NAFTA AND YOU iStockphoto By Ignacio Pinto-Leon 26 GPSOLO "QSJM.BZ Published in GP Solo, Volume 28, Number 3, April/May 2011 © 2011 by the American Bar Association. Reproduced with permission. All rights reserved. This information or any portion thereof may not be copied or disseminated in any form or by any means or stored in an electronic database or retrieval system without the express written consent of the American Bar Association. T IF /PSUI "NFSJDBO 'SFF 5SBEF "HSFFNFOU/"'5" JTBSFHJPOBM BHSFFNFOUBNPOHUIFHPWFSONFOUT PG$BOBEB.FYJDPBOEUIF6OJUFE 4UBUFTUIBUQSPWJEFTUIFMFHBMGSBNFXPSLUPJNQMFNFOUBGSFFUSBEF BSFBPOFPGUIFCJHHFTUJOUIFXPSME CZUIFTJ[FPGJUTNFNCFSTDPNCJOFEQPQVMBUJPOBOEHSPTTEPNFTUJDQSPEVDUXJUIJOUIF UFSSJUPSZPGUIFUISFFDPVOUSJFT /"'5"DSFBUFTOFXCVTJOFTTPQQPSUVOJUJFT GPSCVTJOFTTQFPQMFBOEEJSFDUMZBOEJOEJSFDUMZGPSUIFMBXZFSTTFSWJOHUIFNJODMVEJOH TPMPBOETNBMMåSNBUUPSOFZT#FGPSF/"'5" TVDIMFHBMTFSWJDFTXFSFUSBEJUJPOBMMZSFTFSWFEUP CJHBOENJETJ[FMBXGJSNTCVUOPXMBXGJSNT PGBMMTJ[FTBSFHFUUJOHCVTJOFTTEFSJWFEGSPN UIF$BOBEBo.FYJDPo6OJUFE4UBUFTUSBEFBOE JOWFTUNFOU#FDBVTF/"'5"IBTQSPWJEFEOFX BOEJODSFBTFECVTJOFTTPQQPSUVOJUJFTUPCJH NFEJVNBOETNBMMHPPETBOETFSWJDFUSBEFST BOEJOWFTUPSTJUJTSFMFWBOUOPUPOMZUPCJHBOE NJETJ[FGJSNTCVUBMTPUPUIFTNBMMGJSNTBOE TPMFQSBDUJUJPOFSTUIBUNBZTFSWFUIFTFUSBEFST BOEJOWFTUPST Overview of NAFTA /"'5"FOUFSFEJOUPGPSDFPO+BOVBSZ BOEHSBEVBMMZFMJNJOBUFENPTUPGUIFUBSJGGBOE OPOUBSJGGCBSSJFSTUPUSBEFBNPOHJUTNFNCFST NPSFUIBOUSJQMJOHDSPTTCPSEFSNPWFNFOUPG HPPETBOETFSWJDFT0GUIFUISFF/"'5"DPVOUSJFT.FYJDPDIBOHFEUIFNPTUBGUFSTJHOJOH 8IFSFBT/"'5"NFSFMZTVQFSTFEFEBOEFYQBOEFEUIFUIFOJOGPSDF$BOBEBo6OJUFE4UBUFT 'SFF5SBEF"HSFFNFOUJUHBWF.FYJDPBOFX QBSUOFSTIJQXJUIUXPåOBODJBMHJBOUT.FYJDP XBTDPNJOHGSPNBQMBOOFEFDPOPNZXJUIB NBSLFUSFTUSJDUFEUPJNQPSUTBOEGPSFJHOJOWFTUNFOUBOEJUIBECFHVOUPUSBOTJUJPOHSBEVBMMZ JOUPBOPQFONBSLFUFDPOPNZTUBSUJOHJOUIF NJET /"'5"JTOPUBOFDPOPNJDBMBOEQPMJUJDBMVOJPOBTUIF&VSPQFBO6OJPO&BDI/PSUI "NFSJDBODPVOUSZLFFQTJUTPXODVSSFODZUIF "HSFFNFOUEPFTOPUQSPWJEFGPSGSFFGMPXPG QFSTPOTBOEUIFSFBSFOPUUSJOBUJPOBMSFQSFTFOUBUJWFCPEJFTTVDIBTUIF&VSPQFBO1BSMJBNFOU 5IFGSFFUSBEFBSFBBNPOH$BOBEB.FYJDP Ignacio Pinto-Leon is founder and director of JurisMex Corp., a Houston, Texas, firm providing legal assistance in Mexican law for clients and lawyers in the United States; he may be reached at JHOBDJPQJOUP!KVSJTNFYDPN BOEUIF6OJUFE4UBUFTJTBOFYBNQMFPGFOIBODFE DPNQFUJUJWFOFTTBOEPQFOOFTTPXJOHUPHMPCBMJ[BUJPO(MPCBMJ[BUJPOJTOFJUIFSHPPEOPSCBE CVUJUJTTVSFMZJOFTDBQBCMF Structure of NAFTA /"'5"DPWFSTBWBSJFUZPGBSFBTSFMFWBOUUPJOUFSOBUJPOBMUSBEFBOEJOWFTUNFOUJOBDPNQSFIFOTJWFGBTIJPO t /BUJPOBMUSFBUNFOUBOENBSLFUBDDFTTGPS HPPETUBSJGGSFEVDUJPO t 3VMFTPGPSJHJO t $VTUPNTQSPDFEVSFTDFSUJGJDBUJPOPG PSJHJO t &OFSHZBOECBTJDQFUSPDIFNJDBMTXJUI IFBWZSFTFSWBUJPOTCZ.FYJDPJOFYQMPSBUJPOQSPEVDUJPOBOEJOWFTUNFOUPOUIFTF LFZBSFBTJOBDDPSEBODFXJUIJUTDPOTUJUVUJPOBMMZNBOEBUFETUBUFNPOPQPMZJO QMBDFBGUFS t "HSJDVMUVSFBOETBOJUBSZBOEQIZUPTBOJUBSZNFBTVSFT t *OWFTUNFOU JODMVEJOH B EJTQVUF SFTPMVUJPONFDIBOJTNGPSDMBJNTCZJOWFTUPSTBHBJOTUNFNCFSTUBUFT t 'JOBODJBMTFSWJDFT t *OUFMMFDUVBMQSPQFSUZ t 3FWJFXBOEEJTQVUFTFUUMFNFOUJOBOUJEVNQJOHBOEDPVOUFSWBJMJOHEVUZNBUUFST /"'5"BMTPJODMVEFTUXPTJEFBHSFFNFOUT POFOWJSPONFOUBMBOEMBCPSTUBOEBSET What Has NAFTA Done in 17 Years? /"'5"IBTCFFOBDPNNFSDJBMTVDDFTT"DDPSEJOHUPEBUBGSPNUIF0GGJDFPGUIF64 5SBEF3FQSFTFOUBUJWF/"'5"MJOLTNJMMJPOQFPQMFQSPEVDJOHUSJMMJPOXPSUIPG HPPETBOETFSWJDFT64HPPETBOETFSWJDFT USBEFXJUI/"'5"UPUBMFEUSJMMJPOJO GPSNPSFTFFXXXVTUSHPWUSBEFBHSFFNFOUT GSFFUSBEFBHSFFNFOUTOPSUIBNFSJDBOGSFF USBEFBHSFFNFOUOBGUB &YQPSUTUPUBMFE CJMMJPOJNQPSUTUPUBMFECJMMJPO5IF64 HPPETBOETFSWJDFTUSBEFEFGJDJUXJUI/"'5" XBTCJMMJPOJO64GPSFJHOEJSFDUJOWFTUNFOU'%* JO/"'5"DPVOUSJFTXBT CJMMJPOJO/"'5"DPVOUSJFT'%*JOUIF 6OJUFE4UBUFTXBTCJMMJPO NAFTA Downsides? 