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KM>'DF@NwAr [ xP<?rsqwADHKPE @RDHU 5 [:T V L <Itr GI@R> rsKPrs< E_Y L <IDFUXxM<?rsqwADFKMEHQE_w>XDFUAK n@N>"w-W<?q KPEFG DF@N>' Q_YQ_DHKPr.DHUK Q_KPE%IKPE,U1G:QSIKMEH>KML!?KPE_QH@R<?> [ '5 dT :sGI>JWDHUKxMLN@RKP>'D IKPE_QH@N<I> [- [-5 T ;'!;!UKxM<?r qAwADFKMEHQ KPE_K xP<I>>KPx DFKMJ @RDFU G 5 ]I] V L fDFUAKPEH>AKMD ;!UK\DFKPQ6DFKMJ J1G:DFG GIQ_KPQ G:EHK ( #A U@Nx0U @N>xMLNwJAKPQ <IDHU dh>><?Mp L GI>J L KMEHS:KPLNK Y Mp L 0 L Mp L 2=DFG LRK U1GI>JALNKPE_Q GI>JsG,xP<Ir rsKPE_xP@ G:LAJ1G:DFG GIQ_Kvdh> DFUAK t <?LNLRd< @R)> J@RQHxMwQHQ_@N<?> DFUAK xM<?rsr KMEHxP@NGIL3JG:D0G GIQHK @NQ G ) EHK@ G:DHKPJWGIQ ;!UK jMp L u LN@ EFGIE6Y wAQHKPJWt <?E VWYA5B N,n G:Q ( );!UK xM<?rsr KMEHxP@NGIL3JG:D0G GIQHKU1GIJ @RDHQd < > j,p L!u LN@ EFG:E_Y UA@Nx0U xPGIrsK @ DFU DFUKJ@RQ_DFE_@ wDF@N<I>=;!UAKDHEFGI>QHGIxMDH@N<?>AQ KMEHK K KPxMwADFKMJXGIQ!qAEHKPqGIEHKMJ\Q6D0G:DHKPrsKP>'DFQ < ?KME!DFUK jMp L!uxP<?>A>KPx DF@N<I> j)tCDHUK J1G:DFG GIQ_K xP<?'> /)?wEFG DF@N<I>q1GIEFG:r K DFKPE_Q <?>LRY DFUK-rsKPrs<?E_Y QH @ P(K hEHKML G:DHKPJmq1GIEHGIrsKMDFKMEHQ KPE_KWx0U1G:)> ?KPJ ;!UK r <?Q6D @Nrsq<IE_D0G:>"Dq1GIEFG:r K DFKPE GIQ,DFUAKsxPGIx0UKsQH @ PK ;!UAK @ ?KMQ_D q <?QHQ_@ LRK IG:LNwK t <?E DFUK xPGIx0UKsQH@ MK G:Q Q_KZGIE_x0UKPJ YXDFE6Y@R)> J@ 3KMEHKP>'D xZG:x0UK QH@ MKPQ QH< DHU1G:D,DFUAK QHKPYE ?KME xM<?tr qwADFKMEJ@RJX><ID K ?@N> DH< %Q GIq KM;D KPKP> r GI@N>Wr KMr <IE_Y\GI>JXDHUK J@RQHS j)tDFUK G :GI@RL G LNK [ : V Lr GI@R> rsKPrs<?E_Y 1GIqqE_< A@Rr G DFKPL Y 5 I] V L GIQ ?@ ?KP>-DF< DHUK J1G:D0G GIQH K ;!UK DFKMQ_D GIQ EHw> @ DFU DHUEHKMK J@ 3KMEHKP>'D q<?qAwL G:DH@N<?>AQ=G:>J wQH@R)> 2DHUEHKMK J@ 3KMEHKP>'D J1G:D0G GIQHKMQ EHKPQ_wLRDH@N)> @R> >@N>K DHKPQ6DFQ @N> DF<:D0GI$L ;!UK 5B N,n @RQH<?LNG:DF@R<?>XLNK ?KM!L GIQ E_KPq KZG:DFG LNK E_KZGIJ ;!UK @NQH<IL G:DH@N<?>XLRK IKPLNQ KPE_K (K AqAL GI@R>KPJ @N> QHKMxMDH@N<?> -[ C-<?> q1G I.K 5 -[ ;!UKst <IEHxP(K hLR< 8G %D hxM<?rsr @ D 0 QHKMK QHKPx DF@R<?