.
15. What do the N and S in magnets represent?
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16. Which polarities attract and which repel?
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Series
circuit
Parallel circuit
17. Which of the two circuits on the left is a series
circuit? ___________________________________
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18. Which of the two circuits on the left is a parallel
circuit?
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19. Which of the two circuits on the left will totally
turn off when one of the bulbs get busted?
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20. What two variables are plotted in the graph?
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21. How would you describe Kathy’s motion? What
does such motion mean?
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22. How far did Kathy jog in the first 4 minutes?
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23. What is Kathy’s average speed?
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24. How long after Kathy started jogging did Rachel
begin jogging?
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25. Describe Rachel’s motion at 9 minutes.
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26. Which statement best describes the energy of the ball as it moves from position A to position B?
Remember the Law of Conservation of Energy!
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28. At which point or points is the kinetic energy strongest and weakest?
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29. At which point or points is the potential energy strongest and weakest?
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30. What happens to the mechanical energy that the ball possesses after John catches the ball?
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31. What is the mechanical advantage of the machine ( lever) above?
EQUATION: MA = length of effort arm ÷ length of load or resistance arm.
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32. How many cubes should be placed in the left cup in order to balance the beam?
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Pulley System 1
Pulley System 2
33. What is the mechanical advantage of pulley system 1?
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34. What is the mechanical advantage of pulley system 2?
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35. Compare the mechanical advantage of the two pulley systems shown on the left.
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The table on the left shows the solubility in 100 g of water of
two compounds containing potassium ions.
36. How many grams of potassium iodide ( KI ) can dissolve
in 100 g of water at 20 degree Celsius?
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37. How many grams of potassium chloride ( KCl ) can
dissolve in 100 g of water at 20 degree Celsius?
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38. Which of the two potassium compounds is more soluble
at 20 degree Celsius?
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39. What is the motion that is represented in the Distance-Time
Graph?
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40. What is the motion that is represented in the Velocity-Time
Graph?
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41. What is the unit for Velocity? _______________________
42. What is the unit for acceleration? ____________________
Distance-Time Graph
Velocity-Time Graph
43. Which type of naturally occurring radioactivity results in
an increase in atomic number of an atom?
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44. What particles are the products of the natural radioactive
decay of an atom of uranium-238?
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45. A radioactive isotope of iodine has a half-life of 8 days.
What amount of an 80-gram sample would remain unchanged
after 24 days?
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46. Identity the units for the following variables.
a. Force _________________
f. Work____________
b. distance ______________
g. mass ___________
c. velocity _______________
h. momentum _____________
d. speed ________________
i. weight _________________
e. acceleration ___________
j. Energy __________________
k. density____________
l. volume ____________
m. electric current ______
n. Voltage ____________
o. Potential energy _____
47. Describe the velocity ( m/s) and the
2
acceleration ( m/s ) of a free falling object.
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EQUATIONS: v=distance/time
Example: 20 m/s
a=velocity/time
a=20m/s / 2s
2
a= 10 m/s
Distance and Displacement
Distance is a scalar quantity representing the interval
between two points. Scalar is just the magnitude.
Displacement is a vector quantity and can be defined by
using distance concept. It can be defined as distance
between the initial point and final point of an object. It
must be the shortest interval connecting the initial and
final points, that is a straight line. Let's look at the below
examples for deep understanding. Vector is magnitude and
direction.
http://www.physicstutorials.org/home/mechanics/1d-kinematics/distance-and-displacement
48. What is displacement?
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49. How is displacement different from distance?
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50. What is the difference between scalar and vector quantities?
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Chemical Reactions: Types
There are 6 basic types of chemical reactions such as synthesis reaction, decomposition reaction,
single replacement reaction, double replacement reaction, combustion reaction and acid-base
reaction.
Synthesis Reaction or Combination reaction: In this reaction, two or more simple substances
(reactants) combine together to yield a more complex substance.
2H2 + O2 = 2H2O
Decomposition Reaction: In this type of chemical reaction, a complex substance breaks down into
some simple substances. A single reactant produces two or more products.
2H2O = 2H2+ O2
Single Replacement or Displacement Reaction: In this kind of reaction, a less active element is
replaced by a more active element present in a compound. ZnCl2.
Zn + 2HCL = ZnCl2 + H2
Double Replacement or Displacement Reaction: In this chemical reaction, the cations and anions
of two different substances switch their places to yield two totally different compounds.
AgNO3 + NaCl = AgCl + NaNO3
Combustion: During this chemical reaction, a hydrocarbon is burnt in the presence of oxygen to form
carbon dioxide (in complete combustion), or carbon monoxide (in partial combustion due to a limitd
amount of oxygen).
