AUGUST
2015
WIM Site Location
WIM #43 is located on US 10 near Moorhead in Clay county.
System Operation
WIM #43 was operational for the entire month of August 2015. Volume was computed
using all monthly data.
System Calibration
WIM #43 was most recently calibrated on 2015-02-04. Table 1 summarizes the front axle
weights of class 9s by lane 1. Table 1 indicates that the class 9 front axle weights were all
within ±9% of baseline calibration values for all lanes. Figure 1 shows the distribution of
gross vehicle weights (GVW) in the Class 9s at this site for the last 12 months of operation 2.
Figure 2 depicts the average front axle weight as a percent difference from the first full
month following calibration.
Summary of Volume Statistics
Total Monthly Volume: 606920 | Passenger Vehicles: 560492 | Heavy Commercial
Vehicles: 46428
Monthly Average Daily Traffic (MADT): 19578 | Monthly Heavy Commercial Average
Daily Traffic (MHCADT): 1498
See Table 2 for vehicle class breakdown
Passenger Vehicles (PVs) and Heavy Commercial Vehicles (HCVs)
Volume trends. EB vehicles typically reached highest volume levels on Fridays, with
lowest volumes reported on Sundays. WB vehicles typically reached highest volume levels
on Sundays, with lowest volumes reported on Wednesdays (see Figure 3 and 4).
Passenger Vehicles (PVs)
Volume trends. On an average 24-hour day (see Figure 5), EB PVs generally reached peak
volume levels between 03 PM and 05 PM. Similarly, WB PVs peaked in volume between 07
AM and 05 PM
Heavy Commercial Vehicles (HCVs)
Volume trends. On an average 24-hour day, HCVs traveling EB typically reached peak
volume levels between 03 PM and 05 PM, while volume going WB peaked between 07 AM
and 05 PM. See Figure 6. Out of all HCVs, the two highest traffic volumes were generated by
Class 9's and Class 5's.
Overweight HCVs
Volume trends. Of a total of 46428 HCVs, 8061 of them were overweight 3. These
overweight HCVs contributed to 1.3% of total monthly volume, and 17.5% of total monthly
HCV volume. EB overweight vehicles typically reached highest numbers on Wednesdays,
with lowest volumes reported on Sundays. WB overweight vehicles tended to reach highest
volumes on Tuesdays, with lowest volumes reported on Saturdays. See Figure 3 .
The top two overweight violators by class were the class 9 and class 10 vehicles . Overall,
overweight vehicles tended to reach peak volume concentrations during typical business
hours, with 53.5% of all overweight vehicles traveling WB this month (see Figure 7 & 8).
Figure 9 shows the number of vehicles exceeding 88,000 pounds that crossed the WIM over
the last 12 months. The highest number of 88,000+ vehicles within the last 12 months
occurred in April.
WIMs are currently used as a screening tool for weight enforcement, and it is estimated
that the WIM scales can measure gross vehicle weights (GVW) within 90-95% of static
weight scale measurements. Due to the possibility of measurement error, vehicles
exceeding 10% of their legal weight limits (or 1.1 times their legal weight limits) are
considered overweight in this report 4.
Using normal load limits ,1670 EB vehicles exceeded 88,000 pounds (1279 vehicles were
Class 9's; 253 vehicles were Class 10's). Of vehicles traveling WB,
217 EB vehicles exceeded 88,000 pounds (94 vehicles were Class 13's; 80 vehicles were
Class 10's). Refer to Table 3 for the Top 10 highest recorded GVWs from Classes 9 and 10
from August 2015.
Loaded vs. Unloaded HCVs. Figure 10 shows the GVW distributions of Class 9s and 10s in
August 2015. Data suggests that there were greater numbers of empty Class 9's than
fully_loaded Class 9's traveling EB, while there were more fully_loaded Class 9's than empty
traveling WB. Data also suggests that there were more empty Class 10's than fully_loaded
traveling in the EB direction. In the WB direction, there were more fully_loaded class 10
vehicles.
Freight Totals. A total of 399366 tons of freight was recorded to have crossed the WIM.
More freight was shipped WB (56.6%) than EB (43.4%). See Table 4 and Figure 11 for
more freight information.
Infrastructure Considerations
Bridge. Bridge No. 8528 (a box culvert) is approximately 1.3 miles east of WIM #43.