>X [ <?>\q1G ?K 55 2q<ILN@Nx ZY GIQwQHKMJ ;!UK >"wr KPE<:t x0UAKPx0S"q<I@N>'DFQ,r GIJK JwEH@R)> DHUK K :GILRw1G:DH@N<?>WqKMEH@N<J GI>AJXDFUK x0UAKPx0S"q<I@N>'D @N>'DFKM%E :GIL@NQ E_KPq <?E_DHKPJ 2GIbQ KPLRrL 4L KPEHS:KPLRKMY p L LN@ EFGIE6Y < 3KMEHQ DHUKXq <?QHQ_@ @RLN@RDhY DF<mG KPx D DFUK x0UKMx0S"q<?@R>'D @R>'DFKPYE :GIrL wD DFUK-VWYA5B N,n @R>'DFKPE6t GIxPK DH<XDFUK LR@ EHGIE_Y J<KPQ ><:D QH< DFUAK L KPE_SIKPLRKMY p L x0UAKPx0S"q<I@N>'D @N>'DFKM%E :GIL=xZGI>>A<ID K x0UGI)> ?KMJ u Mp L2`aQ J<xPwrsKP>'DFG:DF@R<?>XQ_DFG:DFKMQ DFU1G:D @RD wQHKMQ Gx0UKMx0Sq <?@R>"D @N>'DFKM%E :GIL U@Nx0U rs<?Q_D qE_< G L Ys@NQ DHUK KPQ6D DFEHGIJK 9< K ;D KMKP> DFKPrsq <?EFGIE6YXq KPE6t <?EHr GI>xMKsLR<?QHQ JwAEH@N'> \DHUK xMEHKPG:DF@R<?> <It!G-x0UKPx0S"q <?@N>'D GI>J GI'J :GI>'D0G IK @R> EHKPxM< ?KPE6Y-QH@ DFw1G:DH@N<?> v;!U@NQ JK t GIwL D x0UKPx0S"q <?@N>'D2@N>'DFKM%E :GIL.<Itvu Mp L G:Q2><:D x0U1GI)> ?KMJ 87 78 $#%A ;!UK >"wrsKPEH@RxZGILQ_wr r IG E6Y <It!DFUKsDFKMQ_D @ DFU DHUK q <?qwLNG:DF@R<?> <It 5 ?] ]- ]?]I]\Q_w QHxMEH@ KMEHQ N@ Q HQ U< >@N> ; G LNK '^ ;!UAK LN<?GIJ GIQ @R>xPE_KZGIQ_KPJ Y x0U1GI>)?@R>)WDHUK >"w r KPE <It DHUEHKPGIJQ @R> + ?] ; G LNK ^'cwr [email protected]_wrsr GIE6Y <ItCDFUAK DHKPQ6D @ DFU 5 ]?]- ]?]I] HQ w Q_xPE_@ KPEHQ dh>><IpML L pML u pML VEN;!U 0 DFq(Q 2 55 ^ '<: ;:'a] :^-a] c2wr KPE!<:t=DHUEHKPGIJQ [ c2wr KPE!<:t x0UKMx0S"q<?@R>'DFQ)JAwEH@R)> K :GILRw1G:DF@R<?> q KPEH@R<J c [I] '] u UKPx0S"q <?@N>'D@N>'DFKM%E :GIL 0 r @R> N2 c :'a] ^'a] c2wr KPE!<:t=DHEFGI>QHGIxMDH@N<?>AQxM<?rsqLNK DFKPJ T 5:?'T aT?%^ : -a]'[ -a^%:%; ^'aT%:%:':'] ' JwEH@R)> K :GILRw1G:DH@N<?> q KPE_@N<J DFUK-DFKMQ_D xPLN@RKP>'D ;!UKWLR@Nrs@RDH@N>) t G:xMDF<IEt GIQsDFUK\JwEHG:DF@R<?> <:t)DFUAKWE_KZGIJ DFEFG:>QFGIx DF@R<?>Qs<It U@Nx0U ;?] r wQ6D xP<?rsqLNK DFK @ DFU@R> 5 ]Xr @RLNLR@NQHKMxP<?>AJQ B< DFUAK\>"wr KME <It2DHUK DFUAEHKZG:JQ GIQs@N>AxPEHKPGIQHKMJ w>'DH@NL!DFUK 5 ] r Q LR@Nrs@RD xM<?wLRJ ><:D K\SIKPqD ;!UK\>"wr KPEt GIQ x0U<?Q_KP> QHKPqGIEFG:DHKPL Y t <?E,KPGIx0U JG:D0G GIQHK s;!UAKsE_KZGIJ DHEFGI>QHGIxMDH@N<?