Name: __________________________________ Date: _________ Weather: Wind and Pressure Do Now Where on Earth is sunlight received more directly? Indirectly? How is heat energy from the sun transferred on earth and in the atmosphere? What produces weather? Weather is produced by the uneven heating of earth’s atmosphere (specific heat) Earth receives more direct sunlight at the equator and more indirect sunlight at the poles Heat Energy Transfers Heat energy from the sun is transferred on earth and in the atmosphere via – 1. Conduction – ____________________________________________________ – 2. Condensation – ____________________________________________________ – 3. Convection – ____________________________________________________ Hot air rises, expands, and ____________ Cool air sinks or descends, and is compressed, ______________________ (Mountains and clouds/precipitation) Pressure – weight of air DIFFERENCES IN AIR PRESSURE ARE CAUSED PRIMARILY BY ______________________________________________________________ • Increase density, increase pressure o What kind of relationship is this? __________________________ • Increase temperature, decrease pressure and density o What kind of relationship is this? _________________________ • Increase altitude, decrease pressure o What kind of relationship is this? _________________________ • Increase water vapor content, decrease pressure & mass • Measured by a barometer • Measure in Millibars (mb) or inches of Mercury (Hg) • Isobars are _______________________________________________ Pressure and Temperature DECREASE with Altitude What weighs more? • Water vapor replaces other air molecules that are heavier o Moist air _____________________ Isobars Isobars- __________________________________________________ Every position on __________________ has the EXACT SAME PRESSURE Practice identifying a_________ pressure and _________ pressure areas Identify the High’s and Low’s • Look at the pressure values to determine the high and low areas Strongest Winds Wind speed is __________________ related to the pressure gradient • Closer the ___________ • Greater the ____________________ • Greater the wind ______________ Gradient Gradient is a measure of how much the ________________________________________ between 2 locations changes Practice Drawing Isobars 1) Color code the following numbers: 1008 red, 1012 blue, 1016 green, 1020 purple, 1024 black 2) Check to make sure all of the numbers are colored 3) Connect the numbers that are the same color together in a circle 4) Place a H in the center of the circle with the High Pressure 5) Place a L in the center of the circle with the Low Pressure Describe the differences in these 2 diagrams (arrows = wind/breeze) Sea Breezes y Daytime y How does the speed at which land and water heat up differ? y _______________________________________________ y Where is the high pressure? y _______________________________________________ y Where is the low pressure? y _______________________________________________ y Which way does the wind blow? y _____________________________ y _____________________________ Land Breezes Nighttime – How does the speed at which land and water cool differ? _______________________________________________ – Where is the high pressure? _______________________________________________ – Where is the low pressure? _______________________________________________ – Which way does the wind blow? _________________________________ _________________________________ Practice Wind WIND is the _________________ movement of air ___________________ to earth’s surface due to pressure differences Wind blows from HIGH pressure to LOW pressure Coriolis Effect kicks in ___________ in Northern Hemisphere ___________ in Southern Hemisphere Winds named for the direction they come ________ (where they originate) Winds cause the Ocean Currents ESRT p4 Winds and a Corioliis in the Northern N H Hemisphere e Blow B _____ ____ of High pressurre systemss and ____ ____ low prressure sy ystems WIND MOVES CLOCKWIS SE OUT OF F THE HIG GH WIND MOVES COUNTERC CLOCKWIS SE INTO THE T LOW ection cellss due to ro otation, an nd unequall heating due d to tiltt 3 conve WINDS S AND CO ONVECTIO ON CELLS CAUSED BY B DIFFER RENCES IN I AIR PRESSU URE WINDS S NAMED FOR F THE DIRECTIO D ON FROM WHICH W __ _________ _______ Low Pre essure – __ _________ ____ 0° an nd 60 °N an nd S High Pre essure – __ ________ ____ 30° and 90° N and a S Converg gence is __ _________ ________ _________ _________ ________ _________ ___ Diverge ence is ___ _________ _________ _________ _________ ________ _________ ___ TREAMS – EASTERL LY MOVIN NG AIR JET ST If the Jet J Stream m moves so outh – ____ ________ _________ _____ If the Jet J Stream m moves no orth – ____ ________ _________ _____
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