CHAPTER SIX
PILGRIM’S PERCEPTIONS ABOUT PROBLEMS AND
PROSPECTS OF RELIGIOUS TOURISM IN
SELECTED SITES
India is home of large number of pilgrimage places and people
travel these places to earn virtue. The pilgrims’ behaviour towards any
religious site depends upon different factors like educational, economic,
and type of pilgrims. In this chapter an attempt has been made to study
the purpose of visit, frequency of visit, source of information,
transportation
used,
accommodation
preferred,
total
expenditure
incurred and mode of transportation used by the respondents. It also
studies the problems faced by tourists’ related with accommodation,
food, drinking water, sanitation, shopping and bathing. Further, this
chapter has been divided into five sections and each section represents
a particular place i.e. Mata Vaishno Devi, Jwalaji and Chintpurni,
Golden Temple, Kurukshetra and Haridwar. The basic attributes of the
respondents studied are education and type of pilgrim. Education-wise,
the respondents have been divided into five categories, viz. below
matriculation (E1), matric and under graduates (E2), graduates (E3),
postgraduates (E4), and professionals (E5). Pilgrim-wise the respondents
have been divided into four categories, viz. individuals (T1), family group
(T2), package tour group (T3), and friends group (T4). To know the
pilgrims perception regarding selected pilgrimage sites 100 respondents
are selected from each pilgrimage site. Further, in the absence of ready
availability of any sampling framework, judgment sampling has been
used. The data has been collected with the help of a pre-designed
questionnaire specifically prepared for this purpose by personally
visiting each place 5 times (covering important festivals) with a gap of at
least 3 months. While covering the group visitors (family or otherwise),
only one respondent from the group (family head or group leader) has
been taken in the sample.
Section-1
Mata Vaishno Devi
The holy cave shrine of Mata Vaishno Devi is situated in Trikuta
Hills, about 13 Kms from katra town in Jammu and Kashmir state. The
deity is situated here in the form of three pindies of Devi Mahalakshmi,
Mahakali and Mahasaraswati. The pilgrimage to the Shrine holds great
significance for the pilgrims. The journey to this destination starts
mainly from Jammu. People can approach Katra town from here by
road. The journey ahead is carried on the uphill mainly on foot or on a
horse (Mule). Weight lifting labour known as pithu is available to help
the pilgrims to carry their belongings up to the shrine and back. A large
number of people within and outside the country visit this place
throughout the year. However, during savan (rainy months) and
navratras, there is an immense increase in the number of pilgrims. It is
worth mentioning that 82.35 lac pilgrims visited the shrine during the
year 2009. In this section an attempt has been made to know the
purpose of the tourists, visit to Vaishno Devi, frequency of their visit,
sources of information, transportation used, accommodation preferred,
total
expenditure
incurred,
parasad
shops
preferred,
mode
transportation used en-route and preferred timings of visit.
of
It also
studies the problems faced by tourists related with accommodation,
food, drinking water, sanitation, shopping, and bathing at Katra, en
route and Bhawan etc. It ends with the respondent’ opinion about the
working of Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine Board and respondents’ intention
on revisiting the site again.
Education-Wise and Type of Pilgrim-Wise Distribution
Table 6.1 depicts education-wise/pilgrim-wise distribution of the
respondents. Education-wise, the table 6.1 shows that 28 per cent of
the respondents surveyed belong to category E5 followed by categories
E3 (23%), E2 (19%), E4 (16%) and E1 (14). Pilgrim-wise, 41 per cent of the
respondents belong to category T2 that is Family. It is followed by
categories T4 (23%), T3 (20%), and T1 (16%).
Table-6.1
Education-Wise/ Pilgrim-Wise Distribution of the Respondents
Pilgrim Categories
T4
E1
1
(1)
8
(8)
5
(5)
-
N
14
T1
T2
T3
Educational Categories
E2
E3
E4
5
4
3
(5)
(4)
(3)
9
11
5
(9)
(11)
(5)
2
2
2
(2)
(2)
(2)
3
6
6
(3)
(6)
(6)
19
23
16
Total
E5
3
(3)
8
(8)
9
(9)
8
(8)
28
16
(16)
41
(41)
20
(20)
23
(23)
100
N represents total number of the respondents surveyed.
Figures in parenthesis in this table and tables to follow represent
percentages
Purpose of Visit
Tourists may visit a particular place due to different motivations.
In response to a query in this regard the respondents have cited
pilgrimage, visiting friends/relatives, adventure and performance of
rituals as the main reasons of their visit. The education-wise and
pilgrim-wise responses of the respondents in this respect have been
presented in Table 6.2.
Table-6.2
Purpose of Visiting Vaishno Devi
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Purpose of Visit
Educational Categories
E2
E3
E4
19
23
16
(100) (100) (100)
2
2
2
(10.52) (8.69) (12.5)
2
5
5
(10.52) (21.73) (31.25)
2
6
10
6
(14.28) (31.57) (43.47) (37.5)
14
19
23
16
E1
14
Pilgrimage
(100)
Visiting Friends and Relatives Adventure Tour
Performing Rituals
N
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
28
16
41
20
23
100
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
2
1
2
5
8
(7.14) (6.25) (4.87)
(21.73) (8)
8
6
14
20
(28.57)
(14.63)
(60.86) (20)
9
4
15
3
11
33
(32.14) (25) (36.58) (15) (47.82) (33)
28
16
41
20
23
100
Table 6.2 reveals that all the respondents irrespective of their
educational category have visited Vaishno Devi for pilgrimage. The other
purposes being performance of rituals (33%), adventure (20%) and
visiting friends/relatives (8%). Education-wise the table shows that all
the respondents have visited Vaishno Devi for pilgrimage. Further,
43.47 per cent of the respondents from category E3 followed by
categories E4 (37.5%), E2 and E5 (around 32% each) and E1 (14.28%)
have visited this place to perform rituals. However, 31.25 per cent of the
respondents from category E4 followed by category E5 (28.57%) and E3
(21.73%) have come here for adventure along with pilgrimage. 7-12 per
cent of the respondents from other educational categories (except
category E1) have
revealed that along with pilgrimage, visiting
friends/relatives remains the purpose of their visit.
Pilgrim-wise the table shows that all the respondents irrespective
of their categories have visited Vaishno Devi for pilgrimage. Further,
47.82 per cent of the respondents from category T4 followed by
categories T2 (36.58%) and T1 (25%) have visited this place to perform
rituals. 60.86 per cent of the respondents from category T4 have visited
here for adventure along with pilgrimage. However, 21.73 per cent of
the
respondents
from
category
T4
have
reported
that
visiting
friends/relatives remains the other purpose of their visit.
Frequency of Visit
A tourist may visit a place multiple times. It depends upon his
liking for the place and purpose of visit in many cases. Thus, an
attempt has been made to know the number of times a respondent has
visited Vaishno Devi. Education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of the
respondents in this regard have been given in table 6.3.
Table-6.3
Frequency of Visiting Vaishno Devi
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Frequency of Visit Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
7
7
9
2
1
3
14
4
Once
(50) (36.84) (39.13)(12.5) (3.57) (18.75) (34.14) (20)
4
12
12
8
18
11
17
12
2-5 Times
(28.57) (63.15) (52.17) (50) (64.28) (68.75) (41.46) (60)
2
6
9
2
10
4
More than 5 Times 3
(21.42)
(8.69) (37.5)(32.14) (12.5) (24.39) (20)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
N
Total
T4
5
(21.73)
14
(60.86)
4
(17.39)
23
26
(26)
54
(54)
20
(20)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories = 24.35, d.f. = 8, Significant at 5 per cent level of
significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 4.88, d.f. = 6, Not-significant at 5 per cent level of
significance.
Table-6.3 highlights that 54 per cent of the respondents have
visited Vaishno Devi 2-5 times. It is followed by those who have visited
here once (26%) and more than 5 times (20%). Education-wise, the
table reveals that almost 64 per cent of the respondents from category
E5 and E2 followed by categories E3 (52.17%), E4 (50%) and E1 (28.57%)
have visited Vaishno Devi 2-5 times. Further 50 per cent of the
respondents from category E1 followed by categories E3 (39.13%) and E2
(36.84%) have visited here once. Comparatively, a large number of the
respondents from category E4 (37.5%) followed by categories E5
(32.14%) and E1 (21.42%) have visited this place more than 5 times. The
Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that
significant
behavioural
differences
exist
among
the
respondents
belonging to different educational categories with respect to their
frequency of visit. Pilgrim-wise, the table indicates that 68.75 per cent
of the respondents from category T1 followed by categories T3 and T4
(almost 60% each) and T2 (41.46%) have visited Vaishno Devi 2-5 times.
Similarly 34.14 per cent of the respondents from category T2 have
visited this place only once. Around 20 per cent of the respondents from
category T2, T3 and T4 have visited here more than 5 times. The Chisquare value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to the different
categories of pilgrims with respect to their frequencies of visit.
Sources of Information Used by the Respondents
A large number of sources personal and non personal namely
religious books, magazines, television, friends, parents, internet and
radio provide information about Vaishno Devi. The education-wise and
pilgrims-wise responses of the respondents regarding the sources of
information used by them have been presented in Table 6.4.
Table-6.4
Sources of Information Used by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Source
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
4
7
13
14
22
12
20
13
Religious Books
(28.57) (36.84) (56.52) (87.5) (78.57) (75) (48.78) (65)
2
7
11
7
3
10
3
Magazines
(10.52) (30.43) (68.75) (25) (18.75) (24.39) (15)
3
9
11
6
5
9
3
Television
(15.78) (39.13) (68.75) (21.42) (31.25) (21.95) (15)
4
6
11
12
10
11
12
5
Friends
(28.57) (31.57) (47.82) (75) (35.71) (68.75) (29.26) (25)
13
17
22
15
25
15
38
19
Parents
(92.85) (89.47) (95.65) (93.75) (89.28) (93.75) (92.68) (95)
2
6
9
4
3
7
1
Internet
(10.52) (26.08) (56.25) (14.28) (18.75) (17.07) (5)
3
7
11
6
4
9
3
Radio
(15.78) (30.43) (68.75) (21.42) (25) (21.95) (15)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
N
Note: Percentages are more than hundred because of multiple choices.
Total
T4
15
(65.21)
11
(47.82)
12
(52.17)
15
(65.21)
20
(86.95)
10
(43.47)
11
(47.82)
23
60
(60)
27
(27)
29
(29)
43
(43)
92
(92)
21
(21)
27
(27)
100
Table 6.4 highlights that 92 per cent of the respondents have
come to know about Vaishno Devi through their parents. It is followed
by those who have got information from religious books (60%), friends
(43%), television (29%), magazines and radio (27% each) and internet
(21%). Education-wise, the table reveals that a vast majority of the
respondents irrespective of their
educational category
have got
information from their parents and religious books (except categories E1
and E2). Further, an equal number of the respondents from category E 4
(68.75%) have got information from magazines, television and radio. 75
per cent of the respondents from category E4 followed by categories E3
(47.82%), E5 (35.71%), E2 (31.57%) and E1 (28.57%) have got this
information
through
friends.
Interestingly,
percentage
of
the
respondents using friends as a source of information has increased with
the educational level of the respondents (except category E5). Further,
56.25 per cent of the respondents from category E4 have got information
about the shrine through internet. Pilgrim-wise, the table shows that a
vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their category have got
information from their parents, religious books (except category T2).
Further, an equal number of respondents from category T4 (47.82%)
have got information from magazines and radio. 68.75 per cent of the
respondents from category T1 followed by category T4 (65.21%) have got
the information from friends. However, 52.17 per cent of the
respondents from category T4 have got information from television and
43.47 per cent from the same category have got the information from
internet.
Transportation Used by the Respondents
Bus,
train,
and
own
vehicles
are
the
main
sources
of
transportation to visit Jammu. But to visit Katra from Jammu bus, taxi
and own cars is the main mode of transportation. To know the mode of
transportation used by the respondents, they were asked for the same.
Table 6.5, and 6.6 depict education-wise and pilgrims-wise responses in
this regard respectively.
Table-6.5
Mode of Transportation Used by the Respondents to Reach
Jammu
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Transport Used Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
8
7
11
11
21
10
17
15
16
58
Bus
(57.14) (36.84) (47.82) (68.75) (75) (62.5) (41.46) (75) (69.56) (58)
5
12
12
4
2
6
21
1
7
35
Train
(35.71) (63.15) (52.17) (25) (7.14) (37.5) (51.21) (5) (30.43) (35)
1
1
5
3
4
7
Own Vehicles
(7.14)
(6.25) (17.85)
(7.31) (20)
(7)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
23
100
N
Chi-square value for educational categories= 24.18, d.f. = 8, Significant at 5 per cent level of
significance.
Chi-square value for Pilgrims categories= 19.435, d.f. = 6, Significant at 5 per cent level of
significance.
Table 6.5 highlights that 58 per cent of the respondents have
visited Jammu by bus followed by train (35%) and own vehicle (7%).
Education-wise, the data reveals that majority of the respondents from
categories E5 (75%), E4 (68.75%) and E1 (57.14%) have visited the place
by bus whereas, 63.15 per cent of the respondents from category E2
followed by category E3 (52.17%) have visited here by train. Similarly,
17.85 per cent of the respondents from category E5 have visited Jammu
by their own vehicles. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that significant behavioural differences exist among
the respondents belonging to the different educational categories with
respect to mode of transportation used to reach Jammu. Pilgrim-wise,
the table shows that a large number of the respondents from categories
T3 (75%) T1 (62.5%) and T4 (69.56%) have visited Jammu by bus
whereas 51.21 per cent of the respondents from category T2 followed by
categories T1 (37.5%) and T4 (30.43%) have visited here by train.
Further, 20 per cent of the respondents from category T3 have visited by
their own vehicles. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that significant behavioural differences exist among
the respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to
mode of transportation used by them for visiting Jammu.
Table-6.6
Mode of Transportation Used by the Respondents to
Reach Katra
(Education-wise and Pilgrim-wise Distribution)
Transportation Mode(Katra) Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2 T3 T4
1
2
1
3
1
4
Taxi
(4.34) (12.5) (3.57) (18.75)
(4.34) (4)
12
19
22
13
23
13
38 16 22
89
Bus
(85.71) (100)(95.65) (81.25) (82.14)(81.25) (92.68) (80) (95.65) (89)
2
1
4
3
4
7
Own Vehicles
(14.28)
(6.25) (14.28)
(7.31) (20)
(7)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41 20 23 100
N
Chi-square value for educational Categories= 10.979, d.f. = 8, Not-significant at 5 per cent level
of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 19.165, d.f. = 6, Significant at 5 per cent level of
significance.
Further, Table 6.6 highlights that 89 per cent of the respondents
have visited Katra by bus followed by
own vehicles (7%) and taxi (4%).
Education-wise, the data reveals that majority of the respondents
irrespective of their educational category have visited by bus. Further,
an equal number of respondents (14.28%) from categories E1 and E5
have used their own vehicles to visit Katra whereas 12.5 per cent of the
respondents from category E4 have visited by taxi. The Chi-square value
at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant differences
exist among the respondents belonging to different educational
categories with respect to mode of transportation used by them to reach
Katra. Pilgrim-wise, the table shows that a vast majority of the
respondents irrespective of their pilgrim category have visited Katra by
bus. Further, 20 per cent of the respondents from category T3 have
visited by their own vehicles while 18.75 per cent of the respondents
from categories T1 have visited Katra by Taxi. The Chi-square value at 5
per cent level of significance shows that significant behavioural
differences exist among the pilgrim categories with respect to mode of
transportation used by them for visiting Katra.
Respondents' Behaviour Regarding Stay and Accommodation
Preference
To know about respondents’ place of stay, accommodation
preference and factor influencing stay decision the respondents were
asked about it. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of the
respondents have been shown in Table 6.7.
Table-6.7
Respondents' Behaviour Regarding Stay at Jammu and Katra
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Place of Stay
Jammu Only
Katra Only
Both Place
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
2
1
1
1
3
4
(8.69) (6.25) (3.57)
(2.43)
(13.04) (4)
13
17
16
12
19
15
32
15
15
77
(92.85) (89.47) (69.56) (75) (67.85)(93.75) (78.04) (75) (65.21) (77)
1
2
5
3
8
1
8
5
5
19
(7.14) (10.52) (21.73) (18.75) (28.57) (6.25) (19.51) (25) (21.73) (19)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
23
100
E1
-
Chi-square value for educational categories= 7.27, d.f. = 8, Not-significant at 5 per cent
level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 9.21, d.f = 6, Not-significant at 5 per cent level
of significance.
Table 6.7 highlights that majority of the respondents (77%) have
stayed in Katra. However, 19 per cent of the respondents have stayed
both at Katra and Jammu whereas 4 per cent of the respondents have
stayed in Jammu only. Education-wise the table reveals that a vast
majority of respondents irrespective of their educational category have
stayed in Katra only. Further, 28.57 per cent of the respondents from
category E5 and around 20 per cent of the respondents from categories
E3 and E4 have stayed at both the places. However, the percentage
share of the respondents who have stayed in Jammu irrespective of
their educational category is negligible. The Chi-square value at 5 per
cent level of significance shows that no significant behavioural
differences exist among the respondents belonging to the different
educational categories with respect to their place of stay. Pilgrim-wise
the table indicates that 93.75 per cent of the respondents from category
T1 followed by T2 (78.04%), T3 (75%) and T4 (65.21%) have stayed in
Katra. It is worth mentioning that 25 per cent of the respondents from
category T3 have stayed at both places whereas 13.04 per cent of the
respondents from category T4 have stayed in Jammu. The Chi-square
value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant
behavioural differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different pilgrim categories with respect to their place of stay.
In response to a query a vast majority of the respondents
irrespective of their category have stayed in dharamsala at Katra.
Further, in response to another query majority of the respondents who
have stayed in Jammu preferred to stay with their friends and relatives.
To the reasons for choosing a particular accommodation to stay the
respondents were asked for the same. The responses have been given in
Table 6.8.
Table-6.8
Reasons for Stay at a Particular Accommodation
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Reasons for Stay
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2 T3 T4
8
17
19
12
21
15
33 13 16
77
Tariff
(57.14) (89.47) (82.60) (75)
(75) (93.75) (80.48)(65) (69.56) (77)
3
4
9
10
17
6
16
9
12
43
Quality of Services
(21.42) (21.05) (39.13) (62.5) (60.71) (37.5) (39.02)(45) (52.17) (43)
1
1
4
6
1
3
4
4
12
Advertisement
(5.26) (4.34) (25) (21.42) (6.25) (7.31) (20) (17.39) (12)
7
3
10
12
17
8
18
9
14
49
Cleanliness
(50) (15.78) (43.47) (75) (60.71) (50) (43.90)(45) (60.86) (49)
5
1
12
11
14
6
19
9
9
43
Image of the Place
(35.71) (5.26) (52.17) (68.75) (50) (37.5) (46.34)(45) (39.13) (43)
1
2
2
2
1
5
Nearness to Railway Station 2
(14.28)
(4.34)
(4.87) (10) (4.34) (5)
(7.14)
4
3
8
7
12
6
10
8
10
34
Nearness to Bus Stand
(28.57) (15.78) (34.78) (43.75) (42.85) (37.5) (24.39)(40) (43.47) (34)
13
17
22
11
23
15
34 18 19
86
Easy Accessibility
(92.85) (89.47) (95.65) (68.75) (82.14) (93.75) (82.92)(90) (82.60) (86)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41 20 23 100
N
Table 6.8 highlights that 86 per cent of the respondents have
been influenced by easy accessibility, followed by tariff (77%),
cleanliness (49%), image and quality of services (43% each), nearness to
bus stand(34%), advertisement(12%) and nearness to railway station
(5%). Education-wise, the table reveals that a vast majority of
respondents, irrespective of their educational categories have been
influenced by easy accessibility and tariff while selecting a place for
stay. Further, 75 per cent of the respondents from category E4 followed
by categories E5 (60.71%), E1 (50%) and E3 (43.47%) have been
influenced by cleanliness. Similarly, 68.75 per cent of the respondents
from category E4 and almost 50 per cent of the respondents from
category E3 and E5 have been influenced by the of the place whereas 2545 per cent of the respondents(except category E2) have been influenced
by nearness to the bus stand. Almost 62 per cent of the respondents
from categories E4 and E5 have been influenced by quality of services.
Further, 14.28 per cent of the respondents from category E1 have been
influenced by nearness to the railway station. Pilgrim-wise, the table
shows that a vast majority of the respondents, irrespective of their
pilgrim categories have been influenced by easy accessibility and tariff
while selecting accommodation. Further, 60.86 per cent of the
respondents from category T4 and 40-50 per cent of the respondents
from categories T1, T2 and T3 have considered cleanliness while selecting
the accommodation whereas 35-55 per cent of the respondents have
been influenced by quality of services and the image of the place.
Similarly, 25-45 per cent of the respondents have been influenced by
nearness to the bus stand. 20 per cent of the respondents from category
T3 have considered advertisement while selecting accommodation.
Nearness to the railway station has influenced comparatively lesser
number of respondents belonging to different categories.
In response to another query a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their category have visited Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine
during Navratras.
Table-6.9
Time Preferred to Start Journey from Katra to Bhawan
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Time preferred to Start journey
from Katra to Bhawan
Between 3AM-7AM
7AM-11AM
11AM-7PM
7PM-11PM
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2 T3 T4
4
4
4
2
1
2
7
4
2
15
(28.57)(21.05) (17.39) (12.5) (3.57) (12.25) (17.07) (20) (8.69) (15)
7
6
4
2
15
5
12
9
8
34
(50) (31.57) (17.39) (12.5)(53.57) (31.25) (29.26) (45)(34.78) (34)
2
4
4
2
1
4
8
1
13
(14.28)(21.05) (17.39) (12.5) (3.57) (25) (19.51)
(4.34) (13)
1
5
11
10
11
5
14
7
12
38
(7.14) (26.31) (47.82) (62.5)(39.28) (31..25)(34.14) (35)(52.17) (38)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41 20 23 100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 23.483, d.f. = 4, Significant at 5 per cent level of
significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 11.31, d.f = 4, Not-significant at 5 per cent level of
significance
Table 6.9 indicates that 38 per cent of the respondents have
started their journey from Katra to Bhawan between ‘7PM to 11PM’
followed by those who started it between ‘7AM to 11AM’ (34%), ‘3AM to
7AM’ (15%) and ‘11AM to 7PM’ (13%). Education-wise, the table reveals
that a vast majority of the respondents from category E4 (62.5%)
followed by categories E3 (47.82%) and E5 (39.28%) have started their
journey between ‘7PM to 11PM’. Further, around 50 per cent of the
respondents from categories E5 and E1 have moved from Katra between
‘7AM to 11AM’. Similarly, 28.57 per cent of the respondents from
category E1 have visited between ‘3AM to 7AM’ whereas an equal
number of the respondents from category E2 (21.05%) have been started
for Bhawan between ‘11AM to 7PM’ and ‘3AM to 7AM’. The Chi-square
value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents
belonging
to
different
educational categories with respect to time preferred for starting
journey from Katra to Bhawan. Pilgrim-wise the table indicates that
52.17 per cent of the respondents from category T4 and 30-35 per cent
of the respondents from other categories have started their journey from
Katra to the shrine between ‘7PM to 11PM’. Further, 25-45 per cent of
the respondents have moved between ‘7AM to 11AM’. Similarly, 25 per
cent of the respondents from category T1 and 20 per cent of the
respondents from category T3 have started their journey to the shrine
between ’11 AM to 7 PM’ and ‘3AM to 7AM’ respectively. The Chi-square
value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to the different
pilgrim categories with respect to time preferred to start their visit from
Katra to Bhawan.
Further, in response to another query a vast majority of
respondents have preferred to stay for one day in Jammu and Katra.
However, a large number of the respondents have liked to stay for less
than one day at bhawan while visiting Mata Vaishno Devi.
Table-6.10
Overall Time Consumed for Yatra to Vaishno Devi
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Total Time
2 days
3-5 days
N
Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
3
2
4
1
(21.42) (10.52) (17.39) (6.25)
11
17
19
15
(78.57) (89.47) (82.60) (93.75)
14
19
23
16
E5
7
(25)
21
(75)
28
Pilgrim Categories
Total
T1
T2
T3
T4
3
7
4
3
17
(18.75) (17.07) (20) (13.04) (17)
13
34
16
20
83
(81.25) (82.92) (80) (86.95) (83)
16
41
20
23
100
Chi-square value for educational categories=3.302, d.f. = 4, Not-significant at 5 per cent
level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories=0.40, d.f. = 3, Not-significant at 5 per cent level
of significance
Further, Table 6.10 highlights that 83 per cent of the respondents
have spent ‘3-5 days’ from residing place to Mata Vaishno Devi followed
by those who have spent two days (17%). Education-wise, the table
finds that a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
educational category have spent ‘3-5 days’ from residing place to Mata
Vaishno Devi. Further, 25 per cent of the respondents from category E 5
followed by categories E1 (21.42%) and E3 (17.39%) have spent two days
in this regard. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance
shows that no significant differences exist among the respondents
belonging to different educational categories with respect to their time
spent from residing place to Mata Vaishno Devi. Pilgrim-wise, the table
states that a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their category
have spent ‘3-5 days’ from residing place to Mata Vaishno Devi. The
Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no
significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to the
different pilgrim categories with respect to their time spent for yatra to
Mata Vaishno Devi.
Total Expenditure by the Respondents
Tourists spend on different tourism infrastructure facilities
namely transportation, food, accommodation, rituals, and shopping,
according to their need and income. To check their expenditure pattern,
the respondents were asked to specify their total average expenditure
per person on the above activities during their visit to Mata Vaishno
Devi. Education-wise and pilgrim-wise aggregate expenditure of the
respondents in this regard has been presented in Table 6.11.
Table-6.11
Total Expenditure by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Total Expenditure
Upto 1000
1000-2000
Above 2000
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
5
6
5
1
12
3
16
(35.71) (31.57)
(17.85) (6.25) (29.26) (15)
(16)
6
7
18
9
17
12
19
11
15
57
(42.85) (36.84)(78.26) (56.25) (60.71) (75) (46.34) (55) (65.21) (57)
3
6
5
7
6
3
10
6
8
27
(21.42) (31.57)(21.73) (43.75) (21.42) (18.75)(24.39) (30) (34.78) (27)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
23
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 26.184, d.f. = 8, Significant at 5 per cent
level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 17.63, d.f. = 6, Significant at 5 per cent level
of significance.
Table 6.11 shows that a vast majority of respondents (57%) have
incurred an average expenditure between Rs. 1000-2000 per person
followed by those who have spent above Rs. 2000 (27%) and up to
Rs.1000 (16%). Education-wise, 78.26 per cent of the respondents from
category E3 followed by categories E5 (60.71%), E4 (56.25%), E1 (42.85%)
and E2 (36.84%) have spent between Rs. 1000-2000. Further, 43.75 per
cent of the respondents from category E4 followed by category E2
(31.57%) and an equal number of respondents (21.42%) from categories
E1, E3 and E5 have spent above Rs.2000. Similarly, 30-35 per cent of
the respondents from categories E1 and E2 have spent up to Rs. 1000.
The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that
significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different educational categories with respect to total expenditure on
pilgrimage to Mata Vaishno Devi. Pilgrim-wise the table shows that a
large number of the respondents from category T1 (75%) followed by
categories T4 (65.21%), T3 (55%) and T2 (46.34%) have spent between
Rs.1000-2000. However, 34.78 per cent of the respondents from
category T4 have spent above Rs.2000. Further, almost 30 per cent of
the respondents from category T2 have spent up to Rs.1000. The Chisquare value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to different pilgrim
categories with respect to total expenditure in Mata Vaishno Devi.
Bath at Ban Ganga
Ban Ganga is situated at a distance of 2 km from Katra.
According to a historical view, during the pursuits with Bhaironath
when Mata Vaishno Devi felt thirsty, she shot an arrow and water came
out at this place. This place is known as Ban Ganga. A large number of
devotees take bath in Ban Ganga. In this regard, the respondents were
asked whether they took bath and problems faced by them at Ban
Ganga. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses in this respect
have been presented in Tables 6.12 and 6.13.
Table-6.12
Bathing Behaviour of the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Bath Ban Ganga
Yes
No
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
12
11
15
7
5
11
21
9
9
50
(85.71)(57.89) (65.21) (43.75) (17.85)(68.75) (51.21) (45) (39.13) (50)
2
8
8
9
23
5
20
11
14
50
(14.28)(42.10) (34.78) (56.25) (82.14)(31.25) (48.78) (55) (60.86) (50)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
23
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 21.52, d.f. = 4, Significant at 5 per cent
level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 3.55, d.f. = 3, Not-significant at 5 per cent level
of significance.
Table-6.12 reveals that 50 per cent of the respondents have
taken bath at Ban Ganga. Education-wise the table shows that a vast
majority of respondents from categories E1 (85.71%), E3 (65.21%) and
E2 (57.89%) have taken bath at Ban Ganga while 82.14 per cent of the
respondents from category E5 followed by category E4 (56.25%) have not
taken bath here. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance
shows that significant differences exist among the respondents
belonging to different educational categories with respect to their
bathing behavior at Ban Ganga. Pilgrim-wise, the table highlights that
majority of the respondents from category T1 (68.75%) and T2 (51.21%)
have taken bath at Ban Ganga whereas majority of the respondents
from category T3 (55%) and T4 (60.86%) have not done so. The Chisquare value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to different pilgrim
categories with respect to their bathing behavior at Ban Ganga.
Table-6.13
Bathing Problems Faced by the Respondents at Banganga
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Bathing Problems
(Ban Ganga)
Lack of Space
Less Number
Ladies Bathrooms
Lack of Cleanliness
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
3
3
6
4
2
6
2
4
6
18
(25) (27.27) (40) (57.14) (40) (54.54) (9.52) (44.44) (66.66) (36)
2
5
12
4
3
6
7
6
7
26
(16.66)(45.45) (80) (57.14) (60) (54.54) (33.33)(66.66) (77.77) (52)
6
8
10
6
4
7
12
7
8
34
(50) (72.72) (66.66) (85.71) (80) (63.63) (57.14)(77.77) (88.88) (68)
12
11
15
7
5
11
21
9
9
50
Table 6.13 highlights that a vast majority of respondents have
complained regarding the lack of cleanliness followed by less number of
ladies’ bathrooms (52%) and lack of space (36%). Education-wise, the
table shows that a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
educational
categories
have
complained
regarding
the
lack
of
cleanliness and less number of ladies’ bathrooms (except categories E1
and E2). Further, an equal number of the respondents from categories
E4 (57.14%) and E3 and E5 (40% each) have highlighted the problems of
lack of space. Pilgrim-wise, the table reveals that a vast majority of the
respondents irrespective of their pilgrim categories have highlighted the
problem of lack of cleanliness, less number of ladies’ bathrooms (except
categories T2) and lack of space (except categories T2 and T3).
Visit at Ardhkuwari
Mata Vaishno Devi has meditated in a cave at Ardhkuwari where
she stayed for nine months. This cave is known as Garbh Joon (the
womb). To know the responses of the respondents regarding whether
they prefer to visit and stay at Ardhkuwari and cross Garbh Joon, and
their overall experience at this place, they were asked about the same.
The education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses in this respect have
been presented in Table 6.14.
Table-6.14
Visiting Behaviour of the Respondents at Ardhkuwari
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Visit Ardhkuwari
Always
Sometime
Never
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
7
9
10
8
7
7
18
7
9
41
(50) (47.36) (43.47) (50) (25) (43.75) (43.90) (35) (39.13) (41)
3
7
5
5
19
6
13
10
10
39
(21.42) (36.84) (21.73)(31.25) (67.85) (37.5) (31.70) (50) (43.47) (39)
4
3
8
3
2
3
10
3
4
20
(28.57) (15.78) (34.78)(18.75) (7.14) (18.75) (24.39) (15) (17.39) (20)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
23
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 17.11, d.f. = 8, Significant at 5 per cent
level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 2.36, d.f. = 6, Not-significant at 5 per cent level
of significance
Table-6.14 indicates that a large number of respondents (41%)
have always visited Ardhkuwari followed by those who have visited here
sometime (39%). Further, 20 per cent of the respondents have never
visited Ardhkuwari. Education-wise, the table reveals that 40-50 per
cent of the respondents (except category E5) have always visited
Ardhkuwari. Further, 67.85 per cent of the respondents from category
E5 followed by categories E2 (36.84%) and E4 (31.25%) have visited
Ardhkuwari sometime. However, 34.78 per cent of the respondents from
category E3 followed by category E1 (28.57%) have never visited
Ardhkuwari. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance
shows that significant differences exist among the respondents
belonging to the different educational categories with respect to their
visit at Ardhkuwari.Pilgrim-wise, the table reveals that almost an equal
number of respondents (43.75%) from categories T1 and T2 followed by
categories T4 (39.13%) and T3 (35%) have visited Ardhkuwari always.
Further, 40-50 per cent of the respondents have visited here sometime.
However, 24.39 per cent of the respondents from category T2 have never
visited Ardhkuwari. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that no significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to
their visit at Ardhkuwari.
Further, in response to a query a vast majority of respondents
(except category E5) irrespective of their education and pilgrim category
have not preferred to visit Garbhjoon. At least 50 per cent of the
respondents from all educational and pilgrim categories have reported
lots of rush and fear factors, due to which they have not crossed
Garbhjoon while visiting Mata Vaishno Devi. Similarly, in response to
another query, (50-80%) of the respondents irrespective of their
category have never stayed in Ardhkuwari. Further, a vast majority of
respondents are highly satisfied with their overall experience at
Ardhkuwari.
Mean Used from Katra to Bhawan
Pilgrims can go to Bhawan from Katra by following road or stairs
route. If they are not able to walk, they can hire the services of pony or
palki. To know the way selected by the respondents, their travelling
behaviour and time taken from Katra to Bhawan and waiting time
consumed at Bhawan they were asked about the same. The educationwise and pilgrim-wise responses of the respondents have been
presented in Table 6.15 and 6.16.
Table-6.15
Travelling Behaviour of the Rspondents from Katra to Bhawan
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Mean Katra to Bhawan
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
3
5
4
14
4
8
8
6
(15.78)(21.73) (25) (50) (25) (19.51) (40) (26.08)
12
12
16
12
14
11
28
11
16
(85.71) (63.15)(69.56) (75) (50) (68.75) (68.29) (55) (69.56)
2
4
2
1
5
1
1
(14.28) (21.05) (8.69)
(6.25) (12.19) (5) (4.34)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
23
E1
-
Pony
By Foot
Palki
N
Total
26
(26)
66
(66)
8
(8)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 21.186, d.f. = 8, Significant at 5 per cent
level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 4.19, d.f. = 6, Not-significant at 5 per cent level
of significance
Table-6.15 reveals that majority of the respondents (66%) have
visited from Katra to Bhawan on foot followed by those who have hired
pony (26%) and palki (8%). Education-wise, the table highlights that
85.71 per cent of the respondents from category E1 followed by
categories E4 (75%), E3 (69.56%) and E2 (63.15%) have visited on foot.
Further, an equal number of the respondents from categories E5 (50%)
have visited on foot and pony. However, 21.05 per cent of the
respondents from categories E2 have hired palki to visit from Katra to
Bhawan. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows
that significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different
educational
categories
with
respect
to
their
travelling
behaviour from Katra to Bhawan. Pilgrim-wise, the table finds that
around 68 per cent of the respondents from category T1, T2 and T4 have
visited from Katra to Bhawan on foot. Further, 40 per cent of the
respondents from category T3 followed by categories T4 (26.08%) and T1
(25%) have hired pony. However, 12.19 per cent of the respondents
from category T2 have hired palki. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent
level of significance shows that no significant differences exist among
the respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to
their mean of transportation used from Katra to Bhawan.
Further, in response to a query, a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their categories have travelled by road from Katra to
Bhawan. Similarily, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
categories have travelled by stairs while coming from Bhawan to Katra.
In response to another query a large number of respondents have taken
3-5 hr from Katra to Bhawan.
Table-6.16
Waiting Time Consumed at Bhawan by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Wait at Bhawan
Less than 1hr
1hr-3hr
3hr-5hr
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
5
6
8
5
9
6
13
9
5
33
(35.71) (31.57) (34.78) (31.25) (32.14) (37.5) (31.70) (45) (21.73) (33)
6
13
13
11
19
9
24
11
18
62
(42.85) (68.42) (56.52) (68.75) (67.85) (56.25) (58.53) (55) (78.26) (62)
3
2
1
4
5
(21.42)
(8.69)
(6.25) (9.75)
(5)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
23
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 5.535, d.f. = 8, Not-significant at 5 per cent
level of significance
Chi-square value pilgrim categories= 7.233, d.f. = 6, Not-significant at 5 per cent level
of significance
Table-6.16 highlights that a vast majority of respondents (62%)
have waited between ‘1hour-3hours’ for darshan at Bhawan followed by
those who have waited less than 1hr (33%) and between ‘3hrs-5hrs’
(5%). Education-wise, the table shows that a vast majority of
respondents irrespective of their educational category have waited
between ‘1hr-3hrs’. Further, 30-35 per cent of the respondents have
waited less than 1hr whereas 21.42 per cent of the respondents from
category E1 have waited between ‘3hrs-5hrs’ for darshan at Bhawan.
The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no
significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different educational categories with respect to their waiting time taken
for darshan at Bhawan. Pilgrim-wise, the table indicates that 78.26 per
cent of the respondents from category T4 and around 55 per cent of the
respondents from categories T1, T2 and T3 have waited between ‘1hr-
3hrs’. Further, 45 per cent of the respondents from category T3 followed
by categories T1 (37.5%), T2 (31.70%) and T4 (21.73%) have waited less
than 1hr. 9.75 per cent of the respondents from category T2 have waited
between ‘3hrs-5hrs’ for darshan at Bhawan. The Chi-square value at 5
per cent level of significance shows that no significant differences exist
among the respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with
respect to waiting time taken by the respondents for darshan at
Bhawan.
In response to a query, a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their categories have bought parasad from shops situated
at Bhawan while they have purchased clothes, dry fruits and cricket
bats from Katra.
Problems Faced by the Respondents
Vaishno Devi Shrine is situated at Trikuta Hills situated at a
distance of 12 Kms. from Katra. Registration of pilgrims at Katra is the
pre-requisite for onward journey to the Shrine where a slip is issued to
each group at one of the designated offices. The journey to the Shrine is
carried generally on foot which motivates the pilgrims to stay at Katra
either before undertaking the onward journey or after returning from
the Shrine. People also like to purchase dry-fruits and antiques from
here for their friends and relatives. People who come through taxi or by
their own cars are also required to park their vehicles at Katra. During
Savan and Navratras, when a large number of people come for
pilgrimage, sometimes authorities stop the people for onward journey
for a day or two. Thus, Katra though a small town, generally remains a
crowded destination due to the pilgrims. The main problems faced by
the respondents in Katra have been analysed education-wise and
pilgrims-wise in Table-6.17.