> q KPE6t <?EHr GI>xMK @NQ,xPE_wxP@NGILGIQDHUKMY xP<?>Q6DF@ DFwADHK TI] <It DFUKs< ?KPEHGILNLLR<'GIJ ;=G LNKtWQHU< Q DFUK ;?] qKMEHxPKM>'DF@NLRK G:>J GIKPEFG ?K EHKPQ_q<I>QHK DF@Rr KMQ <It=KZGIx0U\DFEFG:>QFGIx DF@R<?> DhYq K ;!UKXL G:,E ?KMQ_D qGIE_D <:t,DFUKX@R>J@ @RJw1GIL!DHEFGI>QHGIxMDH@N<?>AQ L G:Q_D <I>LRY G t K rs@NLRLN@RQHKPxM<?>JQ 2Q GI> K AGIrsqLNK <:t U< DFUK DHEFGI>QHGIxMDH@N<?> E_KPQ_q<?>AQHK DF@Rr KMQJ@NQ6DFE_@ wADHK$l @?wE_K 5 ^ QHUA<d Q DFUAK J@NQ6DFEH@ wADH@N<?> t <?EDHUK K %D 6Bw QHxMEH@ KMYE hpG:D0G,DFEHGI>QFG:xMDF@R<?> @RDHUsDHUK2q <?qwAL G:DH@N<?> <It 5 ]?]- ]?]I] QHw Q_xPE_@ KPEHQ 9)LRLvDFUKsEHKMQHq <?>QHKsDF@Rr K J@RQ_DHEH@ wADF@R<?>Q GIEHK ><:DQ_U< >GIQ DFUK t <?EHr <It DFUAK ?EFGIqAUQ @N Q ?KME_Y-xMLN<?Q_KDF< DFUK <?>AK qAEHKPQ_KP>'DFKMJX@N>\l @ ?wE_K 5 '^ ;!UK ?EFG:qUQ@R> l "@ ?wAEHbK 5 QHU< DFUK x0U1G:)> ?K <ItDFUAK EV N;!U IG:LNwK JAwEH@R)> DFUAK EFGIrs-q hwAq GI>J K IG:LNw1G:DH@N<?> q KPEH@R<J @RDHU DFUAK q <?qwLNG:DF@R<?> <:tt 5 ]?'] a]?]?] QHw QHxPE_@ KPE_Q ;!UK K KPxMD <It x0UKPx0S"q <?@N>'DF@R)> @RQ2< @N<IwQ 2dh>><?Mp LJA<KMQ2t w MYWx0UKPx0S"q <?@N>'DF@R)> GI>AJ DFUKMEHK t <?EHK U1GI+Q IKPE_Y Q_D0G LNK q KPE6t <?EHr GI>xMK DFUE_<?)w ?U<IwAD DFUK DHKPQ_D XL KPEHS:KPLRKMYMp L QHw KPE_Q t EH<?r x0UAKPx0S"q<I@N>'DF@R)> QH"@ I>@ /1xPGI>'DFL Y ;!UAK,d< IKPEHGILNLqKME_t <?E_r GI>AxPK@RQ xPLR<?QHK2DF< DFUG:D <ItCdh>>A<?Mp L+ wAD!JwE_@N)> x0UKPx0S q<?@R>'DF@N'> DFUK qKME_t <?E_r G:>xPK JK ?EFGIJAKPQ2G <IwAD)[ ;!UAK < ?KMEFGILRL$qKME_t <?E_r GI>AxPK,<Itu Mp L @NQ G LR<ID!q <<IEHKPE G:>J\DHUK x0UKPx0S"q <?@N>'DH@N)> sJK IEFGIJKMQ!DFUK q KPE_t <IEHr GI>xPK,K ?KM>Wt wE6DFUKME ; G LNK ) ;=EHGI>QHGIxMDH@N<?>JAwEFG:DH@N<?>AQ 0 ;?] 5 ]?]'a]?]?] Q_w QHxMEH@ KMEHQ ,KMD%8Bw Q_xPE_@ KPEY9p,G:DFG ,KM%D hc2K hpKMQ_DF@R>1G:DH@N<?> ,KM%D Q!xPxMKPQHQ hp,G D0G b2q J1G:DHK 8Bw Q_xPEH@ KMYE 9p,G:D0G b2q J1G:DHK hn$<xZG DF@N<I> dh>Q_KPE_YD 6u GILRL hl <I%E GIEHJ@R)> pKMLNKMDHK 8u GILN\L 8l1<?