4PNFPCTFSWFSTMPWF/"'5"TPNFIBUFJUCVU UIFWBTUNBKPSJUZBSFJOEJGGFSFOU/"'5"IBT CFFODSJUJDJ[FEJOBMMUISFFDPVOUSJFTPGUIFGSFF USBEFBSFBJOWBSJBCMZBQBSUJDVMBSHSPVQJOPOF DPVOUSZXJMMBMMFHFUIBUUIFPUIFSUXPOBUJPOT GPSOLO "QSJM.BZ Published in GP Solo, Volume 28, Number 3, April/May 2011 © 2011 by the American Bar Association. Reproduced with permission. All rights reserved. This information or any portion thereof may not be copied or disseminated in any form or by any means or stored in an electronic database or retrieval system without the express written consent of the American Bar Association. 27 NAFTA continues to create professional opportunities for solos and small law firms. BSFPCUBJOJOHUIFCFOFå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t NAFTAClaimsXXXOBGUBDMBJNTDPN "XFCTJUFXJUIJOGPSNBUJPOPOBMMSFQPSUFEJOWFTUPSTUBUF/"'5"EJTQVUFTJODMVEJOHMFHBMEPDVNFOUT t NAFTA Research Guide by Duke LawXXXMBXEVLFFEVMJCSFTFBSDIHVJEFT OBGUB "HPPEXFCTJUFXJUIMJOLTUPUIFUFYUPGUIFBHSFFNFOUCBDLHSPVOEJOGPSNBUJPOEJTQVUFSFTPMVUJPOMFHJTMBUJPOBOEMFHJTMBUJWFIJTUPSZBOE*OUFSOFU TPVSDFT t NAFTA Resources at the University of Texas at Austin IUUQMBOJDVUFYBT FEVMBNFYJDPOBGUBJOEFYIUNM 5IJTTJUFJODMVEFTEPDVNFOUTBOEQVCMJDBUJPOT BTXFMMBTBDBEFNJDBOEUSBEFSFTPVSDFT t NAFTA Secretariat XXXOBGUBTFDBMFOBPSH 5IFPGåDJBMXFCQBHFPGUIF 4FDSFUBSJBUPG/"'5"XIJDIBENJOJTUFSTUIFNFDIBOJTNTTQFDJGJFEVOEFS /"'5"UPSFTPMWFUSBEFEJTQVUFTBNPOHOBUJPOBMJOEVTUSJFTBOEPSHPWFSONFOUT PGUIFGSFFUSBEFBSFB t Understanding NAFTA XXXOBGUBXPSLTPSH "XFCTJUFJOQMBJO&OHMJTIFYQMBJOJOH/"'5"JUTCFOFåUTBOEEPXOTJEFTBOEQFOEJOHJTTVFT 28 GPSOLO "QSJM.BZ UJPOBMJTNTPWFSFJHOUZBOEIJTUPSZ QSJWBUJ[JOHUIFTFDUPSPSFWFOBMMPXJOH NVDIOFFEFEQSJWBUFQBSUOFSTIJQTXJUI TUBUFPXOFE1FUSØMFPT.FYJDBOPT1FNFY .FYJDPTPJMBOEHBTDPNQBOZ BOE $PNJTJØO'FEFSBMEF&MFDUSJDJEBE $'& .FYJDPTFMFDUSJDDPNQBOZ XPVMEMJLFMZSFTVMUJODPOUSPWFSTZBOEDPNFXJUIB IJHIFMFDUPSBMDPTUUPBOZ.FYJDBOQPMJUJDJBOQSPQPTJOHTVDINFBTVSFT #FZPOEJUTDSJUJDTBOETIPSUDPNJOHT /"'5"TTVDDFTTTIPVMECFDPOTJEFSFE JOMJHIUPGJUTQVSQPTFTBTTUBUFEJO"SUJDMF /"'5"IBTTVDDFFEFEJOJODSFBTJOH DPNNFSDJBMUSBEFBNPOHJUTNFNCFST*U