Table-6.17
Problems Faced by the Respondents in Katra
(Education-Wise/Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Problems
Educational Categories
E1
Accommodation
Non Availability
High Tariff
Lack of Cleanliness
Problem in Room
Reservation
N
Food
High Rate
Oily and Spicy
Lack of Freshness
Lack of Sitting
Arrangement
N
Parking
Lack of Space
E2
E3
E4
E5
Pilgrims Categories
T1
Total
T2
T3
T4
21
(52.5)
30
(75)
36
(90)
5
(12.5)
40
9
(45)
17
(85)
8
(40)
1
(5)
20
10
(50)
15
(75)
12
(60)
4
(20)
20
54
(56.25)
76
(79.16)
67
(69.79)
13
(13.54)
96
11
15
22
15
23
13
37
(78.57) (78.94) (95.65) (93.75) (85.18) (86.66) (90.24)
8
6
10
9
13
8
15
(57.14) (31.57) (43.47) (56.25) (48.14) (53.33) (36.58)
7
5
12
9
13
5
18
(50) (26.31) (52.17) (56.25) (48.14) (33.33) (43.90)
5
5
10
13
12
9
18
(35.71) (26.31) (43.47) (81.25) (44.44) (60) (43.90)
15
(75)
12
(60)
10
(50)
7
(35)
21
(91.30)
11
(47.82)
13
(56.52)
11
(47.82)
86
(86.86)
46
(46.46)
46
(46.46)
45
(45.45)
9
13
10
8
14
14
(64.28) (68.42) (47.61) (53.33) (51.85) (87.5)
13
14
17
13
19
14
(92.85) (73.68) (80.95) (86.66) (70.37) (87.5)
12
13
17
10
15
11
(85.71) (68.42) (80.95) (66.66) (55.55) (68.75)
2
3
2
2
4
3
(14.28) (15.78) (9.52) (13.33) (14.81) (18.75)
14
19
21
15
27
16
15
41
20
23
99
-
3
(100)
1
(33.33)
1
(33.33)
3
4
(100)
4
(100)
2
(50)
4
-
-
7
(100)
5
(71.42)
3
(42.85)
7
9
12
16
12
20
9
26
(64.28) (63.15) (69.56) (75) (71.42) (56.25) (63.41)
Misbehaving by
2
3
5
4
6
1
5
Bus Conductor
(14.28) (15.78) (21.73) (25) (21.42) (6.25) (12.19)
Inadequate Bus Service
4
10
12
10
11
7
17
to Shivkhori
(28.57) (52.63) (52.17) (62.5) (39.28) (43.75) (41.46)
High Tariff of Taxi
1
7
9
7
17
7
11
(7.14) (36.84) (39.13) (43.75) (60.71) (43.75) (26.82)
High Tariff of Local
11
16
22
13
13
11
35
Auto
(78.57) (84.21) (95.65) (81.25) (46.42) (68.75) (85.36)
N
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
Sanitation
Less Number of Toilets
8
8
9
11
24
8
24
(57.14) (42.10) (39.13) (68.75) (85.71) (50) (58.53)
Lack of Cleanliness
11
16
21
13
24
16
36
(78.57) (84.21) (91.30) (81.25) (85.71) (100) (87.80)
Lack of Water in Toilets
3
5
5
7
16
5
12
(21.42) (26.31) (21.73) (43.75) (57.14) (31.25) (29.26)
13
(65)
8
(40)
8
(40)
10
(50)
13
(65)
20
21
(91.30)
6
(26.08)
15
(65.21)
13
(56.52)
16
(69.56)
23
69
(69)
20
(20)
47
(47)
41
(41)
75
(75)
100
15
(75)
15
(75)
9
(45)
13
(56.52)
18
(78.26)
10
(43.47)
60
(60)
85
(85)
36
(36)
Lack of Security
Misbehaving by
Concerned People
N
Transportation
Overcrowding in Buses
14
19
23
2
(100)
1
(50)
1
(50)
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
16
27
1
4
(100) (100)
4
(100)
2
(50)
1
4
-
-
Overcrowding
31
(75.60)
8
(19.51)
26
(63.41)
16
(39.02)
18
(43.90)
41
12
(60)
1
(5)
7
(35)
6
(30)
4
(20)
20
17
(73.91)
9
(39.13)
14
(60.86)
10
(43.47)
10
(43.47)
23
74
(74)
19
(19)
57
(57)
34
(34)
38
(38)
100
14
18
21
15
24
16
36
(100) (94.73) (91.30) (93.75) (85.71) (100) (87.80)
5
11
11
12
19
11
19
(35.71) (57.89) (47.82) (75) (67.85) (68.75) (46.34)
3
3
6
7
7
7
10
(21.42) (15.78) (26.08) (43.75) (25) (43.75) (24.39)
5
2
4
8
3
7
7
(35.71) (10.52) (17.39) (50) (10.71) (43.75) (17.07)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
17
(85)
9
(45)
5
(25)
3
(15)
20
23
(100)
19
(82.60)
4
(17.39)
5
(21.73)
23
92
(92)
58
(58)
26
(26)
22
(22)
100
14
17
21
14
24
12
40
(100) (89.47) (91.30) (87.5) (85.71) (75) (97.56)
Lack of Quality Product
8
7
8
7
19
8
9
(57.14) (36.84) (34.78) (43.75) (67.85) (50) (21.95)
Misbehaving by the
6
7
9
8
10
8
14
Shopkeeper
(42.85) (36.84) (39.13) (50) (35.71) (50) (34.14)
Lack of Variety
7
6
6
12
9
10
12
(50) (31.57) (26.08) (75) (32.14) (62.5) (29.26)
N
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
Medical Facility
Non-Availability of
6
7
8
8
11
5
19
Information
(42.85) (36.84) (34.78) (50) (39.28) (31.25) (46.34)
Less Number of Doctors
3
2
6
3
8
14
(21.42) (10.52) (26.08) (18.75) (28.57)
(34.14)
Less Number of Medical
4
3
5
4
7
2
11
Shops
(28.57) (15.78) (21.73) (25) (25) (12.5) (26.82)
Less Qualified Doctors
2
2
4
1
4
6
(14.28) (10.52) (17.39) (6.25) (14.28)
(14.63)
Indifferent Attitude of
2
2
4
1
2
7
Medical Staff
(14.28) (10.52) (17.39) (6.25) (7.14)
(17.07)
16
(80)
15
(75)
10
(50)
8
(40)
20
22
(95.65)
17
(73.91)
8
(34.78)
10
(43.47)
23
90
(90)
49
(49)
40
(40)
40
(40)
100
5
(25)
2
(10)
2
(10)
3
(15)
1
(5)
11
(47.82)
6
(26.08)
8
(34.78)
4
(17.39)
3
(13.04)
40
(40)
22
(22)
23
(23)
13
(13)
11
(11)
Scarcity of Medicines
4
(9.75)
41
1
(5)
20
2
(8.69)
23
7
(7)
100
14
18
22
15
21
15
38
(100) (94.73) (95.65) (93.75) (75) (93.75) (92.68)
2
4
7
5
12
4
10
(14.28) (21.05) (30.43) (31.25) (42.85) (25) (24.39)
2
3
4
4
6
2
7
(14.28) (15.78) (17.39) (25) (21.42) (12.5) (17.07)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
18
(90)
6
(30)
3
(15)
20
19
(82.60)
10
(43.47)
7
(30.43)
23
90
(90)
30
(30)
19
(19)
100
Overcharging by
Sweeper
Congested Bathrooms
Less Number of Ladies
Bathrooms
Improper Lighting
N
Drinking Water
Less Number of Taps
Lack of Cleanliness
Non-Availability of
Fresh Water
Non-Working Taps
N
Shopping
High Rate
N
Shelter
Less Number of Shelters
Lack of Cleanliness
Improper Lighting
N
9
18
20
13
14
(64.28) (94.73) (86.95) (81.25) (50)
3
2
3
4
7
(21.42) (10.52) (13.04) (25) (25)
7
12
15
12
11
(50) (63.15) (65.21) (75) (39.28)
4
3
8
9
10
(28.57) (15.78) (34.78) (56.25) (35.71)
4
6
10
8
10
(28.57) (31.57) (43.47) (50) (35.71)
14
19
23
16
28
1
2
1
1
2
(7.14) (10.52) (4.34) (6.25) (7.14)
14
19
23
16
28
14
(87.5)
1
(6.25)
10
(62.5)
2
(12.5)
6
(37.5)
16
16
Accommodation
Accommodation is the basic requirement of every tourist and its
choice depends upon many factors like tariff, safety, capacity to pay and
comfort level etc. 96 respondents who have stayed in Katra have
highlighted some problems regarding accommodation as shown in Table
6.17. The table reveals that 79.16 per cent of the respondents have
faced the problem of high tariff followed by lack of cleanliness (69.79%),
non
availability
(56.25%) and
problem
in
reservation
(13.54%).
Education-wise a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their
educational categories have faced the problems of high tariff, lack of
cleanliness and non availability of accommodation (except category E 3).
Further, 10-15 per cent of the respondents have faced the problem
regarding reservation of accommodation. Pilgrim-wise the table shows
that a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their pilgrim
categories have faced problems of high tariff and lack of cleanliness
(except category T3). Further, 87.5 per cent of the respondents from
category T1 and 50-55 per cent of the respondents from categories T2, T3
and
T4
have
faced
the
problem
regarding
non
availability
of
accommodation. However, 20 per cent of the respondents from category
T4 have reported the problem in room reservation.
Food
Food is a basic requirement of every tourist and its choice
depends upon many factors like hygiene, rate, eating space, nature and
variety of food etc. In response to a query, 99 respondents who have
taken food in Katra have highlighted some food related problems. Table
6.17 depicts that a large number of respondents (86.86%) have
complained regarding high rates of food and almost 46 per cent of the
respondents have highlighted the problems of oily and spicy food, lack
of freshness and lack of sitting arrangement. Education-wise, a vast
majority of respondents irrespective of their categories have highlighted
the problems of high rate. Further, 40-60 per cent of the respondents
(except category E2) have faced the problems of oily and spicy food and
lack of freshness in food. However, 81.25 per cent of the respondents
from category E4 have reported the problem of lack of sitting
arrangement. Pilgrim-wise the table reveals that a vast majority of
respondents irrespective of their category have highlighted the problem
of high rates. Further, 60 per cent of the respondents from category T3
followed by category T1 (53.33%) have reported the problem of oily and
spicy nature of food. However, 60 per cent of the respondents from
category T1 have highlighted the problem of lack of sitting arrangement
while 56.52 per cent of the respondents from category T4 followed by
category T3 (50%) have faced the problem of lack of freshness in food.
Parking
Parking place is the basic requirement for those who use their
own vehicles for travelling and its choice depends on availability of
space, parking charges, and security etc. 7 respondents who have used
their own vehicles to visit Katra have highlighted some problems
regarding parking as shown in Table 6.17. The table shows that a vast
majority of the respondents have complained regarding lack of parking
space (100%) and lack of security (71.42%) followed by misbehaving by
concerned people (42.85%). Education-wise, a vast majority of the
respondents from categories E1 and E5 have pointed regarding lack of
parking space and lack of security. Further, an equal number of
respondents from categories E1 and E5 have complained regarding
misbehaving by concerned people. Pilgrim-wise, the table shows that a
vast majority of respondents have highlighted the problem of lack of
parking space and lack of security(except category T2) and misbehaving
by the concerned people (except category T2).
Transportation
Public transportation is the most popular way when people travel
from one place to another but its choice depends upon many factors
like tariff, availability and reservation facility etc. All the respondents
have highlighted some problems regarding transportation as shown in
Table 6.17. The table shows that 75 per cent of the respondents have
complained regarding high tariff charged by local auto rikshaws
followed by over crowdedness in buses (69%), inadequate buses to
Shivkhori (47%), high tariff by taxi (41%) and misbehaving by the
conductors (20%). Education-wise, the table indicates that a vast
majority of the respondents have highlighted the problems of over
crowdedness in buses, high tariff charged by local auto rikshaws
(except category E5) and inadequate bus services to Shivkhori (except
category E1 and E5). Similarly, 60.71 per cent of the respondents from
category E5 and 35-45 per cent of the respondents (except category E1)
have complained regarding high tariff charged by taxi. However, 25 per
cent of the respondents from category E4 have complained regarding
misbehaving by bus conductor. Pilgrim-wise, the table shows that a
vast
majority
of
respondents
have faced
the
problem
of
over
crowdedness in buses, high tariff by local auto, high tariff by taxi
(except category T1 & T2) and inadequate bus services to Shivkhori
(except category T1,T2 & T3). Further, 40 per cent of the respondents
have complained regarding misbehaving by bus conductor and problem
in train reservation.
Sanitation
Sanitation is a basic requirement of tourists. All the respondents
who have visited Katra
have highlighted some problems regarding
sanitation as shown in Table 6.17. The table reveals that 85 per cent of
the respondents have reported lack of cleanliness in toilets followed by
overcrowding (74%), less number of toilets (60%) and congested
bathrooms (57%). Further, 38 per cent of the respondents have
complained regarding improper lighting followed by lack of water (36%),
less number of ladies’ bathrooms (34%) and overcharging by sweepers
(19%). Education-wise, majority of the respondents irrespective of their
educational categories have complained regarding lack of cleanliness,
overcrowding, congested bathrooms (except category E5) and less
number of toilets (except category E2, E3 & E4). Further, 57.14 per cent
of the respondents from category E5 have complained regarding lack of
water in toilets whereas an equal number of the respondents (25%) from
categories E4 and E5 have reported the problem of overcharging by
sweeper. However, 30-60 per cent of the respondents have highlighted
the problem of less number of ladies’ bathrooms (except categories E1 &
E2) and improper lighting (except category E1). Pilgrim-wise, the table
reveals that a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their category
have reported regarding lack of cleanliness in toilets, overcrowding, less
number of toilets and congested bathrooms (except category T3). 45 per
cent of the respondents from category T3 have highlighted the problem
of lack of water while 39.13 per cent of the respondents from category
T4 have reported the problem of overcharging by sweepers. Further,
almost an equal number of respondents from category T4 (43.47%) have
complained regarding lack of water and less number of ladies’
bathrooms. However, almost 44 per cent of the respondents from
categories T2 and T4 have complained regarding improper lighting in
toilets.
Drinking Water Problem
Providing drinking water to tourists remains a big challenge for
the managers of a pilgrimage site. All the respondents who have visited
Katra have highlighted some problems regarding drinking water as
shown in Table 6.17. The table shows that majority of the respondents
have pointed out the problems of less number of taps (92%) and lack of
cleanliness near taps (58%) followed by non availability of fresh water
(26%) and non working taps (22%). Education-wise most of the
respondents irrespective of their educational categories have faced the
problems regarding less number of taps and lack of cleanliness near
taps (except categories E1 and E3). Further, 50 per cent of the
respondents from category E4 have highlighted the problem of non
working taps whereas 43.75 per cent of the respondents from same
category have reported the problem of non availability of fresh water.
Pilgrim-wise the table reveals that a vast majority of respondents (85100%) have complained regarding less number of taps. Further, 82.60
per cent of the respondents from category T4 followed by category T1
(68.75%) have complained regarding lack of cleanliness near taps. An
equal
number
of
respondents
from
category
T1 (43.75%)
have
highlighted the problem of lack of fresh water and non working taps.
Shopping
People like to purchase goods at religious places because of
sanctity attached with that place. Thus, many tourist centres are big
business centres and provide good opportunities to sell for the
marketers. However, choice of shopping place depends upon many
factors like price charged for products, quality of products and
behaviour of the shopkeepers. In a response to a query, all the
respondents who visited Katra have highlighted some problems
regarding shopping as shown in Table 6.17. The table depicts that 90
per cent of the respondents have faced the problem of high rate.
Further, 49 per cent respondents have communicated regarding lack of
quality products. An equal number of respondents (40%) have
highlighted the problems of misbehaving by the shopkeepers and lack of
variety. Education-wise the table shows that a vast majority of the
respondents irrespective of their educational categories have pointed
out regarding high rates, lack of quality products (except categories E 2,
E3 and E4) and lack of variety (except categories E2, E3 and E5) at Katra.
Further, 35-50 per cent of the respondents have reported regarding
misbehaving by the shopkeepers. Pilgrim-wise the table shows that
majority of the respondents have highlighted regarding problems of high
rates and lack of quality products (except category T2). Further, 62.5
per cent of the respondents from category T1 followed by categories T4
(43.47%) and T3 (40%) have complained regarding lack of variety in
goods. Similarly, an equal number of respondents from categories T1
and T3 and almost 34 per cent of the respondents from categories T 2
and T4 have reported regarding misbehaving by the shopkeepers.
Medical Facility
To provide proper medical facilities to the tourist is the
responsibility of the state government. All the respondents who have
visited Katra have highlighted some problems regarding medical
facilities as shown in Table 6.17. The respondents have pointed out the
problems of non availability of information (40%), less number of
medical shops (23%), less number of doctors (22%), less qualified
doctors (13%), indifferent attitude of medical staff (11%) and scarcity of
medicines (7%). Education-wise, the table reveals that 50 per cent of
the respondents from category E4 followed by categories E1 (42.85%),
and 30-40 per cent of the respondents from other categories have
reported the problem of
non availability of information. Further, 10-30
per cent of the respondents have highlighted the problems of
number of doctors,
less number of medical shops,
less
less qualified
doctors (except category E4) and indifferent attitude by medical staff
(except categories E4 & E5). The percentage share of the respondents
who have complained regarding scarcity of medicines is negligible.
Pilgrim-wise almost 47 per cent of the respondents from categories T2
and T4 have complained regarding non- availability of information.
Further, 25-35 per cent of the respondents from categories T2 and T4
have reported the problems of less number of doctors and less number
of medical shops. Similarly, almost 17 per cent of the respondents from
categories T2 and T4 have highlighted the problems of less qualified
doctors and
indifferent attitude of medical staff. However, the
percentage share of the respondents who have complained regarding
scarcity of medicines is negligible.
Shelters
Shelters
are
the
basic
requirement
of
pilgrims.
All
the
respondents who have visited Katra have highlighted some problems
regarding shelters as shown in Table 6.17. The table reveals that the
majority of the respondents (90%) have pointed out the problems of less
number of shelters followed by lack of cleanliness (30%) and improper
lighting
(19%).
Education-wise
a
vast
majority
of
respondents
irrespective of their educational categories have reported the problem of
less number of shelters. Further, 42.85 per cent of the respondents
from category E5 and almost 31 per cent of the respondents from
categories E3 and E4 have complained regarding lack of cleanliness.
However, 15-25 per cent of the respondents (except category E1) have
quoted the problem of improper lighting. Pilgrim-wise, the table shows
that a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their categories have
reported the problem of less number of shelters. Further, 43.47 per cent
of the respondents from category T4 and 25-30 per cent of the
respondents from other categories have complained regarding lack of
cleanliness. 30.43 per cent of the respondents from category T4 have
faced the problem of improper lighting.
Problems Faced by Pilgrims En-Route
From Katra pilgrims move to Vaishno Devi Shrine (12 Kms.) on foot.
The terrain is hilly and pilgrims can move ahead via road (used for
mule) or by stairs which starts from Ban Ganga (a sacred place where
people generally take dip). The journey is tiring however Vaishno Devi
Shrine has wide arrangements for shelter, drinking water, toilets and
cleanliness of path. Multiple shops having eatables are run by the local
people. To know the problems of pilgrims en-route (between Ban Ganga
and Vaishno Devi Shrine), they were asked few questions. Their
responses have been given in Table 6.18 and paragraphs to follow.
Table-6.18
Problems Faced by the Respondents En-Route
(Education-Wise/Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Problems
E1
Food
High Rate
Educational Categories
E2
E3
E4
E5
Pilgrims Categories
T1
T2
T3
T4
Total
11
18
21
14
23
14
38
15
20
87
(84.61) (100) (100) (87.5) (88.46)(93.33) (97.43) (83.33) (90.90)(92.55)
Oily and Spicy
8
6
8
10
15
9
17
10
11
47
(61.53)(33.33) (38.09) (62.5) (57.69) (60) (43.58) (55.55) (50) (50)
Lack of Freshness
4
7
6
7
18
8
17
8
9
42
(30.76)(38.88) (28.57) (43.75) (69.23)(53.33) (43.58) (44.44) (40.90)(44.68)
Lack of sitting Arrangement
6
9
6
9
8
8
14
7
9
38
(46.15) (50) (28.57) (56.25) (30.76)(53.33) (35.89) (38.88) (40.90)(40.42)
N
13
18
21
16
26
15
39
18
22
94
Sanitation
Less Number of Toilets
8
8
9
9
23
9
20
13
15
57
(57.14)(42.10) (39.13) (56.25) (82.14)(56.25) (48.78) (65) (65.21) (57)
Lack of Cleanliness
11
17
18
14
15
14
32
12
17
75
(78.57)(89.47) (78.26) (87.5) (53.57) (87.5) (78.04) (60) (73.91) (75)
Lack of Water
6
9
7
7
6
9
11
6
9
35
(42.85)(47.36) (30.43) (43.75) (21.42)(56.25) (26.82) (30) (39.13) (35)
Overcrowding
8
11
15
6
9
6
25
6
12
49
(57.14)(57.89) (65.21) (37.5) (32.14) (37.5) (60.97) (30) (52.17) (49)
Overcharging by Sweeper
4
7
6
4
5
6
10
3
7
26
(28.57)(36.84) (26.08) (25) (17.85) (37.5) (24.39) (15) (30.43) (26)
Congested Bathrooms
9
10
11
7
13
10
19
8
13
50
(64.28)(52.63) (47.82) (43.75) (46.42) (62.5) (46.34) (40) (56.52) (50)
Less Number of Ladies
5
7
8
3
8
6
11
5
9
31
Bathrooms
(35.71)(36.84) (34.78) (18.75) (28.57) (37.5) (26.82) (25) (39.13) (31)
Improper Lighting
5
4
8
4
10
4
11
6
10
31
(35.71)(21.05) (34.78) (25) (35.71) (25) (26.82) (30) (43.47) (31)
N
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
23
100
Drinking Water
Less Number of Taps
11
19
21
16
24
16
35
19
21
91
(78.57) (100) (91.30) (100) (85.71) (100) (85.36) (95) (91.30) (91)
Lack of Cleanliness
11
12
16
12
17
11
29
12
16
68
(78.57)(63.15) (69.56) (75) (60.71)(68.75) (70.73) (60) (69.56) (68)
Non Availability of Fresh
5
7
9
8
12
10
14
5
12
41
Water
(35.71)(36.84) (39.13) (50) (42.85) (62.5) (34.14) (25) (52.17) (41)
Non-Working Taps
4
10
9
9
10
9
15
5
13
42
(28.57)(52.63) (39.13) (56.25) (35.71)(56.25) (36.58) (25) (56.52) (42)
N
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
23
100
Medical Facility
Non-Availability of
9
4
3
4
12
5
13
5
9
32
Information
(64.28)(21.05) (13.04) (25) (42.85)(31.25) (31.701) (25) (39.13) (32)
Less Number of Doctor
4
2
1
1
2
7
3
10
(28.57)(10.52) (4.34) (6.25) (7.14)
(17.07)
(13.04)(10)
Less Number of Medical Shop
8
7
11
9
10
2
21
7
15 45
(57.14)(36.84) (47.82) (56.25) (35.71) (12.5) (51.21) (35) (65.21)(45)
Less Qualified Doctors
1
2
3
1
5
2
7
(7.14) (10.52)
(18.75) (3.57)
(12.19)
(8.69) (7)
Indifferent Attitude by Medical Staff 1
2
1
3
2
6
3
9
(7.14) (10.52) (4.34) (18.75) (7.14)
(14.63)
(13.04) (9)
Scarcity of Medicines
1
1
1
3
1
6
1
7
(7.14) (5.26) (4.34) (18.75) (3.57)
(14.63)
(4.34) (7)
N
14
19
23
16
28
16
41 20 23 100
Shelter
Less Number of Shelters
11
12
17
16
21
13
27 18 19 77
(78.57)(63.15) (73.91) (100) (75) (81.25) (65.85) (90) (82.60)(77)
Lack of Cleanliness
14
17
22
13
17
13
35 16 19 83
(100) (89.47) (95.65) (81.25) (60.71)(81.25) (85.36) (80) (82.60)(83)
Improper Lighting
9
10
12
10
18
8
25 13 13 59
(64.28)(52.63) (52.17) (62.5) (64.28) (50) (60.97) (65) (56.52)(59)
N
14
19
23
16
28
16
41 20 23 100
Food
In response to a query, 94 respondents who have taken food enroute have highlighted some food related problems. Table 6.18 indicates
that a large number of respondents (92.55%) have complained
regarding high price of food followed by oily and spicy nature of food
(50%) and around 44 per cent of the respondents have highlighted the
problems of lack of freshness and lack of sitting arrangement.
Education-wise, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
educational categories have complained regarding high rate. Further,
55-65 per cent of the respondents (except category E2 and E3) have
faced the problems of oily and spicy nature of food. However, 69.23 per
cent of the respondents from category E5 have reported the problem of
lack of freshness in food. Similarly, 40-60 per cent of the respondents
from categories E1, E2 and E4 have reported lack of sitting arrangement.
Pilgrim-wise the table reveals that a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their categories have highlighted the problems of high
rate and oily and spicy nature of food (except category T2). Further, 3555 per cent of the respondents have faced the problem of lack of
freshness in food and lack of sitting arrangement.
Sanitation
Regarding sanitation, Table 6.18 depicts that 75 per cent of the
respondents have complained regarding lack of cleanliness in toilets
followed by less number of toilets (57%), congested bathrooms (50%).
Further, 49 per cent of the respondents have highlighted the problem of
overcrowding followed by scarcity of medicines (35%), less number of
ladies’ bathrooms and improper lighting (31% each) and overcharging
by sweepers (26%). Education-wise, a large number of respondents
irrespective of their educational categories have reported regarding lack
of cleanliness, overcrowding (except categories E4 & E5), less number of
toilets (except category E2 & E3) and congested bathrooms (except
category E3, E4 & E5). Further, 40-50 per cent of the respondents
(except category E3 and E5) have complained regarding lack of water in
toilets whereas 36.84 per cent of the respondents from category E2 and
around 25 per cent of the respondents from categories E 1, E3 and E4
have reported the problem of overcharging by sweeper. However, 30-40
per cent of the respondents have highlighted the problem of less
number of ladies bathrooms (except categories E4 & E5) and improper
lighting (except category E2 and E4). Pilgrim-wise, the table reveals that
a majority of the respondents irrespective of their category have
highlighted the problem of lack of cleanliness in toilets, less number of
toilets (except category T2), overcrowding (except categories T1 and T3),
congested bathrooms (except category T2 & T3) and scarcity of water
(except categories T2, T3 and T4). Further, 25-45 per cent of the
respondents have faced the problem of less number of ladies’
bathrooms, improper lighting and overcharging by sweepers (except
categories T2 & T3),
Drinking Water Problem
All the respondents who have visited Mata Vaishno Devi have
highlighted some problems regarding drinking water en-route as shown
in Table 6.18. The table depicts that majority of the respondents have
complained regarding less number of taps (91%) and lack of cleanliness
near taps (68%). Around 40 per cent of the respondents have
complained regarding non-availability of fresh water (41%) and nonworking
taps
(42%).
Education-wise
most
of
the
respondents
irrespective of their educational categories have faced the problems
regarding less number of taps and lack of cleanliness near taps.
Further, 30-60 per cent of the respondents have complained regarding
problem of non-working taps and non-availability of fresh water.
Pilgrim-wise the table reveals that a vast majority of respondents have
complained regarding less number of taps, lack of cleanliness near taps,
non-availability of fresh water and non working taps (except categories
T2 & T3).
Medical Facility
All the respondents who have visited Mata Vaishno Devi have
highlighted some problems regarding medical facilities en-route as
shown in Table 6.18. The table reveals that the respondents have
highlighted the problems of non-availability of information (32%) and
less number of medical shops (45%). Further, around 10 per cent of the
respondents have pointed out the problems of less number of doctors,
less qualified doctors, indifferent attitude of medical staff and scarcity of
medicines. Education-wise, 35-65 per cent of the respondents have
reported the problems of non-availability of information and less
number of medical shops. Further almost 19 per cent of the
respondents from category E4 have faced the problems of less qualified
doctors, indifferent attitude of medical staff and scarcity of medicines
whereas 28.57 per cent of the respondents have highlighted the
problem of less number of doctors. Pilgrim-wise, the table reveals that
65.21 per cent of the respondents from categories T4 followed by
category T2 (51.21%) have complained regarding less number of medical
shops. Further, 30-40 per cent of the respondents (except categories T3)
have reported the problems of non-availability of information. However,
10-20 per cent of the respondents have highlighted the problems of less
number of doctors, indifferent attitude of medical staff, scarcity of
medicines and less qualified doctors (except categories T4).
Shelters
Respondents visiting Mata Vaishno Devi have highlighted some
problems regarding shelter en-route as shown in Table 6.18. The table
reveals that the majority of the respondents have pointed out the
problems of lack of cleanliness (83%), less number of shelters (77%) and
improper lighting (59%). Education-wise the table indicates that a vast
majority of respondents irrespective of their educational categories have
reported the problem of lack of cleanliness, less number of shelters and
improper lighting. Pilgrim-wise the table shows that a vast majority of
respondents irrespective of their categories have faced the problem of
lack of cleanliness, less number of shelters and improper lighting.
Problems Faced by Respondents at Bhawan
After having bath in ice-cold water at Mata Vaishno Devi people
queue for the darshan at the cave site. Arrangements have been made
here for the stay of around 10000 pilgrims by the Shrine Board. Many
people like to stay at night at these accommodations. They can have
blankets (free of cost) from places meant for the purpose against some
refundable securities. Food shops are around 1 Km. away from the
shrine to keep the place clean. Due to high altitude some pilgrims face
breathing problems here.
Table-6.19
Problems Faced by the Respondents at Bhawan
(Education-Wise/Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Problems
Accommodation
Non-Availability
Educational Categories
Pilgrims Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
6
9
6
6
11
10
5
13
10
38
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
Lack of Cleanliness
6
4
5
4
7
7
5
8
6
26
(100) (44.44) (83.33) (66.67) (63.63) (70) (100) (61.54) (60) (68.42)
Problem in Room Reservation
3
3
3
6
11
5
4
8
9
26
(50) (33.33) (50) (100) (100) (50) (80) (61.54) (90) (68.42)
6
9
6
6
11
10
5
13
10
N
38
Food
High Rate
13
15
22
15
19
13
37
13
21
84
(100) (100) (100) (100) (67.85)(92.85) (100) (65) (95.45)(90.32)
Oily and Spicy
5
3
4
5
9
4
12
7
3
26
(38.46) (20) (18.18) (33.33) (32.14)(28.57) (32.43) (35) (13.63)(27.95)
Lack of Freshness
3
6
3
4
4
2
8
6
4
20
(23.07) (40) (13.63) (26.66) (14.28)(14.28) (21.62) (30) (18.18)(21.50)
Lack of Sitting Arrangement
9
13
17
14
10
11
31
5
16
63
(69.23)(86.66) (77.27) (93.33) (35.71)(78.57) (83.78) (25) (72.72)(67.74)
13
15
22
15
28
14
37
20
22
N
93
Sanitation
Less Number of Toilets
8
10
10
9
20
11
17
16
13
57
(57.14)(52.63) (43.47) (56.25) (71.42)(68.75) (41.46) (80) (56.52) (57)
Lack of Cleanliness
8
12
20
10
19
13
31
7
18
69
(57.14)(63.15) (86.95) (62.5) (67.85)(81.25) (75.60) (35) (78.26) (69)
Overcharging by Sweeper
1
3
4
4
8
1
9
1
9
20
(7.14) (15.78) (17.39) (25) (28.57) (6.25) (21.95) (5) (39.13) (20)
Congested Bathrooms
8
13
18
9
10
13
24
8
13
58
(57.14)(68.42) (78.26) (56.25) (35.71)(81.25) (58.53) (40) (56.52) (58)
Less Number of Ladies
2
10
6
6
9
5
14
4
10
33
Bathrooms
(14.28)(52.63) (26.08) (37.5) (32.14)(31.25) (34.14) (20) (43.47) (33)
Improper Lighting
3
7
8
6
7
5
15
2
9
31
(21.42)(36.84) (34.78) (37.5) (25) (31.25) (36.58) (10) (39.13) (31)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
23
N
100
Drinking Water
Less Number of Taps
13
15
19
15
24
13
34
17
22
86
(92.85)(78.94) (82.60) (93.75) (85.71)(81.25) (82.92) (85) (95.65) (86)
Lack of Cleanliness
5
11
10
11
11
10
17
6
15
48
(35.71)(57.89) (43.47) (68.75) (39.28) (62.5) (41.46) (30) (65.21) (48)
Non-Availability of Fresh
2
2
1
5
3
7
3
3
13
Water
(14.28)(10.52) (4.34) (31.25) (10.71)
(17.07) (15) (13.04) (13)
Non-Working Taps
N
Medical Facility
Non-Availability of Information
2
1
1
6
5
2
6
2
5
15
(14.28) (5.26) (4.34) (37.5) (17.85) (12.5) (14.63) (10)(21.73) (15)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41 20 23 100
6
6
9
10
11
7
18
3
14 42
(42.85) (31.57) (39.13) (62.5) (39.28) (43.75) (43.90) (15)(60.86) (42)
Less Number of Doctors
1
1
1
2
2
5
2
7
(7.14) (5.26) (4.34) (12.5) (7.14)
(12.19)
(8.69) (7)
Less Number of Medical Shops 2
3
5
6
3
1
9
9
19
(14.28) (15.78) (21.73) (37.5) (10.71) (6.25) (21.95)
(39.13) (19)
Less Qualified Doctors
1
1
4
3
5
1
3
9
(7.14) (5.26)
(25) (10.71)
(12.19) (5) (13.04) (9)
Not Attend Properly
1
1
1
3
2
6
2
8
(7.14) (5.26) (4.34) (18.75) (7.14)
(14.63)
(8.69) (8)
Scarcity of Medicines
1
1
1
3
1
6
1
7
(7.14) (5.26) (4.34) (18.75) (3.57)
(14.63)
(4.34) (7)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41 20 23 100
N
Accommodation
After a tiring journey many pilgrims like to rest at places of the
Shrine Board at Mata Vaishno Devi. Though there is arrangement of
stay for around 10000 pilgrims but sometimes people are seen lying on
roadside due to overcrowding. 38 respondents who have stayed at
Bhawan have mentioned some problems regarding accommodation as
shown in Table 6.19. The table reveals that all the respondents have
faced the problems of non-availability of accommodation. Further an
equal number of the respondents (68.42%) have highlighted the
problems of lack of cleanliness and problem in reservation. Educationwise a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their educational
categories have faced the
problems
of non-availability, lack
of
cleanliness (except category E2) and problems in room reservation
(except category E2). Pilgrim-wise the table indicates that a vast majority
of respondents irrespective of their pilgrim categories have faced the
problems of non-availability, lack of cleanliness and problem in room
reservation.
Food
In response to a query, 93 respondents who have taken food at
Bhawan have highlighted some food related problems. Table 6.19
indicates that a large number of respondents (90.32%) have faced the
problem of high rates of food followed by lack of sitting arrangement
(67.74%), oily and spicy nature of food (27.95%) and lack of freshness
(21.50%).
Education-wise,
a
vast
majority
of
the
respondents
irrespective of their categories have highlighted the problems of high
rates and lack of sitting arrangement (except category E5). Further, 2040 per cent of the respondents have complained regarding oily and
spicy nature of food (except category E3) and lack of freshness in
food(except categories E3 and E5). Similarly, the table reveals that a vast
majority of respondents irrespective of their categories have quoted the
problems of high rates and lack of sitting arrangement (except category
T3). Further, 25-35 per cent of the respondents have complained
regarding the problems of oily and spicy nature of food (except category
T4) and lack of freshness in food (except categories T1, T2 and T4).
Sanitation
All the respondents who have visited Katra have highlighted some
problems regarding sanitation as shown in Table 6.19. The table depicts
that the majority of the respondents have pointed out the problem of
overcrowding (73%), lack of cleanliness (69%), congested bathrooms
(58%) and less number of toilets (57%). Further, 35 per cent of the
respondents
have
complained
regarding
bathrooms (33%), improper lighting
sweepers
(20%).
Education-wise,
less
number
of
ladies’
(31%) and overcharging by
majority
of
the
respondents
irrespective of their educational categories have highlighted the problem
of lack of cleanliness, congested bathrooms (except category E5) and
less number of toilets (except category E3). Further, 25-55 per cent of
the respondents have complained regarding less number of ladies
bathrooms, improper lighting, (except category E1) and overcharging by
sweepers (except categories E1, E2 and E3). Pilgrim-wise, the table
reveals that the majority of the respondents irrespective of their
category have complained regarding less number of toilets (except
category T2), lack of cleanliness in toilets (except category T3), and
congested bathrooms (except category T3). 25-45 per cent of the
respondents have highlighted the problem of less number of ladies’
bathrooms (except category T3), improper lighting (except category T3)
and overcharging by sweepers (except categories T1, T2 and T3).
Drinking Water Problem
Regarding drinking water, the table shows that 86 per cent of the
respondents have pointed out the problems of less number of taps
followed by lack of cleanliness near taps (48%), non-working taps (15%)
and lack of fresh water (13%). Education-wise 75-95 per cent of the
respondents irrespective of their educational categories have faced the
problem of less number of taps. Further, 68.75 per cent of the
respondents from category E4 followed by category E2 (57.89%) have
highlighted the problem of lack of cleanliness near taps. However, 30-40
per cent of the respondents from category E4 have reported the problem
of lack of fresh water and non-working taps. Pilgrim-wise the table
depicts that a vast majority of the respondents have complained
regarding less number of taps and lack of cleanliness near taps (except
categories T2 and T3). Further, 21.73 per cent of the respondents from
category T4 and 17.07 per cent of the respondents from category T2 have
complained regarding non-working taps and lack of fresh water.
Medical Facility
The table shows that the respondents have complained
regarding the problems of non-availability of information (42%), less
number of medical shops (19%), less qualified doctors (9%), indifferent
attitude of medical staff (8%), less number of doctors (7%), and scarcity
of medicines (7%). Education-wise, the table shows that 62.5 per cent of
the respondents from category E4 and 35-45 per cent of the
respondents from categories E1, E3 and E5 have reported the problem of
non-availability of information. Further, 20-40 per cent of the
respondents from categories E3 and E4 have highlighted the problems of
less number of medical shops and less qualified doctors. Further an
equal number of respondents from category E4 have pointed out the
problems of indifferent attitude of medical staff and scarcity of
medicines. The percentage share of the respondents irrespective of their
educational categories who have complained regarding less number of
doctors is negligible. Pilgrim-wise, the table highlights that 60.86 per
cent of the respondents from category T4 and almost 44 per cent of the
respondents from categories T1 and T2 have complained regarding nonavailability of information. Further, 39.13 per cent of the respondents
from categories T4 have reported the problem regarding less number of
medical shops. Similarly, 10-15 per cent of the respondents from
categories T2 have highlighted the problems of less number of doctors,
less qualified doctors, indifferent attitude of medical staff and scarcity of
medicines.
