July 2004 ICPC-2 PLUS AN ENHANCED VERSION OF THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF PRIMARY CARE (ICPC-2) Family Medicine Research Centre, University of Sydney in co-operation with the World Organisation of Family Doctors (Wonca) FUNCTIONALITY REQUIREMENTS FOR DEVELOPERS Use of ICPC-2 PLUS in clinical systems for Primary Care ICPC-2 PLUS This booklet has been designed to provide information needed to incorporate ICPC-2 PLUS into computerised clinical systems. All examples used in this document were correct as at July 2004. If you have any questions regarding the application of ICPC-2 PLUS in you software, please contact us using the details provided below. Associate Professor Helena Britt Dr Graeme Miller Family Medicine Research Centre University of Sydney Acacia House, Westmead Hospital P. O. Box 533 WENTWORTHVILLE NSW 2145 Phone: +61 2 9845 8151 Fax: +61 2 9845 8155 Email: [email protected] Website: www.fmrc.org.au ICPC-2 © World Organisation of National Colleges, Academics and Academic Associations of General Practitioners/Family Physicians ICPC-2 PLUS © University of Sydney, 1998 (Family Medicine Research Centre) Contents 1) Introduction......................................................................................... 4 1.1) Classifications and coding systems .................................................................. 4 1.2) Structure of ICPC-2 .......................................................................................... 5 1.3) Explanation of ICPC-2 PLUS codes................................................................. 6 1.4) Structure of ICPC-2 PLUS terms ..................................................................... 6 1.5) Advantages of using ICPC-2 PLUS ................................................................. 7 1.6) Obligations regarding end users ....................................................................... 8 1.7) Updates of ICPC-2 PLUS................................................................................. 9 1.8) Demonstrator .................................................................................................... 9 1.9) Glossary .......................................................................................................... 10 1.10) Further information......................................................................................... 11 2) Data entry .......................................................................................... 12 2.1) 2.2) 2.3) 2.4) 2.5) 2.6) Background..................................................................................................... 12 Table Description............................................................................................ 12 Field descriptions............................................................................................ 13 Entity Relationship Diagram .......................................................................... 14 Functionality requirements ............................................................................. 15 Temporary codes: ........................................................................................... 17 3) Supplementary information for data entry.................................... 18 3.1) Natural Language............................................................................................ 18 3.1.1) Background ................................................................................................ 18 3.1.2) Integrating the natural language functionality ........................................... 18 3.1.3) Field Description........................................................................................ 18 3.2) Inactive codes ................................................................................................. 19 3.2.1) Background ................................................................................................ 19 3.2.2) Table Description....................................................................................... 19 4) Additional reference material on ICPC-2 ...................................... 20 4.1) 4.2) 4.3) 4.4) 4.5) 4.6) Background..................................................................................................... 20 Table Description............................................................................................ 20 Field descriptions............................................................................................ 21 Entity Relationship Diagram .......................................................................... 22 Use of ICPC-2 reference tables ...................................................................... 23 Functionality requirements ............................................................................. 23 5) Data reports....................................................................................... 24 5.1) 5.2) 5.3) 5.4) Background..................................................................................................... 24 Table Description............................................................................................ 26 Entity Relationship Diagram .......................................................................... 27 Use of grouper files for data output................................................................ 28 Appendices............................................................................................... 34 Appendix A - DEVELOPERS LICENCE / CONTRACT Appendix B - INFORMATION FOR USERS 1) Introduction 1.1) Classifications and coding systems ICPC-2 Classifications organise information into logical groups and facilitate the timely and accurate collection and analysis of grouped data. The International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC-2) is a classification designed for primary care, or general practice. It was developed by the World Organisation of Family Doctors (Wonca), and classifies information in primary care relating to: • reason(s) for encounter (why the patient has come for the consultation) • problems managed • diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, including: o procedures o referrals o pathology tests o imaging orders. ICPC-2 is distributed exclusively in Australia and the Pacific Basin by the Family Medicine Research Centre (FMRC), University of Sydney, Australia. ICPC-2 is an excellent epidemiological tool. It logically groups conditions that are commonly found in general practice, using body systems as the primary identifier. This facilitates meaningful data analysis. However, ICPC-2 has only 1,380 codes, and as such is too broad to accurately code specific individual conditions. For this reason, the Family Medicine Research Centre at the University of Sydney extended the classification for use in Australian general practice, into a coding system known as ICPC-2 PLUS. ICPC-2 PLUS ICPC-2 PLUS is an extended terminology based on ICPC-2, developed using over one million records of general practice encounters. ICPC-2 PLUS is a coding system. It has been designed specifically for use in electronic health records, and includes terms that are commonly used in Australian general practice. It is used in numerous commercially available software packages, and in various research projects and coordinated care trials. In your clinical system, ICPC-2 PLUS can be used to code data relating to reasons for encounter, problems managed and treatments provided, in more specific terms than ICPC-2. Data stored in medical records can then be extracted for data reports, classified in ICPC-2. For more information on classification and coding, refer to your User’s Guide. Copies of the User’s Guide can be downloaded from our website: www.fmrc.org.au/classifi.htm. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 4 of 34 1.2) Structure of ICPC-2 ICPC-2 has a bi-axial structure, with 17 chapters of one axis (each with an alphabetic code) and seven components on the other (numeric codes) (see Figure 1). Chapters are based on body systems, with additional chapters for psychological and social problems. Component 1 includes symptoms and complaints, while Component 7 covers diagnoses. These are independent in each chapter and both can be used for patient reasons for encounter and for problems managed. Components 2 to 6 are common throughout all chapters. The processes of care, including referrals, non-pharmacological treatments and orders for pathology and imaging are classified in these process components of ICPC-2. Component 2 (diagnostic screening and prevention) is also often applied in describing the problem managed (e.g. check-up, immunisation). Figure 1: The structure of the International Classification of Primary Care – Version 2 (ICPC-2) A Components B D F H K L N P R S T U W X Y Z 1. Symptoms, complaints 2. Diagnostic, screening, prevention 3. Treatment, procedures, medication 4. Test results 5. Administrative 6. Other 7. Diagnoses, disease A B D F H K General Blood, blood-forming Digestive Eye Ear Circulatory L N P R S T Musculoskeletal Neurological Psychological Respiratory Skin Metabolic, endocrine, nutritional U W X Y Z Urinary Pregnancy, family planning Female genital Male genital Social ICPC-2 PLUS code ranges for management Within the ‘process’ components, ICPC-2 codes can be further broken down into specific types of care for data entry. These can then be used to limit the ranges of fields within your software. There are two ways this can be done: 1. Generic management fields – if you have a single ‘management’ field in your record. Within this field, any ICPC-2 PLUS code within the ranges of -30 to -69 could be entered (see Table 1 for explanation). 