JTOPUBEFFQFSVOJPOPSUIFSFNFEZGPSBMM JOFRVJUJFT Current State of NAFTA 5IFMFWFMPGUSBEFBOEJOWFTUNFOUBNPOH $BOBEB.FYJDPBOEUIF6OJUFE4UBUFT GPMMPXTUIFFDPOPNJDNPPEPGUIFDPVOUSJFT/"'5"JTCZOPNFBOTJNNVOFUP DSJTJTBOESFDFTTJPO/PXBEBZTUIFUJEFJT MPXBTBSFUIFFDPOPNJFTPG/PSUI"NFSJDBCVUOPEPVCUJUXJMMSJTFBHBJOJOTZOD XJUIUIFåOBODJBMJOEJDBUPSTPGJUTNFNCFSTBTJUIBTEPOFJOUIFQBTU 0OFUPQJDEFMJCFSBUFMZMFGUPVUGSPN /"'5"JTUIFGSFFýPXPGQFPQMFBNPOH UIFGSFFUSBEFBSFB.FYJDPJTWFSZEJGGFSFOUJODPNQPTJUJPOUIBOUIFPUIFSUXP /"'5"DPVOUSJFTJONZPQJOJPO$BOBEB BOEUIF6OJUFE4UBUFTBSFVOXJMMJOHBU MFBTUBUUIJTQPJOUUPESBGUBNPEJåDBUJPO UPUIF"HSFFNFOUUPQSPWJEFGPSPQFOCPSEFSTXJUIJOUIFGSFFUSBEFBSFB -JLFXJTFUIFJTTVFPG.FYJDPTQPTJUJPOPOFOFSHZBOECBTJDQFUSPDIFNJDBMT JTQSPCBCMZHPJOHUPSFNBJOBTJUJTVOUJM UIF.FYJDBO$POTUJUVUJPOJTBNFOEFEUP BMMPXQSJWBUFQSPEVDUJPOBOEJOWFTUNFOU NAFTA Opportunities for Solos and Small Law Firms #FGPSF/"'5"USBEFBOEJOWFTUNFOU BNPOH$BOBEB.FYJDPBOEUIF6OJUFE 4UBUFTXBTDPOEVDUFENPTUMZCZCJHDPSQPSBUJPOT(FOFSBMMZCJHMBXåSNTDBUFS UPTVDIDPSQPSBUJPOTBOEDPOTFRVFOUMZ TNBMMFSåSNTBOETPMFQSBDUJUJPOFSTXFSF OPUHFUUJOHNVDIPGUIFMFHBMXPSLEFSJWFEGSPNJOUFSOBUJPOBMCVTJOFTTBNPOH /PSUI"NFSJDBOT "GUFS/"'5"NPSFNJEBOETNBMM Published in GP Solo, Volume 28, Number 3, April/May 2011 © 2011 by the American Bar Association. Reproduced with permission. All rights reserved. This information or any portion thereof may not be copied or disseminated in any form or by any means or stored in an electronic database or retrieval system without the express written consent of the American Bar Association. TJ[F$BOBEJBO.FYJDBOBOE"NFSJDBO QMBZFSTCFHBOUPUSBEFBOEJOWFTUJOUIF SFHJPO4PMPTBOETNBMMMBXGJSNTGSFRVFOUMZSFQSFTFOUTVDIQMBZFSTFJUIFSGPS JOCPVOEPSPVUCPVOEUSBOTBDUJPOTPSGPS EJTQVUFSFTPMVUJPOUIFJSQBSUJDJQBUJPOBT DPVOTFMIBTHSPXOBDDPSEJOHMZ 4PNF/"'5"BSFBTIBWFBEJSFDU JNQBDUPOUIFQSBDUJDFPGMBXJO/PSUI "NFSJDBXIFSFBTTPNFPUIFSTIBWFBO JOEJSFDUJNQBDU Direct Impact Intellectual property. /"'5"FYQBOEFE