Respondents’ Opinion Regarding Some Other Factors
Table-6.20 shows the opinion of the respondents regarding some
important aspects regarding pilgrimage to Mata Vaishno Devi.
Table-6.20
Respondents’ Opinion Regarding Some Other Factors while
Visiting Mata Vaishno Devi
(Frequency Distribution)
Other Factors
Agree
Disagree
93
Neither agree
Nor disagree
2
Separate path for pony is essential from
Katra to Bhawan
There is paid arti system at Bhawan
Paid arti system is ethical
Kanchaka system should continue at
Bhawan
Trolley should be introduced to visit
Bhaironath
More facilities must be given to pitthu
Old Guffa route must be re-opened for
pilgrims all the year
Cleanliness of path from Katra to Bhawan is
satisfactory
Safety arrangement should be increased
from Katra to Bhawan
Behaviour of police is not sympathetic
Wish fulfillment is one of the main reasons
behind your visit to Vaishno Devi
Registration slip arrangements at Katra is
satisfactory
Food facility should be nearer to Bhawan
Blankets are not easily available at Bhawan
Security charges for blankets are reasonable
Blankets at Bhawan are clean
Behaviour of security personnel is not
sympathetic
There is need for professional guide to visit
Vaishno Devi
There must be arrangement of hot water for
bath at Bhawan
18
14
37
5
39
28
77
47
55
62
32
6
62
67
22
12
16
21
59
9
32
69
12
19
28
26
29
20
43
54
57
12
31
60
37
29
62
61
29
17
17
11
23
11
46
54
27
16
68
19
13
68
2
30
5
The table reveals that majority of the respondents have expressed
their agreement regarding statements ‘Separate path for pony is
essential from Katra to Bhawan’ (93%), ‘Safety arrangement should be
increased from Katra to Bhawan’ (69%), and ‘There is need for
professional guide to visit Mata Vaishno Devi’(68%). 68 per cent of the
respondents
have
agreed
with
the
statement
‘There
must
be
arrangement of hot water for bath at Bhawan’(68%). It is followed by the
respondents who have disagreed (30%) and neither agreed nor
disagreed (2%) with the statement. Further, 67 per cent of the
respondents have agreed with the statements ‘Old Guffa route must be
re-opened for pilgrims all the year’ (67%). An equal number of the
respondents (62%) have agreed with the statements, ‘Trolley should be
introduced to visit Bhaironath’, ‘More facilities must be given to pitthu’,
and ‘Blankets at Bhawan are clean’. Others have either disagreed or are
indifferent. 61 per cent of the respondents have agreed with the
statement ‘Behaviour of security personnel is not sympathetic’. It is
followed by the respondents who are indifferent (23%) and have
disagreed (16%). 60 per cent of the respondents have agreed with the
statement ‘Food facility should be nearer to Bhawan’. The remaining
respondents have either disagreed or are indifferent. 59 per cent of the
respondents have agreed with the statement ‘Cleanliness of path from
Katra to Bhawan is satisfacotry’. Similarly, 57 per cent of the
respondents agreed with the statement, ‘Registration slip arrangement
at Katra is satisfacotry’. Majority of the respondents are not aware
about paid arti system at Bhawan and they are disagreed with the
statement
‘Kanchaka system should continue at Bhawan’. Further, an
equal number of the respondents (54%) have disagreed with the
statements ‘Security charges for blankets are reasonable’ and ‘Wish
fulfillment is one of the main reasons behind their visit to Mata Vaishno
Devi’. Others have either agreed or are indifferent. 47 per cent of the
respondents have disagreed with the statement ‘Paid arti system is
ethical’. However, 39 per cent of the respondents are indifferent and 14
per cent of the respondents have agreed with this statement. 46 per
cent of the respondents have disagreed with the statement ‘Blankets are
not easily available at Bhawan’. It is followed by the respondents who
are agreed (37%) and indifferent (17%). Similarly, 43 per cent of the
respondents have disagreed with the statement ‘The behaviour of police
is not sympathetic’ which is followed by the respondents who are
indifferent (29%) and have agreed (28%).
Average weighted score have been calculated with respect to the
above responses for different categories of pilgrims by assigning weight
as 3, 2, 1 to agree, neither agree nor disagree and disagree respectively
and these have been given in Table 6.21.
Table-6.21
Respondents’ Opinion Regarding Some Other Factors While
Visiting Mata Vaishno Devi
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Average Weighted Score )
Other Factors
Educational
Pilgrim
Average
Categories
Categories
Weighted
E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 T1 T2 T3 T4 Score
Separate path for pony is essential from Katra to 2.78 2.79 2.83 3 2.96 2.87 2.80 2.95 2.91 2.88
Bhawan
1.21 1.42 1.65 1.06 1.5 1.18 1.63 1.2 1.35 1.41
There is paid arti system at Bhawan
1.78 1.89 1.91 1.44 1.39 1.5 1.95 1.45 1.48 1.67
Paid arti system is ethical
2.28 2.63 2.17 1.94 1.39 1.25 2.34 1.65 1.87 2.22
Kanchaka system should continue at Bhawan
Trolley should be introduced to visit Bhaironath 2.36 2.63 2.17 2.69 2.79 2.69 2.39 2.75 2.61 2.56
2 2.32 2.35 2.56 2.82 2.63 2.37 2.65 2.61 2.46
More facilities must be given to pitthu
Old Guffa route must be re-opened for pilgrims 2.5 2.26 2.35 2.38 2.75 2.63 2.24 1 2.52 2.46
all the year
1.93 2.05 2.35 2.44 2.79 2.25 2.08 2.6 2.30 2.27
Cleanliness of path from Katra to Bhawan is
satisfactory
2.64 2.84 2.48 2.31 2.68 2.63 2.41 2.65 2.43 2.50
Safety arrangement should be increased from
Katra to Bhawan
1.78 2.16 1.96 1.75 1.71 2.25 1.78 1.85 1.87 1.85
Behaviour of police is not sympathetic
2.07 2 1.83 1.56 1.36 1.81 1.83 1.6 1.56 1.72
Wish fulfillment is one of the main reasons
behind your visit to Vaishno Devi
2.21 2.26 2.30 2.63 2.25 2.31 2.19 2.4 1.78 2.26
Registration slip arrangements at Katra is
satisfactory
2.07 2.26 2.52 2.56 2.79 2.56 2.29 2.4 2.87 2.49
Food facility should be nearer to Bhawan
1.57 2 2.22 1.81 1.82 1.69 2 1.8 2
1.91
Blankets are not easily available at Bhawan
1.93 2.16 1.83 1.63 1.39 1.81 1.90 1.35 1.78 1.75
Security charges for blankets are reasonable
2.36 2.21 2.09 2.56 2.54 2.31 2.34 2.45 2.30 2.35
Blankets at Bhawan are clean
2.14 2.21 2.35 2.56 2.79 2.75 2.51 2.5 2.61 2.45
Behaviour of security personnel is not
sympathetic
2.28 2.53 2.30 2.5 2.93 2.56 2.41 2.55 2.78 2.55
There is need for professional guide to visit
Vaishno Devi
2.43 2.05 2.17 2.44 2.71 2.25 2.32 2.7 2.22 2.38
There must be arrangement of hot water for
bath at Bhawan
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for educational categories= .709, Chi-square value=
63.847, d. f. =18, Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for pilgrim categories= .813, Chi-square value=
58.502, d. f. =18, Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Table 6.21 shows that respondents belonging to all the categories
have shown their agreement (average weighted score being 2.3 or above)
with respect to the statements ‘Separate path for pony is essential from
Katra to Bhawan’ (AWS=2.88), ‘Trolley should be introduced to visit
Bhaironath’
(AWS=2.56),
‘More
facilities
must
be
given
to
pitthu’(AWS=2.46), ‘Old Guffa route must be re-opened for pilgrims all
the year’ (AWS=2.46), ‘Safety arrangement should be increased from
Katra
to
Bhawan
’(2.50),
‘Food
facility
should
be
nearer
to
Bhawan’(AWS=2.49), ‘Blankets at Bhawan are clean ’(AWS=2.35),
‘Behaviour of security personnel is not sympathetic’(AWS=2.45), ‘There
is need for professional guide to visit Vaishno Devi’(AWS=2.55), and
‘There must be arrangement of hot water for bath at Bhawan’
(AWS=2.38).
Further, respondents are indifferent about statements
‘Kanchaka system should continue at Bhawan’(AWS=2.22), ‘Cleanliness
of path from Katra to Bhawan is satisfactory ’(AWS=2.27), ‘Behaviour of
police is not sympathetic’(AWS=1.85), ‘Wish fulfillment is one of the
main
reasons
behind
your
visit
to
Vaishno
Devi’(AWS=1.72),
‘Registration slip arrangements at Katra is satisfactory’(AWS=2.26),
‘Blankets are not easily available at Bhawan’(AWS=1.91) and ‘Security
charges for blankets are reasonable (AWS=1.75). The respondents are
not aware about paid arti system at Bhawan’(AWS=1.41) and have
disagreed
with
ethical’(AWS=1.67).
the
statement
Education-wise,
that
most
paid
arti
system
is
of
the
respondents
irrespective of their educational category have agreed with the
statements ‘Separate path for pony is essential from Katra to Bhawan’,
‘Trolley should be introduced to visit Bhaironath(except category E3)’,
‘More facilities must be given to pitthu?’(except category E1), ‘Old Guffa
route must be re-opened for pilgrims’(except category E2), ‘Safety
arrangement should be increased from Katra to Bhawan’, Food facility
should be nearer to Bhawan (except E1 and E2), ‘Blankets at Bhawan
are clean’(except categories E2 &E3), ‘Behaviour of security personnel is
not sympathetic’(except categories E1&E2), ‘There is need of professional
guide to visit Vaishno Devi’(except category E1), and ‘There must be
arrangement of hot water for bath at Bhawan’ (except categories E2
&E3). Further, respondents are indifferent about statements ‘Kanchaka
system should continue at Bhawan’(except categories E2 & E3),
‘Cleanliness of path from Katra to Bhawan is satisfactory’(except
categories E3, E4 and E5), ‘Behaviour of police is not sympathetic’, ‘Wish
fulfillment is one of the main reasons behind your visit to Vaishno
Devi’(except categories E4&E5), ‘Registration slip arrangements at Katra
is satisfactory’(except category E4), ‘Blankets are not easily available at
Bhawan’(except category E1) and ‘Security charges for blankets are
reasonable’(except category E5). The respondents are not aware about
paid arti system at Bhawan’ and they have disagreed with the statement
‘Paid arti system is ethical’ (except categories E1, E2 and E5). The
Kendall’s
Co-efficient
of
Concordance
reveals
that
significant
concurrence of rankings (W= .709) exist among the respondents
belonging to different educational categories with respect to above
mentioned problems.
Pilgrim-wise the table reveals that respondents belonging to all
the categories have shown their agreement (average weighted score
being 2.3 or above) with respect to the statements ‘Separate path for
pony is essential from Katra to Bhawan’, ‘Trolley should be introduced
to visit Bhaironath’, ‘More facilities must be given to pitthu’, ‘Old Guffa
route must be re-opened for pilgrims’(except category T2 & T3), ‘Safety
arrangement should be increased from Katra to Bhawan’, ‘Food facility
should be nearer to Bhawan’(except category T2), ‘Blankets at Bhawan
are clean’, ‘Behaviour of security personnel is not sympathetic’, ‘There is
need for professional guide to visit Vaishno Devi’, and ‘There must be
arrangement of hot water for bath at Bhawan’ (except category T1 & T4).
Further, respondents are indifferent about statements ‘Kanchaka
system
should
continue
at
Bhawan’(except
category
T1
&
T2),
‘Cleanliness of path from Katra to Bhawan is satisfactory’(except
category T3), ‘Behaviour of police is not sympathetic’, ‘Wish fulfillment
one of the main reasons behind your visit to Vaishno Devi’(except
categories T3 & T4), ‘Registration slip arrangement at Katra is
satisfactory’(except categories T1 & T3), ‘Blankets are not easily available
at Bhawan’(except category T1) and ‘Security charges for blankets are
reasonable’(except category T3). The respondents have shown their
unawareness regarding ‘Paid arti system at Bhawan’ and they have
disagreed with the statement ‘Paid arti system is ethical (except
category T2)’. The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance reveals that
significant concurrence of rankings (W= .813) exist among the
respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to
above mentioned problems.
Visiting Behaviour for Bhaironath
During the war between Maha Kali and Bhaironath, Mata
Mahakali cut off Bhaironaths’ head. The place where his head fell has a
temple known as Temple of Bhaironath. It is believed that after darshan
of Mata Vaishno Devi, it is essential to go to Bhaironath Temple
otherwise yatra to Mata Vaishno Devi is not complete. To know whether
the respondents have visited Bhaironath or not, they were asked for the
same. Education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of the respondents in
this regard have been presented in Tables-6.22.
Table-6.22
Visiting Behaviour of the Respondents Regarding Bhaironath
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Visit Bhaironath
Always
Sometime
Never
N
Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
12
15
14
7
13
(85.71)(78.94) (60.86) (43.75) (46.42)
2
4
8
9
14
(14.28)(21.05) (34.78) (56.25) (50)
1
1
(4.34)
(3.57)
14
19
23
16
28
Pilgrim Categories
Total
T1
T2
T3
T4
12
26
15
8
61
(75) (63.41) (75) (34.75) (61)
4
15
5
13
37
(25) (36.58) (25) (56.52) (37)
2
2
(8.69) (2)
16
41
20
23
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 12.289, d.f. = 8, Not-significant at 5 per cent
level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 14.255, d.f. = 6, Significant at 5 per cent level
of significance
Table-6.22 reveals that a vast majority of respondents (61%) have
always visited Bhaironath. Further, 37 per cent of the respondents have
visited sometimes followed by those who have never visited (2%).
Education-wise, the table
depicts that a
vast majority
of the
respondents (except categories E4 and E5) irrespective of their
educational category have always visited Bhaironath. Further, 56.25
per cent of the respondents from category E4 followed by category E5
(50%) have visited sometime. However, the percentage share of the
respondents who have never visited Bhaironath is negligible. The Chisquare value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents
belonging
to
different
educational categories with respect to their visit to Bhaironath. Pilgrimwise, the table highlights that an equal number of respondents (75%)
from categories T1 and T3 followed by category T2 (63.41%) have always
visited Bhaironath. Further, 56.52 per cent of the respondents from
category T4 have visited sometimes whereas the percentage share of the
respondents who have never visited Bhaironath is negligible. The Chisquare value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to the different
pilgrim categories with respect to their visit to Bhaironath.
Further, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
category are satisfied with their visit to Bhaironath. Similarly, in
response to another query all the respondents have quoted that they
have not faced any theft incident en-route and at the Bhawan. However,
20 per cent of the respondents irrespective of their educational and
pilgrim category have stated that they have faced theft incident at
Katra.
Selection of Path from Katra to Bhawan
Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine Board has a plan to construct trolley
path from Katra to Bhawan. To know the responses of the respondents
regarding their likely preference of the path, they were asked about the
same.
The
education-wise
and
pilgrim-wise
responses
of
the
respondents have been presented in Table-6.23.
Table-6.23
Preference of Path by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Selection of Path
Traditional Path
Trolley Path
Depend on Situation
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
7
9
8
3
8
8
16
6
5
35
(50) (47.36) (34.78) (18.75) (28.57) (50) (39.02) (30) (21.73) (35)
2
5
4
5
7
4
2
9
8
23
(14.28)(26.31) (17.39) (31.25) (25)
(25) (4.87) (45) (34.78) (23)
5
5
11
8
13
4
23
5
10
42
(35.71)(26.31) (47.82) (50) (46.42) (25) (56.09) (25) (43.47) (42)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
23
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 6.463, d.f. = 8, Not-significant at 5 per cent
level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 18.424, d.f. = 6, Significant at 5 per cent level
of significance
Table-6.23 highlights that a large number of respondents feel
that their decision about selection of path will depend upon the
situation (42%) followed by those who are likely to select traditional
path (35%) and trolley path (23%). Education-wise, the table indicates
that 25-50 per cent of the respondents are likely to decide depend upon
the situation. Further, 30-50 per cent of the respondents are likely to
choose traditional path (except category E4) and 25-35 per cent of the
respondents are likely to choose trolley path (except categories E1 and
E3). The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that
no significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to the
different educational categories with respect to selection of path.
Pilgrim-wise, the table reveals that 25-60 per cent of the respondents
decisions about selection of path is likely to depend on the situation.
Similarly, 25-50 per cent of the respondents have selected traditional
path (except category T4) and trolley path (except category T2). The Chisquare value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to the different
pilgrim categories with respect to the selection of path.
Further, mainly three mode of transportation, Pithu, Pony and
Palki are there while visiting from Katra to Bhawan. In response to a
query, a large number of respondents have availed Pony (26%) followed
by Palki (8%) and Pitthu (4%). The main purpose of hiring Pony has
been to carry people. However, the main purpose of Pitthu has been to
carry luggage or kids whereas palki is hired generally for by old people.
In a query it has been evident that the majority of the respondents have
paid standard rates for pony, palki and pitthu. But about the
reasonableness of amount paid to the pony and pitthu owner, they have
not provided any clear view. However, the majority of the respondents
have opined
that the amount paid to
palki owner has been
unreasonable. Further, 80-100 per cent of the respondents have given
bakshish to pony and palki owner. Regarding satisfaction level large
number of respondents are either dis-satisfied or indifferent about
service provided by pittu, palki and pony.
Respondents View on Darshan Time
Due to the large number of devotees, only few seconds are
available for darshan at the holy cave shrine. In a query in this regard a
vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their category have
revealed that they got less than one minute for darshan. They were
further asked for reasonableness of time, the education-wise and
pilgrim-wise responses of the respondents in this regard have been
presented in Table 6.24.
Table-6.24 indicates that 41 per cent of the respondents have
stated that time for darshan is not reasonable followed by pilgrims
(36%) who consider it reasonable, and 23 per cent of the pilgrims are
not sure in this regard. Education-wise, the table reveals that 62.5 per
cent of the respondents from category E4 and almost 42 per cent of the
respondents from categories E2 and E3 have opined that darshan time is
reasonable. Further 40-60 per cent of the respondents have stated that
darshan time is not reasonable (except category E4). Similarly around
40 per cent of the respondents from categories E4 and E5 are not sure
about darshan time. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance
shows
that
significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents belonging to the different educational categories with
respect to their view on reasonableness of darshan time.
Table-6.24
Respondents’ Opinion on Reasonableness of Time
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Reasonableness
of Time
Yes
No
Not Sure
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
3
8
10
10
5
6
15
3
12
36
(21.42) (42.10)(43.47) (62.5) (17.85) (37.5)(36.58) (15) (52.17) (36)
8
10
11
12
6
21
8
6
41
(57.14) (52.63)(47.82)
(42.85) (37.5)(51.21) (40) (26.08) (41)
3
1
2
6
11
4
5
9
5
23
(21.42) (5.26) (8.69) (37.5) (39.28) (25) (12.19) (45) (21.73) (23)
14
19
23
16
28
16
41
20
23
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 24.774, d.f. = 8, Significant at 5 per cent
level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 12.81, d.f. = 6, Significant at 5 per cent level
of significance
Pilgrim-wise, the table depicts that 52.17 per cent of the
respondents from category T4 think that darshan time is reasonable.
Further, 51.21 per cent of the respondents from category T2 and around
40 per cent of the respondents from categories T1 and T3 have opined
that darshan time is not reasonable whereas 45 per cent of the
respondents from category T3 are not sure in this regard. The Chisquare value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that significant
opinion differences exist among the respondents belonging to different
pilgrim categories with respect to their views on reasonableness of
darshan time.
Further, in response to a query a large number of respondents
irrespective of their category are either indifferent or satisfied with
attitude of the local people. Similarly, in response to another query, a
large number of respondents irrespective of their category are either
indifferent or satisfied regarding internet as a good source of
information about Mata Vaishno Devi. However, regarding overall
experience at Mata Vaishno Devi the majority of the respondents have
shown their satisfaction.
Section-2
Mata Chintpurni Devi Temple is situated in Una district of
Himachal Pradesh. This place is among one of the popular Shakti Piths
situated
in
India
and
Mata
Chintpurni
Devi
also
known
as
Chinnmastika Devi is the main diety here. Similarly, Jwalamukhi
Temple is situated in district Kangra of Himachal Pradesh. This is the
place where the tongue of Mata Sati fell and is among one of the most
popular Shakti Piths in India. The distance between Chintpurni Devi
Temple and Jwalamukhi Temple is just 25-30 km. A large number of
devotees visit these places to pay homage. In this section an attempt
has been made to know the awareness of pilgrims regarding important
places in and around Jwalaji and Chintpurni, their behaviour during
visit to Jwalaji and Chintpurni and problems faced by them in these
pilgrimage centres.
Education-Wise and Type of Pilgrim-Wise Distribution
Table-6.25 depicts education-wise and pilgrim-wise distribution
of the respondents. Education-wise, the table-6.25 shows that 29 per
cent of the respondents surveyed belong to category E3 followed by
categories E2 (25%), E5 (17%), E4 (15%) and E1 (14%). Pilgrim-wise, 41
per cent of the respondents belong to category T2 that is Family group.
It is followed by categories T1 and T4 (21% each), and T3 (17%).
Table-6.25
Education-Wise/ Pilgrim-Wise Distribution of the Respondents
Pilgrim
Educational Categories
Total
Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
3
6
6
5
1
21
T1
(3)
(6)
(6)
(5)
(1)
(21)
6
11
14
6
4
41
T2
(6)
(11)
(14)
(6)
(4)
(41)
1
2
2
2
10
17
T3
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(17)
4
6
7
2
2
21
T4
(4)
(6)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(21)
14
25
29
15
17
100
N
N represents total number of the respondents surveyed.
Figures in parenthesis in this table and tables to follow represent
percentages.
Purpose of Visit
In response to a query with regard to purpose of visit, the
respondents have cited pilgrimage as the main purpose of their visit
followed by those who have come here for rituals (46%). However, 5 per
cent of the respondents have come here for visiting their friends.
Awareness and Places Visited In and Around Chintpurni and
Jwalaji
There are large numbers of places of tourist interest within
Chintpurni and Jwalaji and around Chintpurni and Jwalaji. Thus the
respondents were asked to state whether they were aware of the listed
destinations in Chintpurni/Jwalaji or not. Further, to compare the
awareness level, the respondents aware about the destination were
given score one and those who were unaware were given score zero.
Thus, the total score of the respondents were summed up categorywise. To get the average mean awareness, the category-wise total score
so scored was divided by total number of respondents and total number
of destinations. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of the
respondents have been shown in Table-6.26 and 6.27.
Table-6.26
Awareness of Places Around Chintpurni and Jwalaji
(Education -Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Awareness About Places
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
(Around Chintpurni/Jwalaji) E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
14
25
28
14
17
20
40
17
21
98
Chamunda Devi
(100) (100) (96.55) (93.33) (100) (95.23) (97.56) (100) (100) (98)
5
7
6
3
4
6
11
1
7
25
Asthbhuja Temple
(35.71) (28) (20.68) (20) (23.52) (28.57) (26.82) (5.88) (33.33) (25)
3
3
6
1
3
3
7
1
5
16
Chaumukha Temple
(21.42) (12) (20.68) (6.66) (17.64) (14.28) (17.07) (5.88) (23.80) (16)
11
14
16
5
7
14
20
7
12
53
Raghunath Temple
(78.57) (56) (55.17) (33.33)(41.17) (66.66) (48.78) (41.17)(57.14) (53)
12
18
26
11
14
18
35
12
16
81
Baijnath
(85.71) (72) (89.65) (73.33)(82.35) (85.71) (85.36) (70.58)(76.19) (81)
7
9
12
4
4
9
12
5
10
36
Nagini Mata Temple
(50) (36) (41.37) (26.66)(23.52) (42.85) (29.26) (29.41)(47.61) (36)
6
10
12
4
9
8
16
6
11
41
Baglamata Temple
(42.85) (40) (41.37) (26.66)(52.94) (38.09) (39.02) (35.29)(52.38) (41)
14
25
29
15
17
21
41
17
21
100
Dharamsala
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
13
21
29
15
17
21
39
16
19
95
Macleodganj
(92.85) (84) (100) (100) (100) (100) (95.12) (94.11)(90.47) (95)
13
23
27
15
16
21
38
15
20
94
Baba Balak Nath
(92.85) (92) (93.10) (100) (94.11) (100) (92.68) (88.23)(95.23) (94)
12
22
27
14
16
20
37
16
18
91
Brijeshwari Devi
(85.71) (88) (93.10) (93.33)(94.11) (95.23) (90.24) (94.11)(85.71) (91)
14
25
29
15
17
21
41
17
21
100
N
0.71 0.64 0.68 0.61 0.66 0.69 0.65 0.60 0.69 0.66
Average Weighted Score
Table 6.26 depicts that all the respondents are aware about
Dharamsala. Further, 98 per cent of the respondents are aware about
Chamunda Devi followed by Macleodganj (95%), Baba Balak Nath
(94%), Brijeshwari Devi (91%), Baijnath (81%), Raghunath Temple
(53%), Baglamata Temple (41%), Nagini Mata Temple (36%), Asthbhuja
Temple (25%) and Chaumukha Temple (16%). Education-wise, the
analysis
reveals
that
all
the
respondents
irrespective
of
their
educational category are aware about Dharamsala. Further, a vast
majority of respondents irrespective of their category are aware about
Chamunda Devi, Baba Balak Nath, Macleodganj, Brijeshwari Devi,
Baijnath and Raghunath Temple (except categories E4 and E5).
Similarly, 35-55 per cent of the respondents are aware about Nagini
Mata Temple (except categories E4 and E5) and Baglamata Temple
(except category E4). However, 15-35 per cent of the respondents are
aware about Chaumukha Temple (except categories E2 and E4) and
Asthbhuja Temple. Category-wise the mean awareness score has been
highest for category E1 (0.71) followed by categories E3 (0.68), E5 (0.66),
E2 (0.64) and E4 (0.61). Pilgrim-wise, the analysis highlights that all the
respondents irrespective of their educational category are aware about
Dharamsala. Further, a vast majority of respondents are aware about
Chamunda Devi, Baba Balak Nath, Macleodganj, Brijeshwari Devi,
Raghunath Temple (except categories T2 and T3) and Baijnath.
Similarly, 25-55 per cent of the respondents are aware about Nagini
Mata Temple and Baglamata Temple. 5-35 per cent of the respondents
are aware about Asthbhuja Temple and Chaumukha Temple. Categorywise the mean awareness score has been highest for category T1 andT4
(0.69 each) followed by categories T2 (0.65) and T3 (0.60).
To know the places visited by the respondents in and around
Chintpurni and Jwalaji, the respondents were asked for the same. The
responses of the respondents in this regard have been given in Table
6.27.
Table-6.27
Places Visited by the Respondents Around Chintpurni and Jwalaji
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Places Visited
Chamunda Devi
Asthbhuja Temple
Chaumukha Temple
Raghunath Temple
Baijnath
Nagini Mata Temple
Baglamata Temple
Dharamsala
Macleodganj
Baba Balak Nath
Brijeshwari Devi
N
E1
6
(42.85)
1
(7.14)
2
(14.28)
7
(50)
5
(35.71)
3
(21.42)
3
(21.42)
8
(57.14)
7
(50)
11
(78.57)
10
(71.42)
14
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
10
14
5
7
12
14
7
9
(40) (48.27) (33.33) (41.17) (57.14) (34.14) (41.17) (42.85)
1
2
(3.44)
(9.52)
2
2
3
2
1
(8)
(6.89)
(14.28) (4.87)
(4.76)
10
10
4
4
11
14
4
6
(40) (34.48) (26.66) (23.52) (52.38) (34.14) (23.52) (28.57)
1
5
2
1
2
5
1
6
(4) (17.24) (13.33) (5.88) (9.52) (12.19) (11.76) (28.57)
2
2
2
4
2
3
(8)
(13.33) (11.76)
(9.75) (11.76) (14.28)
4
4
1
5
2
6
4
5
(16) (13.79) (6.66) (29.41) (9.52) (14.63) (23.52) (23.80)
19
23
13
15
19
25
16
18
(76) (79.31) (86.66) (88.23) (90.47) (60.97) (94.11) (85.71)
17
23
13
15
18
26
15
16
(68) (79.31) (86.66) (88.23) (85.71) (63.41) (88.23) (76.19)
18
18
11
14
18
27
11
16
(72) (62.06) (73.33) (82.35) (85.71) (65.85) (64.70) (76.19)
16
19
7
10
14
26
10
12
(64) (65.51) (46.66) (58.82) (66.66) (63.41) (58.82) (57.14)
25
29
15
17
21
41
17
21
Total
42
(42)
2
(2)
6
(6)
35
(35)
14
(14)
9
(9)
17
(17)
78
(78)
75
(75)
72
(72)
62
(62)
100
Table 6.27 highlights that 78 per cent of the respondents have
visited Dharamsala followed by Macleodganj (75%), Baba Balak Nath
(72%), Brijeshwari Devi (62%), Chamunda Devi (42%), Raghunath
Temple (35%), Baglamata Temple (17%), Baijnath (14%), Nagini Mata
Temple (9%), Chaumukha Temple (6%) and Asthbhuja Temple(2%).
Education-wise, the analysis reveals that a vast majority of the
respondents irrespective of their educational category have visited
Chintpurni,
Dharamsala,
Macleodganj,
Baba
balak
Nath,
and
Brijeshwari Devi (except category E4). Further, 20-50 per cent of the
respondents have visited Chamunda Devi and Raghunath Temple
(except categories E4 and E5). 35.71 per cent of the respondents from
category E1 have visited Baijnath whereas 29.41 per cent of the
respondents from category E5 have visited Baglamata Temple. Further,
an equal number of the respondents (21.42%) from category E1 have
visited Nagini Mata Temple and Baglamata Temple. The percentage
share of the respondents who have visited Asthbhuja Temple and
Chaumukha Temple is negligible. Pilgrim-wise, the analysis shows that
a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their category have
visited Dharamsala, Macleodganj, Baba Balak Nath, and Brijeshwari
Devi. Further, 30-60 per cent of the respondents have visited
Chamunda Devi and Raghunath Temple except (categories T3 and T4).
Almost 23 per cent of the respondents from categories T3 and T4 have
visited Bagalamata Temple whereas 28.57 per cent of the respondents
from category T4 have visited Baijnath. The percentage share of the
respondents who have visited Asthbhuja Temple, Chaumukha Temple
and Nagini Mata Temple is negligible.
Frequency of Visit
An attempt has been made to know the number of times a
respondent has visited Chintpurni and Jwalaji. Education-wise and
pilgrim-wise responses of the respondents in this regard have been
given in Table 6.28.
Table 6.28 highlights that 43 per cent of the respondents have
visited Chintpurni and Jwalaji 2-5 times. It is followed by those who
have visited more than 5 times (37%) and once (20%). Education-wise,
the table reveals that 70.58 per cent of the respondents from category
E5 followed by categories E4 (46.66%), E3 (37.93%), E1 (35.71%) and E2
(32%) have visited Chintpurni and Jwalaji ‘2-5 times’. Further 50 per
cent of the respondents from category E1 followed by categories E2
(44%), E3 (34.48%), E4 (33.33%) and E5 (23.52%) have visited more than
5 times. Comparatively, a large number of the respondents from
category E3 (27.58%) followed by categories E2 (24%) and E4 (20%) have
visited this place once. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that no significant behavioural differences exist
among the respondents belonging to different educational categories
with respect to their frequency of visit. Pilgrim-wise, 58.82 per cent of
the respondents from category T3 followed by categories T4 (47.61%), T1
(42.85%) and T2 (34.14%) have visited Chintpurni and Jwalaji ‘2-5
times’. Similarly 47.61 per cent of the respondents from category T1
followed by categories T4 (42.85%), T2 (31.70%) and T3 (29.41%) have
visited more than 5 times. 34.14 per cent of the respondents from
category T2 have visited here once. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent
level of significance shows that no significant differences exist among
the respondents belonging to different categories of pilgrims with
respect to their frequencies of visit.
Table-6.28
Frequency of Visiting Chintpurni and Jwalaji
(Education-W ise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Frequency of
Visit
Once
2-5 Times
More than 5
Times
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
2
6
8
3
1
2
14
2
2
(14.28) (24) (27.58) (20) (5.88) (9.52) (34.14) (11.76) (9.52)
5
8
11
7
12
9
14
10
10
(35.71) (32) (37.93) (46.66) (70.58)(42.85) (34.14) (58.82) (47.61)
7
11
10
5
4
10
13
5
9
(50) (44) (34.48) (33.33) (23.52)(47.61) (31.70) (29.41) (42.85)
14
25
29
15
17
21
41
17
21
Total
20
(20)
43
(43)
37
(37)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories = 8.97, d.f. = 8, Not-significant at 5 per cent
level of sgnificance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim-categories = 10.23, d.f. = 6, Not-significant at 5 per cent level
of significance.
Sources of Information Used by the Respondents
A large number of sources namely religious books, magazines,
television, friends, parents, internet and radio provide information
about Chintpurni and Jwalaji. The education-wise and pilgrims-wise
responses of the respondents regarding the sources of information used
by them have been presented in Table 6.29.
Table-6.29
Sources of Information Used by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Source
Religious Books
Magazines
Television
Friends
Parents
Internet
Radio
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
1
7
8
5
10
6
11
7
7
(7.14) (28) (27.58) (33.33) (58.82) (28.57)(26.82) (41.17) (33.33)
4
4
3
2
2
7
2
2
(16) (13.79) (20) (11.76) (9.52) (17.07) (11.76) (9.52)
4
4
2
2
2
6
2
2
(16) (13.79) (13.33) (11.76) (9.52) (14.63) (11.76) (9.52)
7
8
8
5
9
9
10
7
11
(50) (32) (27.58) (33.33) (52.94) (42.85)(24.39) (41.17) (52.38)
14
25
29
15
17
21
41
17
21
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
2
2
3
4
3
3
3
2
(8) (6.89) (20) (23.52) (14.28) (7.31) (17.64) (9.52)
2
3
2
2
2
4
2
1
(8) (10.34) (13.33) (11.76) (9.52) (9.75) (11.76) (4.76)
14
25
29
15
17
21
41
17
21
Total
31
(31)
13
(13)
12
(12)
37
(37)
100
(100)
11
(11)
9
(9)
100
Table-6.29 highlights that all the respondents have come to know
about Chintpurni and Jwalaji through their parents. It is followed by
those who have got information from their friends (37%), religious books
(31%), magazines (13%), television (12%), internet (11%), radio (9%).
Education-wise, the table reveals that all the respondents irrespective of
their educational category have got information from their parents.
Further, 52.94 per cent of the respondents from categories E5 followed
by category E1 (50%) and 25-35 per cent of the respondents from
categories E2, E3 and E4 have got information from friends. 58.82 per
cent of the respondents from category E5 and around 30 per cent of the
respondents from categories E2, E3 and E4 have got information through
religious books. 10-20 per cent of the respondents have got information
from magazines (except category E1), television (except category E1),
radio (except categories E1 and E2). However, 20-25 per cent of the
respondents from categories E4 and E5 have got information from
internet. Pilgrim-wise, all the respondents irrespective of their category
have got information from their parents. Further, 52.38 per cent of the
respondents from category T4 followed by categories T1 (42.85%) and T3
(41.17%) have got information from friends. 41.17 per cent of the
respondents from category T3 and around 30 per cent of the
respondents from categories T1, T2 and T4 have got information through
religious books. 10-20 per cent of the respondents have got information
from magazines (except categories T1 and T4) and television (except
categories T1 and T4). Further, an equal number of the respondents
(17.64%) from category T3 have got information through internet. Only
11.76 per cent of the respondents from category T3 have got information
through radio.
Transportation Used by the Respondents
Bus, truck, and own vehicles are main source of transportation
to visit Chintpurni and Jwalaji. To know the mode of transportation
used by the respondents, they were asked for the same. Tables 6.30
and 6.31 depicts education-wise and pilgrims-wise responses in this
regard.
Table-6.30
Mode of Transportation Used by the Respondents for Visiting
Chintpurni
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Transport
Used
Bus
Own
Vehicle
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
8
12
18
5
7
8
22
8
12
50
(61.53)(54.54) (69.23) (41.66) (41.17) (40) (62.85) (50) (63.15) (55.55)
5
10
8
7
10
12
13
8
7
40
(38.45)(45.45) (30.76) (58.33) (58.81) (60) (37.13) (50) (36.83) (44.45)
13
22
26
12
17
20
35
16
19
90
Chi-square value for educational categories= 4.52, d.f. = 4,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim category = 3.36, d.f. = 3,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Table-6.30 highlights that 55.55 per cent of the respondents have
visited Chintpurni by bus followed by their own vehicles (44.45%).
Education-wise, the data reveals that the majority of the respondents
from categories E3 (69.23%), E1 (61.53%) and E2 (54.54%) have visited
the place by bus. Further, almost 58 per cent of the respondents from
categories E4 and E5 followed by categories E2 (45.45%), E1 (38.45%) and
E3 (30.76%) have visited Chintpurni by their own vehicles. The Chisquare value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant
behavioural differences exist among the respondents belonging to the
different educational categories with respect to mode of transportation
used for visiting the shrine. Pilgrim-wise, a majority of the respondents
from categories T4 (63.15%), T2 (62.85%) and T3 (50%) have visited
Chintpurni by bus. Further, 30-60 per cent of the respondents
irrespective of their category have visited it by their own vehicles. The
Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no
significant differences exist among the pilgrim categories with respect to
mode of transportation used for visiting Chintpurni.
Table-6.31
Mode of Transportation Used by the Respondents for Visiting
Jwalaji
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Transport
Used
Bus
Own
Vehicle
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
4
6
13
4
6
7
16
7
3
33
(57.14)(54.54) (61.90) (57.14) (46.15)(63.63) (64) (58.33)(27.27) (55.93)
3
5
8
3
7
4
9
5
8
26
(42.85)(45.45) (38.06) (42.85) (53.84)(36.36) (36) (41.66)(72.72) (44.07)
7
11
21
7
13
11
25
12
11
59
Chi-square value for educational categories = 0.825, d.f. = 4,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 4.61, d.f. = 3,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table 6.31 highlights that 55.93 per cent of the respondents have
visited Jwalaji by bus followed by their own vehicles (44.05%).
Education-wise, the data reveals that the majority of the respondents
(except category E5) have visited the place by bus. Further, 35-55 per
cent of the respondents have visited Jwalaji by their own vehicles. The
Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no
significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to the
different educational categories with respect to mode of transportation
used to visit Jwalaji. Pilgrim-wise, the data reveals that the majority of
the respondents (except category T4) have visited the place by bus.