C10H8 + 12O2 = 10CO2 + 4H2O
Acid-base Reaction: It is a special type of double displacement reaction, which is characterized by
the reaction between an acid and a base. In this chemical reaction, H+ ion in the acid reacts with OHion present in the base, leading to formation of water. Generally, the end products of this reaction are
water and some ionic salts.
HBr + NaOH = NaBr + H2O
Read more at Buzzle: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/types-of-chemical-reactions.html
Do the following:
51. Write the appropriate coefficients to balance the following chemical reactions.
52. Identify the type of chemical reaction.
53. Think about this. Work = Force multiplied by Distance. No matter how much force ( Newton) you
exert if there is no distance ( meter) then there is no force! Are you doing any work when you are
pushing a brick wall with all your might? Explain.
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54. Are you really helping yourself when you just come to school to copy from someone and be
contented with a 70 or D grade? Why?
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Is it Ionic or Covalent? ( Ionic is metal + Non metal while Covalent is Non-metal + Non-metal)
55. NaCl _______________
57. HCl ________________
59. KClO4__________________
56. H2O _______________
58. KOH _______________
60. BaNO3_________________
Parallel Circuit
Series
circuit
In a series circuit the current flows through one globe after another, each being
able to make use of only a part of the energy carried by the current. In a series
circuit, if one of the globes blows and current can no longer pass through it, the
current cannot flow in the circuit at all.
In a parallel circuit the current can pass simultaneously through each globe and
the energy of the current is available to each globe. In a parallel circuit, if one of
the globes blows and current can no longer pass through it, the current can
continue to flow through the rest of the circuit.
61. What kind of circuit will cause all bulbs to stop working when one buld gets
busted?
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62. Which is better parallel or series circuit? Explain. Think!
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http://www1.curriculum.edu.au/sciencepd/electricity/circ_circ.htm
What kind of simple machines are the following? Some machines are combinations of simple machines.
Example: A shovel is a wedge and a lever. Wedge ( inclined plane) for the blade and a lever for the handle
____________________________________________63. Ramp
____________________________________________64. Axe
____________________________________________65. Winding road
____________________________________________66. Crowbar
____________________________________________67. Shovel
____________________________________________68. Bicycle
____________________________________________69. hammer
Long arm
Short arm
Mechanical Advantage: The value of the mechanical advantage tells you how many times the force
needed to move an object is lessened considering a negligible presence of friction. Remember that
simple machine gives you more work but less force required to move an object! Example: When you
drive up the mountain, you pass this long and upward winding road instead of the steep upward and
short way up. It takes you longer to drive up the mountain but requires your car’s engine less force, less
stress climbing. Simple machines provide more work because of the greater distance, but less force.
70. How is the amount of work and force affected by the use of simple machines?
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71. What is the mechanical advantage ( MA) equation for an inclined plane?
72. Find the MA of a ramp with a height of 4 meters and length is 12 meters. How much force do you
need to push a 20 kg box up the ramp?
73. What is the mechanical advantage ( MA) equation for a lever?
Calculate the Mechanical Advantage. Show your Solutions.
 Mechanical advantage refers to how much your force or effort is amplified or made stronger.
 Effort refers to how much force you exert.
 Load refers to how much force the object that you try to move is exerting.
74.
To pull a weed out of a garden, you can apply a force of 50 N to the shovel ( used as level). The
shovel applies a force of 600 N to the weed. What is the mechanical advantage of the shovel?
Mechanical advantage= load/effort
A) 8
B) 10 C) 12 D)15
75. To pry a nail out of a wall, you can apply a force of 50 N to the hammer. The hammer applies a force
of 650 N to the nail. What is the mechanical advantage of the hammer?
A) 10 B) 11
C) 15
D) 13
The basic idea behind an electromagnet is extremely simple: By
running electric current through a wire, you can create a magnetic
field. By using this simple principle, you can create all sorts of things,
including motors, solenoids, read/write heads for hard disks and tape
drives, speakers, and so on. The more copper loops on the iron nail
the stronger the electromagnet. The stronger the power source
(battery) the stronger the electromagnet.
76. How does an electromagnet work?
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77. What is an electromagnet and how can you strengthen it magnetic property?
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78. What wave interaction best explains the production of an image on a glass window as you walk by a store front?
a. diffraction
b. interference c. reflection
d. refraction
79. The bending and change in speed of water waves as they approach a shoreline is explained by what process?
a. diffraction
b. interference c. reflection
d. refraction
If you are under water and your eyes are in direct contact with the water,
objects are not magnified -- it only seems that way. However, if you are looking
into the water from above, objects are not where they appear to be. This is
because light rays are refracted (bent) when passing from one medium into
another. Put a pencil into a glass of water and then look at it through the side of
the glass. You'll note that the pencil appears to be bigger because of refraction
or bending of light.
80. Why do things look bigger underwater?
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