UIFQSPUFDUJPOPGDPQZSJHIUUSBEFNBSLT QBUFOUTBOEUSBEFTFDSFUTBGGPSEFECZ .FYJDPCFGPSF/"'5"NFNCFST BHSFFEUPDPNQMZXJUIUIF(FOFWB$POWFOUJPO#FSOF$POWFOUJPO1BSJT$POWFOUJPOBOE6107$POWFOUJPO5IJTXBT BOJNQPSUBOUEFWFMPQNFOUGPS.FYJDP XIJDIQSFWJPVTMZIBEOPUCFFOPOQBS XJUIUIF6OJUFE4UBUFTPS$BOBEBJOJUT QSPUFDUJPOPGJOUFMMFDUVBMQSPQFSUZ Immigration law. /"'5"QSPWJEFTGPS UFNQPSBSZFOUSZUPCVTJOFTTQFSTPOTPGPOF PGJUTNFNCFSTUBUFTTFFLJOHUPFOHBHFJO BCVTJOFTTBDUJWJUZJOPOFPGUIFUXPPUIFS NFNCFSTUBUFTJOBQSPGFTTJPOTFUPVUJO POFPGUIF/"'5""QQFOEJYFT5IF6OJUFE 4UBUFTDSFBUFEWJTBEFTJHOBUJPO5/TQFDJåDBMMZUPBMMPXDFSUBJO$BOBEJBOBOE.FYJDBO QSPGFTTJPOBMTUPFOUFSUFNQPSBSJMZUPXPSL JOUIF6OJUFE4UBUFTGPSB64FOUFSQSJTF PSFOUJUZTJNJMBSMZ$BOBEBJTTVFT/"'5" XPSLQFSNJUTUP.FYJDBOTBOE64DJUJ[FOT TFFLJOHUPXPSLUFNQPSBSJMZJO$BOBEB Foreign investment.$IBQUFSQSPWJEFTGPSBTFSJFTPGQSJODJQMFTUPJOWFTUPST NPTUGBWPSFEOBUJPOUSFBUNFOUOBUJPOBM USFBUNFOUBOENJOJNVNTUBOEBSEPG USFBUNFOUBDDPSEJOHUPJOUFSOBUJPOBMMBX #VU$IBQUFSBMTPTFUTVQBTFUUMFNFOU NFDIBOJTNWJBBSCJUSBUJPOGPSEJTQVUFT BNPOHQSJWBUFJOWFTUPSTGSPNEJGGFSFOU /"'5"DPVOUSJFT Indirect Impact Franchises. 64BOE$BOBEJBOGSBODIJTFT JO.FYJDPIBWFNVMUJQMJFETJODF/"'5" -JLFXJTFBMUIPVHIJOTNBMMFSOVNCFS .FYJDBOGSBODIJTFTIBWFBMTPWFOUVSFE JOUP64BOE$BOBEJBOUFSSJUPSZNBJOMZ UPDBUFSUPUIF-BUJOPQPQVMBUJPOUIFSF 'SBODIJTFMBXXJMMMJLFMZDPOUJOVFCFJOH BOBSFBQPTJUJWFMZJNQBDUFECZUIFGSFF USBEFBHSFFNFOU Maquiladoras. .BOZ"NFSJDBOBOE $BOBEJBODPNQBOJFTIBWFEFDJEFEUPBTTFNCMFBOENBOVGBDUVSFHPPETJO.FYJDP VOEFSBmaquiladoraQSPHSBN"maquiladoraJTBOPQFSBUJPOGPSUIFQSPEVDUJPOPG HPPETJO.FYJDPXIFSFCZSBXNBUFSJBMT BOEFRVJQNFOUBSFUFNQPSBSJMZJNQPSUFE UP.FYJDPGPSTVCTFRVFOUFYQPSUUPGPSFJHONBSLFUTNBJOMZUIF6OJUFE4UBUFT 5IFPSJHJOPGUIFXPSEDPNFTGSPNUIF 4QBOJTIXPSEmaquila,XIJDIXBTUIF TNBMMQPSUJPOPGXIFBUHSBJOPSPJMLFQU CZNJMMFSTGPSQSPDFTTJOHHSBJO U.S. exports. *OUIFGFEFSBMHPWFSONFOUPGUIF6OJUFE4UBUFTMBVODIFEUIF /BUJPOBM&YQPSU*OJUJBUJWFXJUIUIFHPBM PGEPVCMJOHFYQPSUTXJUIJOUIFOFYUUXP