Further, 72.72 per cent of the respondents from category T4 have visited
Jwalaji by their own vehicles. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that no significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to the different Pilgrim categories with respect to
mode of transportation used to visit Jwalaji.
Respondents’ Behaviour Regarding Stay and Accommodation
Preference at Chintpurni and Jwalaji
To know at which place visitors preferred to stay they were asked
for the same. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of the
respondents have been presented in Table 6.32.
Table-6.32
Place Preferred by the Respondents to Stay
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Place Preferred
to Stay
Chintpurni
Jwalaji
Both Places
None
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
5
10
12
9
8
8
16
8
12
(35.71) (40) (41.37) (60) (47.05) (38.09) (39.02) (47.05)(57.14)
2
5
7
4
3
4
11
4
2
(14.28) (20) (24.13) (26.66)(17.64) (19.04) (26.82) (23.52) (9.52)
1
1
5
2
6
4
5
4
2
(7.14) (4) (17.24) (13.33)(35.29) (19.04) (12.19) (23.52) (9.52)
6
9
5
5
9
1
5
(42.85) (36) (17.24)
(23.80) (21.95) (5.88) (23.80)
14
25
29
15
17
21
41
17
21
Total
44
(44)
21
(21)
15
(15)
20
(20)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories = 22.78, d.f. = 12,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 7.09, d.f. = 9,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table-6.32 reveals that 44 per cent of the respondents have
stayed in Chintpurni followed by those who have stayed in Jwalaji
(21%). Further, 20 per cent of the respondents are those who have not
stayed anywhere whereas 15 per cent of the respondents have stayed at
both the places. Education-wise, the table shows that 60 per cent of the
respondents from category E4 followed by categories E5 (47.05%), E3
(41.37%), E2 (40%) and E1 (35.71%) have stayed in Chintpurni. 15-30
per cent of the respondents (except category E1) have stayed in Jwalaji.
42.85 per cent of the respondents from category E1 followed by category
E2 (36%) have not stayed at any of these places. However, 35.29 per
cent of the respondents from category E5 have stayed at both the
places. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows
that significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
the different educational categories with respect to their place of stay.
Pilgrim-wise, 37-57 per cent of the respondents irrespective of their
category have stayed at Chintpurni. 26.82 per cent of the respondents
from category T2 followed by category T3 (23.52%) have stayed at
Jwalaji. Further, 20-25 per cent of the respondents have not stayed at
any of the places. However, 23.52 per cent of the respondents from
category T3 have stayed at both the places. The Chi-square value at 5
per cent level of significance shows that no significant differences exist
among the respondents belonging to the different pilgrim categories
with respect to their place of stay. Further, in response to an other
query, it has been found that a vast majority of the respondents
irrespective of their category have stayed for one day at Chintpurni and
Jwalaji.
To know about respondents’ accommodation preference, reasons
for preference, and overall time period spent from residing place to
Chintpurni and Jwalaji and back, the respondents were asked about it.
The education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of the respondents have
been shown in Tables 6.33, 6.34, and 6.35 respectively.
Table-6.33
Accommodation Preferred at Chintpurni
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Accommodation Preferred
(Chintpurni)
Dharamsala
Budgeted Hotel
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2 T3 T4
3
10
12
3
6
5
13
6
10
34
(50) (90.90) (70.58) (27.27)(42.85) (41.66)(61.90) (50) (71.42) (57.62)
3
1
5
8
8
7
8
6
4
25
(50) (9.09) (29.41) (72.72) (57.14) (58.33)(38.09) (50) (28.57) (42.37)
6
11
17
11
14
12
21 12 14
59
Chi-square value for educational categories= 11.70, d.f. = 4,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 2.78, d.f. = 3,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table-6.33 indicates that majority of the respondents (57.62%)
have stayed in dharamsala followed by those who have stayed in
budgeted hotel (42.37%). Education-wise, the table shows that majority
of the respondents from categories E1 (50%), E2 (90.90%) and E3
(70.58%) have stayed in dharamsala. However, 72.72 per cent of the
respondents from category E4 followed by categories E5 (57.14%), E1
(50%) and E3 (29.41%) have stayed in budgeted hotel. The Chi-square
value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to the different
educational categories with respect to accommodation preference in
Chintpurni.
Pilgrim-wise, a majority of the respondents (except category T1)
irrespective of their category have stayed in dharamsala. However,
58.33 per cent of the respondents from category T1 followed by
categories T3 (50%), T2 (38.09%) and T4 (28.57%) have stayed in
budgeted hotel. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance
shows that significant differences exist among the respondents
belonging to the different categories with respect to accommodation
preference in Chintpurni.
Table-6.34
Accommodation Preferred in Jwalaji
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Accommodation
Preferred
(Jwalaji)
Dharamsala
Budgeted Hotel
N
E1
Educational Categories
E2
E3
E4
E5
Pilgrim Categories
T1
T2 T3
T4
2
2
6
1
4
4
6
3
2
(66.66) (33.33) (50) (16.66) (44.44) (50) (37.5)(37.5) (50)
1
4
6
5
5
4
10
5
2
(33.33) (66.66) (50) (83.33) (55.55) (50) (62.5)(62.5) (50)
3
6
12
6
9
8
16
8
4
Total
15
(41.66)
21
(58.33)
36
Chi-square value for educational categories= 2.85, d.f. = 4,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 0.51, d.f. = 3,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table-6.34 finds that majority of the respondents (58.33%) have
stayed in budgeted hotel followed by those who have stayed in
dharamsala (41.66%). Education-wise, the table shows that majority of
the respondents from categories E2 (66.66%), E3 (50%), E4 (83.33%) and
E5 (55.55%) have stayed in budgeted hotel. However, 66.66 per cent of
the respondents from category E1 followed by categories E3 (50%), E5
(44.44%) and E2 (33.33%) have stayed in dharamsala. The Chi-square
value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to the different
educational categories with respect to accommodation preference in
Jwalaji. Pilgrim-wise, the table shows that a majority of the respondents
irrespective of their category have stayed in budgeted hotel. However, an
equal number of the respondents from categories T1 & T4 (50% each)
and T2 & T3 (37.5%) have stayed in dharamsal. The Chi-square value at
5 per cent level of significance shows that significant differences exist
among the respondents belonging to the different pilgrim categories
with respect to accommodation preference in Jwalaji.
Table-6.35
Reasons for Stay at a Particular Accommodation in
Chintpurni and Jwalaji
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Reasons to Stay
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
3
4
7
4
4
5
1
14
Quality of Services
(18.75)
(26.66) (41.17) (25) (12.5) (31.25) (6.25) (17.5)
8
14
24
15
15
16
30
15
15
76
Tariff
(100) (87.5) (100) (100) (88.23) (100) (93.75)(93.75) (93.75) (95)
4
8
8
9
12
6
16
10
9
41
Image
(50)
(50) (33.33) (60) (70.58) (37.5) (50) (62.5) (56.25) (51.25)
4
8
14
9
9
8
17
10
9
44
Cleanliness
(50)
(50) (58.33) (60) (52.94) (50) (53.12) (62.5) (56.25) (55)
2
3
7
9
3
6
6
6
21
Parking Facilities
(25)
(12.5) (46.66) (52.94) (18.75) (18.75) (37.5) (37.5) (26.25)
5
6
5
9
4
8
7
7
26
Nearness to Bus Stand 1
(12.5) (31.25) (25) (33.33) (52.94) (25) (25) (43.75) (43.75) (32.5)
8
16
23
15
17
16
31
16
16
79
Easy Accessibility
(100) (100) (95.83) (100) (100) (100) (96.87) (100) (100) (98.75)
6
10
19
11
14
12
24
12
12
60
Nearness to Mandir
(75) (62.5) (79.16)(73.33) (82.35) (75) (75) (75) (75) (75)
8
16
24
15
17
16
32
16
16
80
N
Table-6.35 highlights that 98.75 per cent of the respondents have
been influenced by easy accessibility, followed by tariff (95%), nearness
to mandir (75%), cleanliness (55%), image of the places (51.25%),
nearness to the bus stand (32.5%), parking facilities (26.25%) and
quality of services (17.5%). Education-wise, the table reveals that a vast
majority of the respondents, irrespective of their educational categories
have been influenced by easy accessibility, tariff, nearness to mandir,
cleanliness and image of the places (except category E3). Further, an
equal number of the respondents from category E5 (52.94%) have been
influenced by nearness to the bus stand and parking facilities.
Similarly, 41.17 per cent of the respondents from category E 5 have been
influenced by quality of services. Pilgrim-wise, the table indicates that a
vast majority of respondents, irrespective of their educational categories
have been influenced by easy accessibility, tariff, nearness to mandir,
cleanliness and image of the places (except category T1). Further, an
equal number of the respondents from categories T4 & T5 (43.75% each)
and T1 & T2 (25% each) have been influenced by nearness to theb bus
stand. Similarly, an equal number of the respondents from categories T 3
& T4 (37.5% each) and T1 & T2 (18.75% each) have been influenced by
parking facilities. However, 31.25 per cent of the respondents from
category T3 have been influenced by quality of services.
Table-6.36
Overall Time Period from Residing Place to Chintpurni and
Jwalaji and Back
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Overall time period Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
6
8
5
4
9
1
5
19
1 day
(42.85) (32) (17.24)
(19.04) (21.95) (5.88) (23.80) (19)
3
11
12
7
5
9
14
6
9
38
2 days
(21.42) (44) (41.37) (46.66)(29.41) (42.85) (34.14) (35.29)(42.85) (38)
5
6
12
8
12
8
18
10
7
43
3-5 days
(35.71) (24) (41.37) (53.33)(70.58) (38.09) (43.90) (58.82)(33.33) (43)
14
25
29
15
17
21
41
17
21
100
N
Chi-square value for educational categories = 20.17, d.f. = 8,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 4, d.f. = 6,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table-6.36 finds that 43 per cent of the respondents have spent
3-5 days from residing place to Chintpurni and Jwalaji and back
followed by those who spent 2 days (38%) and 1 day (19%). Educationwise table shows that 70.58 per cent of the respondents from category
E5 and 35-55 per cent of the respondents from categories E1, E3 and E4
have spent between 3-5 days while visiting Chintpurni and Jwalaji.
Around 45 per cent of the respondents from categories E2, E3 and E4
have spent 2 days. Similarly, 42.85 per cent of the respondents from
category E1 followed by category E2 (32%) have spent one day while
visiting Chintpurni and Jwalaji. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level
of significance shows that significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to the different categories with respect to
number of days spent to visit Chintpurni and Jwalaji. Pilgrim-wise the
table shows that 58.82 per cent of the respondents from category T3
followed by categories T2 (43.90%), T1 (38.09%) and T4 (33.33%) have
spent between 3-5 days while visiting Chintpurni and Jwalaji. An equal
number of the respondents (42.85%) from categories T1 and T4 and
almost 35 per cent of the respondents from categories T2 and T3 have
spent 2 days. Similarly, 23.80 per cent of the respondents from category
T4 followed by category T2 (21.95%) have spent one day while visiting
Chintpurni and Jwalaji. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance
shows
that
significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents belonging to the different categories with respect to days
spent at Chintpurni and Jwalaji.
Total Expenditure by the Respondents
To check the expenditure pattern, the respondents were asked to
specify their total average expenditure per person on the above activities
during their visit to Chintpurni and Jwalaji. Education-wise and
pilgrim-wise aggregate expenditure has been presented in Table-6.37.
Table-6.37
Total Expenditure by the Respondents in Chintpurni
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Total
Expenditure
Up to 500
500-1000
1000-2000
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
8
17
9
2
2
5
17
5
11
38
(61.53) (77.27) (34.61) (16.66)(11.76) (25) (48.57)(31.25) (57.89) (42.22)
1
3
11
5
9
8
10
7
4
29
(7.69) (13.63) (42.30) (41.66)(52.94) (40) (28.57)(43.75) (21.05) (32.22)
4
2
6
5
6
7
8
4
4
23
(30.76) (9.09) (23.07) (41.66)(35.29) (35) (22.85) (25) (21.05) (25.55)
13
22
26
12
17
20
35
16
19
90
Chi-square value for educational categories = 26.08, d.f. = 8,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 6.16, d.f. = 6,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table-6.37 shows that a large number of respondents (42.22%)
have incurred an average expenditure up to Rs. 500 per person followed
by those who have spent between Rs. 500-1000 (32.22%) and Rs.10002000 (25.55%). Education-wise, a large number of respondents
irrespective of their educational categories have spent up to Rs. 500
(except categories E4 and E5). Further, 52.94 per cent of the
respondents from category E5 and almost 42 per cent of the
respondents from categories E3 and E4 have spent between Rs.5001000. Similarly, 41.66 per cent of the respondents from category E4
followed by categories E5 (35.29%), E1 (30.76%) and E3 (23.07%) have
spent between Rs.1000-2000. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level
of significance shows that significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to different educational categories with respect
to total expenditure in Chintpurni. Pilgrim-wise, a large number of
respondents irrespective of their educational categories have spent up
to Rs. 500 (except categories T1). Further, 43.75 per cent of the
respondents from category T3 followed by categories T1 (40%), T2
(28.57%) and T4 (21.05%) have spent between Rs.500-1000. Similarly,
15-35 per cent of the respondents have spent between Rs.1000-2000.
The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no
significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different pilgrim categories with respect to total expenditure in
Chintpurni.
Table-6.38
Total Expenditure by the Respondents in Jwalaji
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Total
Expenditure
Up to 500
500-1000
1000-2000
Above 2000
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
5
4
9
3
3
6
9
4
5
(71.42) (36.36) (42.85) (42.85) (23.07)(54.54) (36) (33.33)(45.45)
1
2
6
9
2
6
6
4
(14.28) (18.18) (28.57)
(69.23)(18.18) (24)
(50) (36.36)
1
2
4
4
1
3
6
2
1
(14.28) (18.18) (19.04) (57.14) (7.69) (27.27) (24) (16.66) (9.09)
3
2
4
1
(27.27) (9.52)
(16)
(9.09)
7
11
21
7
13
11
25
12
11
Chi-square value for educational categories = 25.15, d.f. = 12,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 8.20, d.f. = 9,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Total
24
(40.67)
18
(30.50)
12
(20.33)
5
(8.47)
59
Table-6.38 reveals that large number of the respondents (40.67%)
have incurred an average expenditure up to Rs. 500 per person followed
by those who have spent between Rs. 500-1000 (30.50%), Rs.10002000 (20.33%) and above Rs. 2000 (8.47%). Education-wise, 71.42 per
cent of the respondents from category E1 and 35-45 per cent of the
respondents from categories E2, E3 and E4 have spent up to Rs. 500.
Further, 69.23 per cent of the respondents from category E5 have spent
between Rs.500-1000. Similarly, 57.14 per cent of the respondents from
category E4 have spent between Rs.1000-2000 whereas 27.27 per cent
of the respondents from category E2 have spent above Rs. 2000. The
Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that
significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different educational categories with respect to total expenditure in
Jwalaji. Pilgrim-wise 35-55 per cent of the respondents have spent up
to Rs. 500. Further, 50 per cent of the respondents from category T3
followed by categories T4 (36.36%) have spent between Rs.500-1000.
Similarly, 27.27 per cent of the respondents from category T1 followed
by category T2 (24%) have spent between Rs.1000-2000 whereas 16 per
cent of the respondents from category T2 have spent above Rs. 2000.
The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no
significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different pilgrim categories with respect to total expenditure in Jwalaji.
Further, in response to a query a vast majority of the
respondents irrespective of their educational and pilgrim categories
have visited Chintpurni and Jwalaji during Navratras. Further, a vast
majority of the respondents irrespective of their categories are highly
satisfied with their visit at Gourakh Dibbi.
Problems Faced by the Respondents in Chintpurni and Jwalaji
Table 6.39
Problems Faced by the Respondents in Chintpurni
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Problems
Accommodation
Non Availability
Lack of cleanliness
High Tariff
N
Food
High Rates
Oily and Spicy
Lack of Freshness
Lack of Sitting
Arrangement
Lack of Variety
N
Parking
Lack of Space
Overcharged
Lack of Security
Misbehaviour by
Concerned Persons
N
Transportation
High Tariff
Misbehaving by Bus
Conductor
Overcrowding
N
Sanitation
Less Toilets for Males
Lack of Cleanliness
Lack of Water
Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
Pilgrim Categories
T1
T2
T3
Total
T4
2
5
14
5
6
7
13
5
7
32
(33.33)(45.45) (85.35) (45.45) (42.85)(58.33) (61.90) (41.66) (50) (54.23)
3
9
7
10
9
9
13
8
8
38
(50) (81.81) (41.17) (90.90) (64.28) (75) (61.90) (66.66) (57.14)(64.40)
6
8
12
4
7
9
13
7
8
37
(100) (72.72) (70.58) (36.36) (50) (75) (61.90) (58.33) (57.14)(62.71)
12
21
12
14
59
6
11
17
11
14
9
13
17
12
9
(69.23)(59.09) (65.38) (100) (52.94)
3
9
14
6
8
(23.07)(40.90) (53.84) (50) (47.05)
6
10
11
5
5
(46.15)(45.45) (42.30) (41.66) (29.41)
2
1
8
8
5
(15.38) (4.54) (30.76) (66.66) (29.41)
2
5
10
9
7
(15.38)(22.72) (38.46) (75) (41.17)
13
22
26
12
17
4
(80)
3
(60)
3
(60)
2
(40)
5
10
8
7
(100) (100) (100)
1
(14.28)
7
3
7
(70) (37.5) (100)
4
2
1
(40) (25) (14.28)
10
8
7
10
(100)
2
(20)
9
(90)
3
(30)
10
11
(55)
6
(30)
8
(40)
3
(15)
8
(40)
20
29
8
12
60
(82.85) (50) (63.15)(66.66)
16
6
12
40
(45.71) (37.5) (63.15)(44.44)
16
3
10
37
(45.71) (18.75) (52.63)(41.11)
12
4
5
24
(34.28) (25) (26.31)(26.66)
15
6
4
33
(42.85) (37.5) (21.05)(36.66)
35
16
19
90
11
13
8
7
39
(91.66) (100) (100) (100) (97.5)
2
2
1
1
6
(16.66) (15.38) (12.5) (14.28) (15)
7
10
7
5
29
(58.33) (76.92) (87.5) (71.42) (72.5)
5
3
2
2
12
(41.66) (23.07) (25) (28.57) (30)
12
13
8
7
40
4
11
15
3
5
8
13
5
12
38
(30.76) (50) (57.69) (25) (29.41) (40) (37.14) (31.25) (63.15)(42.22)
2
1
3
5
3
3
1
4
11
(15.38) (4.54) (11.53)
(29.41) (15) (8.57) (6.25) (21.05)(12.22)
5
10
13
3
6
7
12
1
17
37
(38.46)(45.45) (50) (25) (35.29) (35) (34.28) (6.25) (89.47)(41.11)
20
35
16
19
90
13
22
26
12
17
3
9
8
5
12
(23.07)(40.90) (30.76) (41.66) (70.58)
12
20
24
11
14
(92.30)(90.90) (92.30) (91.66) (82.35)
7
10
14
9
11
(53.84)(45.45) (53.84) (75) (64.70)
3
14
8
12
37
(15) (40) (50) (63.15)(41.11)
15
35
13
18
81
(75) (100) (81.25) (94.73) (90)
7
25
9
10
51
(35) (71.42) (56.25) (52.63)(56.66)
Less Toilets for Females
Overcrowding
Congested Bathroom
Improper Lighting
N
Drinking Water
Less Number of Taps
Lack of Cleanliness
Lack of Fresh Water
Non Working Taps
N
Shopping
High Rates
Low Quality of Product
Misbehaving by
Shopkeepers
Lack of Variety
N
Medical Facility
Non-availability of Information
Less Number of Doctor
Less Number of Medical
Shops
Scarcity of Medicines
N
Other
Phone Connectivity
Less Number of Information
Centre
Less Number of ATMs
N
13
21
26
12
17
(100) (95.45) (100) (100) (100)
2
5
6
4
5
(15.38)(22.72) (23.07) (33.33) (29.41)
10
15
18
12
12
(76.92)(68.18) (69.23) (100) (70.58)
1
4
5
3
3
(7.69) (18.18) (19.23) (25) (17.64)
13
22
26
12
17
19
35
16
19
89
(95) (100) (100) (100) (98.88)
4
10
4
4
22
(20) (28.57) (25) (21.05)(24.44)
9
32
12
14
67
(45) (91.42) (75) (73.68)(74.44)
1
7
3
5
16
(5)
(20) (18.75) (26.31)(17.77)
20
35
16
19
90
13
19
25
12
17
(100) (86.36) (96.15) (100) (100)
9
12
18
10
12
(69.23)(54.54) (69.23) (83.33) (70.58)
3
5
2
(23.07)
(19.23)
(11.76)
4
2
3
1
(30.76) (9.09) (11.53) (8.33)
13
22
26
12
17
17
35
15
19
86
(85) (100) (93.75) (100) (95.55)
11
30
11
9
61
(55) (85.71) (68.75) (47.36)(67.77)
1
6
2
1
10
(5) (17.14) (12.5) (5.26) (11.11)
2
6
2
10
(10) (17.14)
(10.52)(11.11)
20
35
16
19
90
11
19
(84.61) (95)
4
2
(30.76) (10)
2
(10)
8
14
(61.53) (70)
13
20
23
11
13
15
33
10
(95.83) (91.66) (76.47)(88.23) (94.28) (66.66)
7
1
8
4
8
4
(29.16) (8.33) (47.05)(23.52) (22.85) (26.66)
1
1
2
1
2
(4.16) (8.33) (11.76) (5.88) (5.71)
21
11
12
11
27
14
(87.5) (91.66) (70.58)(64.70) (77.14) (93.33)
24
12
17
17
35
15
19
(95)
6
(30)
3
(15)
14
(70)
20
77
(90.58)
22
(25.88)
6
(7.05)
66
(77.64)
85
5
10
11
6
6
(38.46)(45.45) (42.30) (50) (35.29)
4
5
5
3
2
(30.76)(22.72) (19.23) (25) (11.76)
10
15
19
9
9
(76.92)(68.18) (73.07) (75) (52.94)
4
5
8
7
7
(30.76)(22.72) (30.76) (58.33) (41.17)
13
22
26
12
17
8
(40)
3
(15)
11
(55)
5
(25)
20
15
4
11
38
(42.85) (25) (57.89)(42.22)
6
1
9
19
(17.14) (6.25) (47.36)(21.11)
22
10
19
62
(62.85) (62.5) (100) (68.88)
9
10
7
31
(25.71) (62.5) (36.84)(34.44)
35
16
19
90
2
3
7
2
5
(15.38)(13.63) (26.92) (16.66) (29.41)
3
1
(11.53)
(5.88)
3
5
9
3
6
(23.07)(22.72) (34.61) (25) (35.29)
13
22
26
12
17
7
5
2
5
19
(35) (14.28) (12.5) (26.31)(21.11)
2
1
1
4
(10) (2.85)
(5.26) (4.44)
6
9
3
8
26
(30) (25.71) (18.75) (42.10)(28.88)
20
35
16
19
90
Accommodation
59 respondents who stayed at Chintpurni have highlighted some
problems regarding accommodation shown in Table 6.39, 64.40 per
cent of the respondents have reported the problem of lack of cleanliness
followed by those who have faced the problems of high tariff (62.71%)
and non-availability (54.23%). Education-wise a vast majority of
respondents irrespective of their educational categories have faced the
problems of high tariff (except category E4) and lack of cleanliness
(except category E3). Further, 85.35 per cent of the respondents from
category E3 and around 45 per cent of the respondents from categories
E2, E4 and E5 have faced the problem regarding non-availability of
accommodation. Pilgrim-wise a vast majority of respondents irrespective
of their pilgrim categories have faced problems of high tariff, lack of
cleanliness and non-availability of accommodation (except category T3).
Food
In response to a query, 90 respondents who have taken food in
Chintpurni have highlighted some food related problems. Table-6.39
depicts that high rates (66.66%), oily and spicy nature of food (44.44%),
lack of freshness (41.11%), lack of variety (36.66%) and lack of sitting
arrangement (26.66%) are the main food related problems in that order
highlighted by the respondents. Education-wise, at least 50 per cent of
the respondents irrespective of their categories have highlighted the
problem of high rate. Similarly, 40-55 per cent of the respondents have
complained regarding oily and spicy nature of food (except category E1)
and lack of freshness in food (except category E5). However, 75 per cent
of the respondents from category E4 have highlighted the problem of
lack of variety in food whereas 66.66 per cent of the respondents from
category E4 have reported the problem of lack of sitting arrangement.
Pilgrim-wise, at least 50 per cent of the respondents have highlighted
the problem of high rates. Further, 63.15 per cent of the respondents
from category T4 and 30-45 per cent of the respondents from other
categories have faced the problem of oily and spicy nature of food.
However, 25-55 per cent of the respondents have complained regarding
lack of freshness (except category T3), lack of sitting arrangement
(except category T1) and lack of variety (except category T4).
Parking
40 respondents who have used their own vehicles to visit
Chintpurni have highlighted some problems regarding parking as
shown in Table 6.39. A large number of the respondents have
complained regarding lack of parking space (97.5%), lack of security
(72.5%), misbehaving by concerned people (30%) and overcharging
(15%). Education-wise, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of
their educational categories have complained regarding lack of parking
space and lack of security (except category E3). Further, 60 per cent of
the
respondents
from
category
E1
have
complained
regarding
overcharging for parking the vehicle. Further, an equal number of
respondents (40%) from categories E1 and E2 followed by categories E5
(30%) and E3 (25%) have reported misbehaving by concerned people.
Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their pilgrim
categories have faced problem of lack of parking space and lack of
security. Further, 41.66 per cent of the respondents from category T1
and 20-30 per cent of the respondents from categories T2, T3 and T4
have reported the problem of misbehaving by concerned people.
Similarly, 10-20 per cent of the respondents have reported problem of
overcharging.
Transportation
All the respondents who have visited Chintpurni through public
transport have highlighted some problems regarding transportation as
shown in table 6.39. Around 40 per cent of the respondents have faced
high tariff and overcrowding problem followed by misbehaving by bus
conductor (12.22%). Education-wise, the table indicates that 57.69 per
cent of the respondents from category E3 followed by category E2 (50%)
and 25-30 per cent of the respondents from categories E 1, E4 and E5
have faced problem of high tariff. Similarly, 25-50 per cent of the
respondents have complained regarding over-crowding in buses.
However, 29.41 per cent of the respondents from category E 5 have
highlighted the problem of misbehaving by bus conductor. Pilgrim-wise,
89.47 per cent of the respondents from category T4 and around 35 per
cent of the respondents from categories T1 and T2 have complained
regarding over-crowding. Further, 63.15 per cent of the respondents
from category T4 and 30-40 per cent of the respondents from categories
T1, T2 and T3 have highlighted the problem of high tariff. 21.05 per cent
of the respondents from category T4 have complained regarding
misbehaving by bus conductor.
Sanitation
Regarding sanitation the table reveals that 98.88 per cent of the
respondents have reported regarding less number of toilets for females.
Further, 90 per cent of the respondents have complained regarding lack
of cleanliness followed by congested bathrooms (74.44%), lack of water
(56.66%), less number of toilets for males (41.11%), overcrowding
(24.44%) and improper lighting (17.77%). Education-wise, a vast
majority of the respondents irrespective of their educational categories
have complained regarding less number of toilets for females, lack of
cleanliness, congested bathrooms and lack of water(except category E2).
70.58 per cent of the respondents from category E5 and around 40 per
cent of the respondents from categories E2 and E4 have pointed out
regarding less number of toilets for males. Further, 15-35 per cent of
the respondents have complained regarding overcrowding and improper
lighting (except category E1). Pilgrim-wise, a majority of the respondents
irrespective of their category have reported regarding lack of cleanliness
in toilets, less number of toilets for females, lack of water (except
category T1), less number of toilets for males (except category T1 and T2)
and congested bathrooms (except category T1). Further, 15-30 per cent
of the respondents irrespective of their category have complained
regarding overcrowding and improper lighting (except category T1).
Drinking Water Problem
Providing drinking water to tourists remains a big challenge for
the managers of a pilgrimage site. The table shows that majority of the
respondents visiting Chintpurni have pointed out the problems of less
number of taps (95.55%), lack of cleanliness near taps (67.77%), lack of
fresh water and non-working taps (11.11% each). Education-wise most
of the respondents irrespective of their educational categories have
faced the problems regarding less number of taps and lack of
cleanliness near taps. Further, around 20 per cent of the respondents
from categories E1 and E3 have pointed out the problem of lack of fresh
water whereas 30.76 per cent of the respondents from category E1 have
reported the problem of non-working taps. Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority
of the respondents have complained regarding less number of taps and
lack of cleanliness near taps. Further, an equal number of the
respondents from category T2 (17.14%) have pointed out the problem of
non-working taps and lack of fresh water.
Shopping
In a response to a query, 85 respondents who have visited
Chintpurni have highlighted some problems regarding shopping as
shown in the table 6.39. 90.58 per cent of the respondents have faced
the problem of high rates and lack of variety. 25.88 per cent
respondents have also communicated regarding the low quality of
products followed
by
misbehaving by
the shopkeepers (7.05%).
Education-wise, a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their
educational categories have pointed out regarding high rates and lack of
product variety at Chintpurni. Further, 47.05 per cent of the
respondents from category E5 and around 30 per cent of the
respondents from categories E1 and E3 have quoted regarding low
quality of product. Around 10 per cent of the respondents from
categories E2 and E5 have complained regarding misbehaving by
shopkeepers. Pilgrim-wise, a majority of respondents have highlighted
regarding problems of high rates and lack of variety products. Further,
20-30 per cent of the respondents have complained regarding low
quality of products. 15 per cent of the respondents from category T4
have reported the problem of misbehaving by shopkeeper.
Medical Facility
Regarding medical facility, the table shows that the respondents
have reported the problems of less number of medical shops (68.88%),
non-availability of information (42.22%), scarcity of medicines (34.44%)
and less number of doctors (21.11%). Education-wise, a majority of
respondents complained regarding less medical shops. Further, 30-60
per cent of the respondents have highlighted the problem of nonavailability of information, scarcity of medicines (except category E2)
and less number of doctors (except categories E2, E3, E4 and E5).
Pilgrim-wise, all the respondents from category T4 and 55-65 per cent of
the respondents from categories T1, T2 and T3 have complained
regarding problem of less number of medical shops. Further, 25-65 per
cent of the respondents have reported the problem of non-availability of
information and scarcity of medicines.
Other Problems
Table 6.39 shows that 28.88 per cent of the respondents have
complained regarding less number of ATMs followed by problem of
phone connectivity (21.11%) and less number of information centres
(4.44%). Education-wise the table reveals that 15-35 per cent of the
respondents have complained regarding problems of phone connectivity
and less number of ATMs. The percentage share of the respondents who
have reported the problem of less number of information centres is
negligible. Pilgrim-wise, 25-45 per cent of the respondents have
highlighted the problem of phone connectivity (except categories T2 and
T3) and less number of ATMs (except category T3). The percentage share
of the respondents who have highlighted the problem of less number of
information centres is negligible.
Table-6.40
Problems Faced by the Respondents in Jwalaji
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Problems
Accommodation
Non Availability
Lack of Cleanliness
High Tariff
N
Food
High Rate
Oily and Spicy
Lack of Freshness
Lack of Sitting
Arrangement
Lack of Variety
N
Parking
Lack of Space
Overcharging
Lack of Security
Misbehaving by
concerned people
N
Transportation
High Tariff
Misbehaving by Bus
Conductor
Overcrowding
Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
Pilgrim Categories
T1
T2
T3
1
2
7
3
5
4
8
4
(33.33)(33.33) (58.33) (50) (55.55) (50) (50) (50)
2
1
7
2
2
2
8
2
(66.66)(16.66) (58.33) (33.33) (22.22) (25) (50) (25)
3
6
8
3
6
6
13
4
(100) (100) (66.66) (50) (66.66) (75) (81.25) (50)
3
6
12
6
9
8
16
8
5
11
18
6
11
9
22
12
(100) (100) (94.73) (85.71) (84.61)(81.81) (100) (100)
2
8
1
6
3
6
4
(18.18) (42.10) (14.28) (46.15)(27.27) (27.27) (33.33)
5
6
7
3
6
5
(45.45) (31.57)
(53.84)(27.27) (27.27) (41.66)
4
4
9
3
3
5
10
4
(80) (36.36) (47.36) (42.85) (23.07)(45.45) (45.45) (33.33)
2
5
7
3
3
4
8
4
(40) (45.45) (36.84) (42.85) (23.07)(36.36) (36.36) (33.33)
5
11
19
7
13
11
22
12
1
2
7
2
5
(33.33) (40) (87.5) (66.66) (71.42)
1
4
(33.33) (57.14)
1
2
1
4
(20) (25) (33.33) (57.14)
2
1
5
(25) (33.33) (71.42)
3
5
8
3
7
4
(100)
1
(25)
2
(50)
2
(50)
4
4
(44.44)
1
(11.11)
1
(11.11)
2
(22.22)
9
Total
T4
2
18
(50) (50)
2
14
(50) (38.88)
3
26
(75) (72.22)
4
36
8
(80)
4
(40)
4
(40)
4
(40)
4
(40)
10
51
(92.72)
17
(30.90)
18
(32.72)
23
(41.81)
20
(36.36)
55
4
5
17
(80) (62.5) (65.38)
1
2
5
(20) (25) (19.23)
2
3
8
(40) (37.5) (30.76)
2
2
8
(40) (25) (30.76)
5
8
26
2
5
11
1
7
4
8
8
6
26
(28.57)(45.45) (52.38) (14.28) (53.84)(36.36) (32) (66.66) (54.54)(44.06)
1
2
4
1
2
2
2
3
3
10
(14.28)(18.18) (19.04) (14.28) (15.38)(18.18) (8)
(25) (27.27)(16.94)
2
8
7
2
7
5
6
8
7
26
(28.57)(72.72) (33.33) (28.57) (53.84)(45.45) (24) (66.66) (63.63)(44.06)
N
Sanitation
Less number of Toilets
for Males
Lack of
Cleanliness
Lack of Water
7
11
21
7
13
11
25
12
11
59
2
7
10
4
5
5
(28.57)(63.63) (47.61) (57.14) (38.46)(45.45)
6
10
16
6
12
9
(85.71)(90.90) (76.19) (85.71) (92.30)(81.81)
3
6
13
5
11
8
(42.85)(54.54) (61.90) (71.42) (84.61)(72.72)
6
11
21
7
13
11
(85.71) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
3
5
4
2 4
3
(42.85)(45.45) (19.04) (28.57) (30.76)(27.27)
6
7
7
2
6
6
(85.71)(63.63) (33.33) (28.57) (46.15)(54.54)
7
11
21
7
13
11
10
6
7
28
(40) (50) (63.63)(47.45)
21
12
8
50
(84) (100) (72.72)(84.74)
15
10
5
38
(60) (83.33) (45.45)(64.40)
24
12
11
58
(96) (100) (100) (98.30)
8
5
2
18
(32) (41.66) (18.18)(30.58)
10
5
7
28
(40) (41.66) (63.63)(47.45)
25
12
11
59
Lack of fresh Water
7
(100)
5
(71.42)
-
Non- Working Taps
-
N
Shopping
High Rate
7
25
12
11
59
(100) (100) (100) (100)
17
9
10
45
(68) (75) (90.90)(76.27)
2
1
5
(8) (8.33)
(8.47)
5
3
9
(20) (25)
(15.25)
25
12
11
59
Less number of Toilets
for Females
overcrowding
Congested Bathrooms
N
Drinking Water
Less Number of Taps
Lack of Cleanliness
Low Quality of Product
Misbehaving by Shopkeeper
Lack of Variety
N
Medical Facility
Non-availability of Information
11
21
7
13
11
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
11
13
6
9
9
(100) (61.90) (85.71) (69.23)(81.81)
1
3
1
2
(9.09) (14.28)
(7.69) (18.18)
1
2
6
1
(9.09) (9.52)
(46.15) (9.09)
11
21
7
13
11
6
10
18
7
13
(100) (90.90) (94.73) (100) (100)
1
6
5
1
7
(16.66)(54.54) (26.31) (14.28) (53.84)
2
3
3
3
2
(33.33)(27.27) (15.78) (42.85) (15.38)
6
10
19
7
11
(100) (90.90) (100) (100) (84.61)
6
11
19
7
13
10
22
12
10
54
(100) (91.66) (100) (100) (96.42)
5
6
5
4
20
(50) (25) (41.66) (40) (35.71)
3
5
3
2
13
(30) (20.83) (25) (20) (23.21)
10
22
12
10
54
(100) (91.66) (100) (100) (96.42)
10
24
12
10
56
1
8
9
1
6
6
(14.28)(72.72) (42.85) (14.28) (46.15)(54.54)
Less Number of Doctor
1
5
3
1
5
4
(14.28)(45.45) (14.28) (14.28) (38.46)(36.36)
Less number of Medical Shops
2
2
7
1
7
3
(28.57)(18.18) (33.33) (14.28) (53.84)(27.27)
Scarcity of Medicines
2
2
3
1
2
(28.57)(18.18) (14.28)
(7.69) (18.18)
N
7
11
21
7
13
11
Other
Phone Connectivity
1
4
4
1
4
2
(14.28)(36.36) (19.04) (14.28) (30.76)(18.18)
Less Number of Information
2
Centre
(15.38)
Less Number of ATMs
1
6
5
2
3
7
(14.28)(54.54) (23.80) (28.57) (23.07)(63.63)
N
7
11
21
7
13
11
6
6
7
25
(24) (50) (63.63)(42.37)
3
4
4
15
(12) (33.33) (36.36)(25.42)
4
6
6
19
(16) (50) (54.54)(32.20)
2
2
2
8
(8) (16.66) (18.18)(13.55)
25
12
11
59
2
4
6
14
(8) (33.33) (54.54)(23.72)
2
2
(16.66)
(3.38)
5
2
3
17
(20) (16.66) (27.27)(28.81)
25
12
11
59
Accommodation
36 respondents who have stayed in Jwalaji have highlighted
some problems regarding accommodation as shown in Table 6.40. As
shown in the table, 72.22 per cent of the respondents have faced the
problem of high tariff followed by non-availability (50%) and lack of
cleanliness (38.88%). Education-wise a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their educational categories have faced the problems of
high tariff, non-availability (except category E1 and E2) and lack of
cleanliness (except category E2, E3 and E5). Pilgrim-wise, a majority of
the respondents irrespective of their pilgrim categories have faced
problems of high tariff, lack of cleanliness (except categories T1 and T3)
and non-availability.