%E GIE_J@N)> q KPE_xPKP>'DH@NLNK dh>><?p L ; ' T s [ <; s [ 55 Z ] T -^ T G?KMEFG?Kd2 @R> rs@NLNLR@NQ_KPxP<I>JQ R@ DHU L pML u pML 5 ] ^- ' ^ a] [- : ; :'C [-: ^ -[ a] 5 T :- T T )aT 5 [ ' ' ^ a^ ; '<: 5 7 T )a] ; '<: 5 :-5 )a] Number of transactions '5 1200000 1100000 1000000 900000 800000 700000 600000 500000 400000 300000 200000 100000 0 InnoDB BerkeleyDB CDB 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Response time (ms) l @"?wAEHKt5 ^';!UKE_KPQ_q<?>AQHK DH@NrsK,J@NQ6DFE_@ wADH@N<?> t <?E!DHUK , KMDY6Bw QHxPE_@ KPE hp,G:DFG DHEFGI>AQFGIx DF@N<I> @RDFU 5 ]I' ] ]I]?] QHw QHxPE_@ KPE_Q 1000 1000 800 800 MQTh (tps) 1200 MQTh (tps) 1200 600 400 200 600 400 200 InnoDB BerkeleyDB 0 0 10 30 50 70 90 Elapsed time (min.) 110 130 10 30 50 70 90 Elapsed time (min.) 110 130 1200 MQTh (tps) 1000 800 600 400 200 Commercial DB 0 10 30 50 70 90 Elapsed time (min.) 110 130 l @"?wAEHK 5'VEN;!U.IKPEHQ_wQ)KML GIqAQHKPJ-DF@Rr K Aq <?qwLNG:DF@R<?> <It 5 ?] ]'a]?]?] Q_w Q_xPEH@ KMEHQ FD UKWq<IqwL G DF@N<I> <:tt5 ]?]'a]?]?] QHw QHxPE_@ KPE_Q dh>><?p L U1GIJ DHUK KPQ6D <?KMEFGILRL2q KPE6t <?EY r GI>AxPK;!UAK,>wAr KME <ItCx0UKMx0Sq <?@R>"DHQ <ItCdh>><?pML xPGI>><ID K,E_KPq <?E_DHKPJ-GIQ @ D!@NrsqLRKPrsKP>'DFQ t w Y x0UAKPx0S"q<I@N>'DF@R>) GIQ @N>'DFE_<JAwxPKMJ @N> u U1GIqDFKPE )a^b0 q [*23 @RDHU dh>>A<?pML GI>AJ L KMEHSIK( @RDFU '[ ; G LNK4-cwr [email protected]_wrsr GIE6Y <ItCDFUAK DHKPQ6D @ DFUW[I]?]- ]?]I] HQ w Q_xPE_@ KPEHQ dh>><IpML L pML u pML VEN;!U 0 DFEFG:>Q :QHKMx N2 5a' ] 5 -^ ] 5a]'T'C - ; c2wr KPE!<:t=DHUEHKPGIJQ [I] I[ ] 5 ] c2wr KPE!<:t x0UKMx0S"q<?@R>'DFQ)JAwEH@R)> K :GILRw1G:DF@R<?> q KPEH@R<J c ?[ [ '] u UKPx0S"q <?@N>'D@N>'DFKM%E :GIL 0 r @R> N2 c -C ^'a] c2wr KPE!<:t=DHEFGI>QHGIxMDH@N<?>AQxM<?rsqLNK DFKPJ - [ ;?'T :%:?^ -C T'; a^%:?] )5:?]' I^'[ JwEH@R)> K :GILRw1G:DH@N<?> q KPE_@N<J NL KMY p L DFUKsQHLR< KMQ_D E_KZGIJ DFEFG:>QFGIx DF@R<?