2. Specific management fields – multiple management fields may be available in your software. If you wish you can limit the user to enter specific management types only in the correct fields. For example, using this option, pathology codes could only be entered in the pathology field in the record. If you choose to implement Option 2, code ranges are provided below for the specific types of management. Limit users to enter data only from the rubrics provided in the table. In the ‘reasons for encounter’ (RFEs) (i.e. the presenting problem) and ‘problems managed’ fields, we recommend that all ICPC-2 PLUS codes are available for data ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 5 of 34 entry. This ensures that process codes, such as immunisations and medication requests can be entered as either RFEs or problems. Table 1: Ranges for ICPC-2 codes related to problem management Updated April 2004 (a) Code type Data range Management -30 to –69 Check-ups -30,-31 Pathology tests -33, -34, -35, -36, -37, -38 Imaging tests -41 Other tests and investigations -39, -40, -43 Immunisation -44 Non-pharmacological management Advice/counselling -45, -58 Therapeutic procedures -51, -52, -53, -54, -55, -56, -57, -59 Referrals -66, -67, -68 Other management -32,-42,-46,-47,-48,-49,-50,-60,-61,-62,-63,-64, -65,-69 (a) a dash (-) in front of the numeric code indicates that the code is used consistently across all chapters, with the exception of chapter Z. Alpha codes should replace the dashes across each chapter, e.g. –41 would include all ICPC-2 PLUS codes beginning with A41, B41, D41, F41 etc. 1.3) Explanation of ICPC-2 PLUS codes ICPC-2 PLUS codes are 6 digits long, and can be broken down into two parts, the ICPC-2 code, and the ‘plus’ code. A86 001 The first 3 characters are the ICPC-2 code. The alphabetic part (A) indicates the chapter of the ICPC-2 code, while the numeric part (86) identifies the location of the code within the chapter. The last three digits comprise the ‘plus’ part of the ICPC-2 PLUS code. As each plus code is entered, it is assigned the next available 3 digit number in the rubric. As such, there is no meaning to the order of these codes. 1.4) Structure of ICPC-2 PLUS terms ICPC-2 PLUS terms appear in the files as one of two structures: • Common usage expression – e.g. ‘Restless legs syndrome’ • Problem/Procedure;type;site – e.g. ‘Pain;musculoskeletal;leg’ ‘Problems’ include terms such as lesion, inability, infection, disease, fracture etc. ‘Procedures’ include terms such as excision, destruction, test, etc. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 6 of 34 ‘Type’ further specifies the nature of the problem, and may refer to the status of the problem, e.g. acute, chronic. The ‘type’ section of the structure is not always present in problem and procedure codes. ‘Site’ specifies the location of the problem. The ‘site’ section of the structure is not always present in problem and procedure codes. This structure is adhered to ensure the uniformity of codes in ICPC-2 PLUS and minimises the risk of duplicating a term. 1.5) Advantages of using ICPC-2 PLUS ICPC-2 has been endorsed as the Australian standard for classification in general practice and patient self-reported data by the National Health and Information Management Group (NHIMG) [a working group of the Australian Health Ministers Advisory Council]. ICPC-2 PLUS is a dynamic coding system which is updated regularly. We aim to provide users with a comprehensive set of terms used in Australian general practice. As such, we encourage the participation of both ICPC-2 PLUS developers and users in the further development of the coding system, so that it reflects the terms actually used in general practice. We also appreciate the input of developers regarding both the content and technical aspects of the system. Through the use of logical links between keywords and terms, ICPC-2 PLUS aims to be user-friendly. Users simply have to enter the first few letters of a keyword and select the most appropriate term to record, rather than manually typing the name of the condition they wish to enter. Users do not have to be aware of the codes saved, or even know they are coding. Creating data reports is also easy using ICPC-2 PLUS, as the codes are automatically saved, and can be quickly and accurately retrieved from the system. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 7 of 34 1.6) Obligations regarding end users ICPC-2 PLUS has been incorporated into commercially available medical software, as well as being used exclusively for research. All sites using ICPC-2 PLUS within commercially available software must be licensed through the Family Medicine Research Centre. Licence fees for the use of ICPC-2 PLUS are payable annually. Initial membership includes a once only payment (for the life-long use of ICPC-2) which is passed on in full to the World Organisation of Family Doctors (Wonca). This money is used for the further development of classifications in general practice. An annual site licence fee is also payable to the FMRC. In subsequent years, only the annual site licence fee is payable. Licence fees for countries outside Australia are available by quotation. In Australia, licence fees for general practices, are as follows: INITIAL MEMBERSHIP YEAR 1 ONLY Single user site: 2-4 user site: 5-10 user site: 11-15 user site: 16-20 user site: 21+ user site: * $210* $315* $420* $480* $530* $580* ANNUAL SITE LICENCE FEE FROM YEAR 2 Single user site: $110* 2-4 user site: $165* 5-10 user site: $220* 11-15 user site: $280* 16-20 user site: $330* 21+ user site: $380* 10% GST is calculated only on the annual site licence fee, and is included in this amount. How to calculate the number of users The number of users is calculated according to the clinical users of ICPC-2 PLUS sharing medical records. The total number of users is then calculated by determining the number of full-time equivalents (FTEs) in a practice, where 2 sessions or 1 day equates to 0.2 FTEs, rounding this figure to the nearest whole number. Licensing your end users: When your software is nearing release, please contact the FMRC so we can discuss the licensing arrangements for ICPC-2 PLUS. Large group licences can be negotiated, or licensing can be arranged for each individual practice. An information sheet for potential users of ICPC-2 PLUS is included as Appendix 2, and is included electronically with each ICPC-2 PLUS release. Please print these out and distribute to any practices considering using ICPC-2 PLUS in their medical records. The information sheet outlines the purpose of ICPC-2 PLUS, gives an example of how ICPC-2 PLUS should work in your software and tells the user where they can find more information about ICPC-2 PLUS. A section at the bottom of the sheet serves as a subscription form, which the user can then forward to the FMRC. If a user does not pay their annual renewal fee, we will notify you that the practice is no longer a licensed ICPC-2 PLUS user, and that access to ICPC-2 PLUS should be removed. Any practice that is not licensed to use ICPC-2 PLUS should not be able to access the coding system for data entry. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 8 of 34 1.7) Updates of ICPC-2 PLUS You will receive regular updates of the ICPC-2 PLUS data files. These are sent not more often than three-monthly. Updates may take the form of updates to the terms available for use in ICPC-2 PLUS, or updates to other aspects of the coding system, such as structural revisions. The Developer’s package you are sent every release will include information on the content of the release. When ICPC-2 PLUS terms are updated, your end users will be sent updated appendices for their User’s Guide. Appendix C of the user guide lists all the new terms added to ICPC-2 PLUS in each update. 1.8) Demonstrator The FMRC has developed an ICPC-2 PLUS Demonstrator package, which may help you when you are incorporating ICPC-2 PLUS into your clinical system. The Demonstrator outlines the uses of ICPC-2 PLUS from both the data entry and data reporting perspectives. It adheres to the functionality specifications that are outlined in this document, and can therefore be used to check how ICPC-2 PLUS is supposed to work. It may also be used to demonstrate ICPC-2 PLUS to potential users of your system. The ICPC-2 PLUS Demonstrator is available on our website as a zipped Microsoft Access database at: www.fmrc.org.au/classifi.htm. The ICPC-2 PLUS Demonstrator is updated at the same time as each update is sent, and can therefore be used to check that your search mechanisms give the correct result. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 9 of 34 1.9) Glossary TERM ACTIVE CHAPTER COMPONENT ICPC CODE ICPC-2 ICPC-2 PLUS ICPC-2 PLUS CODE INACTIVE KEYWORD NATURAL LANGUAGE PLUS CODE RUBRIC STATUS TERM TERM CODE DESCRIPTION codes marked as active (‘A’) are those available for data entry in ICPC-2 PLUS. ICPC-2 has 17 chapters based mostly on body systems, e.g. circulatory system, respiratory system. In the ICPC-2 diagram in Figure 1, the chapters run across the horizontal axis. Chapters are identified through the use of a single alphabetic letter There are 7 components in ICPC-2. In the ICPC-2 diagram in Figure 1, the components are situated on the vertical axis also referred to as ICPC-2 codes. ICPC codes are 3 digit alpha-numeric codes. Each represent a broad heading of a concept within the ICPC-2 classification. an international classification designed for primary care, which facilitates the timely and accurate collection of data in general practice. an extended terminology classified in ICPC-2, designed for use in electronic health records in Australian general practice. the 6-digit alpha-numeric code, combining the 3-digit ICPC-2 code and the 3-digit plus code (or term code). terms marked as inactive (‘I’) which are no longer valid for data entry, but must be retained in the medical record for historical data reporting. For more information, see Section 3. words or abbreviations, of up to 10 characters long, which are linked to ICPC-2 PLUS terms, and used for searching. ICPC-2 PLUS terms converted into the way terms are commonly spoken. For more information, see Section 3 also called the ‘term code’. The three digit code that makes up the extension of ICPC-2 for Australia. In combination with the ICPC code it provides a more specific six digit code to record a concept in the classification. descriptor of the concept that is represented by the ICPC code. The label of the three digit alpha-numeric ICPC code which represents the broad heading of a concept within the ICPC-2 classification. indicates whether the code is valid for use in data entry (A= active; I= inactive). For more information, see Section 3. The description of an ICPC-2 PLUS term, attached to the 6 digit alphanumeric code also called the ‘plus code’. The three digit code that makes up the extension of ICPC-2 for Australia. In combination with the ICPC code it provides a more specific six digit code to record a concept in the classification. