Name: __________________________________________
Covalent Bonding(pg 583)
Period: ______
Some atoms of non metals are ____________________ to lose or gain electrons. For examples, The elements in
Group 4 of the periodic table have _____________ electrons in their outer energy level.
These atoms become chemically stable by _______________________ electrons rather than by losing or gaining
electrons
The attraction that forms between atoms when they share electrons is known as a ______________________
bond. A neutral particle that forms as the result of electron sharing is called a __________________________.
Single Covalent Bonds
A single covalent bond is made of __________________ shared electrons
A water molecule contains two _____________________ bonds.
The result of this type of bonding is a _______________________ outer energy level for each atom in the
_______________________________.
Multiple Bonds
A covalent bond also can contain more than one ________________ of electrons
A ______________ atom has five electrons in its outer energy level and needs ___________ electrons to
become stable. It does this by _________________ three electrons with another Nitrogen atom.
Covalent bonds form between _____________________ elements.
Many covalent compounds are _____________________ or _____________________ at room temperature.
**Polar or Non Polar**
An unequal sharing of electrons give each chlorine atom a slight __________________ charge and each
hydrogen atom a slightly ________________________ charge.
The charge is ______________________ but not equally distributed, resulting in a __________________
molecule.
A ______________________ molecule is one that has a slightly ___________________ end and a slightly
____________________end although the overall charge is neutral.
Ammonia and Water are examples of Polar Molecules
Two atoms that are exactly alike can share their electrons equally, forming a nonpolar molecule.
A ____________________________ is one in which electrons are shared equally in bonds.
This occurs in molecules with ________________________ atoms or molecules that are
____________________ like CCl4.
Naming Covalent Compounds
Covalent compounds are those formed between elements that are _______________________.
Using Prefixes: Scientists use the Greek ___________________________ to indicate how many atoms of each
element are in a ___________________________ compounds.
Practice with Covalent Compounds:
Ex:
NO - nitrogen monoxide
1. H3PO4
2. N2O
3. SiO2
4. N2 O5
5. HBr
6. C4H8
7. CCl4
8. H2S
9. HI
10. H2 O2
11. Cl3F
12. N2 H4
Write the formula for each of the following covalent compounds.
EX: Diphosphorus pentoxide - P2O5
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
Phosphorus trihydride
Dichlorine heptoxide
Boron trifluoride
Silicon dioxide
Silicon tetrafluoride
Carbon monoxide
Dihydrogen monoxide
Dihydrogen dioxide
Nitrogen trihydride
Dicarbon dihydride
Dinitrogen tetrahydride
Sulfur trioxide
Dichlorine monoxide
Silicon monocarbide
Sulfur tetrabromide
Carbon tetrahydride
Dinitrogen monoxide
Sulfur dioxide
Tetracarbon decahydride
Dicarbon hexafluoride
Chlorine trifluoride