Wind and Pressure Notes

Name: __________________________________
Date: _________
Weather: Wind and Pressure
Do Now
Where on Earth is sunlight received more directly? Indirectly?
How is heat energy from the sun transferred on earth and in the atmosphere?
What produces weather?
ƒ Weather is produced by the uneven heating of earth’s atmosphere (specific
heat)
ƒ
Earth receives more direct sunlight at the equator and more indirect
sunlight at the poles
Heat Energy Transfers
ƒ Heat energy from the sun is transferred on earth and in the atmosphere via
– 1. Conduction –
____________________________________________________
– 2. Condensation –
____________________________________________________
– 3. Convection –
____________________________________________________
ƒ Hot air rises, expands, and ____________
ƒ Cool air sinks or descends, and is compressed, ______________________
(Mountains and clouds/precipitation)
Pressure – weight of air
DIFFERENCES IN AIR PRESSURE ARE CAUSED PRIMARILY BY
______________________________________________________________
• Increase density, increase pressure
o What kind of relationship is this? __________________________
• Increase temperature, decrease pressure and density
o What kind of relationship is this? _________________________
• Increase altitude, decrease pressure
o What kind of relationship is this? _________________________
• Increase water vapor content, decrease pressure & mass
• Measured by a barometer
• Measure in Millibars (mb) or inches of Mercury (Hg)
•
Isobars are _______________________________________________
Pressure and Temperature DECREASE with Altitude
What weighs more?
• Water vapor replaces other air molecules that are heavier
o Moist air _____________________
Isobars
ƒ Isobars- __________________________________________________
ƒ Every position on __________________ has the EXACT SAME PRESSURE
ƒ Practice identifying a_________ pressure and _________ pressure areas
Identify the High’s and Low’s
• Look at the pressure values to determine the high and low areas
Strongest Winds
Wind speed is __________________ related to the pressure gradient
• Closer the ___________
• Greater the ____________________
• Greater the wind ______________
Gradient
Gradient is a measure of how much the
________________________________________ between 2 locations changes
Practice
Drawing Isobars
1) Color code the following numbers: 1008 red, 1012 blue, 1016 green, 1020
purple, 1024 black
2) Check to make sure all of the numbers are colored
3) Connect the numbers that are the same color together in a circle
4) Place a H in the center of the circle with the High Pressure
5) Place a L in the center of the circle with the Low Pressure
Describe the differences in these 2 diagrams (arrows = wind/breeze)
Sea Breezes
y Daytime
y How does the speed at which land and water heat up differ?
y _______________________________________________
y Where is the high pressure?
y _______________________________________________
y Where is the low pressure?
y _______________________________________________
y Which way does the wind blow?
y _____________________________
y _____________________________
Land Breezes
ƒ Nighttime
– How does the speed at which land and water cool differ?
ƒ _______________________________________________
– Where is the high pressure?
ƒ _______________________________________________
– Where is the low pressure?
ƒ _______________________________________________
– Which way does the wind blow?
ƒ _________________________________
ƒ _________________________________
Practice
Wind
WIND is the _________________ movement of air ___________________ to
earth’s surface due to pressure differences
ƒ Wind blows from HIGH pressure to LOW pressure
ƒ Coriolis Effect kicks in
ƒ ___________ in Northern Hemisphere
ƒ ___________ in Southern Hemisphere
ƒ Winds named for the direction they come ________ (where they originate)
Winds cause the Ocean Currents ESRT p4
Winds and
a
Corioliis in the Northern
N
H
Hemisphere
e
ƒ Blow
B
_____
____ of High pressurre systemss and ____
____ low prressure
sy
ystems
WIND MOVES CLOCKWIS
SE OUT OF
F THE HIG
GH
WIND MOVES COUNTERC
CLOCKWIS
SE INTO THE
T
LOW
ection cellss due to ro
otation, an
nd unequall heating due
d
to tiltt
3 conve
WINDS
S AND CO
ONVECTIO
ON CELLS CAUSED BY
B DIFFER
RENCES IN
I AIR
PRESSU
URE
WINDS
S NAMED FOR
F
THE DIRECTIO
D
ON FROM WHICH
W
__
_________
_______
Low Pre
essure – __
_________
____ 0° an
nd 60 °N an
nd S
High Pre
essure – __
________
____ 30° and 90° N and
a S
Converg
gence is __
_________
________
_________
_________
________
_________
___
Diverge
ence is ___
_________
_________
_________
_________
________
_________
___
TREAMS – EASTERL
LY MOVIN
NG AIR
JET ST
If the Jet
J Stream
m moves so
outh – ____
________
_________
_____
If the Jet
J Stream
m moves no
orth – ____
________
_________
_____