> @RQ ,KMDY6Bw QHxMEH@ KPE hp,G D0G9 UKPE_KZGIQ @ DFU u pML @RD @NQ ,KMDY8cKhp)KPQ_DH@N>1G DF@N<I> )Q GILNLDFUAK J1G:DFG /DFQ @R> DFUAK J1G:DFG GIQ_K xZGIx0UAK DFU@RQ@NQ JwK DH< DFUK DFEHGI>QHGIxMDH@N<?> qEH< /1LNKMQ ;!UAK ,KMDY6Bw QHxPE_@ KPE hp,G:DFG DFEFG:>QFGIx DF@R<?> E_KMDHEH@NK?KMQ J1G D0G t EH<?r <?>K DFG LNK <?>L 4Y UAKPEHKPGIQvDFUAK K D%hc2K9pKPQ6DF@R>1G:DF@R<?> DHEFGI>AQFGIx DF@N<I> EHK DFEH@RKIKPQJ1G:DFG2t EH<Ir D; < D0G LRKPQ 58/ / )v 78 78 $#% ;!UK ;?] qKMEHxMKP>'DF@RLNKxP<?>Q6DFEHGI@N>'Dt <?E E_KZGIJsDFEHGI>QFG:xMDF@R<?>Q @RDHU [I]?]- ]?]I] Q_w QHxMEH@ KMEHQ GIQ :] r @RLNLN@RQHKMxP<?>JAQ @RDFU [I]?'] a]?]?] QHw QHxPE_@ KPE_Q DFUK<IKPEFG:LNL qKME_t <?E_r GI>AxPK)<:tL KPE_SIKPLRKMY pML GIQ QHLN@?U'DFL Y K DHDHKPE DHU1GI> DHU1G:D <It!dh>>A<?pML 0 ;=G LRK &2U.+'GI@R>$DFUK <IKPEFG:LNLqKME_t <?E_r G:>xPK <It u pML%EHKPGIx0UKPJ<I>LRY U1G:LRt!<It DFU1G:D<It dh>><IMp L%GI>IJ L Mp L+=;!UK >"wr KPE <It DFUAEHKZG:JQ GIQ G LN<ID @ ?KPE DFU1G:> JwE_@N)> DHUK DHKPQ_DHQ @RDHU 5 ]?-] ]?]I]WQHw QHxMEH@ KPE_Q ;!U@RQ GIQ JwK DH< DFUAK @N>xMEHKZG:QHKPJ ;?] q KPE_xPKM>"DH@NLRKWxM<?>Q_DHEFGI@R>'D O2< K IKPE @RDHU u Mp L DFUK\>"wr KPE <:t)DFUAEHKZG:JQ GIQ ><ID @N>xMEHKZG:QHKPJG < ?K 5 '] KPxPGIwQHK @ D JA@NJ >A<ID t wE6DFUKME @R>xPE_KZGIQ_KWDFUAK DFUE_<?)w ?UAqwAD wAD wAQ_D Q_LN < KPJJ< > DFUAK @N>AJ@ @NJAw1GILvDFEHGI>QHGIxMDH@N<?>bQ 0 ;=G LRK :23@ DFU 5Z]\DFUAEHKZG:JQDFUAK ;?] qKMEHxMKP>'DF@RLNK<ItDHUK,QHLR< KMQ_D EHKPGIJ DFEHGI>QHGIxMDH@N<?> GIQ ^ rs@NLRLN@RQHKPxM<?>JQ ;!UKDHEFGI>AQFGIx DF@N<I> DhYq K 9QHq KPxM@ /1x rsKMDFE_@NxMQ GIEHK QHUAd< >W@N> ;=G LRK :- ;!UKWq KPE6t <?EHr GI>xMK ?EFGIqAUQ @R> l "@ ?wAEHK 5d QHU< DHUK\EV N;!U :GILNwK x0UGI)> ?KMQ JwE_@N)> DFUAK ; G LNK :' ;=EHGI>QHGIxMDH@N<?>JAwEFG:DH@N<?>AQ 0 ;?] q KPE_xPKP>'DH@NLNK [I]?]'a]?]?] Q_w QHxMEH@ KMEHQ dh>A><?pML K %D 6Bw QHxMEH@ KMEYhpG:D0G 5;' [ K %D 8cK 9pKPQ6DF@N>G:DF@R<?> [; 5d-a] K %D ;!xMxPKMQHYQ 9p,G:DFG [I] 5 [-aT b2q J1G:DF(K 6Bw QHxMEH@ KPE hp,G D0G T?^ ^?^'a] b2q J1G:DF(K 8n<xZG:DH@N<?