Bridges No. 14001 and 5854 are approximately 0.8 miles west of WIM #43. US 10 also
crosses the Buffalo River, specifically via Bridges No. 14001 (carrying EB traffic) and 5854
(carrying WB traffic). WIM #43 recorded a total of 606920 vehicles with a combined GVW
of 4603766 kips (1 kip = 1,000 pounds = 0.5 tons) in August 2015. See Table 5 and Figures
12-13 for GVW information by vehicle class and lane.
Pavement Design. A total of 36473 equivalent single axle loads (ESALs) passed over the
pavement at this site. Approximately 53.8% of all ESALs were recorded EB while 46.2%
was observed WB. In particular, 57% of all ESALs were generated by the Class 9's (Class 9's
were also responsible for generating 22% of total GVW observed this month). See Table 6
and Figures 14-15 for more information on ESALs (Table 6 also provides flexible ESAL
factors for each vehicle class using a terminal serviceability of 2.5 and a structural number
of 5).
WIM monthly reports can be found at: http://www.dot.state.mn.us/traffic/data/reportsmonthly-wimnew.html
MnDOT's vehicle classification scheme and vehicle class groupings for traffic forecasting
can be found at: http://www.dot.state.mn.us/traffic/data/data-products.html#weight
To request this document in an alternative format, please call 651-366-4718 or 1-800-6573774, or email your request to [email protected]. Please request at least one
week in advance.
•
1
•
Previous WIM research indicates that unloaded Class 9s typically weigh 28-32 kips,
while loaded Class 9s generally fall in the 70-80 kip range. More recent data from
several WIM sites suggests that the unloaded Class 9 range may have moved a little
higher over time (due to increased presence of sleeper cabs, etc.), although these
ranges are also thought to be site-specific.
•
•
Front axle weights of Class 9s are monitored on a monthly basis to assure
performance between calibrations. The current goal of the WIM scale calibration is to
have each individual axle weight stay within a range of ±9% of baseline calibration
values
2
An HCV is considered overweight during normal load limits in this report if they
satisfy any of the following 1) exceed a gross vehicle weight (GVW) of 80,000 pounds,
2) exceed any of the legal weight maximums on any axle configurations (legal
maximums are: single axle = 20,000 pounds; tandem axles spaced 8' or less = 34,000
pounds; tridem axles spaced 9' or less = 43,000 pounds; quad axles spaced 13' or less
= 51,000 pounds). Monthly reports use this standard regardless of the time of year
however, the Winter Load Increase (WLI) allows a 10% across the board increase in
axle and gross vehicle weights without a permit on US, state routes, and county roads.
An HCV is considered overweight during Winter Load Increase(WLI) if they satisfy any
of the following 1) exceed a gross vehicle weight (GVW) of 88,000 pounds, 2) exceed
any of the legal weight maximums on any axle configurations (legal maximums are:
single axle = 22,000 pounds; tandem axles spaced 8' or less = 37,400 pounds; tridem
axles spaced 9' or less = 47,300 pounds; quad axles spaced 13' or less = 56,100
pounds). An overweight HCV is only included once in the overweight volume
calculations regardless of how many of the aforementioned conditions are violated.
For information on MN weight limit dates and statutes:
http://www.mrr.dot.state.mn.us/research/seasonal_load_limits/sllindex.asp
3
For example, Class 9s and 10s can legally have gross vehicle weights up to 80,000 lbs
(with the exception of permitted loads) during normal load limits. To account for
measurement error on the WIM scales, those exceeding 10% of the legal GVW
4
maximum (or 1.1 times the legal GVW) should be screened (e.g., 80,000 lbs + 8,000 lbs
= 88,000 lbs). Similarly during WLI vehicles weighing 96,800 lbs should be screened.