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 10 of 34 1.10) Further information Please refer to the following publications for further information on the development of ICPC-2 PLUS and the ICPC-2 classification. • ICPC-2 PLUS User’s Guide • The Family Medicine Research Centre’s website: www.fmrc.org.au • Britt H. A new coding system for computerised clinical systems in primary care - ICPC PLUS. Aust Fam Physician.1997;26 (Suppl 2); S79-S82 • Britt H, Scahill S, Miller G. ICPC PLUS for community health? - a feasibility study. Health Information Management 1997; 27: 4: 171-175. • Britt H. Which code? Which classification? Informatics in Healthcare Australia, 1996, 5:4; 140-44. • Britt H, Beaton N, Miller G. Coding and classification in computerised general practice medical records: Why code? Why classify? Aust Fam Physician 1995; 24: 612-615. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 11 of 34 2) Data entry 2.1) Background The purpose of data entry is to enter information into a clinical system to enable the timely, accurate and consistent collection of data. Entering data using ICPC-2 PLUS is done through the use of keywords. Keywords are linked to ICPC-2 PLUS terms to provide the user with a picklist of all the connected terms. Once the user selects the required term from the picklist the term and its ICPC2 PLUS code are saved. This saved code may then be retrieved at any time e.g. for data reports. 2.2) Table Description The tables needed for data entry are icpc2key.csv, icpc2lnk.csv and icpc2trm.csv. The field contents and descriptions are listed below for these three CSV files. The order of the fields in the CSV files from left to right corresponds with the field order from top to bottom in the tables below. An Entity-Relationship diagram is also enclosed. KEY TABLE (icpc2key.csv) keyid keyword Integer Char(10) TERM KEY TABLE (icpc2lnk.csv) keyid Integer termid Integer TERM TABLE (icpc2trm.csv) termid Integer term30 Char(30) nalan50 Char(50) icpccode Char(3) termcode Char(3) status Char(1) replacement Char(6) Updated April 2004 ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 12 of 34 2.3) Field descriptions Field Name Icpccode Keyid Keyword Nalan50 Replacement Status Term30 Termcode Termid Note: Field Description The 3 digit alpha-numeric ICPC-2 code. The unique identifier automatically generated when each keyword is entered into the ICPC-2 PLUS database. A word, or abbreviation of a word, of up to 10 characters. The natural language term, up to 50 characters (for further information on natural language, see Section 3). The replacement code field is used when a term is made inactive, and states the code that should be used in its place (for further information on inactive codes see Section 3.2) Indicates whether the code is active (A) or inactive (I) (for further information on inactive codes, see Section 3). The description of the ICPC-2 PLUS code, up to 30 characters The 3 digit numeric ‘plus’ code The unique identifier automatically generated when the term is added into the ICPC-2 PLUS database. Icpccode and Termcode combine to make the six character ICPC-2 PLUS code ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 13 of 34 ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers keyid 1:m keyid (FK) icpc2lnk • • termid (FK) The Termid from the Term Table (icpc2trm.csv) has a one-tomany relationship with the Termid from the Term Key Table (icpc2lnk.csv). The Keyid from the Key Table (icpc2key.csv) has a one to many relationship with the Keyid from the Term Key Table (icpc2lnk.csv). As shown in the Entity-Relationship diagram above; keyword icpc2key Non-Key Attributes Key Attributes table_name term30 nalan50 icpccode termcode status replacement termid FK = Foreign Key 1:m = one-to-many relationship eg. a one-to-many with the right hand side with at least one. Legend: m:1 icpc2trm Updated April 2004 2.4) Entity Relationship Diagram Page 14 of 34 2.5) Functionality requirements Keyword background Keywords are essential when entering data using ICPC-2 PLUS. Keywords facilitate data entry by linking to ICPC-2 PLUS terms, enabling a user to select the term they want to record simply by entering a few letters rather than typing the whole expression. Keywords always have a logical connection with the ICPC2-PLUS term and can be fragments of terms, whole words, abbreviations, synonyms or acronyms. They can be up to 10 characters in length. Keywords tend to be plural rather than singular words and are formatted without spaces, slashes (/) or dashes (-). Multiple keywords may be linked to a single term. Similarly, multiple terms may be linked to a single keyword. Data entry functionality Keyword functionality • For data entry, the user should enter the first few (approx 4) letters of a keyword that is related to the desired term the user wants to record. Only keywords supplied by the Family Medicine Research Centre in the icpc2key.csv file may be used. Users must not be able to create their own keywords. • The clinical system must be able to search on the first characters of a keyword. The minimum number of keyword characters required to search on is one. Therefore entering the letter ‘d’ as a keyword will give a picklist of terms that have a linked keyword that starts with the letter ‘d’. The more keyword characters that are entered the more specific the search results. Picklist functionality After entering a keyword: • The resulting search must only be based on the keyword, not the keyword and term. • The keyword search must display a list of all terms (field name: term30) linked to that keyword from which the user can select the one required. • The list of displayed terms must be in alphabetical order. • The terms shown in the picklist must only be those that are active (field name: status = A). • The keyword search must not display a picklist of natural language terms (field name: nalan50) linked to that keyword. • The picklist result of a search must be void of duplicate terms. If you have duplicates in the picklist you may have included Inactive terms (field name: status = I), or have run the search based on both the keyword and the term (see Section 3 for information on inactive codes). • The picklist must only include ICPC-2 PLUS terms (i.e. those with six digit codes) and not the ICPC-2 codes (three digit codes). • When the user selects the term required from the picklist, its ICPC-2 PLUS code must be stored in the medical record for future retrieval purposes. • You can store the ICPC-2 PLUS code alone and use links to pull up either the term (field name: term30) OR the natural language term (field name: nalan50) OR you can store either of these in the record along with its ICPC-2 PLUS code. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 15 of 34 • Displaying the ICPC-2 PLUS code on the screen in both the picklists and the medical record is optional. Do not allow users to run searches for keyword fragments that are located anywhere within an ICPC-2 PLUS term. For example, an incorrect search for ‘leg’ situated anywhere in an ICPC-2 PLUS keyword or term would result in a picklist that would include terms such as ‘Paraplegia’ and ‘Pregnancy;illegitimate’, neither of which are associated with the keyword ‘LEG’. Duplicates may also result from a search of this kind. Example To record a diagnosis of leg ulcer, type in “leg” as your keyword because you are looking for a term associated with leg(s). The correct search function will return a picklist of terms that are linked to keywords beginning with leg (i.e. keywords ‘legs’, ‘legal’ and ‘legionnair’). The result is a picklist containing 38 terms in alphabetical order (see Figure 2). Leg ulcer is listed under ‘U’ because ulcer is the problem and the leg is the site (for information on the structure of ICPC-2 PLUS terms see Section 1.4). (Note–if you had entered ulcer as the keyword you would have got a smaller picklist). Figure 2: Results of ICPC-2 PLUS term search using keyword ‘LEG’ Ô Term description Keyword Adjusting;brace;leg LEGS Admin;legal report LEGAL Advice/education;legal LEGAL Cellulitis;leg LEGS Corked leg LEGS Cramp(s);calf LEGS Cramp(s);leg LEGS Cramp(s);thigh LEGS CT scan;leg LEGS Deformity;limb;acquired LEGS Disease;Legionnaires LEGIONNAIR Fitting (of);brace;leg LEGS Footdrop LEGS Fracture;leg LEGS Inflammation;musculo LEGS Injury;leg LEGS Injury;limb LEGS Mononeuritis;legs LEGS Numbness;leg LEGS Oedema;leg LEGS Pain;leg LEGS Pain;musculoskeletal;leg LEGS Problem;legal LEGAL Referral;financial/legal serv LEGAL Restless legs syndrome LEGS Shin splints LEGS Swollen;leg LEGS Sympt/complaint;leg LEGS Test;Legionnaires antibodies LEGIONNAIR Ulcer;leg LEGS ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 16 of 34 Ultrasound;leg LEGS Varicose veins;inflamed;leg LEGS Varicose veins;leg LEGS Weakness;leg LEGS X-ray;femur LEGS X-ray;leg LEGS X-ray;leg lower LEGS X-ray;tibia/fibula LEGS NB: the number of terms linked to the keyword search ‘leg’ was correct as at July 2004. To check this example for releases dated after July 2004 refer to the Demonstrator (see Section 1). 2.6) Temporary codes: There will be times where a user cannot find an appropriate ICPC-2 PLUS term (and thus a code) when using ICPC-2 PLUS. The user can ring our Help Line on +61 2 9845 8151. However, he/she may not have the time to telephone, or our Help Line may not be able to provide an immediate answer. Therefore, the system must provide for the user to enter his/her own term until the correct term can be added to ICPC-2 PLUS. These "terms" will be allocated the code J99 (see below for functionality of J codes). These "J99" codes will be unique to each end user’s clinical system. A "Code Confirmation" form is supplied to users (Appendix ‘J Codes’ in the users guide). It can be faxed or posted to the FMRC indicating the medical concept for which a code could not be found and noting the J99 code allocated by the clinical system. Upon notification of a J99 code the FMRC will either determine the appropriate existing code this concept should be allocated to and notify the user, or create a new code in ICPC-2 PLUS for this concept. If a new code is created it will be included in the next ICPC-2 PLUS release, making it available for all users. Functionality of J codes • A user must be able to create a J code to capture concepts for which he/she cannot find a term in ICPC-2 PLUS. The user must give each J code a term. • J codes must always be assigned to the ICPC-2 code J99. Each term must be assigned a six digit ICPC-2 PLUS code. The first three digits of the code are J99 followed by a three digit plus code which is allocated consecutively, the first being 001, then 002 etc. • The system should allow the user to select J99 as a legitimate ICPC code and display its terms for selection. • The users’ clinical system must be able to replace all instances of a selected J99 code in his/her medical records with the correct ICPC-2 PLUS code as directed by the FMRC. This may be most easily done through mapping the J code to an ICPC-2 PLUS code. • After the medical record is corrected the J99 ICPC-2 PLUS code should be flagged ‘inactive’ so it cannot be selected again. • The clinical system should never re-use a J99 term code after it has been allocated. It is imperative that J codes are temporary. This is necessary because J codes are not grouped within the ICPC-2 classification and hence will not be counted in data reports, resulting in incorrect numbers. There is also the risk that a J code will duplicate an existing ICPC-2 PLUS code leading to double ups in the picklist. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 17 of 34 3) Supplementary information for data entry 3.1) Natural Language 3.1.1) Background ‘Natural language’ terms are simplified descriptions of existing ICPC-2 PLUS terms. ICPC-2 PLUS terms are structured with the generic ‘problem’ or ‘procedure’ entered first, followed by terms that give greater specificity, such as the site of the problem. Semicolons separate the terms. This ensures uniformity between the terms. However, this is not the way the terms are commonly spoken. When an ICPC-2 PLUS term is selected, the corresponding natural language term can be stored instead of the original term description. The stored natural language term allows easier understanding of the ICPC-2 PLUS concept, as it is in plain English. 3.1.2) Integrating the natural language functionality Depending on the infrastructure of your clinical software, the natural language function can be integrated in different ways. Option 1: When an ICPC-2 PLUS term is selected, your software can store the ICPC-2 PLUS code alone – and not store either the original term or natural language term. Depending on the type of term preferred, a query can be executed to extract the desired term (original or natural language term). Option 2: Your software can be designed to store either or both the original and the natural language term when an ICPC-2 PLUS term is selected (as well as the ICPC-2 PLUS code). This function can then be incorporated into automatic referral letters, patient reports and medical certificates. Example If the user wants to code ‘leg pain’, the ICPC-2 PLUS term is ‘Pain;leg’ and its corresponding natural language term is ‘leg pain’. Natural language terms are basically the common terms that medical practitioners use. If the keyword ‘leg’ is used to search for leg pain, the picklist generated from that keyword must list all original ICPC-2 PLUS terms attached to the keyword ‘leg’ (as demonstrated in Figure 2). It is important that natural language terms are not substituted for the ICPC-2 PLUS terms in the picklist. 3.1.3) Field Description All active ICPC-2 PLUS terms have an associated natural language term. The natural language term of the corresponding ICPC-2 PLUS term is added into an extra field in the ICPC-2 PLUS Term Table (icpc2trm.csv). This is one of the datafiles sent to developers for each ICPC-2 PLUS release. The field name for natural language terms is ‘nalan50’ and it has a field length of 50 characters. For a full description of the ICPC-2 PLUS Term Table and the Entity-Relationship diagram, see Section 2. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 18 of 34 3.2) Inactive codes 3.2.1) Background Only active ICPC-2 PLUS codes are available for data entry. However if an ICPC-2 PLUS code becomes obsolete it must be removed from data entry, this is done by making these codes inactive. ICPC-2 PLUS codes are never deleted. Instead, their status is changed to “I” for inactive. Terms may be made inactive when: • The term is no longer used in general practice • The location of the code is incorrect • The term has been incorrectly duplicated. Terms that are marked as inactive should not be able to be entered into medical records. An easy way of identifying inactive terms in your system is to check that you don’t have duplicate terms available. Inactive codes should, however, be available for data reporting purposes. Users may have inactive terms saved in their records (entered previously when the term was marked as active). These terms must still be accessible when the user runs a historical data report. All terms that are made inactive are ‘mapped’ to an active term. This means that, even though the term is no longer used, there is a similar term that can be used to record and report the data. 3.2.2) Table Description The status of terms within ICPC-2 PLUS is found as an extra field in the ICPC-2 PLUS Term Table (icpc2trm.csv). This is one of the datafiles sent to developers for each ICPC-2 PLUS release. The field name is ‘status’ and it has a field length of 1. There are two valid values entered in this field: ‘A’: indicates that the term is active, and can be used for data entry in ICPC-2 PLUS. ‘I’: indicates that the term is inactive. These terms should only be used for data reporting purposes. Any term with a status of ‘I’ should not be used for data entry. Updated April/July 2004 Replacement codes for inactive terms. In the April 2004 release, the ICPC-2 PLUS term table (icpc2trm.csv) had a new field added called ‘replacement’, which is 6 characters in length (Please see Sections 2.22.4 for more details about design). This field is used when terms are made inactive, and states the active term to which the inactive term is mapped. The replacement codes (where applicable) should be used for selection and groupings to generate correct report output. This may require an extra step during the report generation process. You may update the patient record with the new replacement code only if the system keeps a history of changes. When the term is active, this field will be null. The inclusion of this field in the icpc2trm CSV file means that we will no longer provide you with the ‘Replacement Code Status’ document. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 19 of 34 4) Additional reference material on ICPC-2 4.1) Background There are four tables provided as part of each ICPC-2 PLUS update, these are additional to the tables updated regularly. These tables usually remain unchanged during each update, and are sent to you as CSV files. The purpose of these tables is to apply different aspects of the ICPC-2 classification to the data coded in the clinical system. 4.2) Table Description There are four tables icpc2cha, icpc2com, icpc2res and icpc2cod included in this section. An Entity-Relationship diagram is also enclosed. CHAPTER TABLE (icpc2cha.csv) chapter chapname Char(1) Char(50) Chapter table (icpc2cha.csv) This table outlines the ICPC-2 chapters, as described in Section 1. COMPONENT TABLE (icpc2com.csv) component compname Char(2) Char(50) Component table (icpc2com.csv) This table outlines the ICPC-2 components, described in Section 1. Note that, when component is used elsewhere, the component Component '7' (Diagnoses and diseases) has been replaced by Components 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 and that ICPC-2 Component 7 is made up of Components 8 – 12 inclusive. ICPC-2 CODE TABLE (icpc2cod.csv) icpccode Char(3) rubric Char(50) component Char(2) chapter Char(1) note Char(5) icd10 Char(15) ICPC-2 code table (icpc2cod.csv) This table summarises each ICPC-2 code (or rubric). It states the alpha-numeric code and its rubric, along with the chapter and component each ICPC-2 code belongs to. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 20 of 34 The ‘note’ and ‘icd10’ fields are currently not used. Developers may also ignore/delete the contents of the ‘note’ and ‘icd10’ columns from their systems without impairing functionality of the coding system. RESEARCH TABLE (icpc2res.csv) chapter Char(1) component Char(2) rfrom Char(6) rto Char(6) grouping Char(35) Research table (icpc2res.csv) This table has now been removed from use and does not need to be implemented. The function of selecting records based on the ICPC-2 chapter and component is now made using the ICPC-2 code table and the two related tables (chapter, component). This is described in Section 4.5. 4.3) Field descriptions Field Name Chapname Chapter Compname Component Grouping icd10 icpccode Note Rfrom Rto Rubric Field Description Label for ICPC-2 chapter code. Single alphabetic character of chapter as defined by ICPC-2. Label for ICPC-2 chapter code. Numeric code of components as defined by ICPC-2 (1-7) and extended by FMRC so that chapter 7 is further defined as components 8 to 12. Currently not used and is blank. ICPC-2 to ICD10 map. Currently not used and is blank. The 3 digit alpha-numeric ICPC-2 code. Currently not used and is blank. Starting ICPC-2 code of range (inclusive). Ending ICPC-2 code of range (inclusive). Label of the ICPC-2 code. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 21 of 34 4.4) Entity Relationship Diagram icpc2cod.csv icpccode icpc2com.csv component rubric 1:m chapter (FK) compname icpc2cha.csv component (FK) m:1 note chapter chapname icd10 Legend: table_name Key Attributes Non-Key Attributes FK = Foreign Key 1:m = one-to-many relationship eg. a one-to-many with the right hand side with at least one. As shown in the Entity-Relationship diagram above; • The component from the COMPONENT Table (icpc2com.csv) has a one-to-many relationship with the component from the ICPC-2 CODE Table (icpc2cod.csv). • The chapter from the CHAPTER Table (icpc2cha.csv) has a one-to-many relationship with the component from the ICPC-2 CODE Table (icpc2cod.csv). ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 22 of 34 4.5) Use of ICPC-2 reference tables These four tables provide greater detail about the information stored within the users’ clinical system by applying different aspects of the ICPC-2 classification to these data. The different structures of ICPC-2 are outlined in Section 1 and are applied to the data in clinical systems using these tables. The chapter table and component tables are reference tables used by the research and code tables. The research table is a summary table that allows users to search on components or chapters of ICPC-2 for purposes of self-audit or research. The ICPC-2 code table is also a summary table however it also lists the ICPC-2 codes and rubrics enabling selection on either the ICPC-2 code, component or chapter. 