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07 USH (16-25) (1890-1945)
Period 7: Expansionism-WWII
(13a,b,c,d,e,f,14a,b,c,15a.b.c.d.16a,b,c,d,17a,b,c,18a,b,c,d,e,19a,b,c,d,e)
I.
America’s evolving relationship with the world at the turn of the twentieth century.
A.
Debate over Expansionism
1.
Philosophy of taking military, economic, and political control over weaker nations.
B.
Spanish-American War 1898
1.
Causes of the war
a.
“Yellow Journalism”: newspapers exaggerate Spanish atrocities
b.
The de Lome letter (1) (2) Spanish letter that slandered President McKinley
c.
Battleship Maine (1) explodes (February 15, 1898)
2.
Battle of San Juan Hill (1) (2) (3) (July, 1898)-turning point battle
a.
Teddy Roosevelt's Rough Riders (1) (Kettle Hill)
3.
Puerto Rico, Guam, and Philippines (1) become US territories
C.
War in the Philippines (1898-1901)
1.
Emilio Aguinaldo (1) Filipino rebel who led rebellion against US
a.
Two year war (4,000 Americans killed & 20,000 Filipinos)
II.
Progressive Era (1) (2) (3) Political attempt to reform America from the Gilded Age
A.
Political Reforms
1.
Initiative-legislation started by citizens
2.
Referendum (1)- submission of a vote on an important issue directly to the people.
3.
Recall (1) - a vote taken by citizens to remove an elected official
B.
Labor Law reform (Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire)
a.
Worker compensation, eight hour workdays, minimum wage & Child labor laws
C.
Social Reforms
1.
Muckrakers - investigative writers and journalists uncover graft and corruption
a.
Ida Tarbell (1) (2) attacked Standard Oil Trust
b.
Upton Sinclair (1) The Jungle led to federal oversight of meat packing
2.
Plessey v. Ferguson (1) (1896)- established “separate but equal”
a.
Jim Crow Laws (1) (2) (3) (4) -segregation laws
3.
NAACP emerged as a Civil Rights organization
a.
Niagara Movement (1) is led by WEB Dubois in 1905
III.
Theodore Roosevelt (1) replaced William McKinley after he was assassinated in 1901
A.
Meat Inspection Act (1) resulted from Roosevelt reading The Jungle
B.
Conservation Movement- Set aside lands for national parks and forests (Five)
C.
Panama Canal (1) (2) (3) (4) (1914) ($400 million) Connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
D.
Roosevelt Corollary (1) to the Monroe Doctrine (1904)
1.
“Big Stick” (1) (2)-US will intervene militarily between Europe and South America
IV.
Woodrow Wilson (1) (D)
A.
17th Amendment-Direct election of Senators
B.
18th Amendment (1) (2) -prohibited the sale, manufacture & transportation of alcohol
C.
19th Amendment (1) (2) (3) (4) - Granted Women’s Suffrage (Women during WWI)
V.
World War I (1917-1918)
A.
United States moved from neutrality to engagement (1) from 1914-1917.
1.
Unrestricted submarine warfare (1) (U-Boats) (1) (2) (Lusitania (1) (2)
B.
Impact of the war on America at home
1.
Espionage Act (1917) and Sedition Act (1918) (1) (2)
a.
Eugene V. Debs Labor leader of Pullman strike in 1894 was jailed for 10 years.
2.
“Great Migration” (1) - African Americans migrated to northern cities for jobs
C.
The Treaty of Versailles (1) ended WWI
1.
Woodrow Wilson wrote the Fourteen Points to be included in the treaty
a.
One of the points, a League of Nations (1) was not ratified by the Senate
VI.
Key developments in the aftermath of WWI
A.
“Red Scare”-Fear of Communism/Socialism rises in the US (Bolshevik Revolution) (1) (2) (3)
B.
Immigrant restrictions (Quota Act 1921) limited New Immigrants (Southern & Eastern Europe)
C.
Economic Growth (1)-Henry Ford (Video #2) (1) - assembly line production of the Model T.
VII.
Life in the “Roaring Twenties” or the “Jazz Age”
A.