Vehicle
Weights
(Kips)
Sep
2014
Oct
2014
Nov
2014
Dec
2014
Jan
2015
Feb
2015
Mar
2015
Apr
2015
May
2015
Jun
2015
Jul
2015
Aug
2015
88-90
84
103
72
76
111
162
514
776
690
748
693
690
90-92
57
88
81
77
78
108
327
563
402
520
423
444
92-94
54
64
63
67
44
96
180
311
212
261
185
253
94-96
43
65
47
74
43
77
108
154
116
109
100
138
96-98
28
55
37
90
30
46
95
122
71
93
67
95
98-100
12
28
27
72
28
27
93
95
46
53
54
65
>100
40
69
77
165
43
110
255
258
207
228
136
194
Total
318
472
404
621
377
626
1572
2279
1744
2012
1658
1879
Table 1 Class 9 Front Axle Weight by Lane
Lane 1
(Kips)
Front Axle
+/- 9%
Lane 2
(Kips)
Front Axle
+/- 9%
Lane 3
(Kips)
Front Axle
+/- 9%
Lane 4
(kips)
Front Axle
+/- 9%
March
2015
12.58
0.00
11.72
0.00
10.94
0.00
10.81
0.00
April 2015
12.58
-0.06
11.63
-0.82
11.03
0.81
11.05
2.25
May 2015
12.54
-0.36
11.70
-0.16
11.47
4.90
11.34
4.88
June 2015
12.57
-0.11
11.68
-0.38
11.61
6.13
11.26
4.16
July 2015
12.55
-0.25
11.81
0.79
11.55
5.63
11.22
3.76
August
2015
12.59
0.04
11.62
-0.86
11.56
5.72
11.18
3.37
Month
Table 2 Vehicle Classification Data
Vehicle
Class
Monthly Average
Daily Volume
Monthly Total
Volume
Monthly Total Volume
Percentage
Monthly Total
Overweight Vehicles
Monthly Total
Overweight Percentage
1
12
371
0.1
0
0
2
11163
346040
57
0
0
3
6906
214082
35.3
0
0
4
52
1601
0.3
295
3.7
5
381
11819
1.9
255
3.2
6
118
3657
0.6
350
4.3
7
23
702
0.1
420
5.2
8
87
2710
0.4
146
1.8
9
652
20206
3.3
3818
47.4
10
94
2912
0.5
1548
19.2
11
7
208
0
18
0.2
12
2
71
0
34
0.4
13
82
2541
0.4
1177
14.6
TOTAL
19578
606920
100
8061
100
Table 3 Top 10 Gross Vehicle Weight, Class 9 and 10
Date
Day of Week
Time
Vehicle Class
Direction
Lane
GVW (lbs)
2015-08-24
Monday
14:00:32
10
WB
4
126.22
2015-08-05
Wednesday
11:33:54
10
EB
1
115.39
2015-08-02
Sunday
16:51:12
10
EB
1
114.98
2015-08-03
Monday
19:47:27
10
WB
4
114.77
2015-08-05
Wednesday
07:56:57
10
EB
1
112.13
2015-08-24
Monday
14:15:47
10
EB
1
110.76
2015-08-22
Saturday
12:30:02
10
WB
4
110.04
2015-08-06
Thursday
19:57:45
10
EB
1
109.94
2015-08-18
Tuesday
10:31:51
10
EB
1
109.81
2015-08-11
Tuesday
19:00:30
10
EB
1
109.2
Table 4 Freight Summary
Total
Number
of
Vehicles
Total
Weight of
Vehicles
with
Freight
(Kips)
Vehicle Class
Direction
Weight of
Empty
Vehicle
(Kips)
4
EB
15
718
86
12
20546
1166
5533
5
EB
8
6025
404
6.7
84159
3000
19595
6
EB
19
2208
41
1.9
71342
720
15084
7
EB
11.5
90
0
0
5160
0
2062
8
EB
31
1729
390
22.6
51469
7956
4980
9
EB
33
12312
1413
11.5
572916
43045
106624
10
EB
33.5
939
103
11
52924
2938
12459
11
EB
36.5
106
29
27.4
4418
711
804
12
EB
36.5
38
7
18.4
2448
176
658
13
EB
31.5
153
0
0
15662
0
5421
TOTAL
****
****
24318
2473
****
881043
****
173222
Total Weight of
Empty Vehicles
(Kips)
Total
Weight of
Freight
(Tons)
Number of
Empty
Vehicles
Percentage
of Empty
Vehicles
Total
Number
of
Vehicles
Number of
Empty
Vehicles
Percentage
of Empty
Vehicles