4.6) Functionality requirements Users are encouraged to use the functionality of the output grouper files as outlined in Section 5 entitled ‘Data Reports’. There are three possible ways of searching for records using these data tables: searching on chapter or component individually, or combining the two for a more specific search. For example, • A search for all skin related conditions (chapter S) would return all records/encounters containing codes from the skin chapter. • A search for all neoplasms (component 9) would return all records/encounters that contain neoplasm codes. • A search for all skin neoplasms would use a combination of chapter S and component 9. The resulting search should return all records/encounters where a skin neoplasm code was saved. Note: At least one of the component or chapter fields must be specified to conduct a valid search. If a chapter or component is not specified the search must find all records/encounters in the unspecified field. ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 23 of 34 5) Data reports 5.1) Background ICPC-2 PLUS can also be used to create data reports, using the codes stored within medical records during the data input phase. Users may wish to utilise this part of the system for a variety of reasons, including: • self audit • to count the number of cases of a selected problem • for patient recall or mail merge • to report to Government for the Practice Incentive Program (PIP) payments, on the number of cases of specific problems that they manage. The FMRC has therefore developed files for data reports, based on ICPC-2 PLUS, which are based on two levels within the coding system: 1. ICPC-2 Classification As described in Section 1, classifying data is about ordering data into meaningful groups. The ICPC-2 classification groups concepts that can then be used to create data reports. An example: If the users want to find, or count, all their patients who have Insulin dependent diabetes— IDDM is classified in ICPC-2 as Diabetes, insulin dependent – code T89. It has many PLUS terms, each of which has its own code, allowing the user to select the term they prefer when putting the data IN. These PLUS terms include: § T89 001 Diabetes;insulin dependent § T89 002 Diabete;Type 1 § T89 003 Diabetes;complicated § T89 004 Diabetes;juvenile onset § T89 005 Coma;diabetic § T89 006 Hyperglycaemia (diabetic) However, for data reports when they want to identify or count patients with IDDM, they have to find all the records with ANY of these PLUS terms in them. They do this by using the ICPC-2 classification code T89 (diabetes, insulin dependent) which is common to all the above term codes. 2. Higher level groupers Sometimes, there are similar terms that fall into different ICPC-2 codes. This requires grouping of multiple ICPC-2 codes (and sometimes, as in osteoarthritis, grouping of multiple PLUS codes that cross over the ICPC-2 classification codes). We have created standard groupers (G codes) to facilitate searches in such circumstances. An example: • What about if the users wanted to identify or count all the patients with ANY kind of diabetes? In that case they would need to find all the records that included ANY of three ICPC-2 classification codes- T89 (IDDM); T90 (NIDDM) and W85 (gestational diabetes). This is time consuming and may be inaccurate. Instead, they could select a GROUPER code rather than any of the ICPC-2 codes alone. If you enter ‘DIAB’ or ‘IDDM’ or ‘NIDDM’ (etc) as a key word in the reporting mechanism of your software, the system must offer the end-user a list of classification ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 24 of 34 codes and grouper codes that are linked to this key word. (Note there are two Grouper codes included in the resulting list of possible concepts available for a search). These would include: • G40 Diabetes (all) • G77 Diabetes (non-gestational) • T89 IDDM • T90 NIDDM The end user can then select the concept at the level of specificity required. Your program then needs to find all records that include any of the codes attached to this concept (counting or identifying each record only once, irrespective of possible multiple cases within an individual record). The concepts provided for data reports are limited to: • all individual ICPC-2 codes; AND (within the same file) • an additional set of higher level grouper codes (the codes of which all start with the letter ‘G’) The users should NOT be allowed (at this stage) to search on an individual ICPC-2 PLUS term for diagnosis/symptom/disease. They must only be able to get data out in the classified/grouped manner. Otherwise they find it difficult to retrieve reliable output. Keywords in the output file We have created a keyword list specifically for use with the files for data reports. Users can then use this list to choose the level at which they would like to analyse their data. The keyword list has been shortened for data reports, and only the most logical and likely connections between keywords and concepts are retained. • You MUST use the output keyword list when working with these files for reporting output. Do not use the much larger data input keyword file for data output. Remember: • PLUS terms are for getting the data IN to the record: The PLUS terms used in the health record are provided so that the user has sufficient specificity in the record, for quality and continuity of care – these are provided to ensure the user can record the problem in their preferred form and that this will be retained in the record for continuity of individual care. • Getting the data OUT should rely on use of the ICPC-2 classification or grouped ICPC-2 classification codes – not on the PLUS terms. The classification allows you to group like with like in a logical manner. The first three digits of the ICPC-2 PLUS (6 digit) code, designate its place in the ICPC-2 CLASSIFICATION. • Like the keyword search system used by data input (Section 2) the output Keyword search system matches the start of the word. A 4-character word (e.g. diab) would match all keywords with the matching first four characters (e.g. DIABETES, DIABETIC). ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 25 of 34 • • Spelling differences can cause a false negative result. If no groupers are found then the users should be encouraged to type in the first 3 or 4 characters of the word being searched. You can assist the user by providing a picklist of keywords, but users must also be able to enter free text in this field (i.e. cannot allow keywords to be pick list only). If there is any problem with finding data or keyword connections then the user or developer should contact us. We believe it essential that we work together to ensure the users can get reliable and meaningful data out of their records easily. Otherwise they will lose interest in using their computerised medical records for data retrieval. 5.2) Table Description Four grouper tables have been created. These are:1. grp_Keyword 2. grp_Keyword_Grouper 3. grp_Grouper 4. grp_Grouper_Icpc A description of these is shown in the tables below. An Entity-Relationship diagram is shown in Section 5.3. The column definitions for each of the tables are provided below. grp_Keyword (grp_keyword.csv) keyword_id keyword Integer Char(20) grp_Keyword_Grouper (grp_kwd_grp.csv) keyword_id grouper_id Integer Integer grp_Grouper (grp_grouper.csv) grouper_id grouper grouper_description Integer Char(3) Char(60) grp_Grouper_Icpc (grp_grp_icpc.csv) grouper_id icpc_code Integer Char(6) ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 26 of 34 Legend: 5.3) Entity Relationship Diagram table_name Key Attributes grp_Keyword Non-Key Attributes keyword_id FK = Foreign Key 1:m = one-to-many relationship eg. a one-to-many with the right hand side with at least one. keyword grp_Keyword_Grouper 1:m keyword_id (FK) grouper_id (FK) 1:m grp_Grouper grouper_id Grouper Grouper_Description 1:m grp_Grouper_Icpc grouper_id (FK) ICPC_code (FK) The ICPC_code is used to identify matching ICPC codes in other data tables The keyword_id from the grp_Keyword Table has a one-to-many relationship with the keyword_id of the grp_Keyword_Grouper Table. • The grouper_id of the grp_Keyword_Grouper Table has a many-to-one relationship to the grouper_id of the grp_Grouper Table. • The grouper_id of the grp_Grouper Table has a one-to-many relationship with the grouper_id of the grp_Grouper_Icpc Table. • The icpc_code of the grp_Grouper_Icpc Table will have a many-to-many relationship with icpc_code fields of other data tables. This seems to be unavoidable but we will show you later how to make use of it. 5.4) Use of grouper files for data output This section details the use of these tables and functionality to include for the user. It includes examples using Microsoft Access SQL queries. You will need to investigate different techniques to develop the best method for implementation with your software. It is recommended to save the 6 character combined ICPC-2 code and term code. You may need to create search optimised tables by joining some tables together (denormalise) before updating the client software. Also be aware that grouper files apply to the replacement code of an inactive term and not the inactive term itself. 1. Keyword entry – list matching groupers The User must be able to type in a keyword and given the choice of groupers which are linked to the keywords. ‘ALCOHOL’ would be a ‘ALCOHOL*’ pattern match to any grouper linked to ‘ALCOHOL’, ‘ALCOHOLIC’ or ‘ALCOHOLISM’ keywords. The user will then select the grouper that they are interested in. For example, when using MS Access a SQL query would use search criteria such as SELECT DISTINCT grp_Grouper.Grouper, grp_Grouper.Grouper_Description FROM grp_Keyword INNER JOIN (grp_Grouper INNER JOIN grp_Keyword_Grouper ON grp_Grouper.Grouper_id = grp_Keyword_Grouper.Grouper_id) ON grp_Keyword.Keyword_id = grp_Keyword_Grouper.Keyword_id WHERE (((grp_Keyword.Keyword) Like "cancer*")) ORDER BY grp_Grouper.Grouper; For more generic searches build the query using a variable in the WHERE clause eg. WHERE (((grp_Keyword.Keyword) Like [kwd] & "*")) The groupers for the keyword ‘cancer’ are Grouper Grouper_Description A26 FEAR, CANCER NOS A79 MALIGNANCY NOS B26 FEAR, CANCER BLOOD/LYMPH D26 FEAR, CANCER DIGESTIVE SYSTEM D77 MALIGNT NEOPLASM DIGEST OTHER F74 NEOPLASM OF EYE/ADNEXA G71 NEOPLASMS MALIGNANT (ALL) G74 NEOPLASMS (ALL) L26 FEAR, CANCER MUSCULOSKELETA N26 FEAR OF CANCER OF NEUROLOGICAL SYSTEM R26 FEAR, CANCER RESPIRATORY SYS ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 28 of 34 S26 T26 U26 X25 X26 Y26 FEAR, CANCER SKIN FEAR, CANCER ENDOCRINE SYSTE FEAR OF CANCER OF URINARY SYSTEM FEAR, CANCER GENITAL (F) FEAR, CANCER BREAST(F) FEAR, CANCER GENITAL (M) 2. Grouper selection – make temporary list of ICPC codes to match The grouper selected by the user is used to filter the grp_Grouper_Icpc table. This list of ICPC-2 codes and ICPC-2 PLUS codes is used as selection criteria for the ICPC-2 PLUS codes stored in patient