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104TN_Rdg_G4_SE_Cvr.indd 1
978-1-60471-760-0
104TN
This book is printed on paper containing
a minimum of 10% post-consumer waste.
Developed in Consultation
with Tennessee Educators
4/16/09 10:55:23 AM
Table of Contents
State Performance
Indicator:
SP10401. /
SP10501.
Tennessee State Performance Indicators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Letter to the Student . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Test-Taking Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Chapter 1
Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Lesson 1
Subject-Verb Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.1, 1.11
Lesson 2
Verb Tenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.2
Lesson 3
Nouns, Pronouns, and Antecedents . . . 20
1.1
Lesson 4
Adjectives and Adverbs. . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.3
Lesson 5
Synonyms, Antonyms, Homonyms . . . . 28
1.12
Lesson 6
Context Clues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
1.12, 1.13, 1.16
Lesson 7
Prefixes, Suffixes, and Root Words . . . 36
1.14
Mid-Chapter 1 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Lesson 8
Compound Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
1.15
Lesson 9
Spelling and Confusing Words . . . . . . . 48
1.7, 1.8
Lesson 10
Punctuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
1.4, 1.6, 1.10
Lesson 11
Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
1.15
Lesson 12
Contractions, Plurals, and Possessives 60
1.1, 1.9, 1.15
Lesson 13
Double Negatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
1.7
Lesson 14
Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
1.5
Chapter 1 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Chapter 2
Logic and Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Lesson 15
Asking Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
6.1
Lesson 16
Inference and Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . 82
5.1, 5.4
Lesson 17
Fact and Opinion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
5.1, 5.3
Lesson 18
Prediction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
5.1, 8.4
Lesson 19
Analogy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
5.4
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Lesson 20
Speaking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
2.2
Chapter 2 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Chapter 3
Informational Text, Research and Writing. . . . . . 107
Lesson 21
Text Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
3.3, 3.4, 6.5, 6.6
Lesson 22
Book Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
6.3, 6.6
Lesson 23
Understanding Graphics . . . . . . . . . . 116
6.4, 6.5, 6.6
Lesson 24
Using Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
4.1, 4.2, 4.4,
7.1, 7.3, 7.4
Lesson 25
Media. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
7.1, 7.2, 7.3
Mid-Chapter 3 Review. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Lesson 26
Author’s Purpose and Audience . . . . . 132
3.1, 3.2, 8.7
Lesson 27
Main Idea and Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
2.1, 3.3, 3.4,
3.6, 3.9, 6.2, 7.2
Lesson 28
Sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
3.5, 3.8, 5.6, 6.7
Lesson 29
Cause and Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
3.8, 5.2
Lesson 30
Compare and Contrast . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
3.8
Lesson 31
Using Graphic Organizers . . . . . . . . . 152
3.10, 4.3, 6.5
Lesson 32
Summarizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
2.3, 3.7
Chapter 3 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Chapter 4
Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Lesson 33
Genre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
5.3, 8.5
Lesson 34
Character . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
8.2
Lesson 35
Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
8.2, 8.3
Lesson 36
Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
8.1, 8.2, 8.3
Lesson 37
Figurative Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
8.6
Lesson 38
Poetry and Sound Devices . . . . . . . . . 188
8.5, 8.8
Chapter 4 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
4
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11
Abbreviations
1.15
Getting the Idea
Abbreviations are shortcuts for writing certain words. They save a lot of
time and work for writers. Abbreviations turn February into Feb., Saturday
into Sat., and Tennessee into TN. There is even an abbreviation—abb.—
for the word “abbreviation”!
Here are some handy abbreviations to know:
Titles
Men
Women
Doctors
Elected Officials
Mr.
Ms. or Mrs.
Dr.
Hon.
Days of the Week
Monday
Mon.
Tuesday
Tues.
Wednesday
Wed.
Thursday
Thurs.
Friday
Fri.
Saturday
Sat.
Sunday
Sun.
Addresses
Street
St.
Avenue
Ave.
Boulevard
Blvd.
Lane
Ln.
Place
Pl.
Drive
Dr.
Months of the Year
January
Jan.
February
Feb.
March
Mar.
April
Apr.
May
May
June
Jun.
July
Jul.
August
Aug.
September
Sept.
October
Oct.
November
Nov.
December
Dec.
Notice that each of these abbreviations begins with a capital letter and
ends with a period. Abbreviations for states, such as TN for Tennessee,
use two capital letters, and do not use a period.
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DIRECTIONS
Read the passage. Use the “Hints” to answer the questions.
23
3
Dear Uncle Pat,
This is the best vacation ever!
The weather is warm and sunny
here in Florida. The beaches
have white sand. It’s like sugar,
only not sticky. Wish you were
here to see it. We’ll be home
next Wednesday. Look forward
to seeing you then!
Mr. Patrick McDonald
29 Cottage Road
Knoxville, Tennessee
37912
Love,
Josh
Thinking It Through
1.
Josh could have taken a shortcut by
abbreviating the word “Wednesday.”
Choose the BEST abbreviation for
Wednesday.
2.
State abbreviations save a lot of
work. How would Josh abbreviate
“Tennessee” correctly in his uncle’s
address?
A. WE
A. TN
B. wed
B. T.N.
C. Wed.
C. Ten
D. Wed
D. Tnn
HINT
Days of the week are abbreviated with
a capital letter at the beginning and a
period at the end.
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HINT
Abbreviations for states use two capital
letters with no periods.
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Coached Reading
DIRECTIONS
As you read, the letter look to the Reading Guide for tips.
September 30, 2009
Miss Janine Long
612 State Street
Nashville, Tennessee 37204
Dear Janine,
It was great to get your letter! How are you? My family
is all fine. We just got home on Sunday from a trip to my
grandma’s house in West Virginia. It was fun, except for my
pesky baby brother, Kyle. He cried a lot because he is getting
a new tooth.
We miss you at school. It just isn’t the same since
you moved across town. And guess what? There is a really
cool new place on College Boulevard called Party Jungle.
Everyone is having their parties there this year. They have
lots of rides, a big arcade, and the best pizza you have ever
tasted!
Speaking of which, you are invited to my birthday party.
My real birthday is October 30th, but the party will be on
Saturday, November 7th, at 1 o’clock. Please ask your mom
if she can bring you. It’s at the Party Jungle, of course! Mister
Brown, the music teacher from school, will be there to sing
songs and play some music games with us. You should hear
him play the guitar. He is awesome!
Let me know whether you can come to the party! Talk
to you soon.
Your friend,
Clara
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Which words in
Janine’s address can be
abbreviated?
Remember, days of the
week and states are
abbreviated differently
What is the abbreviation
for “Boulevard?”
Month and title
abbreviations begin with a
capital letter and end with
a period.
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Lesson 11: Abbreviations
Independent Practice
DIRECTIONS
Use the letter to answer the questions.
1.
How would you abbreviate the word
“Street” in Janine’s address?
3.
A. St
How many words in the third
paragraph of the letter could be
abbreviated?
A. two
B. st.
B. three
C. St.
C. four
D. Str
D. five
2.
Choose the BEST way to abbreviate
the state name “West Virginia” in the
first paragraph of the letter.
A. WeVa
B. W.V.
C. WVir
D. WV
4.
What is the BEST way to abbreviate
the month of November in the third
paragraph of the letter?
A. Nov.
B. No.
C. Nove
D. NV
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