Total
Weight of
Vehicles
with
Freight
(Kips)
Total Weight of
Empty Vehicles
(Kips)
Total
Weight of
Freight
(Tons)
Vehicle Class
Direction
Weight of
Empty
Vehicle
(Kips)
4
WB
15
867
129
14.9
25552
1633
7241
5
WB
8
5676
925
16.3
68989
6619
15490
6
WB
19
1413
161
11.4
43888
2767
10050
7
WB
11.5
605
1
0.2
36113
9
14584
8
WB
31
954
581
60.9
14269
12150
1353
9
WB
33
7693
2162
28.1
338353
60299
77915
10
WB
33.5
1944
70
3.6
145089
2011
41155
11
WB
36.5
100
43
43
2689
1002
304
12
WB
36.5
32
8
25
1793
197
458
13
WB
31.5
2363
0
0
189620
0
57593
TOTAL
****
****
21647
4080
****
866355
****
226144
GRAND TOTAL
****
****
45965
6553
315
1747399
146399
399366
Table 5 Gross Vehicle Weight by Class and Lane
Vehicle Class
EB Driving Lane
EB Passing Lane
WB Passing Lane
WB Driving Lane
Total
Percentage
1
129
64
61
205
459
0
2
474982
223948
197163
462901
1358995
29.6
3
492833
199531
170630
480528
1343524
29.2
4
18569
3143
1429
25756
48897
1.1
5
69463
17696
14232
61376
162767
3.5
6
65232
6829
3267
43388
118717
2.6
7
4788
372
1113
35010
41282
0.9
8
53344
6080
2321
24098
85844
1.9
9
562256
53705
18200
380451
1014613
22.1
10
50296
5566
5903
141197
202962
4.4
11
5107
22
22
3669
8820
0.2
12
2488
136
217
1773
4614
0.1
13
14295
1368
7836
181784
205282
4.5
TOTAL
1813782
518462
422395
1842137
4596775
100
GVW/LANE
39.46
11.28
9.19
40.07
100
0
Table 6 ESALs by Class and Lane and Flexible ESAL Factors
Vehicle Class
EB Driving
Lane
EB Passing
Lane
WB Passing
Lane
WB Driving
Lane
Total
Percentage
Flexible ESAL
Factor
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0027
2
63
30
22
47
161
0.45
0.001
3
209
75
54
155
493
1.36
0.0047
4
545
90
23
554
1212
3.35
1.53
5
1084
135
119
756
2095
5.79
0.36
6
1372
123
62
861
2418
6.68
1.34
7
150
11
24
635
819
2.26
2.35
8
887
71
25
304
1288
3.56
0.96
9
11963
803
290
7665
20721
57.28
2.07
10
1090
93
122
2798
4103
11.34
2.84
11
122
0
0
30
152
0.42
1.46
12
54
2
4
39
100
0.28
2.59
13
404
48
86
2071
2609
7.21
2.07
TOTAL
17944
1481
833
15914
36172
100
18
ESALS/LANE
49.6
4.1
2.3
44
100
--
--
Table 7 Site Summary: Volume and Vehicle Class
Month
Total
Volume
Monthly
ADT
Monthly
HCADT
Passenger
Vehicles
Passenger
Vehicles
%
Heavy
Commercial
Vehicles
Heavy
Commercial
Vehicles %
Heavy
Commercial
Vehicles in
Driving
Lane %
Heavy
Commercial
Vehicles in
Passing
Lane %
Oct 2014
549455
17724
1800
493640
89.8
55815.3
10.2
87.5
12.5
Nov 2014
447573
14919
1289
408910
91.4
38663.4
8.6
89
11
Dec 2014
460411
14852
972
430286
93.5
30124.7
6.5
88.7
11.3
Jan 2015
422813
13639
891
395198
93.5
27615.3
6.5
89.5
10.5
Feb 2015
377219
13472
823
354188
93.9
23030.9
6.1
90.8
9.2
Mar 2015
459305
14816
1014
427876
93.2
31429.3
6.8
90.5
9.5
Apr 2015
502112
16737
1420
459523
91.5
42589.2
8.5
89.6
10.4
May 2015
590210
19039
1402
546743
92.6
43466.8
7.4
87.4
12.6
Jun 2015
611325
20378
1670
561211
91.8
50114.4
8.2
87.6
12.4
Jul 2015
641394
20690
1568
