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320
132
27,1
15,1
42,7
100
100
100
0,409
Consumer price index (as
percentages of the previous
year)
Unemployment, thousand
individuals (at the end of year)
Annual average of employment
(as % of total):
Manufacturing sector
Agricultural sector
Service
5HDOLQFRPH 2
Real wage (monthly average,
Real pension (monthly average,
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0,381
95,5
90,2
78,9
43,9
14,7
25,8
118
230
95,9
1995
0,387
103,6
96,6
95,8
44,6
14
24,8
100
121,8
96,6
1996
0,401
105,8
109,3
102,6
47,8
13,3
23
120
111,0
100,9
1997
0,399
63,2
72,4
73,4
48,6
13,7
22,2
110
184,4
95,1
1998
0,400
59,9
81,7
81,0
48,7
13,3
22,4
102
136,5
105,4
1999
0,399
78,62
90,0
83,2
48,6
13
22,6
77,1
120,0
108,3
2000
Year
0,396
99,9
107,7
90,5
49,0
12,3
22,7
89,1
119
110,0
2001
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87,3
1994
GDP (as percentages of the
previous year)
Indicator
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0,397
102,3
124,4
106,2
50,1
11,8
22,2
97,9
115
105,1
2002
0,402
115,1
142,4
128,8
50,8
11
21,9
92,3
112
104,7
2003
0,407
113,3
153,3
144,2
54,1
11,2
22,2
101,6
111,7
107,3
2004
0,409
124,6
168,6
160,1
54,4
11,1
21,7
90,2
110,9
107,2
2005
0,416
105,14
113,44
110,23
55,2
10,6
21,2
89,0
109,0
106,4
2006
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N.G. KUZNETCOV, L.I. NIVOROZHKINA, South-Eastern Europe Journal of Economics 2 (2010) 227-240 231
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40,0
35,0
7,0
5,9
6,0
5,3
30,0
4,8
5,0
5,0
4,4
25,0
4,0
3,8
3,6
20,0
3,5
3,3
3,1
2,8
3,0
15,0
2,6
2,1
2,1
2,0
1,6
10,0
1,3
1,0
5,0
33,5
31,5
22,4
24,7
22,0
20,7
23,3
28,3
28,9
27,3
24,2
20,4
17,6
17,7
15,2
13,3
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
0,0
0,0
poverty level, in % from total
population
deficiency of the cash income, in % from the total cash incomes of the
population
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20
2,6
2,3
2,3
2,4
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2,6
2,3
2,2
2,1
1,8
2,5
2
15
1,5
10
1
5
0,5
17,9
17,5
20,5
20,1
18,4
19,4
17,7
18,1
15,7
15,4
1994
1995
1996
1998
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
0
0
poverty level, in % from total population
average shortfall of per capita disposable income from the poverty line
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References
%URZQ$7KH5XVVLDQ&ULVLV%HJLQQLQJRIWKH(QGRU(QGRIWKH%HJLQQLQJ"Post-Soviet
AffairsSS
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Economics of TransitionSS
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SS
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and Wealth
*XVWDIVVRQ % DQG 1LYRUR]KNLQD / &KDQJHV LQ 5XVVLDQ SRYHUW\ GXULQJ WUDQVLWLRQ The
Economics of Transition
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,QFUHDVHLQ8UEDQ5XVVLDD/RFDO6WXG\Journal of Comparative Economics
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2YFKDURYD/(7XUXQVHYDQG,.RUFKDJLQD,QGLFDWRUVRI3RYHUW\LQ7UDQVLWLRQDO5XVVLD
EERC Working Paper 1R0RVFRZ((5&
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N.G. KUZNETCOV,
OV L.I. NIVOROZHKINA, South-Eastern Europe Journal of Economics 2 (2010) 227-240 239
Appendix 1. Decomposition
according to area of residence
Apendix 2. Decomposition
according to household type
,QGH[)*7њ ,QGH[)*7њ 0,400
0,350
0,350
0,300
0,300
0,250
0,250
0,200
0,200
0,150
0,150
0,100
0,100
0,050
0,050
0,000
0,000
1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Regional centre
City
Urban type settlement
Village
Single adult
Two with children
Multigenerational families
Proportion of individuals
Two adults without children
One adult with children
Proportion of individuals
0,450
0,500
0,400
0,450
0,400
0,350
0,350
0,300
0,300
0,250
0,250
0,200
0,200
0,150
0,150
0,100
0,100
0,050
0,050
0,000
1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0,000
1994
1995
1996
1998
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Single adult
Two with children
Multigenerational families
Regional centre
City
Urban type settlement
Village
Two adults without children
One adult with children
Absolute contribution of poverty
0,100
0,120
0,090
0,100
0,080
0,080
0,070
0,060
0,060
0,050
0,040
0,040
0,020
0,030
0,000
0,020
1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
0,010
0,000
1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Regional centre
City
Urban type settlement
Village
Single adult
Two with children
Multigenerational families
Two adults without children
One adult with children
240 N.G. KUZNETCOV, L.I. NIVOROZHKINA, South-Eastern Europe Journal of Economics 2 (2010) 227-240
Appendix 3. Decomposition according
to the number of children
Appendix 4. Decomposition according
to the number of working members
,QGH[)*7њ ,QGH[)*7њ 0,250
0,300
0,250
0,200
0,200
0,150
0,150
0,100
0,100
0,050
0,050
0,000
1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
No children
One child
Two children
Three and more children
Proportion of individuals
0,000
1994
1996
1998
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2004
2005
Nobody works
Two working
One working
Three and more working
Proportion of individuals
0,450
0,450
0,400
0,400
0,350
0,350
0,300
0,300
0,250
0,250
0,200
0,200
0,150
0,150
0,100
1995
0,100
0,050
0,050
0,000
0,000
1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
1994
No children
One child
Two children
Three and more children
Absolute contribution of poverty
1996
1998
2000
2001
2002
2003
Nobody works
One working
Two working
Three and more working
Absolute contribution of poverty
0,090
0,090
0,080
0,080
0,070
0,070
0,060
0,060
0,050
0,050
0,040
1995
0,040
0,030
0,030
0,020
0,020
0,010
0,010
0,000
1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
No children
One child
Two children
Three and more children
0,000
1994 1995 1996 1998 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Nobody works
One working
Two working
Three and more working