records. For example, Selecting the group G74, NEOPLASMS (ALL) SELECT grp_Grouper_Icpc.ICPC_code FROM grp_Grouper INNER JOIN grp_Grouper_Icpc ON grp_Grouper.Grouper_id = grp_Grouper_Icpc.Grouper_id WHERE (((grp_Grouper.Grouper)="G74")) ORDER BY grp_Grouper_Icpc.ICPC_code; ICPC_code A79 A99018 A99019 B72 B73 B74 B75 D74 D75 D76 D77 D78 F74 H75 K72 L71 … L97 N74 N75 N76 R84 R85 R86 R92 S77 S78 S79 S80 S81 T71 T72 T73 U75 U76 U77 U78 U79 W72 W73 X75 X76 X77 X78 X79 X80 X81 Y77 Y78 Y79 … ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 29 of 34 3. Search data file for records with matching ICPC-2 PLUS codes Records are retrieved that have ICPC codes belonging to the selected group. It is important to understand that if an ICPC–2 code is tied to the grouper (e.g. A94), the query to be undertaken must pick up all the ICPC–2 PLUS codes of A94 (i.e. A94001, A94002, A94003 etc.). Remember that if the ICPC–code is a rubric (e.g. Y88) all the ICPC–2 PLUS codes underneath Y88 (i.e. Y88001, Y88002 etc) should be included as part of the query. There are many different ways to implement this step depending on the database system, record structure, SQL features used, programming and user interface. Step 2 & 3 can be joined and executed in a single step. You may have to search many patient related records to find patients who had a condition that matches the selected grouper. If the user is locating patients with a particular problem then the patient details (and relevant conditions) should appear together in the output. If there is a count of patients having had a particular condition then multiple occurrences for the same patient should be counted as 1 patient. For example, a) Creating a list of ICPC-2 PLUS codes belonging to the grouper ‘G47’ using a table of ICPC-2 PLUS codes named ‘tblicpccode’. Query is named “qry ICPC code expansion” SELECT tblicpccode.ICPCCODE FROM (grp_Grouper INNER JOIN grp_Grouper_Icpc ON grp_Grouper.Grouper_id = grp_Grouper_Icpc.Grouper_id) INNER JOIN tblicpccode ON tblicpccode.ICPCCODE like (grp_Grouper_Icpc.ICPC_code & "*") WHERE (((grp_Grouper.Grouper)="G74")); b) Use above query as a sub-query to locate patient encounters with a condition in the list. SELECT EncID, patientid, Problem FROM encounter WHERE (((encounter.Problem) In (select icpccode as Problem from [qry ICPC code expansion]))); ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 30 of 34 c) Use sub-query to search for patients using in-line statements (This example a bit more complex) SELECT DISTINCT patient.patientid, patient.FirstName, patient.LastName FROM encounter INNER JOIN patient ON encounter.patientid = patient.patientid WHERE (encounter.Problem in (SELECT tblicpccode.ICPCCODE as Problem FROM (grp_Grouper INNER JOIN grp_Grouper_Icpc ON grp_Grouper.Grouper_id = grp_Grouper_Icpc.Grouper_id) INNER JOIN tblicpccode ON tblicpccode.ICPCCODE like grp_Grouper_Icpc.ICPC_code + "*" WHERE (((grp_Grouper.Grouper)='G74')))) ORDER BY patient.LastName, patient.FirstName; d) Use a join to select records that match either of two fields using the like operator. SELECT encid, Problem1, Problem2 FROM (grp_Grouper INNER JOIN grp_Grouper_Icpc ON grp_Grouper.Grouper_id = grp_Grouper_Icpc.Grouper_id) INNER JOIN [tbl problem] ON [tbl problem].Problem1 like (grp_Grouper_Icpc.ICPC_code & "*") or [tbl problem].Problem2 like (grp_Grouper_Icpc.ICPC_code & "*") WHERE (((grp_Grouper.Grouper)="G74")); 4. Search optimisation. You will likely have to create your own custom tables (denormalise) to speed up grouper selection and record searches. These would be indexed and optimised for runtime performance and improve useability. For example: 1) Create a table for speed selection of grouper: INSERT INTO SelectGrouper (Keyword, Grouper, Grouper_Description) SELECT DISTINCT K.Keyword, G.Grouper, G.Grouper_Description FROM grp_Grouper AS G INNER JOIN (grp_Keyword AS K INNER JOIN grp_Keyword_Grouper AS KG ON K.Keyword_id = KG.Keyword_id) ON G.Grouper_id = KG.Grouper_id; 2) Create a table to speed in the resolution of ICPC codes (3 or 6 character) to match stored medical records. INSERT INTO SearchGrouper (Grouper, ICPCCODE) SELECT G.Grouper, ICPC.ICPCcode FROM (grp_Grouper AS G INNER JOIN grp_Grouper_Icpc AS GI ON G.Grouper_id = GI.Grouper_id) INNER JOIN icpc2trm AS ICPC ON GI.ICPC_code = ICPC.ICPCcode ORDER BY G.Grouper, ICPC.ICPCcode; 3) Use the "grp_Keyword" table if you have a keyword picklist. 4) The user enters a keyword or the start of a keyword. E.g. "diab" ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 31 of 34 5) Search the groupers using the "SelectGrouper" custom table using the Keyword like search_keyword*. Present the list of groupers and description for user to pick from. SELECT DISTINCT SG.Grouper_Description, SG.Grouper FROM SelectGrouper as SG WHERE (SG.Keyword Like [Grouperkw] & "*") ORDER BY Left([Grouper],1)="G", SG.Grouper_Description; Eg. for "diab" users) Keyword DIABETES DIABETES DIABETES DIABETES DIABETES DIABETES DIABETIC DIABETIC (keyword shown for developer reference and would not be shown to Grouper G40 G77 T27 T89 T90 W85 F83 N94 Grouper_Description DIABETES (ALL) DIABETES (NON-GESTATIONAL) FEAR, ENDOCRINE/METABOLIC DI DIABETES, INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES, NON-INSULIN DEPENDEN GESTATIONAL DIABETES RETINOPATHY PERIPHERAL NEURITIS/NEUROPATHY 7) Search the medical records using the icpccodes returned from the "SearchGrouper" custom table using the selected grouper code. eg. "T89" for insulin dependent Diabetes which excludes gestational diabetes. SELECT encdata.diag, encdata.patientid FROM encdata INNER JOIN SearchGrouper ON SearchGrouper.diag & "*" WHERE grouper = [selectedgrouper]; eg. for "T89". Grouper icpccode TermDescription T89 T89001 Diabetes;insulin dependent T89 T89002 Diabetes;Type 1 T89 T89003 Diabetes;juvenile onset T89 T89004 Diabetes;complicated T89 T89005 Coma;diabetic T89 T89006 Hyperglycaemia (diabetic) T89 T89007 Ulcer;diabetic ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers encdata.diag like Page 32 of 34 8) Display listing of medical records found to match. Report summary would include the description of the selected grouper. Each encounter listed in the result would show the ICPC-2 PLUS term description or corresponding natural language term (see Section 2). Example for "T89" Report Page 1 of 1 All patients with a diagnosis of "DIABETES, INSULIN DEPENDENT (T89)". Date 1/5/2003 12/6/2003 18/5/2003 Last Name Dee Doe Nobody First Name Jenny John Jake Age 12 8 14 ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Gender F M M Diagnosis Diabetes;juvenile Diabetes;Type 1 Hyperglycaemia Page 33 of 34 Appendices Appendix A - DEVELOPERS LICENCE / CONTRACT ICPC-2 PLUS : Functionality requirements for developers Page 34 of 34 THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY International Classification of Primary Care - Version 2 and ICPC-2 PLUS Services Agreement Schedule Principal THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY Contact Family Medicine Research Centre Acacia House Westmead Hospital WESTMEAD NSW 2145 Tel: Fax: 61 2 9845 8151 61 2 9845 8155 Contractor Contact Name: Address: Telephone: Facsimile: Appointment date IMPORTANT This agreement contains some important clauses which are set out in the following pages. Please read them carefully. ICPC-2 Plus : Developer contract - 2003 Page 1 of 10 Terms of agreement 1. Dictionary 1.1 Definitions: In this agreement, the following words have these meanings when appearing in the text with a capital letter. Associated Documents Any materials in hard copy or disk format that are designed to assist a User or supplement a User's understanding or application of the Database. Database One or both of these databases known as ICPC (the International Classification of Primary Care) designed by the Classification Committee of the World Organisation of National Colleges, Academies, and Academic Associations of General Practitioners/Family Physicians or ICPC PLUS (an extended database of coded medical terms and keywords classified according to ICPC). Intellectual Property Any Intellectual Property right including any patent, copyright, rights in circuit layouts, registered design, trademark or the right to have confidential information kept confidential and any application or right to apply for registration of any of these rights. Licence An agreement executed by the Principal and a User authorising the User to operate the Database. Services Those Services to be performed by the Contractor as described in Clause 3.1. Site One or more computers owned or operated by a User onto which the database will be loaded. Software The medical systems software to be supplied by the Contractor to a user on which the Database will be run. Upgrade Revision of an existing version of the Database supplied to you with this licence. User A person who executes a Licence. ICPC-2 Plus : Developer contract - 2003 Page 2 of 10 1.2 Interpretation: In this agreement, unless the contrary intention appears:- (a) a reference to this agreement or another document includes a variation or replacement of them. (b) a reference to a statute, ordinance, code, or other law includes a regulation or other instrument made under it, and any consolidation, amendment, reenactment or replacement of any of them. (c) the singular includes the plural and vice versa. (d) the word person includes a firm, a partnership, body corporate, an unincorporated association or an authority. (e) a reference to a person includes a reference to a person's executors, administrators, successors, substitutes and assigns (f) an agreement, representation or warranty given by or given in favour of two or more persons binds or is for the benefit of them jointly and severally (g) a reference to a clause or a schedule is a reference to a clause or a schedule in this agreement and (h) a reference to any thing (including, without limitation, an amount) is a reference to the whole of or any part of it, and a reference to a group of persons is a reference to any one or more of them. 1.3 Headings Headings are inserted for convenience only and do not affect the interpretation of this agreement. 2. Term and termination 2.1 Term defined: This agreement begins on the appointment date described in the schedule, and remains in force until it is terminated under clause 2.2 or 2.3. 2.2 Termination by either party: Either party may terminate this agreement at any time by notifying the other party one (1) month in advance. A notice given under this clause does not affect any Service to be performed by the Contractor that has been requested by the Principal before the termination date specified in the notice. 