Name
Date
Class
Content Practice B
LESSON 2
Physical Properties
Directions: Use the diagram to answer each question or respond to each statement on the lines provided.
Figure A
Figures B
Figure C
1. Which state of matter is represented by the particles in Figure A? Explain.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
2. Which state of matter is represented by the particles in Figure B? Explain.
3. Which state of matter is represented by the particles in Figure C? Explain.
4. Give an example of water in each state of matter.
5. In addition to state, identify three other physical properties of matter.
6. Is it more difficult to change the shape of a solid or a liquid? Use the diagram to explain
your answer.
Foundations of Chemistry
31
Name
Date
Class
Math Skills
LESSON 2
Use Ratios
A ratio is a comparison of two numbers or measurements. One way to write a ratio is as
a fraction. To calculate the density of a substance, you write a ratio of mass to volume as
a fraction, and then simplify the fraction so that the value in the denominator is 1.
What is the density of a substance if a 32-g sample has a volume of 4 cm3?
Step 1 Use the information in the problem to write a ratio of mass to volume.
32 g
_____
4 cm3
Step 2 Simplify the fraction by dividing the numerator by the denominator.
32 g
8g
_____
= _____3
3
4 cm
1 cm
Step 3 Write the answer.
The density is 8 g/cm3.
Practice
1. A sample of aluminum (Al) has a mass
3
of 16.2 g and a volume of 6 cm . What
is the density of aluminum?
mass of 121.5 g. What is the density of
mercury?
3. A diamond is made of pure carbon (C).
3
A 1.6-cm sample of diamond has a
mass of 5.6 g. What is the density of
carbon?
34
volume of 14 cm3. What is the density
of copper?
5. A sample of lead (Pb) has a volume of
5 cm3 and a mass of 56.5 g. What is
the density of lead?
6. Helium gas (He) is less dense than air,
which is why a helium-filled balloon
rises in the air. A 1-g sample of He has
a volume of 5,000 cm3. What is the
density of helium?
Foundations of Chemistry
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
2. A 9-cm3 sample of mercury (Hg) has a
4. A 124.6-g sample of copper (Cu) has a
Name
Date
Class
Key Concept Builder
LESSON 2
Physical Properties
Key Concept What are some physical properties of matter?
Directions: Answer each question in the space provided.
Question
Answer
1. What is a physical property?
2. What determines the physical
properties of matter?
3. What are the three states
of matter?
4. What determines the state
of matter?
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
5. How does mass differ from
weight?
6. What determines if a property is
size-dependent?
7. What change of state occurs
when a substance reaches its
melting point? What occurs
when it reaches its boiling point?
8. What two properties must you
know to determine density?
9. How does thermal conductivity
differ from electrical conductivity?
36
Foundations of Chemistry
Name
Date
Class
Key Concept Builder
LESSON 2
Physical Properties
Key Concept What are some physical properties of matter?
Directions: Complete the chart with the correct terms or phrases in the space provided.
Physical Properties of Matter
Size-Dependent or
Size-Independent
Property
state of matter
2.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
volume
melting/boiling points
7.
1.
whether something is a solid,
liquid, or gas
3.
the amount of matter in an
object
4.
size-independent
8.
conductivity
size-independent
10.
11.
Foundations of Chemistry
Description of Property
5.
6.
the amount of mass per unit
of volume
9.
the ability of one substance to
dissolve in another
37
Name
Date
Key Concept Builder
Class
LESSON 2
Physical Properties
Key Concept How are physical properties used to separate mixtures?
Directions: Put a check mark on the line before each physical property that can be used to separate mixtures.
1. state of matter
2. mass
3. volume
4. boiling/melting point
5. density
6. conductivity
7. solubility
Directions: Draw how a mixture can be separated using magnetism in the space provided. Then write a caption
that describes the drawing.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Caption:
38
Foundations of Chemistry
Name
Date
Class
Key Concept Builder
LESSON 2
Physical Properties
Key Concept How are physical properties used to separate mixtures?
Directions: Complete the chart with the correct information in the space provided.
Physical Property
Method Used to Separate Mixtures
1. state of matter
2. volume
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
3. boiling/melting points
4. density
5. solubility
6. magnetism
Foundations of Chemistry
39