‫إرشــــاد فنـــــي‬
TECHNICAL GUIDELINE
Number (12) ‫رقم‬
‫إرشادات بشأن معامل إنتاج المرمر والبالط الفسيفسائي والخزفي‬
‫والمنتجات المشابھة‬
Guidelines for Marble, Mosaic and Ceramic Tiles
and Related Products Factory
June- 2011- ‫يونيو‬
‫ إدارة البيــــئة‬- ‫قسم الرقابة البيئية‬
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SECTION (ECS)
0
ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT
Introduction:
Processes involved in manufacturing of marble tiles, mosaic tiles, ceramic tiles and
related products generates significant quantity of solid waste, sludge, wastewater and
other environmental nuisance such as dust and noise. The uncontrolled disposal of
generated waste from these activities has a considerable impact on the cost of
operation and maintenance of DM waste treatment and disposal facilities. In-house
practice of companies on waste minimization, treatment and reuse of wastewater will
certainly reduce the adverse impacts from this type of industries to the environment.
Rationale:
Under Local Order (61/91) the Owner/Occupier of the premises (factory) is required
to control the discharge of their waste byproducts for the protection of environment.
This Technical Guideline sets out requirements for the:
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
on-site control of dust, noise emissions and wastewater,
waste minimization, and
disposal of liquid and solid waste residues resulting from
manufacturing/processing of marble & concrete mosaic tiles and related
ceramic products.
Guidelines:
The following guidelines are meant for use in conjunction with ECS Technical
Guidelines Nos. (1) & (2).
Dust Control
1. Dust generation from cutting or polishing of tile materials shall be
controlled either by dry method through the use of filter bags and/or
cyclones or wet method by water spray entrapment followed by
sedimentation. However, the use of water spray transforms the solid (dust)
waste into liquid waste that requires further treatment of the wastewater.
2. The Owner/Occupier must consult with ECS and obtain prior approval
before installation of any dust control system.
3. Companies have the right to choose on which of dust control system they
opt to install that depends much on the type of process and equipment used
in the manufacturing process. Ease of operation, maintenance and
economic aspects shall also be taken into account in the selection of
control system.
Noise and Vibration Control
1. All noise generating equipment must be provided with adequate noise
control measures, such as enclosures or lubrications to reduce both noise
and vibrations within the acceptable limit for both working environment
and the premises boundary.
1
2. Provision of adequate personnel protective equipment (PPE) such as the use
of ear muffler, mask, etc. is a must. All workers assigned in the noisy and
dusty areas shall observe the maximum allowable exposure time. Rotation
of work schedule may also help minimize the worker’s exposure to noisy
and dusty environment.
Wastewater Minimization and Re-use
1. Waste minimization by means of on-site treatment & re-use of wastewater
is the most effective way of reducing costs and negative impacts due to
disposal of wastewater.
2. Treatment of wastewater with high content of settleable solids can be a
simple process. Where removal of suspended solids is the main objective it
can be effectively carried out through sedimentation process in adequately
sized multi-compartment tanks.
3. Water in the sedimentation tanks’ last compartment should be clear
allowing re-use in the polishing process or other beneficial use.
4. Keep the sedimentation tanks effective by regular removal of settled solids
or slurry. This will ensure that tanks have adequate volume or surface area
allowing effective settling of incoming fresh solids.
5. Design of the sedimentation tanks shall consider the criteria given below as
minimum requirements:
a) A minimum of three (3) compartments shall be provided if chemical
coagulant will be used in the treatment process or a minimum of four
(4) compartments if no coagulant will be used.
b) Provision of adequate volume and surface area to allow sufficient time
for the solids to settle at the tank bottom for easy removal.
c) There must be provisions for easy removal of settled solids or slurry by
mechanical means such as heavy duty sludge pump, etc.
d) At least two sets of primary sedimentation tanks must be provided, to
work in parallel, so that one of the tanks can be taken out of service
from time to time for maintenance or during the de-sludging period
without disruption of operation or treatment process.
Residual Sludge
1. There must be provision for a separate system for dewatering slurry.
Dewatering system may include; belt press, leaf & frame filter press,
centrifuge or any other applicable technologies and/or in combination of
sludge drying beds when further drying is required.
2
2. The slurry must be dewatered to produce dry cake/sludge of spadable form
with no free liquid for transport to DM-designated disposal site.
For the purpose of convenience, various waste streams from
Marble/granite industry is described below. The disposal route and type of
each waste streams are also described below for information purpose only.
However, the generator must apply to ECS and obtain appropriate permit
for the disposal of each waste.
After going through the treatment process, the final waste stream intended
for off-site disposal are classified according to their characteristics and
types as described below:
Type 1 - Wastewater with suspended solids concentration of not more than
3,000 mg/L and all other significant parameters, e.g., TDS,
BOD, COD, pH, etc., are not exceeding the limits for sewer
discharge.
Type 2 - Liquid waste exceeding the limit for sewer discharge and with
high concentration of solids in the form of slurry and/or
pumpable wet sludge without passing through any form of
dewatering system.
Type 3 - Dry sludge dewatered to spadable consistency, no free water (see
item 13 above) dripping and/or with moisture content no more
than 40 % by weight as determined by drying in oven at 103 to
105 0C for 1 hour (APHA-AWWA 2540-D Test method)
Type 4 - Dry solids, end-cuts, tile fragments, stones and similar dry
wastes.
Disposal Route
1. For each type of waste/residue described above, the following disposal
option and charges shall apply
a) Type 1- The Occupier-Owner shall refer to the same requirements for
the disposal of trade wastes as detailed in ECS Technical Guidelines
No’s (1) & (2). In case of wastewater found exceeding the limits for
sewer discharge it will be considered as difficult waste and disposed of
in manner similar to the waste as described below.
b) Type 2- waste will be disposed off as per ECS Technical Guideline No.
(1). The Occupier-Owner is required to pay ten Dirhams (AED 10.00)
for every 1,000 gallons, or fraction thereof, of waste delivered into a
disposal site to be designated by ECS.
c) Type 3- wastes can be deposited into a municipal landfill if laboratory
test indicates the sludge is not hazardous. It can be deposited into
landfill for building construction wastes or any alternative disposal
means approved by ECS.
3
d) Type 4- waste will be disposed off to landfill in manner similar to Type
3 waste as above.
2. The disposal route and type of waste streams described above are for
information purpose only. The Occupier-Owner of the premises
must apply and obtain appropriate Disposal Permit from ECS for
the disposal of all the wastes generated from the process as per
Guidelines number 1 or 2.
For further information please visit
www.dm.gov.ae
or call
Environmental Control Section
Tel.: 6066834 / 6066839 Fax: 7033568
4
Figure (1)
Industrial Wastewater Disposal Scheme
Waste Generator
Carry out waste minimization or on-site Pretreatment
Apply for disposal permit with full
analysis of wastewater
Land available and quality
meets prescribed standards
YES
Dispose to Land
with ECS Permit
NO
YES
Access to marine waters
and quality meets prescribed
standards
Dispose to Marine
waters
with ECS Permit
NO
Wastewater acceptable for
sewer discharge
YES
Dispose to Sewer
with ECS Permit
NO
Dispose to DM Hazardous
Waste Disposal Facility in
Jebel Ali with ECS Permit
5