2.3 Termination by Principal: The Principal may terminate this agreement at any time, by notifying the Contractor seven (7) days in advance if:(a) the Contractor, being a corporation, becomes insolvent in the circumstances contemplated by section 459C of the Corporations Law (b) an application is made to a court for an order, or an order is made, that the Contractor be wound up ICPC-2 Plus : Developer contract - 2003 Page 3 of 10 2.4 (c) the Contractor, being an individual, becomes insolvent under administration defined under the Corporations Law, or action is taken which could result in that event (d) the Contractor does not observe an obligation under clause 8 or 10, or (e) the Contractor does not observe any other obligation under this agreement within fourteen (14) days of being notified to do so. If this agreement is terminated for any reason, the Obligations on termination: Contractor must deliver to the Principal within seven (7) days of the termination date:(a) all copies of the Database (including any items supplied under clause 5.1 and then in the contractor's possession. (b) a report about the status of any Services commenced before, but not completed by, the termination date and (c) a notice addressed to the Principal certifying that:(i) the Contractor has delivered to the Principal all copies of the database and any associated documents in its possession and (ii) the Contractor has not supplied any copies of the database or associated documents to any person in breach of this agreement. 3. Services 3.1 Defined: The Contractor agrees to provide the Services in a form and at those times mutually agreed with the Principal, taking into account the individual requirements of Users. 3.2 Non-exclusivity: This agreement does not confer on the Contractor any exclusive right to perform the Services for the Principal. 3.3 Employees: The Contractor is fully responsible for ensuring that its employees or any other persons otherwise engaged by the Contractor to perform the Services observe the Contractor's obligations under this agreement at all times. 4. Status of Contractor 4.1 Defined: The Contractor is not a partner, employee or agent of the Principal and has no direct or indirect authority to bind the Principal to any agreement with another person. The contractor is only authorised to perform services. This agreement also does not confer on the Contractor any status or right as a licensee or distributor of the Database. ICPC-2 Plus : Developer contract - 2003 Page 4 of 10 4.2 Discretion: The Principal acknowledges that, provided the Contractor otherwise observes its obligations under this agreement, the Contractor is entitled to exercise independent discretion as to the most appropriate and effective manner of performing services. 4.3 Promotion: The Principal has no obligation to promote or recommend the contractor to any person, nor to identify suitable work opportunities for the Contractor. 4.4 Taxation: The Principal has no responsibility to pay any superannuation, worker's compensation insurance tax incidental to employment in respect of the Services to the Contractor, or any person employed or otherwise engaged by the Contractor to perform services 5. Principal's obligations 5.1 Database and Associated Documents: On or shortly after the execution of this agreement, the Principal must supply the contractor with:- 5.2 (a) one (1) master copy of the current version of the Database in general market release (b) a description of the files in the Database (c) details of the software functionality requirements for use and operation of the Database (d) one (1) hard copy and one (1) disk copy of the User's Guide for the Database and (e) one (1) hard copy of any other Associated Documents available in connection with the use or operation of the Database Upgrades: The Principal must also supply the Contractor with the items described in clause 5.1 in relation to any upgrades as and when these become available for general release. Upgrades may occur by one of the following methods:*strike out whichever does not apply *Automatic upgrade The Principal will supply the upgrade in disk directly to the User where the software is able to automatically update the Database from the Upgrade disk supplied. *Manual upgrade The Principal will supply the Contractor with one (1) copy of the Upgrade in the format described in clause 5.1 and the Contractor will be responsible for integrating that Upgrade into the Contractor's Software and integrating it at the relevant Site. ICPC-2 Plus : Developer contract - 2003 Page 5 of 10 5.3 Execution of Licence: The Principal must notify the Contractor as soon as practicable after a User executes a Licence:(a) that the Contractor is authorised to proceed with performing the services and (b) which Database the User is authorised to operate under that licence 5.4 Failure to renew Licence: The Principal will notify the Contractor within one (1) month after the due annual renewal date for that Licence if a User does not renew its Licence with the Principal or if the Licence is otherwise terminated. If this occurs, the Contractor must not supply the User with any further copies of the Database or Associated Documents. 6. Performing the Services 6.1 Warranties: The Contractor represents and warrants to the Principal that the Contractor and its employees possess appropriate qualifications, training, expertise and experience to enable the Contractor to perform its obligations under this agreement. 6.2 Decompiling, copying and customising: The Contractor may decompile, copy or customise a Database, but only to the extent necessary to integrate the Database into the software and load it at a site. 6.3 Back up copies: The Contractor may make copies of any master copy of a Database and Associated Documents supplied under this agreement for back up or archival purposes only. 6.4 Licences: The Contractor must not install and load a Database at a Site unless the Contractor first receives notification from the Principal under clause 5.3 7. Training users 7.1 Responsibility: It is the responsibility of the Contractor, if requested by a User to do so, to provide adequate and professional training on how to operate the Database installed at that User's Site. The extent and cost of training shall be a matter negotiated between the Contractor and the User directly. Under no circumstances will the Principal be held responsible for:- 7.2 (a) any claim by a User that training provided by the Contractor under this clause is inadequate or inaccurate or (b) any costs payable to the Contractor for the provision of training under this clause Associated Documents: The Principal will supply to the contractor enough copies of Associated Documents to enable each User to properly operate each Database no later than fourteen (14) days after that user executes a licence. ICPC-2 Plus : Developer contract - 2003 Page 6 of 10 8. Intellectual Property 8.1 Ownership: Each Database, and any Associated Documents, are protected by Australian laws and international treaties relating to Intellectual Property. The Contractor must not do anything that prejudices or infringes Intellectual Property rights in the Database or Associated Documents, or which has the potential to do so. 8.2 Copyright notices: The contractor must reproduce copyright notices on all copies of the Database and Associated Documents made by the Contractor. 8.3 Defending third party claims: The Principal agrees to:(a) defend at its cost any claim or legal action against the Contractor alleging the Database or any Associated Document infringes Australian copyright and (b) to pay all costs and damages finally awarded against the Contractor, on the conditions that (i) the Contractor notifies the Principal promptly in writing about that claim or action (ii) the Principal has the right to decide whether to defend the claim or action or to settle or reach a compromise of that claim or legal action (iii) the Contractor gives the Principal all information and documents in its possession relating to that claim or action, and other reasonable assistance to enable the Principal to defend that action or claim properly (iv) the Principal has the right to replace or modify the Database or Associated Documents so that it becomes non-infringing or to procure for the Contractor authority to continue the use and possession of the Database or Associated Documents as contemplated by the agreement. 8.4 No liability: The Principal has no liability if the claim or action is based upon the use, licence or sale of the Database or Associated Documents in:(a) combination with other products (including Software) or (b) breach by the Contractor of its obligations under this agreement. 9. Warranties 9.1 Defined: The Principal warrants to the Contractor that:(a) to the best of its knowledge, information and belief, the supply of the Database and Associated Documents under, and use of them as contemplated under this agreement, does not infringe the Intellectual Property rights of another person and (b) the version(s) of each Database, as supplied to the Contractor from time to ICPC-2 Plus : Developer contract - 2003 Page 7 of 10 time during the term of this agreement, integrates(s) all current Upgrades in general market release. 9.2 9.3 Exclusion of warranties: The Principal supplies the Database to the Contractor on an "as is" basis only and without any knowledge or understanding of the Contractor's Software or the Contractor's obligations to Users. To the extent that the Principal is permitted to do so under state or federal laws, the Principal excludes from this agreement any express or implied warranties that the Database and Associated Documents:(a) are of merchantable quality or can be used for a particular purpose (b) contain data or information that is accurate, up to date or reliable (c) are compatible for use with Software or (d) are suitable for the particular purpose for which the Contractor intends to use it. Limitation: However, if the Principal does become liable for breach of a condition or warranty implied in this agreement by the Trade Practice Act 1974 (Cth) and which cannot be modified or excluded by that Act, then the Principal's liability is limited to it's choice of one or more of these remedies:(a) replacement of the Database or Associated Documents or (b) the cost of supplying the contractor with goods equivalent to the Database. Under no circumstances does the Principal's liability extend to any other remedy for any loss or damage the Contractor suffers arising from a breach of a condition or warranty implied into this agreement or otherwise or any defect in the Database or Associated Documents as the result of or connected with:(i) defective storage, transportation, installation or maintenance by the Contractor or any other person (ii) mismanagement by the Contractor (iii) modification, operation or use of either of them in a manner not contemplated by this agreement or (iv) the Contractor's failure to comply with this agreement. This exclusion of liability includes without limitation any direct or consequential loss or damage, such as loss of data or loss of profits. ICPC-2 Plus : Developer contract - 2003 Page 8 of 10 10. Confidentiality 10.1 Security: The Contractor must ensure that any documents or information given to it by the Principal for a purpose connected with the Services is kept confidential and secure from unauthorised access at all times. 