Food
In response to a query, 55 respondents who have taken food in
Jwalaji have highlighted some food related problems. Table 6.40 depicts
that high rates (92.72%), lack of sitting arrangement (41.81%), lack of
variety (36.36%), lack of freshness (32.72%) and oily & spicy nature of
food (30.90%) are the main food related problems in that order
highlighted by the respondents. Education-wise, a vast majority of the
respondents irrespective of their categories have highlighted the
problem of high rates. Similarly, 80 per cent of the respondents from
category E1 and 35-50 per cent of the respondents from categories E2,
E3 and E4 have complained regarding lack of sitting arrangement.
However, 30-60 per cent of the respondents have highlighted the
problem of lack of variety in food (except category E5), lack of freshness
in food (except categories E1 and E3) and oily and spicy nature of food
(except categories E1, E2 and E4). Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of the
respondents (80-100%) have highlighted the problem of high rate.
Further, 25-45 per cent of the respondents irrespective of their
categories have conveyed the problem of oily and spicy nature of food,
lack of freshness, lack of sitting arrangement and lack of variety.
Parking
26 respondents who have used their own vehicles to visit Jwalaji
have highlighted some problems regarding parking as shown in table
6.40. The table shows that a large number of the respondents have
complained regarding lack of parking space (65.38%), lack of security
and misbehaving by concerned people (30.76% each) and overcharging
(19.23%).
Education-wise,
a
vast
majority
of
the
respondents
irrespective of their educational categories have faced problem of lack of
space except categories E1 and E2. Further, 55-75 per cent of the
respondents from category E5 and an equal number of the respondents
from category E4 (33.33%) have complained regarding overcharging for
parking the vehicle, lack of security and misbehaving by concerned
people. Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
pilgrim categories have highlighted the problem of lack of parking space
(except category T2). Further, 20-50 per cent of the respondents have
reported the problem of misbehaving by concerned people, overcharging
(except category T2) and lack of security (except category T2).
Transportation
All the respondents who have visited Jwalaji through public
transport have highlighted some problems regarding transportation.
The table shows that an equal number of respondents (44.06%) have
faced the problems of high tariff and overcrowding followed by
misbehaving by conductor (16.94%). Education-wise, the table indicates
that 25-75 per cent of the respondents have reported problem of high
tariff (except category E4) and overcrowding. Similarly, 10-20 per cent of
the respondents have complained regarding misbehaving by conductor.
Pilgrim-wise, the table shows that 25-65 per cent of the respondents
have complained regarding over crowding (except category T2), high
tariff and misbehaving by conductor (except categories T1 and T2).
Sanitation
Regarding sanitation, 98.30 per cent of the respondents have
reported regarding less number of toilets for females. Further, 84.74 per
cent of the respondents have complained regarding lack of cleanliness
followed by lack of water (64.40%), less number of toilets for males and
congested
bathrooms
(47.45%
each)
and
overcrowding
(58%).
Education-wise, a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their
educational categories have complained regarding less number of toilets
for females, lack of cleanliness, congested bathrooms (except categories
E3, E4 and E5), lack of water (except category E1) and less number of
toilets for males (except categories E1, E3 and E5). 25-45 per cent of the
respondents have pointed out regarding overcrowding (except category
E3). Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
categories have complained regarding less number of toilets for females,
lack of cleanliness, congested bathrooms (except categories T2 and T3),
lack of water (except category T4) and less number of toilets for males
(except categories T1 and T2). Further, 25-45 per cent of the
respondents have pointed out regarding overcrowding.
Drinking Water Problem
All the respondents who have visited Jwalaji have highlighted
some problems regarding drinking water. The table shows that all the
respondents have pointed out the problems of less number of taps
followed by lack of cleanliness near taps (76.27%), non-working taps
(15.25%) and lack of fresh water (8.47%). Education-wise all the
respondents irrespective of their educational categories have faced the
problems regarding less number of taps. Further, majority of the
respondents irrespective of their category have highlighted the problem
of lack of cleanliness near taps. Similarly, 46.15 per cent of the
respondents from categories E5 have pointed out the problem of nonworking taps. However, 14.28 per cent of the respondents from category
E3 have complained regarding lack of fresh water. Pilgrim-wise, a vast
majority of the respondents have complained regarding less number of
taps and lack of cleanliness near taps. Further, 25 per cent of the
respondents from category T3 have pointed out the problem of nonworking taps whereas 18.18 per cent of the respondents from category
T1 have complained regarding lack of fresh water.
Shopping
In response to a query, 56 respondents who have visited Jwalaji
have highlighted some problems regarding shopping. The table depicts
that an equal number of respondents (96.42%) have faced the problem
of high rates and lack of variety followed by low quality of products
(35.71%) and misbehaving by the shopkeepers (23.21%). Educationwise table shows that a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of
their educational categories have pointed out regarding high rates and
lack of variety products at Jwalaji. Further, 25-55 per cent of the
respondents have reported regarding low quality of products (except
categories E1 and E4) and misbehaving by shopkeepers (except
categories E3 and E5). Pilgrim-wise, a majority of the respondents have
highlighted regarding problems of high rates and lack of variety in
products. Further, 20-30 per cent of the respondents irrespective of
their category have complained regarding misbehaving by shopkeepers.
Medical Facility
All the respondents who have visited Jwalaji have highlighted
some problems regarding medical facilities. The table shows that the
respondents have pointed out the problems of non-availability of
information (42.37%), less number of medical shops (32.20%), less
number of doctors (25.42%) and scarcity of medicines (13.55%).
Education-wise, 72.72 per cent of the respondents from category E 2 and
around 45 per cent of the respondents from categories E3 and E5 have
complained regarding non-availability of information. Further, 25-55
per cent of the respondents have highlighted the problem of less
number of medical shops (except categories E2 and E4), scarcity of
medicines (except categories E2, E3, E4 and E5) and less number of
doctors (except categories E1, E3 and E4). Pilgrim-wise, 25-65 per cent of
the respondents (except category T2) have complained regarding less
number of medical shops, non-availability of information. 15-20 per
cent of the respondents (except category T2) have complained regarding
scarcity of medicines.
Other Problems
Table-6.40 shows that 28.81 per cent of the respondents have
complained regarding less number of ATMs followed by phone
connectivity related problem (23.72%) and less number of information
centres (3.38%). Education wise the table reveals that 54.54 per cent of
the respondents from category E2 and around 25 per cent of the
respondents from categories E3, E4 and E5 have complained regarding
less number of ATMs. Further, 10-30 per cent of the respondents have
highlighted the problem relating to phone connectivity. 15.38 per cent
of the respondents from category E5 have conveyed the problem of less
number of information centres. Pilgrim-wise, 63.63 per cent of the
respondents from category T1 have highlighted the problem of less
number of ATMs. Further, 54.54 per cent of the respondents from
category T4 followed by category T3 (33.33%) have complained regarding
phone connectivity. 16.66 per cent of the respondents have highlighted
the problem of less number of information centres.
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Other Aspects
Table-6.41 shows the opinion of the respondents regarding some
other important aspects in Chintpurni.
Table-6.41
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Other
Aspects in Chintpurni
(Frequency Distribution) N=90
Aspects
Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in Chintpurni
There is lack of cleanliness in Chintpurni
Large number of beggars near religious sites irritate tourists a
lot.
Non availability of tourist guide affects tourist’s experience.
Behaviour of priests in temples is very irritating in Chintpurni
People face problems due to over crowding of buses during
festival
Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious places hurts
public sentiments
Belongings of people are not safe due to high incidence of theft
during festivas
People face inconvenience due to over crowdedness during
navratra/festivals
Wish fulfillment is one of the main reasons behind visiting
Chintpurni
Kancka system should continue in Chintpurni
Shoe keeping arrangement in Chintpurni are satisfactory
Sacrifice tradition in temples should continue
Langar must continue for 24 hour in Chintpurni
Priests are not performing their duty with full dedication in
Chintpurni
Agree
39
(43.33)
86
(95.55)
74
(82.22)
32
(35.55)
71
(78.88)
84
(93.33)
84
(93.33)
82
(91.11)
84
(93.33)
64
(71.11)
65
(72.22)
44
(48.88)
24
(26.66)
39
(43.33)
13
(14.44)
Neither
agree Nor
disagree
35
(38.88)
1
(1.11)
3
(3.33)
47
(52.22)
5
(5.55)
1
(1.11)
2
(2.22)
2
(2.22)
1
(1.11)
8
(8.88)
5
(5.55)
8
(8.88)
15
(16.66)
28
(31.11)
49
(54.44)
Disagree
16
(17.77)
3
(3.33)
13
(14.44)
11
(12.22)
14
(15.55)
5
(15.55)
4
(4.44)
6
(6.66)
5
(5.55)
18
(20)
20
(22.22)
38
(42.22)
51
(56.66)
23
(25.55)
28
(31.11)
The table reveals that the majority of respondents have expressed
their agreement regarding statements ‘There is lack of cleanliness in
Chintpurni’ (95.55%), ‘People face problem due to over crowdedness of
buses during festivals’, ‘Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious
places hurt public sentiments’ and People face inconvenience due to
over crowdedness during navratra/festivals’(93.33%each), ‘Belongings
of people are not safe due to high incidence of theft during
festivas’(91.11%), ‘Large number of beggars near religious sites irritate
tourists a lot’ (82.22%), ‘Behaviour of priests in temples is very irritating
in
Chintpurni’
(78.88%),
‘Kancka
system
should
continue
in
Chintpurni’(72.22%), and ‘Wish fulfillment one of the main reasons
behind your visit to Chintpurni’(71.11%). 48.88 per cent of the
respondents have agreed with the statement,’Shoe keeping arrangement
in Chintpurni is satisfied’. It is followed by the respondents who have
disagreed (42.22%) and indifferent (8.88%).
An equal number of
respondents (43.33% each) have agreed with the statements, ‘Security
arrangements are not very satisfactory in Chintpurni’ and ‘Langar must
continue for 24 hours in Chintpurni’. Others have either disagreed or
indifferent. 56.66 per cent of the respondents have disagreed with the
statement, ‘Sacrifice tradition in temples should continue’. It is followed
by those who have agreed (26.66%) and indifferent (16.66%). Further,
54.44 per cent of the respondents are indifferent to the statement,
‘Priests
are
not
performing
their
duty
with
full
dedication
in
Chintpurni’. Other respondents have either disagreed or agreed. 52.22
per cent of the respondents are indifferent to the statement, ‘Nonavailability of tourist guide affects tourist’s experience’. It is followed by
those who have agreed (35.55%) and have disagreed (12.22%).
Average weighted score have been calculated with respect to
above responses for different categories of pilgrims by assigning weight
as 3, 2, 1 to agree, neither agree nor disagree and disagree respectively
and these have been given in Table 6.42.
Table-6.42
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Other Aspects
in Chintpurni
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution) (AWS)
Aspects
Educational
Pilgrim
Average
Categories
Categories
Weighted Score
For Total
E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 T1 T2 T3 T4
2.38 2.09 2.15 2 2.35 2.35 2.08 2.56 2.21
2.25
Security arrangements are not very
satisfactory in Chintpurni
3 3 3 3 2.58 2.9 3 2.68 3
2.92
There is lack of cleanliness in Chintpurni
2.76 2.81 2.76 2.5 2.41 2.65 2.85 2.81 2.78
2.67
Large number of beggars near religious
sites irritate tourists a lot.
2.30 1.90 2.15 2.5 2.52 2.15 2.28 2.5 2
2.23
Non availability of tourist guide affects
tourists’ experience.
2.38 2.40 2.88 2.83 2.58 2.6 1.77 2.56 2.73
2.63
Behaviour of priests in temples is very
irritating in Chintpurni
2.87
People face problem due to over crowding 3 2.81 3 2.91 2.64 2.6 3 2.87 2.94
of buses during festivals
3 2.77 2.88 3 2.88 2.95 2.88 2.87 2.84
2.88
Availability of non-vegetarian food near
religious places hurt public sentiments
2.69 3 2.96 2.83 2.58 2.75 3 2.5 2.94
2.84
Belongings of people are not safe due to
high incidence of theft during festivas
2.92 2.72 3 3 2.76 3 2.88 3 2.52
2.87
People face inconvenience due to over
crowding during navratra/festivals
2.51
Wish fulfillment one of the main reasons 2.76 2.18 2.53 2.58 2.64 2.85 2.42 2.56 2.26
behind visiting Chintpurni
2.84 2.27 2.53 2.66 2.35 2.25 2.45 2.43 2.89
2.50
Kancka system should continue in
Chintpurni
2.06
Shoe keeping arrangement in Chintpurni is 2.07 2.36 2.15 1.75 1.76 2.25 2.08 2.06 1.89
satisfactory
2.38 1.5 1.73 1.75 1.35 1.8 1.8 1.43 1.63
1.7
Sacrifice tradition in temples should
continue
2.53 2.22 2.23 1.66 2.11 2.3 2.08 2.25 2.15
2.17
Langar must continue for 24 hour in
Chintpurni
1.83
Priests are not performing their duty with 1.84 1.90 1.76 1.5 2.05 1.85 1.65 2.12 1.89
full dedication in Chintpurni
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for educational categories = .824, Chi-square value= 57.68,
d. f. .=14, Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for pilgrim categories = .795, Chi-square value = 44.50,
d.f. = 14, Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table 6.42 shows that the respondents belonging to all the
categories have shown their agreement (average weighted score being
2.3 or above) with respect to the statements ‘There is lack of cleanliness
in Chintpurni’(AWS=2.92), ‘People face problems due to over crowding
of buses during festivals’ (AWS=2.87), ‘Availability of non-vegetarian
food near religious places hurt public sentiments’(AWS=2.88) and
People
face
inconvenience
due
to
over
crowding
during
navratras/festivals’(AWS=2.87), ‘Belongings of people are not safe due
to high incidence of theft during festivas’(AWS=2.84), ‘Large number of
beggars near religious sites irritate
tourists a lot’ (AWS=2.67),
‘Behaviour of priests in temples is very irritating in Chintpurni’
(AWS=2.63),
‘Kancka
system
should
continue
in
Chintpurni’(AWS=2.50), and ‘Wish fulfillment is one of the main reasons
behind visiting Chintpurni’ (AWS=2.51). Further, respondents are
indifferent about statements ‘Shoe keeping arrangements in Chintpurni
are satisfactory’ (AWS=2.06), ‘Langar must continue for 24 hour in
Chintpurni’(AWS=2.17),
‘Security
arrangements
are
not
very
satisfactory in Chintpurni’ (AWS=2.25), ‘Sacrifice tradition in temples
should continue’(AWS=1.7), ‘Non availability of tourist guide affects
tourist’s experience’(AWS=2.23) and ‘Priests are not performing their
duty with full dedication in Chintpurni’ (AWS=1.83). Education-wise,
the table reveals that a vast majority of the respondents have agreed
with the statements ‘There is lack of cleanliness in Chintpurni’, ‘People
face problems due to over crowding of buses during festival’,
‘Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious places hurts public
sentiments’ ‘People face inconvenience due to over crowding during
navratras/festivals’, ‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high
incidence of theft during festivals’, ‘Large number of beggars near
religious sites irritate tourists a lot’, ‘Behaviour of priests in temples is
very irritating in Chintpurni’, ‘Kancka system should continue in
Chintpurni’(except category E2) and ‘Wish fulfillment is one of the main
reasons behind visiting Chintpurni’(except category E2). Further, a large
number of the respondents are indifferent about the statements, ‘Shoe
keeping arrangement in Chintpurni are satisfactory’, ‘Langar must
continue for 24 hours in Chintpurni’ (except category E4), ‘Security
arrangements are not very satisfactory in Chintpurni’ (except categories
E1 and E5), ‘Sacrifice tradition in temples should continue’(except
categories E2 and E5), ‘Non availability of tourist guide affects tourist’s
experience’ and ‘Priests are not performing their duty with full
dedication in Chintpurni’(except category E4). The Kendall’s Co-efficient
of Concordance reveals that significant concurrence of rankings (W=
.824) exist among the respondents belonging to different categories with
respect to the above mentioned aspects. Pilgrim-wise the table reveals
that respondents belonging to all the categories have shown their
agreement (average weighted score being 2.3 or above) with respect to
statement ‘There is lack of cleanliness in Chintpurni’, ‘People face
problems
due
to
over
crowdedness
of
buses
during
festivals’,
‘Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious places hurt public
sentiments’ ‘People face inconvenience due to over crowding during
navratras/festivals’, ‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high
incidence of theft during festivals’, ‘Large number of beggars near
religious sites irritate tourists a lot’, ‘Behaviour of priests in temples is
very irritating in Chintpurni’(except category T2), ‘Kancka system should
continue in Chintpurni’(except category T1) and ‘Wish fulfillment is one
of the main reasons behind visiting Chintpurni’(except category T4).
Further, a large number of the respondents are indifferent about the
statements, ‘Shoe keeping arrangement in Chintpurni are satisfactory’,
‘Langar
must
continue
for
24
hour
in
Chintpurni’,
‘Security
arrangements are not very satisfactory in Chintpurni’, ‘Sacrifice
tradition in temples should continue’, ‘Non availability of tourist guide
affects tourist’s experience’ and ‘Priests are not performing their duty
with full dedication in Chintpurni’. The Kendall’s Co-efficient of
Concordance reveals that significant concurrence of rankings (W= .795)
exist among the respondents belonging to different categories with
respect to the above mentioned problems.
Table-6.43
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Other
Aspects in Jwalaji
(Frequency Distribution) N=59
Aspects
Agree Neither Disagree
agree
Nor
disagree
Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in
Jwalaji
There is lack of cleanliness in Jwalaji
Large number of beggars near religious sites irritate
tourists a lot.
Non-availability of tourist guide affects tourist’s
experience.
Behaviour of priests in temples is very irritating in
Jwalaji
People face problems due to over crowding of buses
during festival
Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious
places hurt public sentiments
Belongings of people are not safe due to high
incidence of theft during festivals
People face inconvenience due to over crowding
during navratras/festivals
Wish fulfillment one of the main reasons behind
visiting Chintpurni
Kancka system should continue in Chintpurni
Shoe keeping arrangement in Chintpurni is
satisfactory
Sacrifice tradition in temples should continue
Langar must continue for 24 hour in Chintpurni
Priests are not performing their duty with full
dedication in Chintpurni
37
(62.71)
51
(86.44)
43
(72.88)
28
(47.45)
49
(83.05)
50
(84.74)
42
(71.18)
52
(88.13)
52
(88.13)
45
(76.27)
38
(64.40)
22
(37.28)
18
(30.50)
21
(35.59)
7
(11.86)
19
(32.20)
1
(1.69)
14
(23.72)
25
(42.37)
5
(8.47)
2
(3.38)
10
(16.94)
1
(1.69)
2
(3.38)
2
(3.38)
6
(10.16)
4
(6.77)
11
(18.64)
20
(33.89)
32
(54.33)
3
(5.08)
7
(11.86)
2
(3.38)
6
(10.16)
5
(8.47)
7
(11.86)
7
(11.86)
6
(10.16)
5
(8.47)
12
(20.33)
15
(25.42)
33
(55.93)
30
(50.84)
18
(30.50)
20
(33.89)
The table reveals that the majority of respondents have expressed
their agreement regarding statements, ‘Security arrangements are not
very satisfactory in Jwalaji (62.71)’, ‘There is lack of cleanliness in
Jwalaji’(86.44%), ‘People face problems due to over crowding of buses
during festivals’(84.74%), ‘Availability of non-vegetarian food near
religious
places
hurt
public
sentiments’(71.18%),
‘People
face
inconvenience due to over crowding during navratras/festivals’ and
‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high incidence of theft during
festivals’(88.13% each), ‘Large number of beggars near religious sites
irritate tourists a lot’ (72.88%), ‘Behaviour of priests in temples is very
irritating in Jwalaji’ (83.05%), Kancka system should continue in
Jwalaji’(64.40%), and ‘Wish fulfillment is one of the main reasons
behind visiting Jwalaji’(76.27%). 47.45 per cent of the respondents have
agreed with the statement, ‘Non availability of tourist guide affects
tourist’s experience’. It is followed by the respondents who have
disagreed (10.16%) and are indifferent (42.37%). 35.59 per cent of the
respondents have agreed with the statements, ‘Langar must continue
for 24 hours in Jwalaji’. Other have either disagreed or indifferent.
55.93 per cent of the respondents have disagreed with the statement,
‘Shoe keeping arrangement in Jwalaji is satisfied’. It is followed by those
who have agreed (37.28%) and indifferent (6.77%). 50.84 per cent of the
respondents have disagreed with the statement, ‘Sacrifice tradition in
temples should continue’. It is followed by those who have agreed
(30.50%) and indifferent (18.64%). Further, 54.23 per cent of the
respondents are indifferent with the statement, ‘Priests are not
performed their duty with full dedication in Jwalaji. Other respondents
are either disagreed or agreed. Average weighted score have been
calculated with respect to the above responses for different categories of
pilgrims by assigning weight as 3, 2, 1 to agree, neither agree nor
disagree, and disagree respectively and these have been given in table
6.44.
Table-6.44
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Other
Aspects in Jwalaji
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution) AWS
Aspects
Security arrangements are not very
satisfactory in Jwalaji
There is lack of cleanliness in Jwalaji
Large number of beggars near religious
sites irritate tourists a lot.
Non availability of tourist guide affects
tourist’s experience.
Behaviour of priests in temples is very
irritating in Jwalaji
People face problems due to over
crowding of buses during festivals
Availability of non-vegetarian food near
religious places hurts public sentiments
Belongings of people are not safe due to
high incidence of theft during festivals
People face inconvenience due to over
crowding during navratras/festivals
Wish fulfillment one of the main reasons
Behind visiting Chintpurni
Kancka system should continue in
Chintpurni
Shoe keeping arrangement in
Chintpurni is satisfactory
Sacrifice tradition in temples
should continue
Langar must continue for 24 hour
in Chintpurni
Priests are not performing their duty
with full dedication in Chintpurni
Educational
Pilgrim
Categories
Categories
E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 T1 T2 T3 T4
2.57 2.54 2.47 2.71 2.69 2.54 2.68 3.08 2.36
Average
Weighted
Score
2.25
2.71 3 2.71 2.57 2.69 3 2.68 2.75 2.63
2.85 2.63 2.71 2.57 2.69 2.72 2.6 2.75 2.81
2.92
2.67
2.28 2.27 2.38 2.42 2.46 2.54 2.28 2.58 2.18
2.23
2.42 2.72 2.80 2.85 2.76 2.90 2.64 2.75 2.81
2.63
3 2.81 2.61 2.85 2.61 2.63 2.84 2.66 2.63
2.87
2.71 2.27 2.57 3 2.61 2.81 2.56 2.58 2.45
2.88
2.71 2.81 2.76 2.71 2.84 2.81 2.8 2.61 2.63
2.84
3 2.90 2.9 2.42 2.84 2.90 2.6
3 2.72
2.87
3 2.63 2.52 2.71 2.23 2.72 2.64 2.33 2.45
2.51
2.57 2.45 2.28 2.42 2.38 2.81 2.44 2.16 2.09
2.50
2.71 1.72 1.80 1.28 1.69 1.45 1.96 1.58 2.09
2.06
2.42 1.54 1.95 1.14 1.76 1.63 1.88 1.66 1.90
1.7
2.57 2.27 1.80 2
2.2 1.66 2.18
2.17
1.85 2 1.66 1.57 1.84 1.63 1.76 1.91 1.81
1.83
2
2
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for educational categories = .707,
Chi-square value= 49.47, d. f.=14, Significant at 5 per cent level of
significance.
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for pilgrim categories = .783,
Chi-square value = 43.86, d. f. = 14, Significant at 5 per cent level of
significance.
Table 6.44 shows that the respondents belonging to all the
categories have shown their agreement (average weighted score being
2.3 or above) with respect to the statements ‘Security arrangements are
not very satisfactory in Jwalaji(AWS=2.57)’, ‘There is lack of cleanliness
in Jwalaji’ and ‘Behaviour of priests in temples is very irritating in
Jwalaji’ (AWS=2.74 each), ‘Large number of beggars near religious sites
irritate tourists a lot’ (AWS=2.69), ‘Non availability of tourist guide
affects tourist’s experience’ (AWS=2.54), ‘People face problems due to
over crowding of buses during festivals’(AWS=2.72), ‘Availability of nonvegetarian
food
near
religious
places
hurt
public
sentiments’(AWS=2.59), ‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high
incidence
of
theft
during
festivals’(AWS=2.77),
‘People
face
inconvenience due to over crowdedness during navratra/festivals’
(AWS=2.79), ‘Wish fulfillment is one of the main reasons behind visiting
Jwalaji’(AWS=2.55)
and
‘Kancka
system
should
continue
in
Jwalaji’(AWS=2.33). Further, a large number of the respondents are
indifferent with the statements , ‘Shoe keeping arrangement in Jwalaji
are satsfactory’ (AWS=1.81), ‘Sacrifice tradition in temples should
continue’(AWS=1.79),
Jwalaji’(AWS=2.05) and
‘Langar
must
continue
for
24
hour
in
‘Priests are not performing their duty with full
dedication in Jwalaji’(AWS=1.77). Education-wise table shows that a
large number of the respondents have agreed with the statements,
‘Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in Jwalaji’, ‘There is
lack of cleanliness in Jwalaji’, ‘Large number of beggars near religious
sites irritate tourists a lot’, ‘Non availability of tourist guide affects
tourist’s experience’(except categories E1 and E2), ‘Behaviour of priests
in temples is very irritating in Jwalaji’ , ‘People face problem due to
over crowding of buses during festival’, ‘Availability of non-vegetarian
food near religious places hurt public sentiments’(except category E 2),
‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high incidence of theft during
festivals’, ‘People face inconvenience due to over crowding during
navratras/festivals’, ‘Wish fulfillment is one of the main reasons behind
visiting Jwalaji’(except category E5)
and
‘Kancka system should
continue in Jwalaji’(except category E3). Further, a large number of the
respondents
are
indifferent
with
the
statements,
Shoe
keeping
arrangement in Jwalaji are satisfactory’ (except categories E1 and E4),
‘Sacrifice tradition in temples should continue’ (except categories E1, E2
and E4), ‘Langar must continue for 24 hours in Jwalaji’(except category
E1) and ‘Priests are not performing their duty with full dedication in
Jwalaji’(except categories E3 and E4). The Kendall’s Co-efficient of
Concordance reveals that significant concurrence of rankings (W= .707)
exist among the respondents belonging to different categories with
respect to the above mentioned problems. Pilgrim-wise the table reveals
that respondents belonging to all the categories have shown their
agreement (average weighted score being 2.3 or above) with respect to
statement ‘Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in Jwalaji’,
‘There is lack of cleanliness in Jwalaji’, ‘Large number of beggars near
religious sites irritate tourists a lot’(except categories T2), ‘Non
availability of tourist guide affects tourist’s experience’(except categories
T2 and T4), ‘Behaviour of priests in temples is very irritating in Jwalaji’ ,
‘People face problems due to over crowding of buses during festival’,
‘Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious places hurt public
sentiments’, ‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high incidence of
theft
during
festivals’,
‘People
face
inconvenience
due
to
over
crowdedness during navratras/festivals’, ‘Wish fulfillment is one of the
main reasons behind visiting Jwalaji’
and
‘Kancka system should
continue in Jwalaji’(except category T3 and T4). Further, a large number
of respondents are indifferent with the statements , Shoe keeping
arrangement in Jwalaji satisfactory’ (except categories T1 and T3),
‘Sacrifice tradition in temples should continue’(except categories T1 and
T3), ‘Langar must continue for 24 hours in Jwalaji’(except category T3)
and
‘Priests are not performing their duty with full dedication in
Jwalaji’(except category T1). The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance
reveals that significant concurrence of rankings (W= .783) exist among
the respondents belonging to different categories with respect to the
above mentioned problems.
Waiting Time for Darshan at Chintpurni
Due to the large number of devotees, they have to wait for
darshan. The respondents were asked for the same. The education-wise
and pilgrim-wise responses of the respondents have been presented in
Tables 6.45.
Table-6.45
Waiting Time for Darshan at Chintpurni
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Waiting Time for Darshan
Below 1 hour
1-3 hour
3-5 hour
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
1
2
5
1
2
4
2
1
1
11
(7.69) (9.09) (19.23) (8.33) (11.76) (20) (10)
(5) (5.26) (12.22)
9
15
13
1
5
5
20
6
12
43
(69.23) (68.18) (50) (8.33) (29.41) (25) (57.14) (37.5) (63.15) (47.77)
3
5
8
10
10
8
14
7
7
36
(23.07) (22.72) (30.76)(83.33) (58.82) (40) (40) (43.75) (36.84) (40)
13
22
26
12
17
20
35
16
19
90
Chi-square value for educational categories = 20.159, d.f. = 8,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 7.63, d.f. = 6,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table-6.45 highlights that 47.77 per cent of the respondents have
waited between ‘1-3 hours’ for darshan at Chintpurni followed by those
who have waited between ‘3-5 hours’. Further, 12.22 per cent of the
respondents have waited below one hour. Education-wise the table
reveals that almost 68 per cent of the respondents from categories E 1
and E2 followed by categories E3 (50%) and E5 (29.41%) have waited
between ‘1-3 hours’. Further, 83.33 per cent of the respondents from
category E4 followed by category E5 (58.82%) and 20-30 per cent of the
respondents from categories E1, E2 and E3 have waited between 3-5
hour. However, 19.23 per cent of the respondents from category E 3 have
waited below one hr. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance
shows
that
significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents belonging to the different educational categories with
respect to waiting time for darshan at Chintpurni. Pilgrim-wise, 63.15
per cent of the respondents from category T4 followed by categories T2
(57.14%) and T3 (37.5%) have waited between ‘1-3 hours’. Further, 3545 per cent of the respondents irrespective of their category have waited
between ‘3-5 hours’. However, 20 per cent of the respondents from
category T1 have waited below 1hr. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent
level of significance shows that no significant differences exist among
the respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to
wait for darshan at Chintpurni.
Wait for Darshan at Jwalaji
Table-6.46 reveals waiting time taken for darshan at Jwalaji..
Table 6.46
Waiting Time for Darshan at Jwalaji
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Waiting Time for Darshan
Below 1 hour
1-3 hour
3-5hour
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
(9.09) (4.76) (14.28) (7.69) (9.09) (8) (8.33)
(6.77)
3
3
5
1
3
1
8
2
4
15
(42.85) (27.27) (23.80) (14.28)(23.07) (9.09) (32) (16.66) (36.36)(25.42)
4
7
15
5
9
9
15
9
7
40
(57.14) (63.63) (71.42) (71.42)(69.23) (81.81) (60) (75) (63.63)(67.79)
7
11
21
7
13
11
25
12
11
59
Chi-square value for educational categories= 2.73, d.f. = 8,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 4.05, d.f. = 6,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
As shown in the table, 67.79 per cent of the respondents have
waited between ‘3-5 hour’ for darshan at Jwalaji followed by those who
have waited between ‘1-3hour’ (25.42%). Further, 6.77 per cent of the
respondents have waited below one hourr. Education-wise the table
shows that a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their
category have waited between ‘3-5 hours’. Further, 42.85 per cent of the
respondents from category E1 and 20-30 per cent of the respondents
from categories E2, E3 and E5 have waited between ‘1-3 hours’.
However, 14.28 per cent of the respondents from category E 4 have
waited below one hour. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that no significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to different educational categories with respect
to waiting for darshan at Jwalaji. Pilgrim-wise the table shows that a
vast majority of respondents irrespective of their category have waited
between ‘3-5 hours’. Further, 36.36 per cent of the respondents from
category T4 followed by category T2 (32%) have waited between 1’-3
hours’. However, the percentage share of the respondents who have
waited below 1hr is negligible. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level
of significance shows that no significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to
waiting for darshan at Jwalaji.
In response to a query, a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their category are aware about Mata chintpurni Devi
Trust. Further, 50 per cent of the respondents are not sure about the
working of the Trust. In response to another query, a vast majority of
the respondents irrespective of their category are satisfied with their
visit to Mata Chintpurni. Similarly, they are also satisfied with attitude
of the local people at chintpurni.
In response to a query, a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their category are aware about Mata Jwalaji Trust.
Further, an equal number of respondents (37.28%) are satisfied or are
not sure about the working of Mata Jwalaji Trust. In response to
another query, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
category are satisfied with their visit to Mata Jwalaji. Similarly, they are
also satisfied with the attitude of local people at Chintpurni.
Section-3
Amritsar is an important pilgrimage centre as holy shrine ‘Golden
Temple’ is situated here. Golden Temple was designed by Guru Arjun
Dev ji and in 1588, on his invitation the foundation stone of Golden
Temple was laid by the great Sufi Hazarat Main Mir of Lahore. In 1604
AD ‘Sri Guru Granth Sahib’ was installed in the temple. This building
acquired its name when Maharaja Ranjit Singh got its domes covered
with gold in 1803. Though people across the region visit the shrine, this
place is the most sacred shrine for the Sikhs. It attracts large crowds
throughout the year. However, during fairs and festivals number of
visitors increases manifold
which
requires tourist infrastructure
facilities. This section attempts to know the behaviour of tourists while
visiting Golden Temple, their awareness regarding important places in
and around Amritsar and Golden Temple, and problems faced by them
in this pilgrimage centre.
Education-wise and Pilgrim-wise Distribution
Education-wise, Table-6.47 shows that 36 per cent of the
respondents surveyed belong to category E3 followed by categories E1
(18%), E2 (17%), E4 (16%) and E5 (13%). Pilgrim-wise the respondents
have been divided into four categories, viz. individuals (T1), family group
(T2), package tour group (T3), and friends group (T4). Further, pilgrimwise, 43 per cent of the respondents belong to category T2 that is
Family. It is followed by categories T4 (22%), T3 (18%), and T1 (17%).
Table-6.47
Education-Wise/ Pilgrim-Wise Distribution of Respondents
Pilgrim Categories
Educational Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
18
7
(7)
10
(10)
8
(8)
11
(11)
36
1
(1)
8
(8)
-
N
1
(1)
7
(7)
3
(3)
6
(6)
17
-
T4
8
(8)
5
(5)
5
(5)
-
T1
T2
T3
13
(13)
2
(2)
1
(1)
16
4
(4)
13
17
(17)
43
(43)
18
(18)
22
(22)
100
N represents total number of the respondents surveyed.
Figures in parenthesis in this table and tables to follow represent
percentages
Purpose of Visit
Tourists may visit a particular place due to different motivations.
In response to a query in this regard the respondents have cited, visit to
Golden Temple, Wagha Boarder, Jaliawala Baag and Durgiana Mandir
as the main reasons of their visit. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise
responses of the respondents in this respect have been presented in
Table 6.48.
Table-6.48
Purpose of Visiting Amritsar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Purpose of Visit
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
Visit to Golden Temple
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
100
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
Rituals
3
3
5
6
4
8
1
4
17
(16.66)(17.64) (13.88) (37.5)
(23.52) (18.60) (5.55) (18.18) (17)
Leisure and other activities 5
2
4
3
5
6
3
14
(27.77)(11.76) (11.1) (18.75)
(29.4) (13.95)
(13.63) (14)
Visit to Jaliawala Baag
10
8
19
6
4
10
13
13
11
47
(55.55)(47.05) (52.77) (37.5) (30.76)(58.82) (30.23) (72.22) (50)
(47)
Visit to Durgianan Mandir 6
3
12
3
5
6
9
9
5
29
(33.33)(17.64) (33.33) (18.75) (38.46)(35.29) (20.93) (50) (22.72) (29)
Visit to Lal Dawara
1
1
5
2
1
2
2
7
(5.55) (5.88) (13.88)
(11.76) (2.32) (11.11) (9.09) (7)
Visit to Dera Beas
1
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
6
(5.55) (11.76) (5.55)
(7.69) (5.88) (6.97) (5.55) (4.54) (6)
To See Wagha Border
9
10
22
6
4
12
14
14
11
51
(50) (58.82) (61.11) (37.5) (30.76)(70.58) (32.55) (77.77) (50)
(51)
N
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
100
Table-6.48 reveals that all the respondents have visited Amritsar
to pay homage at Golden Temple secondary objective being to visit
Wagha Border (51%), Jaliawala Baag (47%), Durgiana Mandir (29%), Lal
Dwara (7%), and Dera Beas (6%). Further, 17 per cent of the
respondents came here for rituals and followed by those who have
visited for leisure and other activities (14%). Education-wise the table
shows that all the respondents irrespective of their educational category
have visited Amritsar to visit Golden Temple. Further, 61.11 per cent of
the respondents from category E3 followed by categories E2 (58.82%), E1
(50%), E4 (37.5%) and E5 (30.76%) have come here to see Wagha Border.
38.46 per cent of the respondents from category E5 and an equal
number of the respondents from categories E1 and E3 (33.33% each)
have visited to see Durgiana Mandir whereas 55.55 per cent of the
respondents from category E1 followed by category E3 (52.77%) have
come here to see Jaliawala Baag. However, 37.5 per cent of the
respondents from category E4 have visited Amritsar to perform rituals
while 27.77 per cent of the respondents from category E 1 have reported
leisure and other activities as the main purpose of their visit. Further,
the share of the respondents who have come here to visit Lal Dawara
and Dera Beas is negligible. Pilgrim-wise, the table reveals that all the
respondents have visited Golden Temple. Further, 50-80 per cent of the
respondents (except category T2) have also come here to see Waga
Boarder and Jaliawala Baag. 50 per cent of the respondents from
category T3 have come here to visit Durgiana Mandir. Similarly, 29.4
per cent of the respondents from category T1 are those who have visited
Amritsar for leisure and other activities followed by the respondents
from category T1 who have come here for rituals (23.52%). Further, the
share of the respondents who have come here to visit Lal Dawara and
Dera Beas is negligible.
Frequency of Visit
A tourist may visit a place multiple times. It depends upon his
liking for the place and purpose of visit in many cases. Thus, an
attempt has been made to know the number of times a respondent has
visited Golden Temple. Education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of
the respondents in this regard have been given in Table 6.49.
Table-6.49
Frequency of Visiting Golden Temple
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Times Visited
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
Once
6
2
1
4
2
3
9
(33.3)
(5.6) (6.3)
(23.52) (4.65) (16.66)
(9)
2-5 Times
12
10
24
9
9
8
27
15
14
64
(66.7) (58.8) (66.7) (56.3) (69.2) (47.05) (62.79)(83.33) (63.63) (64)
More than 5 Times 7
10
6
4
5
14
8
27
(41.2) (27.8) (37.5) (30.8) (29.41) (32.55)
(36.36) (27)
N
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
100
Chi-square value for educational Categories = 22.34, d.f. = 8,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 15.97, d.f. = 6,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Table- 6.49 highlights that 64 per cent of the respondents have
visited Golden Temple ‘2-5 times’. It is followed by those who have
visited more than 5 times (27%) and once (9%). Education-wise, the
table reveals that majority of the respondents irrespective of their
category have visited Golden Temple ‘2-5 times’. Similarly, 41.2 per cent
of the respondents from category E2 followed by categories E4 (37.5%),
E5 (30.8%) and E3 (27.8%) have visited here more than 5 times.