ZFBST*UJTMJLFMZUIBUBTJHOJåDBOUQBSUPG UIFBEEFEFYQPSUXJMMMBOEJO$BOBEBPS .FYJDP*GUIBUIBQQFOTMFHBMXPSLPQQPSUVOJUJFTGPS64MBXZFSTTIPVMEJODSFBTFBTXFMM A Special Note on Chapter 11: Investment #FGPSF/"'5"JOWFTUNFOUBNPOHUIF UISFF/PSUI"NFSJDBOOBUJPOTXBTEFBMU XJUIWJBCJMBUFSBMJOWFTUNFOUUSFBUJFT #*5T /"'5"BEESFTTFEUIJTJTTVFEJSFDUMZJO$IBQUFS 5IFEJTQVUFSFTPMVUJPONFDIBOJTNGPS JOWFTUNFOUDMBJNTOPUFEBCPWFJTQSPCBCMZUIFNPTUJOOPWBUJWFGFBUVSFPG/"'5" JUHJWFTJOWFTUPSTGSPN$BOBEB.FYJDPPS UIF6OJUFE4UBUFTBOPQQPSUVOJUZUPBSCJUSBUFUIFJSDMBJNTVOEFS/"'5"EJSFDUMZ XJUIPVUUIFJOUFSWFOUJPOPGUIFOBUJPOBM HPWFSONFOUPGUIFJOWFTUPS5IJTEJSFDU BDDFTTUPBSCJUSBUJPOUSJCVOBMTIBTBMMPXFE DSFBUJWFOFTTPOUIFQBSUPGQMBJOUJGGTNBOZ PGXIPNIBWFDMBJNFECSFBDIPGGBJSBOE FRVJUBCMFUSFBUNFOUVOEFSJOUFSOBUJPOBM MBXCZUIFIPTUDPVOUSZBHBJOTUUIFGPSFJHOJOWFTUPS'PSFYBNQMFJOLoewen Group v. United States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onclusion /"'5"DSFBUFEBOEDPOUJOVFTUPDSFBUFQSPGFTTJPOBMPQQPSUVOJUJFTUPTPMPT BOETNBMMMBXGJSNTSFQSFTFOUJOHNJE BOETNBMMTJ[F$BOBEJBO.FYJDBOBOE "NFSJDBOUSBEFSTBOEJOWFTUPSTJO/PSUI "NFSJDBCPUIGPSJOCPVOEPSPVUCPVOE USBOTBDUJPOTBOEGPSEJTQVUFSFTPMVUJPO 5IFTFPQQPSUVOJUJFTXJMMDPOUJOVFHSPXJOHJOUIFTBNFNFBTVSFUIBUUIFFDPOPNJFTPGUIF/"'5"DPVOUSJFTSFDPVQGSPN UIFSFDFOUFDPOPNJDEPXOUVSO *OUFMMFDUVBMQSPQFSUZJNNJHSBUJPO GPSFJHOJOWFTUNFOUJOUFSOBUJPOBMUSBEF GSBODIJTJOHmaquiladoras,BOEEJTQVUF SFTPMVUJPOBSFBSFBTJNQBDUFECZ/"'5" 5IFCVSEFOJTPOVTTPMPTBOETNBMM GJSNQSBDUJUJPOFSTUPCFBXBSFPGUIFTF PQQPSUVOJUJFTUPCFUUFSTFSWFPVSDMJFOUT BOEUPFYQBOEPVSQSBDUJDFT Published in GP Solo, Volume 28, Number 3, April/May 2011 © 2011 by the American Bar Association. Reproduced with permission. All rights reserved. This information or any portion thereof may not be copied or disseminated in any form or by any means or stored in an electronic database or retrieval system without the express written consent of the American Bar Association. 29
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