10.2 Disclosure to employees: The Contractor may disclose any documents or information given to it by the principal to any employee or other person engaged to perform the Services by the Contract, but only to the extent necessary to enable that person to properly perform the Services. 11. Consideration 11.1 Defined: The Principal agrees to pay the Contractor ten dollars ($10.00) as consideration for the Services, when the parties sign this agreement. The Contractor is not entitled to receive from the Principal any other fee for the services. 12. Indemnity 12.1 Nature: The Contractor indemnifies the Principal against any claim, loss, damage or cost (including legal costs) the Principal suffers, and arising from a breach of the Contractor's obligations under this agreement, or the Contractor's performance of Services while this agreement remains in force. 12.2 Scope: This indemnity is a separate obligation of the Contractor, survives termination or expiry of this agreement, and includes legal costs in a full indemnity basis. 13. Notices 13.1 A notice or other communication given under or about this Requirements: agreement must be:(a) in writing (b) signed by the authorised officer of the party giving the notice or communication described in the schedule and (c) delivered, or sent by ordinary pre-paid post, or transmitted to the addressee's facsimile described in the schedule, or another address or facsimile number notified by the addressee. Unless a later time is specified in it, a notice given under or about this agreement takes effect from the time it is received. 13.2 Receipt: A notice or communication given under or about this agreement is taken to be received (as the case may be):(a) on the date of delivery ICPC-2 Plus : Developer contract - 2003 Page 9 of 10 (b) three (3) days after posting or (c) when the sender receives a report that a facsimile has been transmitted in its entirety to the addressee 14. Assigning this agreement 14.1 By Contractor: The Contractor must not assign or otherwise deal with a right or benefit given to it under this agreement, without first obtaining the written permission of the Principal. 14.2 By Principal: If the Principal assigns or sub-licenses a right or a benefit given under this agreement, the Principal's rights, benefits and obligations under this agreement terminate immediately that assignment or sub-licence occurs. If the Principal assigns or sub-licenses a right or a benefit given under this agreement, the Principal must ensure that any right or obligation assigned or sub-licensed is in identical terms to the relevant terms of this agreement. 15. Governing law 15.1 Jurisdiction: agreement The laws in force in New South Wales govern the terms of this Signatures Principal Date Authorised signatory Contractor Date Authorised signatory ICPC-2 Plus : Developer contract - 2003 Page 10 of 10 Appendix B - INFORMATION FOR USERS 14/8/2003 ICPC-2 PLUS INFORMATION FOR USERS WHAT IS ICPC-2 PLUS? The International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC-2) is a classification designed for primary care, developed by the World Organisation of Family Doctors (Wonca). It classifies information relating to why the patient has come for the consultation (the reasons for encounter), the problems managed during the encounter, procedures, referrals, imaging and pathology tests. ICPC-2 has been endorsed as the Australian standard for classification in general practice and patient self-reported data, and is distributed exclusively in Australia by the Family Medicine Research Centre (FMRC) at the University of Sydney. ICPC-2 PLUS is an extended terminology based on ICPC-2. It has been designed specifically for use in electronic health records. It was developed using over one million encounter records and therefore uses terms that are common in Australian general practice. ICPC-2 PLUS can be used in software available from a number of software companies, including Medical Spectrum Solutions, Medtech Healthcare, Genie Solutions, Intrahealth Systems and Synapse Medical Systems. At present approximately 1,500 GPs in Australia use ICPC-2 PLUS, and it is also used in various research projects and co-ordinated care trials. HOW DOES IT WORK? ICPC-2 PLUS allows users to record information in electronic health records in a reliable and consistent way, by attaching a ‘code’ to the term you choose. Using keywords that are common in everyday general practice, ICPC-2 PLUS does all the work for you in the background. You won‘t even be aware that you are coding and classifying the information! All you have to do is type in the first part of a keyword and select the term you want to use – you don’t have to type whole words or phrases! When you subscribe to ICPC-2 PLUS we give you a User Guide, which lists all the keywords available. ICPC-2 PLUS is updated regularly, and if there is a term you use that isn’t included, we would love to hear from you! Example Mr Jones has come in for his regular diabetes check-up. In the reason for encounter section of your record (if your software provider allows for this) you type in ‘CHECK’ (part of the keyword ‘CHECKUP’). You are then presented with a list of terms. One of these terms is Check up;diabetes, which you select. The software automatically assigns a code in the background, in this case T31 005, and stores the term you choose, and its code in the record. Mr Jones has non-insulin dependent diabetes. In ICPC-2 PLUS, you can use any of the synonyms for this type of diabetes, such as Type 2 diabetes or adult onset diabetes. You can also use antonyms, such as NIDDM, as keywords. Simply enter a keyword, such as ‘DIAB’, and you will be offered a picklist of terms. You select your preferred term, non-insulin dependent diabetes, out of the picklist and again the term and its code are stored in the record. WHY DO I NEED ICPC-2 PLUS? When you record data in medical records using ICPC-2 PLUS, retrieving your data for auditing, quality assurance or continuity of care is easier and more reliable than manually counting patient records to find out how many patients in your practice are being treated for a particular condition. Using ICPC-2 PLUS, it doesn’t matter if other doctors in the practice don’t use the same terms as you, because each term is grouped with similar terms (i.e. the terms are classified according to ICPC-2). When you are ready to analyse your data, you can choose an output file, known as a grouper, which will extract information from your records at a level of specificity that you choose. Example If you want to find or count all patients in your practice with: • Any type of diabetes - you select the ‘Diabetes (all)’ grouper • • • All diabetes (except gestational) - you select the ‘Diabetes (non-gestational)’ grouper insulin dependent diabetes only - you select ‘Diabetes, insulin dependent’ non-insulin dependent diabetes only - you select ‘Diabetes, non-insulin dependent’. CAN I LOOK AT ICPC-2 PLUS BEFORE PURCHASING IT? Yes! We have a demonstration package on our website (www.fmrc.org.au/classifi.htm) that allows you to enter keywords and terms. You can also look at how you can analyse your data using ICPC-2 PLUS groupers. Not all features of ICPC-2 PLUS are available in every software package. Your software provider may be able to give you a demonstration of how ICPC-2 PLUS works in your system. Ask your contact person for more details. HOW MUCH DOES IT COST? Initial membership includes a once only payment (for the life-long use of ICPC-2) which is passed on in full to the World Organisation of Family Doctors (WONCA), and an annual site licence fee set by the Family Medicine Research Centre (FMRC) for the ongoing development of ICPC-2 PLUS. In subsequent years, only the annual fee is payable. * INITIAL MEMBERSHIP ANNUAL SITE LICENCE FEE YEAR 1 ONLY Single user site: 2-4 user site: 5-10 user site: 11-15 user site: 16-20 user site: 21+ user site: FROM YEAR 2 Single user site: 2-4 user site: 5-10 user site: 11-15 user site: 16-20 user site: 21+ user site: $210* $315* $420* $480* $530* $580* 10% GST is calculated only on the annual site licence fee, and is included in this amount. $110* $165* $220* $280* $330* $380* WHERE CAN I GET MORE INFORMATION? • • • • The FMRCs website: www.fmrc.org.au/classifi.htm where you can look at: § the structure of ICPC-2 PLUS § the background of ICPC-2 PLUS § the ICPC-2 PLUS Demonstrator Phone: (02) 9845-8151 Email: [email protected] Or ask your software provider for more information. HOW CAN I PURCHASE ICPC-2 PLUS? Complete the details on the subscription form below and either mail or fax it back to us at the FMRC. Your software provider also has copies of the form, or go to our website and download a copy at www.fmrc.org.au. ------------"-----------------------------------------------"--------------------------------------------------"--------------------------------Name of software provider: _________________________________________________________________ Number of Users (FTE’s) who will be using ICPC-2 PLUS in my practice MAIL ORDERS: Complete and Mail Family Medicine Research Centre University of Sydney PO Box 533 Wentworthville NSW 2145 ENQUIRIES: FAX: Contact Name _______________________________________________ __________________________ (02) 9845-8151 (02) 9845-8155 Signature_____________________________ Practice Name ________________________________________________________________________________________ Address______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ Phone_____________________ Fax________________________________ Email address _________________________________________________________________________________________
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