However, 33.3 per cent of the respondents from category E 1 and around
6 per cent each from category E3 and E4 have visited here only once.
The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that
significant
behavioural
differences
exist
among
the
respondents
belonging to the different educational categories with respect to their
frequency of visit. Pilgrim-wise, the table indicates that 83.33 per cent
of the respondents from category T3 followed by categories T4 (63.63%),
T2 (62.79%) and T1 (47.05%) have visited Golden Temple between ‘2-5
times’. Similarly, 36.36 per cent of the respondents from category T4
followed by category T2 (32.55%) and T1 (29.41%) have visited here more
than 5 times. Further, 23.52 per cent of the respondents from category
T1 followed by categories T3 (16.66%) and T2 (4.65%) have visited here
only once. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows
that significant behavioural differences exist among the respondents
belonging to different categories of pilgrims with respect to their
frequency of visit.
To
know
the
respondent’s
awareness
about
historical
importance of Golden Temple, they were asked about it. Table-6.50 give
education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses in this regard.
Table-6.50
Respondents Awareness about Historical Importance of
Golden Temple
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Awareness about
Historical Importance
Fully Aware
Partially Aware
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
9
10
24
14
9
9
32
10
15
66
(50) (58.8) (66.7) (87.5) (69.2) (52.94) (74.41) (55.55) (68.18) (66)
9
7
12
2
4
8
11
8
7
34
(50) (41.2) (33.33) (12.5) (30.8) (47.05) (25.58) (44.44) (31.81) (34)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22 100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 5.80, d.f. = 4,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =3.57, d.f. = 3,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Table 6.50 shows that a majority of the respondents (66%) are
fully aware about historical importance of Golden Temple followed by
those who are partially aware (33%) and not at all aware (1%).
Education-wise, the table reveals that 87.5 per cent of the respondents
from category E4 followed by categories E5 (69.2%), E3 (66.7%), E2
(58.8%) and E1 (50%) are aware about historical importance of Golden
Temple. Further, 50 per cent of the respondents from category E 1
followed by category E2 (41.2%), E5 (30.8%), E3 (33.33%) and E4 (12.5%)
are partially aware about this fact. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent
level of significance shows that no significant awareness differences
exist among the respondents belonging to different educational
categories with respect to their awareness about historical importance
of Golden Temple. Pilgrim-wise, 74.41 per cent of the respondents from
category T2 followed by categories T4 (68.18%), T3 (55.55%) and T1
(52.94%) are fully aware about historical importance of Golden Temple.
However, 47.05 per cent of the respondents from category T1 followed by
categories T3 (44.44%), T4 (31.81%) and T2 (25.58%) are partly aware
about this fact. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance
shows that no significant awareness differences exist among the
respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to
historical importance of Golden Temple.
Sources of Information Used by the Respondents
A large number of sources namely religious books, magazines,
television, friends, parents, internet and radio provide information
about Golden Temple. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of
the respondents regarding the sources of information used by them
have been presented in Table-6.51.
Table-6.51
Source of Information Used by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Source
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
Religious Books 15
15
28
7
10
14
27
14
20
(83.33) (88.23) (77.77) (43.75) (76.92) (82.35) (62.79) (77.77) (90.90)
Magazines
1
1
7
3
4
1
1
(5.55) (5.88) (19.44)
(17.64) (9.30) (5.55) (4.54)
Television
6
8
22
1
7
10
8
12
(33.33) (47.05) (61.11)
(7.69) (41.17) (23.25) (44.44) (54.54)
Friends
9
7
18
10
3
11
15
11
10
(50) (41.17) (50) (62.5) (23.07) (64.70) (34.88) (61.11) (45.45)
Parents
12
14
32
13
5
14
27
18
17
(66.66) (82.35) (88.88) (81.25) (38.46) (82.35) (62.79) (100) (77.27)
Internet
2
1
1
(5.55)
(5.88) (2.32)
Radio
1
1
6
8
(5.55) (5.88) (16.66)
(36.36)
N
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
Total
75
(75)
9
(9)
37
(37)
47
(47)
76
(76)
2
(2)
8
(8)
100
Table 6.51 reveals that 76 per cent of the respondents have come
to know about Golden Temple through their parents. It is followed by
those who have got information from religious books (75%), friends
(47%), television (37%), magazines (9%), radio (8%) and internet (2%).
Education-wise, the table highlights that a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their educational category have got information from
their parents (except category E5) and religious books (except category
E4). Further, 62.5 per cent of the respondents from categories E 4
followed by categories E1 & E3 (50% each) and E2 (41.17%) have got
information through their friends. 61.11 per cent of the respondents
from category E3 have got information through television. However,
magazines, radio and internet do not seem to be important source of
information among respondents irrespective of their educational
category. Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of
their category have got information about Golden Temple from their
parents and religious books. Further, 64.70 per cent of the respondents
from category T1 followed by categories T3 (61.11%), T4 (45.45%) and T2
(34.88%) have got information through their friends. 54.54 per cent of
the respondents from category T4 followed by categories T3 (44.44%), T1
(41.37%) and T2 (23.25%) have got information through television.
Further, 36.36 per cent of the respondents from category T4 have used
radio as a source of information. However, internet and magazines do
not seem to be popular sources of information among respondents
irrespective of their pilgrim category.
Transportation Used by the Respondents
To know the mode of transportation used by the respondents,
they were enquired about the same. Table-6.52 depicts education-wise
and pilgrim-wise responses in this regard.
Table-6.52
Mode of Transportation Used by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Transport Used
Bus
Train
Own Vehicle
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
14
18
8
5
10
23
12
9
54
(82.4) (50) (50) (38.5) (58.82) (53.48)(66.66) (40.90) (54)
3
10
3
1
6
13
3
4
26
(17.6) (27.8) (18.8) (7.7) (35.29) (30.23)(16.66) (18.18) (26)
8
5
7
1
7
3
9
20
(22.22) (31.3) (53.84) (5.88) (16.27)(16.66) (40.90) (20)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
100
E1
9
(50)
9
(50)
-
Chi-square value for educational categories =25.35, d.f. = 8,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =10.19, d.f. = 6,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Table-6.52 highlights that 54 per cent of the respondents have
visited Amritsar by bus followed by train (26%) and own vehicle (20%).
Education-wise the table reveals that 82.4 per cent of the respondents
from category E2 followed by an equal number of the respondents from
categories E1, E3 and E4 (50%each) and E5 (38.5%) have visited the
place by bus. 50 per cent of the respondents from category E1 followed
by categories E3 (27.8%), E4 (18.8%) and E2 (17.6%) have visited
Amritsar through train. Further, 53.84 per cent of the respondents from
category E5 followed by categories E4 (31.3%) and E3 (22.22%) have
visited the place by their own vehicle. The Chi-square value at 5 per
cent level of significance shows that significant differences exist among
the respondents belonging to the different educational categories with
respect to mode of transportation used to visit Amritsar. Pilgrim-wise, a
vast majority of the respondents from categories T3 (66.66%), T1
(58.82%), T2 (53.48%) and 40.90 per cent of the respondents from
category E4 have visited Amritsar by bus whereas 35.29 per cent of the
respondents from category T1 followed by category T2 (30.23%), T4
(18.18%) and T3 (16.66%) have visited here by train. Further, 40.90 per
cent of the respondents from category T4 and almost 16 per cent of the
respondents from categories T2 and T3 have visited by their own vehicle.
The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no
significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to the
different pilgrim categories with respect to mode of transportation used
to visit Amritsar.
In an other query regarding mode of transport used by the
respondents in Amratsar city, it has been found that a large number of
the respondents irrespective of their educational and pilgrim categories
have used rikshaw and share auto.
Respondents Behaviour Regarding Stay and Accommodation
Preference at Amritsar
To know about respondents’ period of stay at Amritsar the
respondents were asked about it. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise
responses of the respondents have been shown in Table 6.53. Table
6.53 indicates that a majority of the respondents (66%) have stayed at
Amritsar for ‘two days’ followed by those whom have stayed for ‘one day
and less’ (23%) and ‘3-5 days’ (11%). Education-wise the table reveals
that a vast majority of the respondents (except category E4) irrespective
of their educational category have stayed for ‘two days’. Further, 44.44
per cent of the respondents from category E1 and almost 30 per cent of
the respondents from categories E4 and E5 have stayed for ‘one day and
less’. 29.41 per cent of the respondents from category E 2 have stayed for
‘3-5 days’. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows
that significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
the different educational categories with respect to their days of stay at
Amritsar.
Table 6.53
Respondents’ Stay at Amritsar
. (Education-wise and Pilgrim-wise Distribution)
Period
of Stay
One day
and Less
2 Days
E1
8
9
1
11
27
10
9
18
9
29
13
15
(64.70) (75) (27.77) (69.23)(52.94) (67.44) (72.22) (68.18)
5
4
1
-
(5.55) (29.41) (11.11) (6.25)
N
Pilgrim Categories
T1
T2
T3
T4
4
11
5
3
(44.44) (5.88) (13.88) (31.25) (30.76)(23.52) (25.58) (27.77) (13.63)
(50)
3-5 Days
Educational Categories
E2
E3
E4
E5
1
5
5
4
17
36
16
4
3
-
(23.52) (6.97)
13
17
43
18
Total
23
(23)
66
(66)
4
11
(18.18)
(11)
22
100
Chi-square value for educational categories =16.55, d.f. = 8,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =7.78, d.f. = 6,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Pilgrim-wise a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of
their category have stayed at Amritsar for ‘two days’. Further, around
25 per cent of the respondents from categories T1, T2 and T3 have stayed
here for ‘one day and less’. Further, 23.52 per cent and 18.18 per cent
of the respondents from categories T1 and T4 respectively have stayed
here between ‘3-5 days’. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that no significant behavioural differences exist
among the respondents belonging to the different pilgrim categories
with respect to their days of stay at Amritsar.
Further, in response to a query, it has been found that a
majority of the respondents irrespective of their educational and pilgrim
category have visited Golden Temple during winter. The respondents
who have stayed at night at Amritsar (82) were further asked about the
place of their stay. Their responses have been shown in Table-6.54.
Table-6.54
Accommodation Preferred by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Accommodation
Preferred
Star Hotel
Budgeted Hotel
Dharamsala
Relatives
Gurudwara
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
2
1
1
1
2
1
(6.25) (8.33) (8.33) (7.69) (5.71)
(4.76)
3
9
3
2
1
5
4
7
(17.64) (28.12) (25) (16.66) (7.69) (14.28) (30.76)(33.33)
1
1
1
1
(5.88) (3.12)
(2.32)
(4.76)
2
2
1
3
1
1
(11.76) (6.25)
(8.33) (23.07) (2.32)
(4.76)
9
11
18
8
8
8
26
9
11
(100) (64.70) (56.25) (66.66) (66.66)(61.53) (74.28) (69.23)(52.38)
9
17
32
12
12
13
35
13
21
E1
-
Total
4
(4.87)
17
(20.73)
2
(2.43)
5
(6.09)
54
(65.85)
82
Chi-square value for educational categories =10.98, d.f. = 16,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =14.64, d.f. = 12,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Table 6.54 reveals that a vast majority of respondents (65.85%)
have stayed in the Gurudwara followed by those who have stayed in a
budgeted hotel (20.73%), star hotel (4.87%) and dharamsala (2.43%).
However, 6.09 per cent of the respondents have stayed with their
relatives. Education-wise, all the respondents from category E1 and a
vast majority of the respondents from other categories have stayed in
Gurudwara. Further, 28.12 per cent of the respondents from category
E3 followed by categories E4 (25%), E2 (17.64%) and E5 (16.66%) have
stayed in a budgeted hotel. The percentage share of the respondents
irrespective
of
their
educational
category
who
have
stayed
in
dharamsala, star hotel and with relatives is negligible. The Chi-square
value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant
behavioural differences exist among the respondents belonging to the
different educational categories with respect to the accommodation
used to stay at Amritsar. Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of the
respondents (74.28%) from category T2 followed by categories T3
(69.23%), T1 (61.53%) and T4 (52.38%) have stayed in the Gurudwara.
Further, around 30 per cent of the respondents from category T3 and T4
have stayed in a budgeted hotel while 23.07 per cent of the respondents
from category T1 have stayed with relatives. The percentage share of the
respondents who have stayed in dharamsala and star hotel is negligible
in all the educational categories. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent
level of significance shows that no significant behavioural differences
exist among the respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories
with respect to the accommodation used at Amritsar.
To know the reasons for choosing a particular accommodation,
the respondents were asked for the same. The responses have been
given in Table 6.55.
Table-6.55
Reasons for Stay at a Particular Accommodation in Amritsar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Reasons for Stay
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
2
9
3
3
2
6
4
5
17
(11.76) (28.12) (25)
(25) (11.76) (13.95) (22.22) (22.72)(20.73)
8
16
27
4
9
10
24
10
20
64
(88.88)(94.11) (84.37) (33.33) (75) (58.82) (55.81) (55.55) (90.90)(78.04)
2
9
2
1
1
2
3
8
14
(11.76) (28.12) (16.66) (8.33) (5.88) (4.65) (16.66) (36.36)(17.07)
3
11
2
1
1
4
4
8
17
(17.64) (34.37) (16.66) (8.33) (5.88) (9.30) (22.22) (36.36)(20.73)
1
5
9
5 2(16.66) 3
5
6
8
22
(11.11)(29.41) (28.12) (41.66)
(17.64) (11.62) (33.33) (36.36)(26.82)
5
1
1(8.33) 1
1
5
7
(15.62) (8.33)
(5.88)
(5.55) (22.72) (8.53)
E1
-
Quality of Services
Nearness to Gurudwara
Tariff
Cleanliness
Easy Accessibility
Non-availability of
Accommodation in
Gurudwara
Sanctity Attached
6
6
13
7
2
7
12
8
7
34
(66.66)(35.29) (40.62) (58.33) (16.66) (41.17) (27.90) (44.44) (31.81)(41.46)
9
17
32
12
12
13
35
13
21
82
N
Note: - Percentages are more than hundred because of multiple choices
Table-6.55 highlights that 78.04 per cent of the respondents have
been influenced by nearness to the Gurudwara, followed by sanctity
attached (41.46%); easy accessibility (26.82%), quality of services and
cleanliness (20.73%each), tariff (17.07%) and non- availability of
accommodation
in
the
Gurudwara
(8.53%)
while
selecting
accommodation. Education-wise the table shows that majority of the
respondents irrespective of their educational categories have been
influenced by nearness to the Gurudwara (except category E4) while
selecting a place for stay at Amritsar. Further, 66.66 per cent of the
respondents from category E1 followed by categories E4 (58.33%), E3
(40.62%) and E2 (35.29%) have been influenced by sanctity attached to
the place. Further, 41.66 per cent of the respondents from category E 4
have been influenced by easy accessibility whereas 34.37 per cent of the
respondents from category E3 have been influenced by cleanliness.
Similarly, an equal number of the respondents from category E 3
(28.12%) have been influenced by tariff and quality of services.
Moreover, 15.62 per cent of the respondents from category E3 have been
forced to select an accommodation due to non- availability of
accommodation in the Gurudwara. Pilgrim-wise, a majority of the
respondents irrespective of their pilgrim categories have been influenced
by nearness to the Gurudwara while selecting a place for stay at
Amritsar. Further, 25-45 per cent of the respondents have been
influenced by sanctity attached to the place. An equal number of the
respondents (36.36%) from category T4 have been influenced by tariff,
cleanliness and easy accessibility while selecting a place for stay at
Amritsar. Similarly, 22.72 per cent of the respondents from category T4
have been influenced by quality of services. Similarly, 22.72 per cent of
the respondents have been forced to select the accommodation due to
non- availability of accommodation in the Gurudwara.
Total Expenditure by the Respondents
To check the expenditure pattern, the respondents were asked to
specify their total average expenditure per person during their visit to
Amritsar.
Education-wise
and
pilgrim-wise
expenditure
respondents in this regard has been presented in Table-6.56.
of
the
Table-6.56
Total Expenditure by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Total Expenditure
(in Rs.)
Up to 500
500-1000
1000-2000
Above 2000
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
1
2
2
1
2
4
(5.88) (5.55) (12.5) (7.69) (11.76) (9.30)
6
2
2
4
3
3
8
3
3
(33.33) (11.76) (5.55) (25) (23.07)(17.64) (18.60) (16.66) (13.63)
5
14
22
6
4
9
19
12
11
(27.77) (82.35)(61.11) (37.5) (30.76)(52.94) (44.18) (66.66) (50)
7
10
4
5
3
12
3
8
(38.88)
(27.77) (25) (38.46)(17.64) (27.90) (16.66) (36.36)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
E1
-
Total
6
(6)
17
(17)
51
(51)
26
(26)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories =22.95, d.f. = 12,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =7.64, d.f. = 9,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
It is evident from Table-6.56 that a vast majority of respondents
(51%) have incurred an average expenditure between Rs.1000-2000 per
person followed by those who have spent above Rs. 2000 (26%), Rs.5001000 (17%) and up to Rs. 500(6%). Education-wise, the table shows
that a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their educational
categories have incurred an average expenditure between Rs.1000-2000
(except category E1, E4 and E5). Further, almost 39 per cent of the
respondents from categories E1 and E5 have spent above Rs. 2000.
Similarly, 33.33 per cent of the respondents from category E1 have
spent between Rs. 500-1000 whereas 12.5 per cent of the respondents
from category E4 have spent up to Rs.500. The Chi-square value at 5
per cent level of significance shows that significant differences exist
among the respondents belonging to different educational categories
with respect to expenditure in Amritsar. Pilgrim-wise the table indicates
that a large number of the respondents irrespective of their pilgrim
categories have an average expenditure between Rs. 1000-2000.
Further, 10-20 per cent of the respondents have spent between Rs. 5001000. 36.36 per cent and 27.90 per cent of the respondents from
category T4 and T2 respectively have spent above Rs. 2000 whereas
11.76 per cent of the respondents from category T1 have spent up to Rs.
500. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that
no significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different pilgrim categories with respect expenditure in Amritsar.
Time Preferred to Pray at Golden Temple
At religious places people choose different time period for prayer
according to their beliefs. To know the time preferred to pray at Golden
Temple, the respondents were asked for the same. The education-wise,
and pilgrim wise responses of the respondents in this respect have been
presented in Table-6.57.
Table-6.57
Preferred Prayer Time by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Preferred Time
4Am-7Am
7Am-11Am
11Am-2Pm
2Pm-6Pm
6Pm-10Pm
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
1
10
10
2
8
6
16
3
6
(5.55) (58.82) (27.77) (12.5)(61.53)(35.29) (37.20) (16.66) (27.27)
8
6
14
1
3
5
10
10
7
(44.44)(35.29) (38.88) (6.25)(23.07)(29.41) (23.25) (55.55) (31.81)
7
1
8
6
1
5
9
3
6
(38.88) (5.88) (22.22) (37.5) (7.69) (29.41) (20.93) (16.66) (27.27)
1
6
1
6
(2.77) (37.5)
(5.88) (13.95)
2
3
1
1
1
2
1
3
(11.11)
(8.33) (6.25) (7.69) (5.88) (4.65) (5.55) (13.63)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
Total
31
(31)
32
(32)
23
(23)
7
(7)
7
(7)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories =53.11, d.f. = 16,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =14.59, d.f. = 12,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Table 6.57 indicates that a large number of the respondents
(32%) have prayed between 7Am-11Am followed by those who have
prayed between 4Am-7Am (31%), 11Am-2Pm (23%), 2Pm-6Pm and
6Pm-10Pm (7% each). Education-wise, the table shows that majority of
the respondents (except category E4) irrespective of their category have
prayed between 4Am-11Am. However, almost 38 per cent of the
respondents from categories E1 and E4 have prayed between 11Am-
2Pm. Further, 37.5 per cent of the respondents from category E 4 have
prayed between 2Pm-6Pm whereas around 10 per cent of the
respondents from categories E1, E3 and E5 have prayed between 6Pm10Pm. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows
that significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different educational categories with respect to the prayer time. Pilgrimwise, the table depicts that a vast majority of the respondents
irrespective of their categories have prayed between 4Am-2Pm. Further,
almost 14 per cent of the respondents from categories T2 and T4 have
prayed between 2Pm-6Pm and 6Pm-10Pm respectively. The Chi-square
value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to different pilgrim
categories with respect to prayer time in Golden Temple.
Impression About the City
Each person who visits a particular place builds some image of
the place visited. In a query from respondents regarding their
impression about Amritsar City, a large number of respondents
irrespective of their educational and pilgrim categories have considered
as religious city. However, 25 per cent of the respondents have
highlighted the uncleanliness of the city.
Awareness and Places Visited In and Around Amritsar
There are large number of places of tourist interest within
Amritsar and around Amritsar. However, many of such places may not
be known to tourists. Further, all such places may not be popular
among tourists and they may not visit these. Thus, the respondents
were asked to state whether they were aware of the listed destinations
in Amritsar or not. Further, to compare category-wise awareness level,
the respondents aware about the destination were given score one and
those who were unaware were given score zero. Thus the total score of
the respondents were summed up category- wise. To get the average
mean awareness, the category-wise total score was divided by total
number of respondents and total number of destinations. The
education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of the respondents have
been shown in Tables-6.58 and 6.59.
Table-6.58
Awareness of Places in Amritsar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Awareness About Places(In
Amritsar)
Durgyana Mandir
Jaliawala Baag
Company Baag
Gurudwara Sahidan
N
Average Mean Awareness
Score
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
12
14
30
13
7
14
31
16
15
(66.66) (82.35) (83.33)(81.25) (53.84) (82.35) (72.09)(88.88) (68.18)
16
16
36
16
12
16
40
18
22
(88.88) (94.11) (100) (100) (92.30) (94.11) (93.02) (100) (100)
7
5
18
4
2
9
14
4
9
(38.88) (29.41) (50) (25) (15.38) (52.94) (32.55)(22.22) (40.90)
16
14
25
13
9
14
35
14
14
(88.88) (82.35) (69.44)(81.25) (69.23) (82.35) (81.39)(77.77) (63.63)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
0.71 0.72 0.76 0.72 0.58 0.78 0.70 0.72 0.68
Total
76
(76)
96
(96)
36
(36)
77
(77)
100
0.71
Note: Percentages are more than hundred because of multiple choices.
Table-6.58 shows that 96 per cent of the respondents are aware
about the Jaliawala Baag followed by Gurudwara Sahidan (77%),
Durgyana Mandir (76%) and Company Baag (36%). Education-wise, the
table shows that a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
educational categories are aware about Jaliawala Baag, Gurudwara
Sahidan and Durgyana Mandir. Further, 50 per cent of the respondents
from category E3 followed by categories E1 (38.88%), E2 (29.41%) and E4
(25%) are aware about Company Baag. Further, the table shows that
the total mean awareness level of the respondents is 0.71, which is
quite high. Category-wise the mean awareness score has been the
highest for category E3 (0.76) followed by categories E2 and E4 (0.72
each), E1 (0.71) and E5 (0.58). Pilgrim–wise, a vast majority of
respondents irrespective of their pilgrim categories are aware about
Jaliawala Baag, Gurudwara Sahidan and Durgyana Mandir. Further,
52.94 per cent of the respondents from category T1 followed by
categories T4 (40.90%) and T2 (32.55%) are aware about Company Baag.
Category-wise the mean awareness score has been the highest for
category T1 (0.78) followed by categories T3 (0.72), T2 (0.70) and T4 (0.68).
Table-6.59
Awareness of Places Around Amritsar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Awareness About
Places(Around Amritsar)
Baba Bakala
Khandur Sahib
Damdama Sahib
Goindwal Sahib
Wagha Border
Baba Buda
Saan Sahib
Chehrta Sahib
Ram Tirath
Taran Taran
Dera Beas
Lal Dwara
Kalanaur
N
Average Mean Awareness
Score
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
16
16
31
12
5
14
35
14
17
(88.88) (94.11) (86.11) (75) (38.46) (82.35) (81.39)(77.77) (77.27)
16
15
28
5
5
13
23
16
17
(88.88) (88.23) (77.77)(31.25) (38.46) (76.47) (53.48)(88.88) (77.27)
15
14
19
7
5
12
23
11
14
(83.33) (82.35) (52.77)(43.75) (38.46) (70.58) (53.48)(61.11) (63.63)
15
14
24
5
8
13
24
11
18
(83.33) (82.35) (66.66)(31.25) (61.53) (76.47) (55.81)(61.11) (81.81)
17
16
33
13
10
16
35
18
20
(94.44) (94.11) (91.66)(81.25) (76.92) (94.11) (81.39) (100) (90.90)
11
7
14
3
7
8
20
6
8
(61.11) (41.17) (38.88)(18.75) (53.84) (47.05) (46.51)(33.33) (36.36)
8
9
12
1
1
5
13
5
8
(44.44) (52.94) (33.33) (6.25) (7.69) (29.41) (30.23)(27.77) (36.36)
9
11
19
3
3
8
19
6
12
(50) (64.70) (52.77)(18.75) (23.07 (47.05) (44.18)(33.33) (54.54)
12
9
17
8
1
11
13
12
11
(66.66) (52.94) (47.22) (50) (7.69) (64.70) (30.23)(66.66) (50)
13
14
25
12
3
11
27
16
13
(72.22) (82.35) (69.44) (75) (23.07) (64.70) (62.79)(88.88) (59.09)
8
8
16
12
4
7
17
14
10
(44.44) (47.05) (44.44) (75) (30.76) (41.17) (39.53)(77.77) (45.45)
5
6
10
3
7
3
9
5
(27.77) (35.29) (27.77)(18.75)
(41.17) (6.97) (50) (22.72)
3
3
2
1
2
1
3
3
(16.66) (17.64) (5.55) (6.25)
(11.76) (2.32) (16.66) (13.63)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
0.63 0.64 0.53 0.41 0.31 0.57 0.45 0.60 0.54
Total
80
(80)
69
(69)
60
(60)
66
(66)
89
(89)
42
(42)
31
(31)
45
(45)
47
(47)
67
(67)
48
(48)
24
(24)
9
(9)
100
0.52
Note: Percentages are more than hundred because of multiple choices.
Regarding awareness about places around Amritsar, Table 6.59
highlights that a vast majority of the respondents (89%) are aware
about Wagha Border followed by Baba Bakala (80%), Khandur Sahib
(69%),Taran Taran (67%), Goindwal Sahib (66%), Damdama Sahib
(60%), Dera Beas (48%), Ram Tirath (47%), Chehrta Sahib (45%), Baba
Buda (42%), Saan Sahib (31%), Lal Dawara (24%),and Kalanour (9%).
Education–wise, the table shows that a vast majority of the respondents
irrespective of their educational categories are aware about Wagha
Boarder, Baba
Bakala(except category
E5), Khandur Sahib
and
Damdama Sahib (except category E4 & E5 each), Goindwal Sahib(except
category E4) and Taran Taran (except category E5). Further, 75 per cent
of the respondents from category E4 are aware about Dera Beas
whereas 40-70 per cent of the respondents (except category E5) are
aware about Ram Tirath. Similarly, 64.70 per cent of the respondents
from category E2 followed by categories E3 (52.77%) and E1 (50%) are
aware about Chehrta Sahib while 52.94 per cent of the respondents
from category E2 are aware about Saan Sahib. Moreover, 61.11 per cent
of the respondents from category E1 are aware about Baba Buda. 35.29
per cent of the respondents from category E2 are aware about Lal
Dawara and almost 17 per cent of the respondents from category E1
and E2 are aware about Kalanaur. Further, the table shows that the
total mean awareness level of the respondents is 0.52. Category-wise
the mean awareness score has been the highest for category E 2 (0.64)
followed by categories E1 (0.63), E3 (0.53), E4 (0.41) and E5 (0.31). This
clearly indicates that awareness level of the respondents has decreased
with level of their education (except category E2). Pilgrim-wise the table
shows that a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their
pilgrim categories are aware about Wagha Boarder, Baba Bakala,
Khandur Sahib, Damdama Sahib, Goindwal Sahib, Taran Taran, and
Ram Tirath (except category T2). Further, 77.77 per cent of the
respondents from category T3 are aware about Dera Beas. Further, 50
per cent of the respondents from the same category are aware about Lal
Dawara. Similarly, 30-50 per cent of the respondents are aware about
Baba Buda. However, 54.54 per cent of the respondents from category
T4 are aware about Chehrata Sahib and 36.36 per cent of the
respondents from the same category are aware about Saan Sahib. 16.66
per cent of the respondents from category T3 are aware about Kalanaur.
Category-wise the mean awareness score has been the highest for
category T3 (0.60) followed by categories T1 (0.57), T4 (0.54) and T2 (0.45).
This clearly indicates that awareness level of the respondents regarding
places around Amritsar is quite low.
To know the places visited by the respondents in and around
Amritsar, the respondents were asked for the same. The responses of
the respondents in this regard have been given in Table-6.60.
Table-6.60
Places Visited by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Places Visited
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
10
22
14
6
10
24
15
14
Durgyana Mandir 11
(61.11) (58.82) (61.11) (87.5) (46.15) (58.82) (55.81)(83.33) (63.63)
16
16
36
16
12
16
40
18
22
Jaliawala Baag
(88.88) (94.11) (100) (100) (92.30) (94.11) (93.02) (100) (100)
6
8
12
8
1
8
10
9
8
Ram Tirath
(33.33) (47.05) (33.33) (50) (7.69) (47.05) (23.25) (50) (36.36)
17
16
33
13
10
16
35
18
20
Wagha Border
(94.44) (94.11) (91.66)(81.25) (76.92) (94.11) (81.39) (100) (90.90)
7
5
18
4
2
9
14
4
9
Company Baag
(38.88) (29.41) (50) (25) (15.38) (52.94) (32.55)(22.22) (40.90)
7
16
3
6
10
22
5
7
Gurudwara Sahida 12
(66.66) (41.17) (44.44)(18.75) (46.15) (58.82) (51.16)(27.77) (31.81)
6
4
7
3
1
6
13
1
1
Baba Bakala
(33.33) (23.52) (19.44)(18.75) (7.69) (35.29) (30.23) (5.55) (4.54)
6
4
5
3
5
10
2
1
Khandur Sahib
(33.33) (23.52) (13.88)
(23.07) (29.41) (23.25)(11.11) (4.54)
6
3
5
3
1
1
12
3
2
Damdama Sahib
(33.33) (17.64) (13.88)(18.75) (7.69) (5.88) (27.90)(16.66) (9.09)
5
6
5
1
6
3
13
2
5
Goindwal Sahib
(27.77) (35.29) (13.88) (6.25) (46.15) (17.64) (30.23)(11.11) (22.72)
9
10
10
9
5
4
18
12
9
Taran Taran
(50) (58.82) (27.77)(56.25) (38.46) (23.52) (41.86)(66.66) (40.90)
5
6
9
2
4
2
17
1
6
Baba Buda
(27.77) (35.29) (25) (12.5) (30.76) (11.76) (39.53) (5.55) (27.27)
5
3
4
1
10
1
Saan Sahib
(27.77) (17.64) (11.11)
(5.88) (23.25) (5.55)
5
3
3
2
1
9
1
2
Chehrta Sahib
(27.77) (17.64) (8.33)
(15.38) (5.88) (20.93) (5.55) (9.09)
6
4
10
1
3
2
10
8
4
Dera Beas
(33.33) (23.52) (27.77) (6.25) (23.07) (11.76) (23.25)(44.44) (18.18)
1
2
2
1
3
2
1
Lal Dawara
(5.55) (11.76) (5.55) (6.25)
(17.64) (4.65) (5.55)
1
1
1
1
Kalanaur
(5.88) (2.77)
(5.88)
(4.54)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
N
Total
63
(63)
96
(96)
35
(35)
89
(89)
36
(36)
44
(44)
21
(21)
18
(18)
18
(18)
23
(23)
43
(43)
26
(26)
12
(12)
13
(13)
24
(24)
6
(6)
2
(2)
100
Note: Percentages are more than hundred because of multiple choices.
Table-6.60 shows that a vast majority of the respondents have
visited Jaliwala Baag (96%), followed by Wagha Border (89%), Durgyana
Mandir (63%), Gurudwara Sahida (44%), Taran Taran (43%) Company
Bag (36%) Ram Tirath (35%), Baba Buda (26%), Dera Beas (24%),
Goindwal Sahib (23%), Baba Bakala (21%),Khandur Sahib (18%),
Damdama Sahib (18%), Chehrta Sahib (13%), Saan Sahib (12%), Lal
Dawara (6%), and Kalanaur (2%). Education-wise the table reveals that
a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their educational
categories have visited Jaliawala Baag, Wagha Boarder and Durgyana
Mandir (46.15% from category E5). Further, 66.66 per cent of the
respondents from category E1 and almost 45 per cent of the
respondents from categories E3 and E5 have visited Gurudwara Sahida.
50-60 per cent of the respondents (except category E3 and E5) have
visited Taran Taran. However, 50 per cent of the respondents from
category E4 followed by category E2 (47.05%) have visited Ram Tirath.
Similarly, 50 per cent of the respondents from category E3 have visited
Company Baag whereas 46.15 per cent of the respondents from
category E5 have visited Goindwal Sahib. Further, an equal number of
the respondents from category E1 (33.33%) have visited Baba Bakala,
Khandur Sahib, Damdama Sahib and Dera Beas. 25-30 per cent of the
respondents(except category E4) have visited Baba Buda and an equal
number of the respondents from category E1 (27.77%) have visited Saan
Sahib and Cheerta Sahib. The percentage share of the respondents who
have visited Lal Dawara and Kalanaur is negligible irrespective of their
educational categories. Pilgrims-wise, a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their pilgrim categories have visited Jaliawala Baag,
Wagha Border and Durgyana Mandir. Further, 50 per cent of the
respondents from category T3 followed by T1(47.05%) have visited Ram
Tirath whereas 66.66 per cent of the respondents from category T3 and
almost 40 per cent of the respondents from categories T2 and T4 have
visited Taran Taran. However, a large number of respondents from
category T1 have visited Company Baag (52.94%), Gurudwara Sahida
(58.82%), Baba Bakala (35.29%) Khandur Sahib (29.41%) and Lal
Dawara (17.64%). Similarly, a large number of the respondents from
category T2 have visited Damdama Sahib (27.90%) Goindwal Sahib
(30.23%) Saan Sahib (23.25%) and Chehrta Sahib (20.93%). 44.44 per
cent of the respondents from category T3 have visited Dera Bias. The
percentage share of the respondents who have visited Kalanaur
irrespective of their educational category is negligible.
Package Tour
To visit nearby places in Amritsar a package tour facility is
available. To know the awareness level of the respondents regarding
package tour and whether they have availed this facility or not, and
their satisfaction level, they were asked for the same. The educationwise pilgrim-wise responses of the respondents have been presented in
Tables 6.61, and 6.62.
Table-6.61
Awareness About Package Tour
Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution
Awareness About
Package Tour
Yes
No
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
16
14
31
12
7
13
31
17
19
(88.88) (82.35) (86.11) (75) (53.84)(76.47) (72.09) (94.44) (86.36)
2
3
5
4
6
4
12
1
3
(11.11) (17.64) (13.88) (25) (46.15)(23.52) (27.90) (5.55) (13.63)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
Total
80
(80)
20
(20)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories =7.59, d.f. = 4,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim-categories =4.71, d.f. = 3,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Table-6.61 shows that 80 per cent of the respondents are aware
about package tour. Education-wise, the table shows that 88.88 per
cent of the respondents from category E1 followed by categories E3
(86.11%), E2 (82.35%), E4 (75%), and E5 (53.84%) are aware about
package tour. Further, 46.15 per cent of the respondents from category
E5 are not aware about package tour. The Chi-square value at 5 per
cent level of significance shows that no significant differences exist
among the respondents belonging to the different educational categories
with respect to their awareness about package tour. Pilgrim-wise, a vast
majority of respondents irrespective of their pilgrim categories are aware
about package tour. Further, 10-30 per cent of the respondents (except
category T3) are not aware about package tour. The Chi-square value at
5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant differences
exist among the respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories
with respect to their awareness about package tour.
Table-6.62
Package Tour Availed by the Respondents
Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution
Package Tour Availed
Yes
No
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
13
8
15
8
3
7
21
11
8
47
(81.25) (57.14)(48.38) (66.66) (42.85) (53.84)(67.74) (64.70) (42.10) (58.75)
3
6
16
4
4
6
10
6
11
33
(18.75) (42.85)(51.61) (33.33) (57.14) (46.15)(32.25) (35.29) (57.89) (41.25)
16
14
31
12
7
13
31
17
19
80
Chi-square value for educational categories =5.77, d.f. = 4,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =3.58, d.f. = 3,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Further, Table-6.62 indicates that out of 80 respondents who are
aware about the package tour, 58.75 per cent have availed package tour
facility
followed
by
those
who
have
not
availed
this
facility
(41.25%).Education-wise, the table shows that a vast majority of
respondents from categories E1 (81.25), E4 (66.66%) and E2 (57.14%)
have availed package tour. However, 57.14 per cent of the respondents
from category E5 followed by categories E3 (51.61%) and E2 (42.85%)
have not availed package tour. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level
of significance shows that no significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to the different educational categories with
respect to the package tour availed by the respondents. Pilgrim-wise,
50-70 per cent of the respondents (except category T4) have availed
package tour. Further, 57.89 per cent of the respondents from category
T4 followed by category T1 (46.15%) are those who have not availed
package tour. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance
shows that no significant differences exist among the respondents
belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to the package
tour availed by the respondents. Further, in a response to a query the
majority of the respondents irrespective of their category are satisfied
with package tour facility.
Awareness and Events Visited by the Respondents
Different events namely Diwali, Baisakhi, Gurupurb, Sankrat
and Amavas are held in Golden Temple. A large number of people visit
these events. In response to a query form respondents it is evident that
a majority of the respondents irrespective of their categories are aware
of Diwali, Baisakhi, Sankranti and Amavas. Further, majority of these
who are aware have visited Golden Temple on Gupurab and Baisakhi.
Shopping Behaviour of the Respondents
Amritsar is popular for different types of goods like shawls,
clothes, blankets, vadi-papad, and pickle jelly etc. Visitors buy these
things according to their convenience. To know the shopping behaviour
of the respondents they were asked whether they had shopping at
Amritsar. Further, those having shopping in the city were asked to
specify the kind of goods purchased by them. Their education-wise and
pilgrim-wise responses in this respect have been presented in Tables
6.63 and 6.64.
Table-6.63
Shopping Behaviour of the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Shopping at
Amritsar
Yes
No
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
16
16
32
16
13
15
40
18
20
(88.9) (93.8) (88.9) (100) (100) (88.23) (93.02) (100)(90.90)
2
1
4
2
3
2
(11.1) (6.3) (11.1)
(11.76) (6.97)
(9.09)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
Chi-square value for educational categories =3.61, d.f. = 4,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =2.09, d.f. =3,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Total
93
(93)
7
(7)
100
Table-6.63 shows that 93 per cent of the respondents have gone
for shopping at Amritsar. Further, a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their educational and pilgrim categories have gone for
shopping at Amritsar. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that no significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to different educational categories and pilgrim
categories with respect to respondents shopping behaviour.