Movies: Nickelodeons (1) (2) (3) (4) Silent films were shown in theaters.
1.
Charlie Chaplin (1) (2) (3)
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2.
The Jazz Singer (1) (2) - 1st full length movie with sound (“Talkie”)
Radio: 1st Radio Station-KDKA (1) (2) (Pittsburgh) first licensed station
1.
War of the Worlds (1) (2) (3)-"news bulletin" of an alien invasion (Caused mass hysteria)
C.
Jazz Age: Origin: The music migrated north from New Orleans
1.
Irving Berlin (1) (2) Producer of 1,500 songs, 19 Broadway shows and 18 films
2.
Tin Pan Alley (1) -Center of music in NY (Tin Pots)
3.
Louis Armstrong (1)- most influential vocalist/instrumentalist
D.
The Harlem Renaissance: literary & artistic movement of African culture
1.
Langston Hughes (1) : The subjects of his poetry included: Hope & Pride)
The Great Depression
A.
Stock Market crashed (1) on Tuesday, October 29, 1929 (Black Tuesday) (1) (2)
1.
Stock prices lost 90% of their value (1)
B.
Causes and Consequences of the Great Depression
1.
Overproduction (1) (2) (Agricultural and Industrial)
a.
Dust Bowl (1) (2) (3) was caused by over farming, dry and windy conditions
2.
Under consumption (1) caused by high prices from a tariff war after WWI
3.
Speculation-buying stocks on chance of a quick profit (1) (2)
C.
Social impact of widespread unemployment
1.
Hooverville's (1) (2) –shanty towns built by unemployed men outside urban centers.
Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) (1)
A.
First New Deal (1932-1935) - Roosevelt’s Domestic program to end the Great Depression
1.
Tennessee Valley Authority (1933)
a.
Works program provided jobs, electricity, & controlled the environment
2.
Eleanor Roosevelt (1) became a symbol for social progress and women’s activism
a.
She reported to her husband the successes and failures of the New Deal
b.
She organized a concert for Marian Anderson (1) at the Lincoln Memorial
B.
Second New Deal (1935-1941) - more controversial
1.
Wagner Act- Right to join unions and to collective bargain
2.
Social Security Act (1935): old age survivor’s benefit and unemployment compensation
C.
Political challenges to Roosevelt’s domestic leadership
1.
“Court Packing” (1) Response to the Supreme Court finding New Deal programs unconstitutional
2.
Huey Long-Share Our Wealth Societies
3.
A. Philip Randolph – Union leader of the Brotherhood of Railroad Car Porter’s
a.
Threatened march on Washington, DC led to Fair Employment Act
The origins of US involvement in WWII.
A.
Adolph Hitler’s systematically conquered most of Europe. (1)
B.
Neutrality Acts (1935-1939): Acts made it illegal to trade with any warring nation.
1.
Roosevelt responded to this challenge of his international leadership
a.
Lend-Lease- Aggressive act to help the Allies (Destroyers for naval bases)
World War II begins:
A.
Pearl Harbor (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (December 7, 1941) Surprise attack by Japan
B.
The US faced difficulty delivering food and supplies to troops in two geographic locations (1)
1.
European Theatre
a.
D-Day (1) On 6/6/44, the Allies invaded Normandy, France & open a 2nd Front
b.
Fall of Berlin (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) In 5/45, Germany surrendered to the Allies
C.
Pacific Theatre (1)
1.
Battle of Midway (1) (2) (3) (June)-turning point battle of war in Pacific
2.
“Island hopping” US bypassed heavily defended islands
3.
Manhattan Project (1) (2) (3) (4) - program to build an atomic bomb
a.
Los Alamos (1) (2)- 1st explosion of an atomic weapon
b.
Atomic Bombs end war (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
D.
Domestic Impact:
1.
War Mobilization (1) : War time conversion of industries to prepare for war
2.
Rationing (1) (2) -Americans ration oil, gas, metals, and even silk! (1)
3.
Women & minorities go to work in defense industries (Rosie the Riveter) (1) (2)
E.
Internment Camps (1) (2) (3) (4) (Example: Manzanar)
1.
Prison camps housed over Japanese, German and Italian-Americans
B.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.
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