592789
92.4
48605.5
7.6
87.6
12.4
Aug 2015
606920
19578
1498
560492
92.4
46427.7
7.6
88.2
11.8
TOTAL
5668737
--
--
5230856
--
437882
--
--
--
AVERAGE
515340
16895
1304
475532
92
39807
8
89
11
ESALs
Month
ESALS EB
Passing
Lane
ESALS EB
Driving
Lane
ESALS WB
Driving
Lane
ESALS WB
Passing
Lane
Total
ESALS
Driving
Lane
ESALS %
Passing
Lane
ESALS %
Pavement Life
Decrease
Months
Oct 2014
14621
1798
881
13472
30772
91
9
6.3
Nov 2014
9847
1183
517
11398
22945
93
7
1.7
Dec 2014
8221
1099
403
8372
18095
92
8
3.7
Jan 2015
7588
728
324
7430
16070
93
7
6.2
Feb 2015
9267
539
350
5980
16136
94
6
26.4
Mar 2015
14820
1052
357
8339
24567
94
6
41.3
Apr 2015
19735
1619
650
13628
35633
94
6
42.3
May 2015
16700
1826
772
14525
33824
92
8
31
Jun 2015
19156
2001
912
16673
38742
92
8
35.7
Jul 2015
18165
1835
954
15817
36771
92
8
32.1
36.4
Aug 2015
18129
1500
833
16011
36473
94
6
TOTAL
156250
15181
6953
131646
310030
--
--
--
AVERAGE
14204
1380
632
11968
28184
93
7
24
Gross Vehicle Weight
Month
GVW EB Passing Lane
GVW EB Driving
Lane
GVW WB Passing
Lane
GVW WB Driving Lane
Total GVW Kips
Oct 2014
1094072
269057
233960
1101755
2698844
Nov 2014
1044165
183279
218047
964011
2409503
Dec 2014
1383254
303211
262098
1219818
3168381
Jan 2015
1664713
405059
317296
1567357
3954425
Feb 2015
1737674
531214
402516
1726303
4397706
Mar 2015
1892485
584908
431885
1892670
4801947
Apr 2015
1901445
591357
444905
1872731
4810437
May 2015
1817100
519037
422441
1845187
4603766
Jun 2015
1713835
463876
369063
1733400
4280174
Jul 2015
1312458
337592
270234
1423918
3344203
Aug 2015
1193054
340648
264614
1229763
3028079
TOTAL
16754255
4529238
3637060
16576913
41497466
AVERAGE
1523114
411749
330642
1506992
3772497
Overweight Vehicles
Month
Total Number of
Overweight Vehicles
Overweight / Total
Volume
Overweight / Heavy
Commercial Volume
Number Over
88,000 lbs
Number Over
98,000 lbs
Oct 2014
4058
0.8
7.4
466
92
Nov 2014
3737
0.8
9.8
402
102
Dec 2014
2830
0.6
9.4
618
234
Jan 2015
2183
0.5
7.9
373
67
Feb 2015
2823
0.8
12.3
622
135
Mar 2015
4967
1.1
15.9
1571
347
Apr 2015
8725
1.8
20.7
2271
348
May 2015
8161
1.4
18.9
1729
244
Jun 2015
8980
1.5
18
1999
272
Jul 2015
8231
1.3
17
1653
187
Aug 2015
8075
1.3
17.5
1866
254
TOTAL
62770
--
--
13570
2282
AVERAGE
5706.4
1.1
14.1
1233.6
207.5
Freight
Month
EB Freight Tons
WB Freight Tons
Total Freight
EB Freight %
WB Freight %
Oct 2014
174897
250485
425382
41.1
58.9
Nov 2014
119034
192334
311368
38.2
61.8
Dec 2014
105141
116167
221309
47.5
52.5
Jan 2015
97290
92365
189654
51.3
48.7
Feb 2015
95256
71845
167101
57
43
Mar 2015
147931
114655
262586
56.3
43.7
Apr 2015
202335
203413
405748
49.9
50.1
May 2015
171649
212643
384292
44.7
55.3
Jun 2015
193600
249307
442907
43.7
56.3
Jul 2015
177227
228257
405484
43.7
56.3
Aug 2015
173222
226144
399366
43.4
56.6
TOTAL
1657582
1957614
3615196
--
--
AVERAGE
150689.3
177964.9
328654.2
47
53