Table-6.64
Kind of Goods Purchased by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Goods Preferred(Shopping)
Clothes
Jewellry
Dry Fruits
Religious Goods
Eatables
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
16
13
30
15
7
15
31
18
14
(100) (81.25) (93.75) (93.75) (53.75) (100) (77.5) (100) (70)
4
3
11
6
1
6
11
4
4
(25) (18.75) (34.37) (37.5) (7.69) (40) (27.5)(22.22) (20)
1
3
6
1
2
3
2
2
6
(6.25) (18.75) (18.75) (6.25) (15.38) (20) (5) (11.11) (30)
16
16
32
14
7
15
36
18
20
(100) (100) (100) (87.5) (53.75) (100) (90) (100) (100)
16
15
24
7
6
15
25
14
14
(100) (93.75) (75) (43.75) (46.15) (100) (62.5)(77.77) (70)
16
16
32
16
13
15
40
18
20
Total
82
(88.17)
25
(26.88)
13
(13.97)
88
(94.62)
69
(74.19)
93
Note: Percentages are more than hundred because of multiple choices.
Table-6.64 reveals that 94.62 per cent of the respondents have
purchased
religious
goods
followed
by
clothes
(88.17%),
eatables(74.19%), Jewellry(26.88%) and dry fruits (13.97% ).Educationwise, the table shows that a vast majority of respondents irrespective of
their educational categories have purchased religious goods, clothes
and eatables(except categories E4 and E5). Further, 37.5 per cent of the
respondents from category E4 followed by categories E3 (34.37%) and E1
(25%) have purchased jewellry. However, 15-20 per cent of the
respondents from categories E2, E3 and E5 have purchased dry fruits.
Pilgrim-wise, the table shows that a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their category have purchased religious goods, clothes
and eatables. Further, 40 per cent of the respondents from category T1
and 20-30 per cent of the respondents from categories T2, T3 and T4
have purchased jewellry. Similarly, 30 per cent of the respondents from
category T4 followed by category T1 (20%) have purchased dry fruits.
Further, in response to a query a vast majority of the
respondents irrespective of their educational and pilgrim categories
have taken bath in the Holy Sarovar at Golden Temple.
Problems Faced by the Respondents
Visitors
accommodation,
face
different
food,
types
parking,
of
drinking
problems
water,
related
with
transportation,
shopping and bathing, cloak room and shoe keeping while visiting
Golden Temple. The main problems faced by the respondents while
visiting Golden Temple have been analysed education-wise and
pilgrims-wise in Table 6.65.
Table-6.65
Problems Faced by the Respondents in Golden Temple
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Problems Accommodation
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
Non Availability
9
15
31
12
9
12
30
13
21
76
(100) (88.23) (96.87) (100) (75) (92.30) (85.71) (100) (100) (92.68)
Lack of cleanliness
1
2
7
1
1
3
4
1
4
12
(11.11) (11.76) (21.87) (8.33) (8.33) (23.07) (11.42) (7.69) (19.04) (14.63)
Problem in Room Reservations 8
6
12
5
6
8
12
9
8
37
(88.88) (35.29) (37.5) (41.66) (50) (61.53) (34.28)(69.23) (38.09) (44.12)
Limited Days for Stay
6
6
3
3
2
5
9
4
2
20
(66.66) (35.29) (9.37) (25) (16.66) (38.46) (25.71)(30.76) (9.52) (24.39)
N
9
17
32
12
12
13
35
13
21
82
Parking
Lack of Space
7
4
4
1
5
3
6
15
(100) (80) (80) (100) (83.33) (100) (85.71) (88.23)
Lack of Security
1
1
1
1
2
(20) (20)
(16.67)
(14.29) (11.77)
N
7
5
5
1
6
3
7
17
Transportation
Overcrowding in Buses
9
8
13
11
3
10
22
5
7
44
(50) (47.05) (36.11)(68.75) (23.07) (58.82) (51.16)(27.77) (31.81) (44)
Inadequate Bus Services
5
8
8
4
2
6
10
6
5
27
(27.77) (47.05) (22.22) (25) (15.38) (35.29) (23.25)(33.33) (22.72) (27)
High Tariff
5
13
15
16
12
27
3
7
49
(27.77) (76.47) (41.66) (100)
(70.58) (62.79)(16.66) (31.81) (49)
N
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
100
Sanitation
Less Toilets for Males
7
9
12
4
3
9
8
8
10
35
Lack of Cleanliness
Less Toilets for Females
Improper Lighting
N
Drinking Water
Less Number of Taps
Lack of Cleanliness
Lack of Filtered Water
N
Shopping
High Rate
Lack of Variety
Over Crowding in the
Market
N
Bathing
Lack of Ladies bathrooms
Overcrowding
Lack of Safety
N
Shoe Keeping
Improper Sitting
Arrangement
Misbehaving by Sewadars
Less Number Racks
Less Number of Washbasins
N
Cloak Room
Lack of Security
Non-availability
Overcrowding
Improper Lighting
N
(50) (21.42)(44.44)(28.57) (37.5) (60) (26.66)(47.05)(66.66)(45.45)
11
10
22
12
6
11
25
14
11
61
(78.57) (71.42) (81.48)(85.71) (75) (73.33) (83.33)(82.35) (73.33) (79.22)
6
10
16
2
5
10
8
11
10
39
(42.85) (71.42) (59.25)(14.28) (62.5) (66.66) (26.66)(64.70) (66.66) (50.64)
2
3
1
2
2
4
1
1
8
(14.28) (21.42) (3.70) (14.28)
(13.33) (13.33) (5.88) (6.66) (10.38)
14
14
27
14
8
15
30
17
15
77
4
6
11
8
5
3
14
9
8
34
(25) (35.29) (32.35)(53.33) (41.66) (18.75) (34.14)(52.94) (40) (36.17)
8
12
8
4
4
10
9
16
6
36
(50) (70.58) (23.52)(26.66) (33.33) (62.5) (21.95)(94.11) (30) (38.29)
2
3
12
7
7
11
7
6
24
(11.76) (8.82) (80) (58.33) (43.75) (26.82)(41.17) (30) (25.53)
16
17
34
15
12
16
41
17
20
94
10
6
16
3
4
11
9
12
7
39
(62.5) (37.5) (50) (18.75) (30.76) (73.33) (22.5) (66.66) (35) (41.93)
6
4
7
3
2
8
7
4
3
22
(37.5) (25) (21.87)(18.75) (15.38) (53.33) (17.5) (22.22) (15) (23.65)
7
12
23
13
6
9
25
14
13
61
(43.75) (75) (71.87)(81.25) (46.15) (60) (62.5) (77.77) (65) (65.59)
15
40
18
20
93
16
16
32
16
13
7
3
5
2
2
8
3
5
3
19
(41.17) (20) (15.15)(16.66) (15.38) (53.33) (8.10) (29.41) (14.28) (21.11)
10
11
21
8
4
10
16
15
13
54
(58.82) (73.33) (63.63)(66.66) (30.76) (66.66) (43.24)(88.23) (61.90) (60)
8
6
10
3
6
8
7
6
27
(47.05) (40) (30.30) (25)
(40) (21.62)(41.17) (28.57) (30)
17
15
33
12
13
15
37
17
21
90
4
11
21
9
6
7
21
10
13
51
(30.76) (78.57) (77.77)(81.81) (75) (50) (75) (58.82) (92.85) (69.86)
5
5
4
4
12
1
5
18
(35.71) (18.51)(36.36) (50)
(42.85) (5.88) (35.71) (24.65)
10
9
8
4
4
9
13
8
5
35
(76.92) (64.28) (29.67)(36.36) (50) (64.28) (46.42)(47.05) (35.71) (47.94)
2
2
2
1
5
2
7
(14.28) (7.40) (18.18) (12.5)
(17.85)(11.76)
(9.58)
13
14
27
11
8
14
28
17
14
73
5
(50)
6
(60)
4
(40)
5
(50)
10
5
5
(45.45) (31.25)
6
9
(54.54) (56.25)
7
6
(63.63) (37.5)
5
5
(45.45) (31.25)
11
16
2
(40)
2
(40)
4
(80)
1
(20)
5
5
(71.42)
1
(14.28)
6
(85.71)
1
(14.28)
7
5
9
4
4
(50) (50) (36.36) (40)
4
8
8
4
(40) (44.44)(72.72) (40)
4
14
5
4
(40) (77.77)(45.45) (40)
6
5
4
2
(60) (27.77)(36.36) (20)
10
18
11
10
22
(44.89)
24
(48.97)
27
(55.10)
17
(34.69)
49
Accommodation
82 respondents who have stayed in Amritsar have highlighted
some problems regarding accommodation as shown in Table 6.65. The
table shows that 92.68 per cent of the respondents have faced problem
of non availability followed by problem in reservation (44.12%), limited
days for stay (24.39%) and lack of cleanliness (14.63%). Education-wise
a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their educational
category have faced the problems of non-availability. Further, 88.88 per
cent of the respondents from category E1 and 30-50 per cent of the
respondents from categories E2, E3, E4 and E5 have faced the problem
regarding reservation of accommodation. However, 66.66 per cent of the
respondents from category E1 have reported the problem of limited days
of stay whereas 21.87 per cent of the respondents from category E3
have highlighted the problem of lack of cleanliness. Pilgrim-wise the
table shows that a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their
pilgrim categories have faced problems of non-availability and problem
in reservation (except categories T2 and T4). Further, 38.46 per cent of
the respondents from category T1 have faced the problem regarding
limited days for stay whereas 23.07 per cent of the respondents from
category T1 have highlighted the problem of lack of cleanliness.
Parking
17 respondents who have used their own vehicles to visit Golden
Temple have highlighted some problems regarding parking as shown in
Table 6.64. The table shows that a large number of the respondents
have complained regarding lack of parking space (88.23%) and lack of
security (11.77%). Education-wise, a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their educational categories have faced problems due to
lack of parking space. Further, an equal number of the respondents
(20%) from categories E4 and E5 have complained regarding lack of
security. Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of
their pilgrim categories have faced problems due to lack of parking
space. Further, 16.67 per cent of the respondents from category T2
followed by T4 (14.29%) have complained regarding lack of security.
Transportation
All the respondents who have visited Golden Temple through
public
transport
have
highlighted
some
problems
regarding
transportation as shown in Table 6.65. The table shows that 49 per
cent of the respondents have faced high tariff problem followed by over
crowding (44%) and inadequate bus services (27%). Education-wise, the
table indicates that all the respondents from category E4 have faced
problem of high tariff followed by categories E2 (76.47%), E3 (41.66%),
and E1 (27.77%). Similarly, 68.75 per cent of the respondents from
category E4 followed by category E1 (50%) have complained regarding
over crowding. Further, an equal number of the respondents from
category E2 (47.05%) have highlighted the problems of over crowding
and inadequate bus services. Pilgrim-wise, Table 6.65 shows that 70.58
per cent of the respondents from categories T1 followed by category T2
(62.79%) have highlighted the problem of high tariff. Further, 58.82 per
cent of the respondents from category T1 followed by category T2
(51.16%) have complained regarding over crowding. 20-40 per cent of
the respondents have faced the problem of inadequate bus services.
Sanitation
Regarding sanitation, 79.22 per cent of the respondents have
reported regarding lack of cleanliness in toilets. Further, 50.64 per cent
of the respondents have complained regarding less number of toilets for
females. 45.45 per cent of the respondents have pointed out the
problem of less number of toilets for males. Moreover, 10.38 per cent of
the respondents have reported regarding improper lighting. Educationwise, majority of
respondents irrespective of their educational
categories have complained regarding lack of cleanliness and less
number of toilets for females (except category E 4). 50 per cent of the
respondents from category E1 followed by category E3 (44.44%) and E5
(37.5%) have pointed out regarding problem of less number of toilets for
males. Further, 21.42 per cent of the respondents from category E2
have complained regarding improper lighting. Pilgrim-wise, a majority of
respondents irrespective of their category have reported regarding lack
of cleanliness in toilets, less number of toilets for females (except
category T2) and less toilets for males (except category T2 and T3).
Further, an equal number of the respondents (13.33%) from categories
T1 and T2 have complained regarding improper lighting.
Drinking Water
Providing drinking water to tourists remains a big challenge for
the managers of a pilgrimage site. All the respondents who have visited
Golden Temple have highlighted some problems regarding drinking
water. The table shows that a majority of respondents have pointed out
the problems of lack of cleanliness near taps (38.29%), less number of
taps (36.17%) and lack of filtered water (25.53%). Education-wise, 80
per cent of the respondents from category E4 followed by E5 (58.33%)
have faced the problems regarding filtered water whereas 25-55 per
cent of the respondents have pointed out the problem of less number of
taps. Further, majority of the respondents from categories E2 (70.58%)
and E1 (50%) have highlighted the problem of lack of cleanliness near
taps. Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of respondents from categories T3
(94.11%) and T1 (62.5%) have complained regarding lack of cleanliness
near taps. Further majority of the respondents from categories T2, T3
and T4 have complained regarding less number of taps whereas almost
42 per cent of the respondents from category T1 and T3 have highlighted
the problem of lack of filtered water.
Shopping
Amritsar is a popular shopping centre and people visiting the city
generally have shopping here. In response to the query regarding
shopping, 93 respondents who have visited Golden Temple have
highlighted some problems regarding shopping. The table depicts that
65.59 per cent of the respondents have faced the problem of
overcrowding. 41.93 per cent of the respondents have communicated
regarding the problem of high rates and 23.65 per cent of the
respondents have highlighted the problem of lack of variety in products.
Education-wise the table shows that a vast majority of the respondents
irrespective of their educational categories have pointed out regarding
over crowding in markets (except category E1). Further, 62.5 per cent of
the respondents from category E1 and above 30 per cent of the
respondents from categories E2, E3 and E5 have quoted regarding high
rate. However, 37.5 per cent of the respondents from category E1 and
15-25 per cent of the respondents from categories E2, E3, E4 and E5
have reported the problem of lack of variety in products. Pilgrim-wise
the table shows that a majority of the respondents have highlighted
regarding problems of overcrowding and high rate (except category T2
and T4). Further, 53.33 per cent of the respondents from category T1
and 15-25 per cent of the respondents from categories T2, T3 and T4
have complained regarding lack of variety products.
Bathing Problems
Taking dip in the Holy Sarovar at Golden Temple is an important
ritual. It is most preferable ritual among Sikhs visiting Golden Temple
for getting salvation. So a large number of people perform this act. In a
query from respondents, an attempt has been made to know the nature
of problems faced by the respondents. Table 6.65 depicts educationwise and pilgrims-wise responses in this regard respectively. The table
shows that a vast majority of respondents (60%) have complained
regarding over crowding followed by lack of safety (30%) and lack of
ladies’ bathrooms (21.11%). Education-wise, the table shows that a vast
majority of respondents irrespective of their educational categories have
complained regarding over crowding. Further, 47.05 per cent of the
respondents from category E1 followed by categories E2 (40%) and E3
(30.30%) have highlighted the problems of lack of safety. 41.17 per cent
of the respondents from category E1 have highlighted the problem of
lack of ladies bathrooms. Pilgrim-wise, the table shows that most of the
respondents from category T3 (88.23%) followed by categories T1
(66.66%), T4 (61.90%) and T2 (43.24%) have complained regarding over
crowding. Further, 53.33 per cent of the respondents from category T 1
have highlighted the problem of lack of ladies bathrooms. However,
41.17 per cent of the respondents from category T3 followed by
categories T1 (40%) and T4 (28.57%) have complained regarding lack of
safety.
Shoe Keeping Problem
It is necessary for every person to put off their shoes while
entering Golden Temple. So a particular place has been provided for
this purpose. In a query from respondents, an attempt has been made
to know the nature of problems faced by the respondents in this
regards. Table 6.65 depicts education-wise and pilgrims-wise responses
in this regard. The table highlights that a vast majority of respondents
(69.86%) have complained regarding improper sitting arrangements
followed by less number of racks (47.94%), misbehaving by sewadars
(24.65%) and less number of wash basins (9.58%). Education-wise, the
table shows that a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
educational categories have complained regarding improper sitting
arrangement (except category E1). Further, 76.92 per cent of the
respondents from category E1 followed by categories E2 (64.28%),
E5(50%), E4(36.36%) and E3(29.69%) have reported the problem of less
number of racks. Moreover, 50 per cent of the respondents from
category E5 and an equal number of the respondents from categories E2
and E4 (36.36%) have highlighted the problem of misbehaving by
sewadars. However, 18.18 per cent of the respondents from category E 4
have complained regarding less number of wash basins. Pilgrim-wise
Table 6.65 reveals that a vast majority of respondents from categories
T4 (92.85%), T2 (75%), T3 (58.82%) and T1 (50%) have complained
regarding improper sitting arrangements. Further, 64.28 per cent of the
respondents from category T1 and above 35 per cent of the respondents
from other categories have reported the problem of less number of
racks. 42.85 per cent of the respondents from category T2 have
highlighted the problem of misbehaving by sewadars whereas 17.85 per
cent of the respondents from category T2 have complained regarding
less number of wash basins.
Cloak Room Problem
In a query from respondents regarding problems faced by them it
has been found that a vast majority of respondents (55.10%) have faced
the problem of over crowdedness followed by non availability (48.97%),
lack of security (44.89%) and improper lighting (34.69%). Educationwise, Table a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their
educational category have faced the problem of over crowding (except
category E1 and E3). Further, 40-60 per cent of the respondents from
categories E1, E2, E3 and E4 have complained regarding non availability
of cloak room whereas majority of the respondents from categories E 5
(71.42%), E1 (50%) and E2 (45.45%) have highlighted the problem of
lack of security. However, 50 per cent of the respondents from category
E1 have complained regarding improper lighting. Pilgrim-wise, 77.77 per
cent of the respondents from category T2 have faced the problem of over
crowding whereas 72.72 per cent of the respondents from category T3
have highlighted the problem of non-availability of cloak room.
Similarly, 60 per cent of the respondents from category T1 have reported
the problem of improper lighting. An equal number of respondents
(50%) from category T1 have highlighted the problems of lack of
security.
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Other Factors
Table-6.66 shows the opinion of the respondents regarding some
important factors related with pilgrimage to Golden Temple.
Table-6.66
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Other Factors
(Frequency Distribution)
Factors
Rating Scores
Strongly Agree Neither Agree Disagree Strongly
Agree
Nor Disagree
Disagree
Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in
29
20
5
34
12
Golden Temple
(29) (20)
(5)
(34)
(12)
There is lack of cleanliness in Golden Temple
3
5
15
30
47
(3)
(5)
(15)
(30)
(47)
Large number of beggars near religious site irritate
50
35
11
4
tourists a lot
(50) (35)
(11)
(4)
(00)
Non-availability of tourist guide affects tourists’
31
38
23
5
3
experience
(31) (38)
(23)
(5)
(3)
Attitude of police is not very supportive
18
37
27
6
12
(18) (37)
(27)
(6)
(12)
Behaviour of sevadars is very irritating in Golden
28
32
18
15
7
Temple
(28) (32)
(18)
(15)
(7)
Attitude of local people is not supportive
9
19
28
27
17
(9)
(19)
(28)
(27)
(17)
People face problems due to over crowding of buses 40
38
15
2
5
during festivals
(40) (38)
(15)
(2)
(5)
Internet as a source of information does not provide
2
8
22
39
29
adequate information about Golden Temple
(2)
(8)
(22)
(39)
(29)
Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious
38
36
13
6
6
places hurts public sentiments
(38) (36)
(13)
(6)
(6)
Belongings of people are not safe due to high
42
21
10
14
13
incidents of theft during festivals
(42) (21)
(10)
(14)
(13)
Rooms are easily available inside Golden Temple
5
15
9
33
38
(5)
(15)
(9)
(33)
(38)
People are treated equally in room allotment inside
5
9
10
32
44
Golden Temple
(5)
(9)
(10)
(32)
(44)
People face problems due to less number of Prasad
7
17
30
21
25
shops in Golden Temple
(7)
(17)
(30)
(21)
(25)
There is lack of cleanliness in parikarama path in
12
32
27
16
13
Golden Temple
(12) (32)
(27)
(16)
(13)
People face inconvenience in parikarma due to heat
27
44
11
12
6
at noon
(27) (44)
(11)
(12)
(6)
The table reveals that majority of the respondents have
expressed their agreement regarding statements ‘Large number of
beggars near religious site irritate tourists a lot’ (85%), ‘People face
problems due to overcrowding of buses during festivals’ (78%),
‘Availability of non-vegetarian. food near religious places hurt public
sentiments’ (74%), ‘People face inconvenience in parikarma due to heat
at
noon’(71%),
Non-availability
of
tourist
guide
affects
tourists’
experience(69%), ‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high
incidents of theft during festivals’ (63%), ‘Behaviour of sevadars is very
irritating in Golden Temple’(60%) and ‘Attitude of police is not very
supportive’(55%). 49 per cent of the respondents have agreed with the
statement ‘Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in Golden
Temple’. It is followed by the respondents who have disagreed (46%) and
neither agreed nor disagreed (5%) with the statement. 44 per cent of the
respondents have agreed with the statement 77 per cent of the
respondents have disagreed with the statement ‘There is lack of
cleanliness in Golden Temple’. The remaining respondents have either
agreed (8%) or are indifferent (15%). 68 per cent of the respondents
have disagreed with the statement ‘Internet as a source of information
not provides adequate information about Golden Temple’. It is followed
by the respondents who have neither agreed nor disagreed (22%) and
agreed (10%) with the statement. 46 per cent of the respondents have
disagreed with the statement ‘People face problem due to less number of
Prasad shops in Golden Temple’. However, 24 per cent of the
respondents have agreed and 30 per cent of the respondents are
indifferent with this statement. 43 per cent of the respondents have
disagreed with the statement ‘Attitude of police is not very supportive’
which is followed by the respondents who have agreed (26%) and
neither agreed nor disagreed (31%). 76 per cent of the respondents are
disagreed about the statement ‘People are treated equally in room
allotment inside Golden Temple’ while 14 per cent have agreed and 10
per cent are indifferent. 71 per cent of the respondents have disagreed
with the statement ‘Rooms are easily available inside Golden Temple’.
However, 20 per cent have agreed and 9 per cent have indifferent with
this statement. 44 per cent of the respondents have disagreed with the
statement ‘Attitude of local people is not supportive’ whereas an equal
number of the respondents (28%) per cent have agreed or are
indifferent.
Average weighted scores have been calculated with respect to
above responses for different categories of pilgrims by assigning weight
as 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 to strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree,
disagree and strongly disagree respectively and these have been given in
Table 6.67. The table shows that respondents belonging to all the
categories have shown their agreement (average weighted score being
3.3 or above) with respect to the statements ‘Larger umber of beggars
near religious site irritate tourists a lot’(AWS=4.31), ‘Non-availability of
tourist guide affects tourists experience’ (AWS=3.89), ‘Attitude of police
is not very supportive’ (AWS=3.43), ‘Behaviour of sevadars is very
irritating in Golden Temple’ (AWS=3.59), ‘People face problem due to
over crowdedness of buses during festival’ (AWS=4.06), ‘Availability of
non-vegetarian food near religious places hurt public sentiments’
(AWS=3.96), ‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high incidents of
theft during festivals’ (AWS=3.65) and ‘People face inconvenience in
parikarma due to heat at noon’ (AWS=3.74). Further, respondents are
indifferent (average weighted score being 2.3 to 3.3) with respect to the
statements, ‘Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in Golden
Temple’ (AWS=3.2), ‘There is lack of cleanliness in parikarama path in
Golden Temple’ (AWS=3.14), ‘Attitude of local people is not supportive’
(AWS=2.76) and ‘People face problems due to less number of Prasad
shops in Golden Temple’ (AWS=2.60). Respondents belonging to all the
categories have shown their disagreement regarding statements, ‘There
is lack of cleanliness in Golden Temple’ (AWS=1.87), ‘People are treated
equally in room allotment inside Golden Temple’ (AWS=1.99), ‘Internet
as a source of information provides adequate information about Golden
Temple’ (AWS=2.15) and ‘Rooms are easily available inside Golden
Temple’ (AWS=2.16).
Education-wise, most of the respondents
irrespective of their educational categories have agreed with the
statements ‘Large umber of beggars near religious site irritate tourists
a lot’, ‘Non-availability of tourist guide affects tourists experience’,
‘Attitude of police is not very supportive’ (except category E 1), ‘Behaviour
of sevadars is very irritating in Golden Temple’ (except categories E 4 and
E5), ‘People face problem due to over crowding of buses during festival’,
‘Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious places hurt public
sentiments’ , ‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high incidents of
theft during festivals’(except categories E3 and E5) and ‘People face
inconvenience in parikarma due to heat at noon’(except category E4).
Further, respondents are indifferent about statements ‘There is lack of
cleanliness in Golden Temple’, ‘Security arrangements are not very
satisfactory in Golden Temple’(except categories E1 and E2), ‘Attitude of
local people is not supportive’(except categories E 1 and E5). However,
respondents have disagreed with the statements ‘There is lack of
cleanliness in parikarama path in Golden Temple’, ‘Rooms are easily
available inside Golden Temple’, ‘People treated equally in room
allotment inside Golden Temple’, ‘Internet as a source of information
provides adequate information about Golden Temple (except category
E2)’, and ‘People face problems due to less number of Prasad shops in
Golden Temple’ (except category E2). The Kendall’s Co-efficient of
Concordance reveals that significant concurrence of ranking (W= .810)
exist among the respondents belonging to different categories with
respect to above mentioned problems.
Table-6.67
Other Problems Faced by the Respondents at Golden Temple
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution) (AWS)
Factors
E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 T1 T2 T3 T4 Total
Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in Golden 3.553.533.253.002.623.123.473.062.86 3.2
Temple
There is lack of cleanliness in Golden Temple
1.551.712.001.502.621.711.911.502.23 1.87
Large umber of beggars near religious site irritate tourists 4.284.294.334.564.234.124.374.674.05 4.31
a lot
Non-availability of tourist guide affects tourists experience 3.833.533.834.443.923.593.984.223.68 3.89
Attitude of police is not very supportive
2.943.763.443.383.693.123.353.443.77 3.43
Behaviour of sevadars is very irritating in Golden Temple 3.674.003.812.943.153.353.603.943.45 3.59
Attitude of local people is not supportive
2.112.943.002.942.542.122.812.613.27 2.76
People face problems due to over crowdedness of buses
4.173.654.054.563.693.654.144.393.95 4.06
during festivals
Internet as a source of information not provides adequate 2.282.592.111.751.922.352.022.282.14 2.15
information about Golden Temple
Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious places 3.334.294.253.943.623.883.694.444.14 3.96
hurt public sentiments
Belongings of people’s are not safe due to high incidents of 3.784.063.254.632.852.884.193.893.00 3.65
theft during festivals
Rooms are easily available inside Golden Temple
2.282.242.032.132.312.412.421.671.86 2.16
People are treated equally in room allotment inside Golden 2.061.891.941.882.312.122.231.501.82 1.99
Temple
People face problem due to less number of Prasad shops in 2.553.122.282.692.772.352.842.502.41 2.60
Golden Temple
There is lack of cleanliness in parikarama path in Golden 3.063.413.502.502.693.122.654.003.41 3.14
Temple
People face inconvenience in parikarma due to heat at noon 4.28 5 3.782.943.774.003.194.334.14 3.74
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for educational categories (W) =
0.810, Chi-square value= 60.744, d.f. = 15, Significant at 5 per cent level of
significance.
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for pilgrim categories (W) = 0.852,
chi-square value=51.11, degree of freedom (d.f.) = 15, Significant at 5 per cent
level of significance.
Pilgrim-wise the table reveals that respondents belonging to all
the categories have shown their agreement with respect to statements
‘Large number of beggars near religious site irritate tourists a lot’, ‘Nonavailability of tourist guide affects tourists’ experience’, ‘Attitude of
police is not very supportive’(except category T1), ‘Behaviour of sevadars
is very irritating in Golden Temple’, ‘People face problems due to over
crowding of buses during festivals’, ‘Availability of non-vegetarian food
near religious places hurt public sentiments’, ‘Belongings of people are
not safe due to high incidents of theft during festivals’(except categories
T1 and T4) and ‘People face inconvenience in parikarma due to heat at
noon’(except categories T2 and T4). Further, majority of the respondents
irrespective
of
their
pilgrim
categories
are
indifferent
regarding
statements ‘Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in Golden
Temple’ and ‘There is lack of cleanliness in parikarama path at Golden
Temple’.
However, respondents have shown their disagreement
regarding statements ‘There is lack of cleanliness in Golden Temple’,
‘Attitude of local people is not supportive’, ‘Rooms are easily available
inside Golden Temple’, ‘People are treated equally in room allotment
inside Golden Temple’, ‘People face problems due to less number of
Prasad shops in Golden Temple’ and ‘Internet as a source of information
provides adequate information about Golden Temple’(except category
T1). The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance reveals that significant
concurrence of ranking (W= .852) exist among the respondents
belonging to different categories with respect to the above mentioned
problems.
Time for Darshan
Due to large number of devotees very less time is generally
available for darshan. In this regard, the respondents were asked how
much time they have got for darshan and whether this is reasonable or
not. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses in this respect have
been presented in Table-6.68.
Table-6.68
Time of Darshan
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Time for Darshan
Less Than
1 Minute
1-2 Minutes
More Than
2 Minutes
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
2
4
6
5
2
3
6
6
4
(11.11) (23.52) (16.66) (31.25)(15.38) (17.64) (13.95) (33.33)(18.18)
16
7
23
8
9
10
27
11
15
(88.88) (41.17) (63.88) (50) (69.22) (58.82) (62.78) (61.10)(68.18)
6
7
3
2
4
10
1
3
(35.29) (19.44) (18.75)(15.38) (23.52) (23.25) (5.55) (13.63)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
Total
19
(19)
63
(63)
18
(18)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories =24.69, d.f. = 12
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =10.35, d.f. = 9
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Table 6.68 indicates that majority of the respondents (63%) have
got ‘1-2 minutes’ for darshan followed by ‘less than 1 minute’ (19%) and
‘more than 2 minutes’ (18%). Education-wise, the table reveals that a
vast majority of the respondents (except category E2) have got ‘1-2
minutes’ for darshan. Further, 35.29 per cent of the respondents from
category E2 have got more than 2 minutes for darshan. 31.25 per cent
of the respondents from category E4 are those who have got less than
one minute for darshan. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance
shows
that
significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents belonging to the different educational categories with
respect to the time for darshan. Pilgrim-wise the table indicates that
68.18 per cent of the respondents from categories T4, followed by
categories T2 (62.78%), T3 (61.10%) and T1 (58.82%) have got ‘1-2
minutes’ for darshan. Further, 33.33 per cent of the respondents from
category T3 have got less than 1 minute for darshan whereas almost 23
per cent of the respondents from category T1 and T2 have got more than
2 minute for darshan. Further, 29.41 per cent of the respondents from
category T1 and 25.58 per cent of the respondents from category T2 have
got 2 minute for darshan. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that no significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to the
time for darshan.
It indicates from Table-6.69 that 60 per cent of the respondents
have viewed that time for darshan is reasonable followed by those who
have not confirmed it reasonable (25%). Further, 15 per cent of the
respondents are indifferent about this query. Education-wise the table
shows that a majority of the respondents irrespective of their
educational category have opined that darshan time is reasonable
whereas 41.17 per cent of the respondents from category E2 have
opined that darshan time is not reasonable. However, 23.07 per cent of
the respondents from category E5 are not sure about reasonableness of
darshan time. It also highlighted from the table that the respondents
who availed package tour facilities have viewed that darshan time is not
reasonable. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance
shows that no significant differences exist among the respondents
belonging to the different educational categories with respect to the
reasonableness of time for darshan.
Table-6.69
Reasonableness of Darshan Time
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Darshan Time
(Reasonable)
Yes
No
Not Sure
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
12
9
19
12
8
10
31
7
12
(66.66)(52.94) (52.77) (75) (61.53)(58.82) (72.09) (38.88) (54.54)
2
7
11
3
2
4
6
10
5
(11.11)(41.17) (30.55) (18.75) (15.38)(23.52) (13.95) (55.55) (22.72)
4
1
6
1
3
3
6
1
5
(22.22) (5.88) (16.66) (6.25) (23.07)(17.64) (13.95) (5.55) (22.72)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
Total
60
(60)
25
(25)
15
(15)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories =8.55, d.f. = 8
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =13.43, d.f. = 6
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Pilgrim-wise Table-6.69 indicates that a majority of respondents
from category T2 (72.09%), T1 (58.82%) and T4 (54.54%) have viewed
that darshan time is reasonable. Further, 55.55 per cent of the
respondents from category T3 and almost 23 per cent of the
respondents from categories T1 and T4 have opined that darshan time is
not reasonable. 22.72 per cent of the respondents from category T4
have viewed that they are not sure about reasonableness of time. The
Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that
significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different types of pilgrim categories with respect to the reasonableness
of time for darshan.
Role Played by Sewadars
Sewadars are those people who guide and manage devotees
visiting Golden Temple. To know the views of the respondents about
their role, they were asked whether they are satisfied with role played
by the sewadars. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses in this
respect have been presented in Table-6.70.
Table-6.70
Role Played by Sewadars
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Role Played by Sevadars
Yes
No
Not Sure
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
7
12
15
13
11
11
25
8
14
(38.88)(70.58) (41.66) (81.25) (84.61)(64.70) (58.13) (44.44) (63.63)
5
3
11
1
2
2
12
5
3
(27.77)(17.64) (30.55) (6.25) (15.38)(11.76) (27.90) (27.77) (13.63)
6
2
10
2
4
6
5
5
(33.33)(11.76) (27.77) (12.5)
(23.52) (13.95) (27.77) (22.27)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
Total
58
(58)
22
(22)
20
(20)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories =16.32, d.f. = 8,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =4.80, d.f. = 8,
Not significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Table-6.70 indicates that majority of the respondents (58%) are
satisfied with the role played by sewadars followed by those who are not
satisfied with role played by them (22%). Further, 20 per cent of the
respondents are not sure in this regard. Education-wise, the table
shows that 84.61 per cent of the respondents from category E5 are
satisfied with the sewadars’ role followed by categories E4 (81.25%), E2
(70.58%), E3 (41.66%) and E1 (38.88%). However, 30.55 per cent of the
respondents from category E3 are not satisfied with the role played by
the sevadars while 33.33 per cent of the respondents from category E1
are not sure in this regards. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance
shows
that
significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents belonging to the different educational categories with
respect to the role played by the sevadars. Pilgrim-wise the table shows
that a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their pilgrim
category are satisfied with the role played by the sewadars. Further,
almost 27 per cent of the respondents from category T3 are not satisfied
and not sure about the role played by the sevadars. The Chi-square
value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to the different
pilgrim categories with respect to the role played by the sevadars.
Langar Facilities
Eating langar is among one of the spiritual activities performed
by Sikhs. This shows the equal respect is given to each and every
community and caste by the Gurus. In this regard, the respondents
were asked whether they availed langar facility and type of facility
availed (if any) and level of satisfaction. Their education-wise and
pilgrim-wise responses have been presented in Tables-6.71 and 6.72.
Table-6.71
Langar Facility Availed by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Langar Facility Availed
Yes
No
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
17
15
31
15
11
15
36
18
20
(94.44) (88.23) (86.11)(93.75) (84.61) (88.23) (83.72) (100) (90.90)
1
2
5
1
2
2
7
2
(5.55) (11.76) (13.88) (6.25) (15.38) (11.76) (16.27)
(9.09)
18
17
36
16
13
17
43
18
22
Chi-square value for educational categories =1.48, d.f. = 4,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =3.54, d.f. = 3,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Total
89
(89)
11
(11)
100
Table-6.71 finds that 89 per cent of the respondents have taken
langar while visiting Golden Temple. Education-wise and pilgrim-wise
the table highlights that majority of the respondents irrespective of their
categories have availed langar facility. The Chi-square value at 5 per
cent level of significance shows that no significant differences exist
among the respondents belonging to the different educational and
pilgrim categories with respect to the langar facility availed.
Table-6.72
Type of Food Taken at Langar by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Type of Food
Tea
Lunch
Dinner
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
4
2
7
3
10
13
(23.52)(13.33)
(46.66)
(20) (27.77)
(13)
17
15
30
11
9
15
32
17
18
82
(100) (100) (96.77) (73.33) (81.81) (100) (88.88) (94.44) (90) (82)
7
6
15
11
8
8
25
5
9
47
(41.17) (40) (48.38) (73.33) (72.72)(53.33) (69.44) (27.77) (45) (47)
17
15
31
15
11
15
36
18
20
89
Note: Percentages are more than hundred because of multiple choices.
Further,
Table-6.72
highlights
that
82
per
cent
of
the
respondents have taken lunch at langar followed by those who have
taken dinner (47%) and tea (13%). Education-wise the table shows that
all the respondents from categories E1 and E2 followed by categories E3
(96.77%), E5 (81.81%) and E4 (73.33%) have taken lunch. Almost 72 per
cent of the respondents from categories E4 and E5 have also taken
dinner whereas 46.66 per cent of the respondents from category E 4
have taken tea. The table indicates that a vast majority of the
respondents irrespective of their pilgrim category have taken lunch.
Further, 69.44 per cent of the respondents from category T2 followed by
categories T1 (53.333%) and T4 (45%) have taken dinner. 27.77 per cent
of the respondents from category T2 have taken tea.
In response to other queries it was evident that a vast majority of
respondents have expressed their satisfaction with regard to langar
facility (Around 75%). However, some respondents (around 25%) have
expressed the problem of improper sitting arrangement and lack of
cleanliness. Further, around 19 per cent of the respondents have also
complained regarding behaviour of the sevadars in langar.
To know the satisfaction level of the respondents regarding
langar availed by them they were asked for the same and their
responses have been entered at five point scale. Further, it has been
revealed
that
a
vast
majority
of
the
respondents(almost
80%)
irrespective of their category have highly satisfied with langar facility.
However, almost 20 per cent of the respondents are indifferent about
langar facilities availed by them.
Role Played by Siromani Gurudwara Prabandhak Committee
Siromani Gurudwara
Prabandhak
Committee is the main
management body which directs the working of the gurudwaras in
Punjab. Golden Temple is also managed by the same. In this regard, the
respondents were asked whether they are satisfied with the role played
by the SGPC. The responses of the respondents have been divided into
three groups namely those who are satisfied, not satisfied and not sure
about the role played by the SGPC. Surprisingly, almost equal number
of responses (Around 33%) falls in each category.
Further, in response to a query, a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their educational and pilgrim category are highly satisfied
with their visit to Golden Temple.