> :'[ [ -a^ dh>QHKME_%D 8u GILN\L 8l1<?YE GIE_J@N'> : [IT'aT pKPLRKMDF(K 6u GILRL hl <I%E GIEHJ@R)> ?[ [ - G?KMEFG?Kd2 @R> rs@NLNLR@NQ_KPxP<I>JQ R@ DHU LpL upL %: [I]- ] [IT 5dJ ^-5 5 -^ ^ [ 'J ^-5 5 ^-J [ 5 -^ ^ IT ] ^'5 [ )5 [ :- ] :^ [-5 ^ [ ; 5 -T ] I[ [ ^?T [I-^ T I[ [IT-J ^ [?[ 5 ?^ 1200 1200 1000 1000 800 800 MQTh (tps) MQTh (tps) 600 400 200 600 400 200 InnoDB BerkeleyDB 0 0 10 30 50 70 90 Elapsed time (min.) 110 130 10 30 50 70 90 Elapsed time (min.) 110 130 1200 MQTh (tps) 1000 800 600 400 200 Commercial DB 0 10 30 50 70 90 Elapsed time (min.) 110 130 l @"?wAEHK 5dVEN;!U.IKPEHQ_wQ)KML GIqAQHKPJ-DF@Rr K Aq <?qwLNG:DF@R<?> <Itv[I]?]'a]?]?] Q_w Q_xPEH@ KMEHQ EFGIrsq-hwAq GI>AJ K:GILRw1G:DH@N<?> q KPEH@R<JAQ @ DFU [I]?]'a]?]?]-QHw QHxPE_@ KPE_QWu <?rsq1GIEHKMJ DH<\DHUK DHKPQ_DHQ @RDFU 5 ]?]'a]?]?] QHw QHxMEH@ KPE_Q2DHUKq KPE6t <?EHr GI>xMK <Itvdh>><?pML JK?EHGIJKMJXQHLR@"?U'DFL Y GIQ L KPE_SIKMLNKMY pML G:>JXu p L q KPE6t <?EHrsKPJ\G @RD KMD_DFKME DHU1GI> @RDHU-DHUK QHr GILNLRKPE q<?qAwL G:DH@N<?> vpwK,DF< DFUAK EHKPLNG KP-J ;I] qKMEHxPKM>'DF@NLRK)LR@Nrs@RDDFUAK<?KPEHGILNL q KPE_t <IEHr GI>xPK2J@NJ ><ID!x0U1G:>)?Kr wAx0U U@NLRK2DFUAK @N>J@ @NJw1G:LADFEHGI>QFG:xMDF@R<?>QM`E_KPQ_q<?>AQHK)DH@NrsKPQ@N>xMEHKPGIQHKMJ;!UKV N,;!UZIG:LNwK <ItL KPEHS:KPLRKMY pML JK ?EHGIJKMQ I] JwE_@N)> 2x0UKPx0S"q <?@N>'DH@N)> )"G:Q J<KPQ DHU1G:D <It u Mp L+Idh>><?pML <I>DFUK <IDFUAKPEvU1G:>J xP<?>'DF@R>"wKPQ!DF<sq KPE_t <IEHr G:QQ6D0G LRY G:Q @ DFU DFUAK Q_r G:LNLNKME q <?qwLNG:DF@R<?> 'A5h 78 ;!UK <?KMEFGILRL q KPE6t <?EHr GI>xMK <It G:LNLJ1G:DFG GIQ_KPQ JK?EFG:JKPJQ_@"?>@/1xZG:>"DHLRY GIQ DFUK q<?qAwL G:DH@N<?> GIQ2@N>xMEHKPGIQHKMJXDF9 < :]?'] a]?]?] Q_w Q_xPEH@ KMEHQGIQ)Q_U< > @N>W; 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MQTh (tps) 10 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 BerkeleyDB 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 Elapsed time (min.) 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