Section-4
Kurukshetra as a land of Bhagwat Geeta is well known place in
India and outside India because the Great War of Mahabharata took
place here. Presently, this place is a famous religious site especially
during the Sun Eclipses. It is believed that all gods visit here during
sun eclipse and a dip in the sacred tank called Braham Sarovar gives
the blessings of all gods. A large number of pilgrims/tourists from all
over India visit this place during this event. But rest of the year the city
enjoys very little number of visitors in spite of the huge tourism
infrastructure and religious places. It has been observed that tourists
face several problems related with accommodation, food, sanitation and
drinking water etc. during peak time. In this section an attempt has
been made to know the awareness of pilgrims regarding important
places in and around Kurukshetra, their behaviour during visit to
Kurukshetra and problems faced by them in this pilgrimage centre.
Education-wise and Type of Pilgrim wise Distribution
Education-wise, Table-6.73 shows that 31 per cent of the
respondents surveyed belong to category E2 followed by categories E1
(30%), E3 (18%), E4 (14%) and E5 (7%). Further, pilgrim-wise, 39 per cent
of the respondents belong to category T2 that is Family. It is followed by
categories T4 (27%), T1 (20%), and T3 (14%).
Table-6.73
Education-Wise/ Pilgrim-Wise Distribution of the Respondents
Pilgrim Categories
T1
T2
T3
T4
N
Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
6
3
4
3
(6)
(3)
(4)
(3)
10
15
6
6
(10)
(15)
(6)
(6)
3
3
6
2
(3)
(3)
(6)
(2)
11
10
2
3
(11)
(10)
(2)
(3)
30
31
18
14
Total
E5
4
(4)
2
(2)
1
(1)
7
20
(20)
39
(39)
14
(14)
27
(27)
100
N represents total number of the respondents surveyed.
Figures in parenthesis in this table and tables to follow represent
percentages
Purpose of Visit
Tourists may visit a particular place due to different motivations.
In response to a query in this regard the respondents have cited
pilgrimage, leisure and other activities and performance of rituals as the
main reasons of their visit.
The education-wise and pilgrim-wise
responses of the respondents in this respect have been presented in
Table 6.74.
Table-6.74
Purpose of Visiting Kurukshetra
(Education-wise and Pilgrim-wise Distribution)
Purpose of Visit
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
Pilgrimage
29
30
17
12
7
20
37
13
25
95
(96.7) (96.7) (94.44) (85.71) (100) (100) (94.87)(92.85) (92.59) (95)
Leisure and Other Activities 1
2
5
2
2
4
2
4
2
12
(0.03) (6.45) (27.77) (14.28)(28.57) (20) (5.12) (28.57) (7.40) (12)
Rituals
10
7
5
4
4
8
11
4
7
30
(33.33) (22.58) (27.77) (28.57)(57.14) (40) (28.20)(28.57) (25.92) (30)
N
30
31
18
14
7
20
39
14
27
100
Table-6.74 reveals that a vast majority of respondents (95%) have
visited Kurukshetra for pilgrimage followed by those who have come
here for rituals (30%) and leisure and other activities (12%). Educationwise the table shows that all the respondents from categories E5
followed by categories E1 and E2 (96.7% each), E3 (94.44%) and E4
(85.71%) have visited Kurukshtra for
pilgrimage. Further, 57.14 per
cent of the respondents from category E5 followed by categories E1
(33.33%), E4 (28.57%) E3 (27.77%) and E2 (22.58%) have visited this
place to perform rituals. However, 28.57 per cent of the respondents
from category E5 followed by category E3 (27.77%) have come here for
leisure and other activities. Pilgrim-wise the table shows that a vast
majority of
respondents irrespective of their categories have visited
Kurukshtra for pilgrimage. Further, 40 per cent of the respondents from
category T1 followed category T3 (28.57%), T2 (28.2%) and T4 (25.92%)
have visited here for rituals. 28.57 per cent of the respondents from
category T3 followed by category T1 (20%) have visited this place for
leisure and other activities.
Frequency of Visit
A tourist may visit a place multiple times. It depends upon his
liking for the place and purpose of visit in many cases. Thus, an
attempt has been made to know the number of times a respondent has
visited Kurukshetra. Education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of the
respondents in this regard have been given in Table-6.75.
Table-6.75
Frequency of Visiting Kurukshetra
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Frequency of VisitEducational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
Once
5
14
7
3
0
5
9
6
9
29
(16.66) (45.16)(38.88) (21.42) (00) (25) (23.07) (42.85) (33.33) (29)
2-5 Times
16
9
7
6
5
11
17
5
10
43
(53.33) (29.03)(38.88) (42.85) (71.42) (55) (43.58) (35.71) (37.03) (43)
More than 5 Times 9
8
4
5
2
4
13
3
8
28
(30) (25.80)(22.22) (35.71) (28.57) (20) (33.33) (21.42) (29.62) (28)
N
30
31
18
14
7
20
39
14
27
100
Chi-square value for educational categories = 11.42, d.f. = 8, Not-significant at 5 per cent
level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 3.63, d.f. = 6, Not-significant at 5 per cent level
of significance
Table-6.75 highlights that 43 per cent of the respondents have
visited Kurukshetra 2-5 times. It is followed by those who have visited
once (29%) and more than 5 times (28%). Education-wise, the table
reveals that 71.42 per cent of the respondents from category E5 followed
by categories E1 (53.33%), E4 (42.85%), E3 (38.88%) and E2 (29.03%)
have visited Kurukshetra 2-5 times. Further 45.16 per cent of the
respondents from category E2 followed by category E3 (38.88%) have
visited once. Comparatively, a large number of
respondents from
category E4 (35.71%) followed by categories E1 (30%) and E5 (28.57%)
have visited more than 5 times. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level
of significance shows that no significant behavioural differences exist
among the respondents belonging to different educational categories
with respect to their frequency of visit. Pilgrim-wise, the table indicates
that 55 per cent of the respondents from category T1 followed by
categories T2 (43.58%) and T4 (37.03%) have visited Kurukshetra 2-5
times. Similarly 42.85 per cent of the respondents from category T3
have visited only once. Around 30 per cent of the respondents from
category T2 and T4 have visited more than 5 times. The Chi-square
value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to the different
categories of pilgrims with respect to their frequency of visit.
In an other query relating to awareness of tourists about
religious and historical importance of Kurukshetra, it has been found
that all the respondents irrespective of their educational category and
pilgrim category are aware of it.
Awareness about Religious 48 Kosas Area
Kurukshetra is the place where the battle of Mahabharata took
place. The area in which this battle was fought is 48 kosas area
(including Jind, Karnal, Panipat and Kurukshetra) and has special
significance for pilgrims.
To
know
the awareness level of the
respondents they were asked about 48 kosas area. Table-6.76 gives
education-wise and pilgrims-wise responses in this regard.
Table-6.76
Awareness of 48 Kosas Area Among the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
48 Kosas Area
Yes
No
N
Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
15
11
10
8
6
(50) (35.48) (55.55)(57.14) (85.71)
15
20
8
6
1
(30) (64.51) (44.44)(42.85) (14.28)
30
31
18
14
7
Pilgrim Categories
T1
T2
T3
T4
11
16
8
15
(55) (41.02) (57.14) (55.55)
9
23
6
12
(45) (58.97) (42.85) (44.44)
20
39
14
27
Total
50
(50)
50
(50)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories = 6.686, d.f = 4, Not-significant at 5 per cent
level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 2.07, d.f = 3, Not-significant at 5 per cent level
of significance.
Table 6.76 reveals that half of the respondents (50%) are aware
about 48 Kosas area. Education-wise, the table indicates that a large
number of respondents from category E5 (85.71%) are aware of 48
Kosas area. It is followed by categories E4 (57.14%), E3 (55.55%), E1
(50%) and E2 (35.48%). It is worth mentioning that 64.51 per cent of the
respondents from category E2 followed by categories E3 (44.44%), E4
(42.85%) and E1 (30%) are unaware about this fact. The Chi-square
value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant
awareness differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different educational categories with respect to 48 Kosas area. Pilgrimwise the table shows that majority of the respondents from category T3
(57.14%) followed by categories T4 (55.55%) and T1 (55%) are aware of
48 kosas area. However majority of the respondents from category T2
(58.97%) followed by categories T4 (44.44%), T3 (42.85%) and T1 (45%)
are not aware of it. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that no significant awareness differences exist
among different categories of pilgrims with respect to 48 kosas area.
Sources of Information Used by the Respondents
A large number of sources namely religious books, magazines,
television, friends, parents, internet and radio provide information
about Kurukshetra. The education-wise and pilgrims-wise responses of
the respondents regarding the sources of information used by them
have been presented in Table-6.77.
Table-6.77
Sources of Information Used by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Source
Religious Books
Magazines
Television
Friends
Parents
Internet
Radio
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
6
11
14
11
6
14
20
3
11
48
(20) (35.48) (77.77) (78.57) (85.71) (70) (51.28) (21.42) (40.70) (48)
2
4
6
4
2
6
2
5
5
18
(6.66) (12.90) (33.33) (28.57) (28.57) (30) (5.12) (35.71) (18.51) (18)
5
6
7
3
5
8
6
6
6
26
(16.66)(19.35) (38.88) (21.42) (71.42) (40) (15.38) (42.85) (22.22) (26)
20
24
13
9
4
19
22
10
19
70
(66.66)(77.41) (72.22) (64.28) (57.14) (95) (56.41) (71.42) (70.37) (70)
17
20
14
10
4
19
24
7
15
65
(56.66)(64.51) (77.77) (71.42) (57.14) (95) (61.53) (50) (55.55) (65)
0
1
4
2
2
2
2
2
3
9
(00) (3.22) (22.22) (14.28) (28.57) (10) (5.12) (14.28) (11.11) (9)
2
1
3
2
2
2
2
4
2
10
(6.66) (3.22) (16.66) (14.28) (28.57) (10) (5.12) (28.57) (7.40) (10)
30
31 18
14
7
20
39
14
27
100
Note: Percentages are more than hundred because of multiple choices.
Table-6.77 highlights that 70 per cent of the respondents
have come to know about Kurukshetra through their friends. It is
followed by those who have got information from their parents (65%),
religious books (48%), television. (26%), magazines (18%), internet (9%)
and radio (10%). Education-wise, the table reveals that a vast majority
of
respondents irrespective of their educational category have got
information from their friends and parents. Further, a vast majority of
respondents from categories E5 (85.71%) E4 (78.57%) and E3 (77.77%)
have got information from religious books. Interestingly, percentage of
the respondents using religious books as a source of information has
increased with the educational level of the respondents. 71.42 per cent
of the respondents from category E5 have got this information through
television and 30 per cent of the respondents from categories E3, E4 and
E5 have got information through magazines. Similarly, 28.57 per cent of
the respondents from category E5 have used radio as a source of
information. However, only few respondents have used the internet for
obtaining information about Kurukshetra.
Pilgrim-wise,
the
table
shows
that
vast
majority
of
the
respondents irrespective of their category have got information from
their friends and parents. 70 per cent of the respondents from category
T1 followed by categories T2 (51.28%) and T4 (40.7%) have got
information from religious books. Further, around 40 per cent of the
respondents from categories T1 and T3 have got the information from
television 35.71 per cent of the respondents from category T3 and 30 per
cent from category T1 have got the information from magazines.
Similarly, 28.57 per cent of the respondents from category T3 have got
information from radio. Internet as a source of information has been
used only by few respondents.
Mode of Transportation Used by the Respondents
Bus,
train,
and
own
vehicles
are
the
main
sources
of
transportation to visit Kurukshetra. For local transportation autos and
rickshaws is also used along with bus and own vehicles. To know the
mode of transportation used by the respondents, they were asked for
the
same.
Table-6.78
depict
education-wise
and
pilgrims-wise
responses in this regard.
Table-6.78
Mode of Transportation Used by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Transport Used
Bus
Train
Own Vehicle
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
8
17
11
1
3
7
20
8
5
40
(26.66) (54.83) (61.11) (7.14) (42.85) (35) (51.28) (57.14) (18.51) (40)
17
7
2
6
1
9
8
1
15
33
(56.66) (22.58) (11.11) (42.85)(14.28) (45) (20.51) (7.14) (55.55) (33)
5
7
5
7
3
4
11
5
7
27
(16.66) (22.58) (27.77) (50) (42.85) (20) (28.20) (35.71) (25.92) (27)
30
31 18
14
7
20
39
14
27
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 18.87, d.f = 8, Significant at 5 per cent level
of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 15.766, d.f. = 6, Significant at 5 per cent level
of significance.
Table-6.78 highlights that 40 per cent of the respondents have
visited Kurukshetra by bus followed by train (33%) and own vehicle
(27%).
Education-wise,
the
data
reveals
that
majority
of
the
respondents from categories E3 (61.11%) and E2 (54.83%) have visited
the place by bus whereas, 56.66 per cent of the respondents from
category E1 have visited here by train. Similarly, 50 per cent of the
respondents from category E4 have visited Kurukshetra by their own
vehicles. An equal number of the respondents (42.85%) from category
E5 have visited the place by their own vehicle and train. The Chi-square
value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to the different
educational categories with respect to mode of transportation.
Pilgrim-wise, the table shows that a large number of espondents
from categories T3 (57.14%) and T2 (51.28%) have visited Kurukshetra
by bus whereas 55.55 per cent of the respondents from category T4
followed by category T1 (45%) have visited it by train. Further, 35.71 per
cent of the respondents from category T3 have visited by their own
vehicles. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows
that significant differences exist among the pilgrim categories with
respect to mode of transportation used for visiting Kurukshetra.
Further it has been observed that most of the tourists
visiting Kurukshetra by public transport use autos as the source of
local transport which runs on the routes covering many places of
tourist interest and charge very nominal charges per person.
Respondents Behaviour Regarding Stay and Accommodation
Preference at Kurukshetra
To know about respondents’ period of stay at Kurukshetra the
respondents were asked about it. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise
responses of the respondents have been shown in Table-6.79.
Table-6.79
Stay Behaviour of the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Period of Stay
Less than One day
One day and more
N
Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
17
17
9
7
2
(56.66)(54.83) (50) (50) (28.57)
13
14
9
7
5
(43.33)(45.16) (50) (50) (71.42)
30
31
18
14
7
Pilgrim Categories
T1
T2
T3
T4
10
23
6
13
(50) (58.97) (42.85) (48.14)
10
16
8
14
(50) (41.02) (57.14) (58.15)
20
39
14
27
Total
52
(52)
48
(48)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 1.954, d.f = 4, Not-significant at 5 per cent
level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 1.420, d.f = 3, Not-significant at 5 per cent level
of significance.
Table-6.79 highlights that majority of the respondents (52%) have
stayed in Kurukshetra for less than one day. However, 48 per cent of
the respondents have stayed for one day and more. Education- wise
data reveals that 50-60 per cent of the respondents (except category E5)
have stayed at Kurukshetra for less than one day. Further, a vast
majority of respondents from category E5 (71.42%) followed by category
E3 and E4 (50% each), E2 (45.16%) and E1 (43.33%) have stayed for one
day and more at Kurukshetra. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level
of significance shows that no significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to the different educational categories with
respect to their decision to stay at night in Kurukshetra. Pilgrim-wise
the table indicates that 58.15 per cent of the respondents from category
T4 followed by categories T3 (57.14%), T1 (50%) and T2 (41.02%) have
stayed for one day and more at Kurukshetra. It is worth mentioning
that 58.97 per cent of the respondents from category T2 and almost 50
per cent of the respondents from category T1 and T4 have stayed for less
than one day in Kurukshetra. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level
of significance shows that no significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to
their decision to stay at night at Kurukshetra.
Further, in response to a query it has been found that majority
of
the
respondents
irrespective
of
their
category
have
visited
Kurukshetra during winter. The respondents who stayed at night at
Kurukshetra(48) were further asked about the place of their stay. The
responses have been shown in Table-6.80.
Table-6.80
Accommodation Preferences by the Respondents
(Education-wise and Pilgrim-wise Distribution)
Accommodation Preferred Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
Dharamsala
9
15
10
6
(69.24) (100) (100) (100)
Friends and Relatives
4
0
0
0
(30.76) (00) (00) (00)
N
13
15
10
6
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E5
T1
T2 T3 T4
2
6
16
5
15
42
(50) (66.66) (100)(62.5)(100) (87.5)
2
3
0
3
0
6
(50) (33.34) (00) (37.5) (00) (12.5)
4
9
16
8
15
48
Chi-square value for educational categories= 13.535, d.f = 4, Significant at 5 per cent
level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 12.570, d.f = 3, Significant at 5 per cent level
of significance.
Table-6.80 indicates that a vast majority of respondents (87.5%)
have stayed in the dharamsala followed by those who have stayed with
their friends and relatives (12.5%). Education-wise, the table shows that
all the respondents from categories E2, E3 and E4 followed by categories
E1 (69.24%) and E5 (50%) have stayed in the dharamsala. However, 50
per cent of the respondents from category E5 have stayed with their
friends & relatives. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance
shows
that
significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents belonging to different educational categories with respect
to accommodation preference in Kurukshetra. Pilgrims-wise, the table
shows that all the respondents from categories T2 and T4 followed by
categories T1 (66%) and T3 (62.5%) have stayed in the dharamsala.
However, 37.5 per cent of the respondents from category T3 and 33.34
per cent of the respondents from category T1 have stayed with their
friends and relatives. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance
shows
that
significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to
accommodation preference in Kurukshetra.
To know the reasons for choosing a particular accommodation, the
respondents were further asked for the same. The responses have been
given in Table-6.81.
Table-6.81
Reasons for Stay at a Particular Accommodation in
Kurukshetra
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Reasons to Stay
Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
Tariff
10
12
9
6
(76.92) (80) (90) (100)
Image of the Place
4
3
1
4
(30.76) (20) (10) (66.66)
Cleanliness
6
9
4
5
(46.15) (60) (40) (83.33)
Nearness to Railway Station 4
3
1
1
(30.76) (19.99) (10) (16.66)
Easy Accessibility
9
14
9
6
(69.23) (93.33) (90) (100)
Nearness to Mandir
8
11
4
3
(61.53) (73.33) (40) (50)
N
13
15
10
6
E5
2
(50)
2
(50)
2
(50)
0
(00)
4
(100)
3
(75)
4
Pilgrim Categories
Total
T1
T2
T3
T4
6
11
8
14
39
(66.66) (68.75) (100) (93.33) (81.25)
7
1
6
14
(43.75) (12.5) (40) (29.16)
2
9
3
12
26
(22.22) (56.25) (37.5) (80) (54.16)
4
2
3
9
(25.0) (25) (19.99) (18.74)
8
14
8
12
42
(88.88) (87.5) (100) (80) (87.5)
4
11
6
8
29
(44.44) (68.75) (75) (53.33) (60.41)
9
16
8
15
48
Table-6.81 highlights that 87.5 per cent of the respondents have
been influenced by easy accessibility, followed by tariff (81.25%),
nearness to mandir (60.41%), cleanliness (54.16%), image of the place
(29.16%) and nearness to railway station (18.74%). Education-wise, the
table reveals that a vast majority of the respondents, irrespective of
their educational categories have been influenced by easy accessibility
and tariff while selecting a place for stay at Kurukshetra. Further, 75
per cent of respondents from category E5 followed by categories E2
(73.33%), E1 (61.53%) and E4 (50%) have been influenced by nearness
to mandir. Similarly, 83.33 per cent of the respondents from category E 4
followed by categories E2 (60%) and E5 (50%) have been influenced by
cleanliness whereas 66.66 per cent of the respondents from category E 4
have been influenced by image of the residing place. Pilgrim-wise, the
table shows that a vast majority of respondents, irrespective of their
pilgrim categories have been influenced by easy accessibility and tariff
while selecting an accommodation. Further, 80 per cent of the
respondents from category T4 followed by category T2 (56.25%) have
considered cleanliness while selecting accommodation whereas 75 per
cent of the respondents from category T3 followed by category T2
(68.75%) and T4 (53.35%) have been influenced by nearness to mandir
while selecting accommodation to stay at Kurukshetra. Image of the
place and nearness to railway station have influenced comparatively
lesser number of respondents belonging to different categories.
Total Expenditure by the Respondents
A tourist spends on different tourism infrastructure facilities
namely transportation, food, accommodation, rituals, and shopping
according to their need and income. To know their expenditure pattern,
the respondents were asked to specify their total average expenditure
per person on the above activities during their visit to Kurukshetra.
Education-wise and pilgrim-wise aggregate expenditure responses of the
respondents in this regard have been presented in Table 6.82.
Table-6.82 shows that a vast majority of respondents (55%) have
incurred an average expenditure up to Rs. 500 per person followed by
those who have spent between Rs. 500-1000 (26%) and Rs.1000-2000
(19%). Education-wise, a large number of the respondents irrespective
of their educational categories have spent up to Rs. 500 (except in case
of category E4). Further an equal number of the respondents (42.85%)
from categories E4 and E5 have spent between Rs.500-1000 and
Rs.1000-2000 respectively. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance
shows
that
significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents belonging to different educational categories with respect
to total expenditure in Kurukshetra.
Table-6.82
Total Expenditure Incurred by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Total Expenditure
Up to 500
500-1000
1000-2000
N
Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
18
23
8
3
3
(60) (74.19) (44.44) (21.42) (42.85)
7
6
6
6
1
(23.33)(19.35) (33.33) (42.85) (14.28)
5
2
4
5
3
(16.66) (6.45) (22.22) (35.71) (42.85)
30
31
18
14
7
Pilgrim Categories
T1
T2
T3
T4
9
30
3
13
(45) (76.92) (21.42) (48.14)
6
7
7
6
(30) (17.94) (50) (22.22)
5
2
4
8
(25) (5.12) (28.57) (29.62)
20
39
14
27
Total
55
(55)
26
(26)
19
(19)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 26.184, d.f = 8, Significant at 5 per cent
level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 17.63, d.f = 6, Significant at 5 per cent level
of significance.
Pilgrim-wise the table shows that a large number of respondents
from category T2 (76.92%) followed by categories T4 (48.14%) and T1
(45%) have spent up to Rs.500. However, 50 per cent of the respondents
from category T3 have spent between Rs.500-1000. Further, almost 30
per cent of the respondents from category T3 and T4 have spent between
Rs.1000-2000. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance
shows that significant differences exist among the respondents
belonging
to
different
pilgrim
expenditure in Kurukshetra.
categories
with
respect
to
total
Respondents’
Awareness
and
Places
Visited
by
the
Respondents In and Around Kurukshetra
There are a large number of places of tourist interest within
Kurukshetra and around Kurukshetra. However, many of such places
may not be known to the tourists. Further, all such places may not be
popular among the tourists and they may not visit these. Thus, the
respondents were asked to state whether they were aware of the listed
destinations in Kurukshetra or not. Further, to compare the awareness
level, the respondents aware about the destination were given score one
and those who were unaware were given score zero. Thus, the total
score of the respondents were summed up category- wise. To get the
average mean awareness, the category-wise total score so scored was
divided by total number of the respondents and total number of
destinations. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of the
respondents have been shown in Table 6.83 and 6.84.
Table 6.83 depicts that all the respondents are aware about the
Braham Sarovar. Further, the awareness level of the respondents about
Panorama is very high with (98%) followed by Jyotisar (90%), Sanhit
Sarovar and Birla Mandir (81% each), Bhadarkali Mandir (71%), Sekh
Cheli Ka Makbare (60%) and Bhisam Kund (57%). Education-wise, the
analysis reveals that a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of
their educational category are aware about Braham Sarovar, Panorma,
Sanhit Sarovar, Birla Mandir (all situated in periphery of each other)
and Jyotisar. Awareness of Bhadarkali Mandir has varied between
63.33 per cent and 85.71 per cent among the respondents from various
categories and awareness level has increased with the level of
education. Comparatively, lesser number of the respondents in various
categories (except E5) are aware of Bhisam Kund and Seikh Cheli Ka
Makbara. Further, the table shows that the total mean awareness level
of the respondents is 0.80, which is quite high. Category-wise the mean
awareness score has been highest for category E5 (0.91) followed by
categories E4 (0.85), E3 (0.83), E2 (0.79) and E1 (0.73). This clearly
indicates that awareness level of the respondents has increased with
level of their education.
Table-6.83
Respondents' Awareness of Places in Kurukshetra
(Education -Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Awareness About Places(In
Kurukshetra)
Braham Sarovar
Jyotisar
Panorma
Sekh Cheli Ka Makbara
Sanhit Sarovar
Bhadarkali Mandir
Birla Mandir
Bhisham Kund
N
Average Mean Awareness Score
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
30
31
18
14
7
20
39
14
27 100
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
25
28
17
13
7
20
35
12
23
90
(83.33) (92.32) (94.44) (92.85) (100) (100) (89.74)(85.71) (85.18) (90)
29
30
18
14
7
20
38
14
26
98
(96.66) (96.77) (100) (100) (100) (100) (97.43) (100) (96.29) (98)
16
16
12
10
6
12
24
7
17
60
(53.33) (51.61) (66.66) (71.42)(85.71) (60) (61.53) (50) (62.96) (60)
22
28
14
11
6
20
30
10
21
81
(73.33) (90.32) (77.77) (78.57)(85.71) (100) (76.92)(71.42) (77.77) (81)
19
20
14
`12
6
16
30
8
17
71
(63.33) (64.51) (77.77) (85.71)(85.71) (80) (76.92)(57.14) (62.96) (71)
20
26
16
12
7
20
30
11
20
81
(66.66) (83.87) (88.88) (85.71) (100) (100) (76.92)(78.57) (74.07) (81)
15
17
11
9
5
12
25
7
13
57
(50) (54.83) (61.11) (64.28)(71.42) (60) (64.10) (50) (48.14) (57)
30
31
18
14
7
20
39
14
27 100
0.73 0.79 0.83 0.85 0.91 0.88 0.81 0.74 0.76 0.80
Pilgrim-wise, the table reveals that a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their pilgrim category are aware about Braham Sarovar,
Jyotisar, Panorama, Sanhit Sarovar, Bhadarkali Mandir and Birla
Mandir. Further, almost 60 per cent of the respondents from categories
T1, T2 and T4 are aware about Sekh Cheli Ka Makbara whereas,
awareness
about
Bhisam
Kund
among
respondents
of
various
educational categories has varied between 45-65 per cent. Categorywise the respondents from category T1 have got highest average mean
awareness score (0.88) followed by categories T2 (0.81), T4 (0.76), and T3
(0.74).
Table-6.84
Respondents' Awareness of Places Around Kurukshetra
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Awareness about Places
(around Kurukshetra)
Rantuk Yaksh
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
6
5
3
3
2
1
10
4
4
19
(20) (16.12) (16.66)(21.42) (28.57) (5) (25.64) (28.57) (14.81) (19)
Arnak Yaksh
4
5
3
3
2
1
9
3
4
17
(13.33) (16.12) (16.66)(21.42) (28.57) (5) (23.07) (21.42) (14.81) (17)
Kapil Yaksh
5
4
2
3
2
10
2
4
16
(16.66) (12.90) (11.11)(21.42) (28.57)
(25.64) (14.28) (14.81) (16)
Tarantuk
4
5
2
3
1
9
2
4
15
(13.33) (16.12) (11.11)(21.42) (14.28)
(23.07) (14.28) (14.81) (15)
Sthaneshwar Mandir
7
4
3
5
4
7
8
2
6
23
(23.33) (12.90) (16.66)(35.71) (57.14) (35) (20.51) (14.28) (22.22) (23)
Parashar tirath
5
4
3
5
2
3
8
2
6
19
(16.66) (12.90) (16.66)(35.71) (28.57) (15) (20.51) (14.28) (22.22) (19)
Pashupati Nath
7
4
3
3
3
3
6
4
7
20
(23.33) (12.90) (16.66)(21.42) (42.85) (15) (15.38) (28.57) (25.92) (20)
Pehowa
27
30
17
13
7
20
37
13
24
94
(90) (96.77) (94.44)(92.85) (100) (100)(94.87) (92.85) (88.88) (94)
N
30
31
18
14
7
20
39
14
27 100
Average Mean Awareness Score 0.27 0.24 0.25 0.15 0.41 0.22 0.31 0.29 0.27 0.29
Regarding awareness about places around Kurukshetra, Table
6.84 shows that 94 per cent of the respondents are aware of Pehowa
followed by Sthaneswar Mandir (23%), Rantuk Yaksh (19%), Arnak
Yaksh (17%), Kapil Yaksh (16%), Tarantuk Yaksh (15%), Parashar Tirth
(19%) and Pashupati Nath(20%). Education-wise the table reveals that
about 90 per cent of respondents irrespective of their educational
category are aware about Pehowa. An equal number of the respondents
from category E5 (28.57%) are aware about Rantuk Yaksh, Arnak
Yaksh, and Kapil Yaksh whereas 21.42 per cent of the respondents
from category E4 are aware about Trantuk Yaksh. Further, 57.14 per
cent of the respondents from category E5 followed by category E4
(35.71%) are aware about Sthaneshwar Mandir and 35.71 per cent of
the respondents from category E4 followed by category E5 (28.57%)are
aware about Prashar Tirath. Similarly, 42.85
per cent of the
respondents from category E5 are aware about Pashupati Nath. Further,
the table shows that the total mean awareness level of the respondents
is 0.29, which is quite low. Category-wise the mean awareness score
has been the highest for category E5 (0.41) followed by categories E1
(0.27), E3 (0.25), E2 (0.24) and E4 (0.15). Pilgrim-wise the table indicates
that most of the respondents irrespective of their pilgrim categories are
aware about pehowa. Further analysis reveals that the respondents
belonging to different pilgrim categories do not show much awareness
about other places around Kurukshetra. Category-wise the respondents
from category T2 have got the highest average mean awareness score
(0.31) followed by categories T3 (0.29), T4 (0.27), and T1 (0.22). This
indicates that the awareness level of the respondents regarding places
around Kurukshetra is quite low.
To know the places visited by the respondents in and around
Kurukshetra, the respondents were asked for the same. The responses
of the respondents in this regard have been given in Table 6.85.
Table-6.85
Places Visited in and Around Kurukshetra
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Places Visited
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
Braham Sarovar
30
31
18
14
7
20
39
14
27 100
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
Jyotisar
25
27
17
13
7
20
34
12
23
89
(83.33)(87.09) (94.44) (92.85) (100) (100) (87.17) (85.71)(85.18) (89)
Panorma
29
29
17
14
7
20
37
14
25
96
(96.66)(93.54) (94.44) (100) (100) (100) (94.87) (100) (92.59) (96)
Sekh Cheli Ka Makbara 15
13
12
10
6
12
23
7
14
56
(50) (41.93) (66.66) (71.42) (85.71) (60) (58.97) (50) (51.85) (56)
Sanhit Sarovar
22
23
14
12
7
20
31
10
17
78
(73.33)(74.19) (77.77) (85.71) (100) (100) (79.48) (71.42)(62.96) (78)
Bhadarkali Mandir
18
15
13
9
6
15
24
8
14
61
(60) (48.38) (72.22) (64.28) (85.71) (75) (61.53) (57.14)(51.85) (61)
Birla Mandir
20
21
16
11
5
18
29
11
17
75
(66.66)(67.74) (88.88) (78.57) (71.42) (90) (74.35) (78.57)(62.96) (75)
Bhisham Kund
15
13
10
8
6
11
22
7
13
53
(50) (41.93) (55.55) (57.14) (85.71) (55) (56.41) (50) (48.14) (53)
Rantuk Yaksh
6
2
3
1
1
3
6
2
12
(20) (6.45) (16.66)
(14.28) (5) (7.69) (42.85) (7.40) (12)
Arnak Yaksh
4
2
2
1
2
3
2
8
(13.33) (6.45) (11.11)
(5) (5.12) (21.42) (7.40) (8)
Kapil Yaksh
4
2
2
4
(13.33)
(5.12) (14.28)
(4)
Tarantuk
4
2
2
4
(13.33)
(5.12) (14.28)
(4)
Sthaneshwar Mandir 7
3
3
5
4
7
7
2
6
22
(23.33) (9.67) (16.66)(35.71) (57.14) (35) (17.94) (14.28) (22.22) (22)
Parashar tirath
5
3
3
3
1
2
6
1
6
15
(16.66) (9.67) (16.66)(21.42) (14.28) (10) (17.94) (14.28) (22.22) (15)
Pashupati Nath
6
3
4
3
2
3
5
3
7
18
(20) (9.67) (22.22)(21.42) (28.57) (15) (12.82) (21.42) (25.92) (18)
Pehowa
21
23
16
11
6
14 31
12
20
77
(70) (74.19) (88.88)(78.57) (85.71) (70) (79.48) (85.71) (74.07) (77)
N
30
31
18
14
7
20 39
14
27 100
Table-6.85 highlights that all the respondents have visited
Braham Sarovar followed by Panorama (96%), Jyotisar (89%), Sanhit
Sarovar (78%), Pehowa (77%), and Birla Mandir (75%), Bhadarkali
Mandir(61%), Sekh Cheli Ka Makbara (56%), Bhisam Kund (53%),
Sthaneshwar Mandir(22%), Pashupatinath (18%) and Parashar Tirath
(15%). Further, the percentage share of the respondents visiting Rantuk
Yaksh (12%), Arnak Yaksh (8%), Kapil and Tarantuk Yaksh (4% each)
has been negligible. Education-wise the table shows that majority of the
respondents have visited Braham Sarovar, Jyotisar, Panorama, Sanhit
Sarovar, Birla Mandir and Pehowa. Further, an equal number of
respondents from category E5 (85.71%) have visited Sekh Cheli Ka
Makbara, Bhadarkali Mandir and Bhisam Kund. 57.14 per cent of the
respondents from category E5 have visited Sthaneshwar Mandir.
Further, the share of the respondents who have visited four yakshas
namely Rantuk Yaksh, Arnak Yaksh, Kapil and Tarantuk Yaksh is
negligible. Pilgrim-wise the
table shows that majority
of the
respondents have visited Braham Sarovar, Jyotisar, Panorama, Sanhit
Sarovar, Birla Mndir and Pehowa. Further, 40-60 per cent of the
respondents have visited Sekh Cheli Ka Makbara and Bhisam Kund.
However, 75 per cent of the respondents from category T1 followed by
categories
T2(61.53%),
T3(57.14%)
and
T4(51.85%)
have
visited
Bhadarkali Mandir. Similarly, 42.85 per cent of the respondents from
category T3 have visited Rantuk Yaksh. The correlation (r) between
awareness of places and places visited in Kurukshetra is 0.99. Further,
correlation (r) between awareness of places and places visited around
Kurukshetra is 0.98. It indicates that the number of places visited has
high positive correlation with the awareness level of the respondents.
Awareness and Event Visited by Respondents
Two important religious events are held in Kurukshetra namely
Geeta Jyanti Samaroh and Sun Eclipses.
However, Kutukshetra is
most popular for its Sun Eclipses. It is evident from Bhagwad Purana
that Lord Krishna visited Kurukshetra on Sun Eclipses. During this
event a large number of people (around 10 lacks) take dip in the holy
water of Braham Sarovar. The second most popular event held in
Kurukshetra is Geeta Jayanti Samaroh that is held on 11th day of the
bright moon in the month of margshish(Nov-Dec). Further, this event is
celebrated in Kurukshetra because Srimad Bhagwad Geeta was
delivered in Kurukshetra by Lord Krishna. Some other events which are
held along with this event are Deep Daan, Arti, quiz on Mahabharata
and
Srimadbhagwad
Geeta,
declamation
and
Geeta
recitation
competition. To know the information about the awareness level of the
respondents about these events and their visiting behaviour for such
events, they were asked about it. Tables-6.86, 6.87 and 6.88 show the
responses of the respondents in this regard.
Table-6.86
Awareness of Events Held in Kurukshetra
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Event Held
(Awareness)
Geeta Jayanti
Samaroh
Sun Eclipses
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
13
13
10
11
6
10
22
7
14
53
(43.33) (41.93) (55.55) (78.57)(85.71) (50) (56.41) (50) (51.85) (53)
30
31
18
14
7
20
39
14
27
100
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
30
31
18
14
7
20
39
14
27
100
Table-6.86 shows that all the respondents are aware about Sun
Eclipses followed by Geeta Jayantii Samaroh about which only 53 per
cent are aware. Education-wise distribution of the respondents shows
that all the respondents irrespective of their educational categories are
aware about Sun Eclipses. Further, 85.71 per cent of the respondents
from category E5 followed by categories E4 (78.57%), E3 (55.55%), E1
(43.33%) and E2 (41.93%) are aware about Geeta Jyanti Samaroh.
Pilgrim-wise, table 6.86 reveals that all the respondents are aware
about Sun Eclipses. Further, 56.41 per cent of the respondents from
category T2 and almost an equal number of the respondents (around
50%) from categories T1, T3 and T4 are aware about Geeta Jayanti
Samaroh.
Table-6.87
Events Visited by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Event Visited
Yes
No
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
24
25
12
10
7
18
30
7
23
(80) (80.64) (66.66) (71.42) (100) (90) (76.92) (50) (85.18)
6
6
6
4
2
9
7
4
(20) (19.35) (33.33) (28.57)
(10) (23.07) (50) (14.81)
30
31
18
14
7
20
39
14
27
Total
78
(78)
22
(22)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 3.865, d.f. = 4, Not-significant at 5 per cent
level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories= 8.903, d.f = 4, Significant at 5 per cent level of
significant
Table-6.87 indicates that majority of the respondents (78%) have
visited the events (Sun Eclipses/Geeta Jayanti Samaroh) held in
Kurukshtra. Only 22 per cent of the respondents have never visited the
events mentioned above. Education-wise distribution shows that all the
respondents from category E5 and almost an equal number of the
respondents from category E1 and E2 (around 80%) followed by
categories E4 (71.42%) and E3 (66.66%) have visited the events. The
Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no
differences
exist
among
the
respondents
belonging
to
different
educational categories with respect to their visit to such events at
Kurukshetra. Pilgrim-wise, the table reveals that 90 per cent of the
respondents from category T1 followed by categories T4 (85.18%) T2
(76.92%) and T3 (50%) have visited events held in Kurukshetra. Further,
an equal number of respondents from category T3 (50%) have visited
and not visited these events. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance
shows
that
significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents belonging to different pilgrims-wise categories with respect
to their visit to such events at Kurukshetra.
Table-6.88
Name of Events Visited by the Respondents
(Education -Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Event visited
Geeta Jayanti
Sun Eclipses
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
8
10
7
8
3
6
16
6
8
36
(33.33) (40) (58.33) (80) (46.15) (33.33) (53.33)(85.71) (34.78) (46.15)
24
25
12
10
7
18
30
7
23
78
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
24
25 12
10
7
18
30
7
23
78
In a further query (see Table 6.88) it becomes clear that all the 78
respondents have visited Sun Eclipses. Further, 36(46.15%) of the
respondents have also visited Geeta Jayanti Samaroh. Education-wise,
the table shows that all the respondents irrespective of their
educational categories have visited Sun Eclipses. Further, 80 per cent
of the respondents from category E4 followed by category E3 (58.33%),
E5 (46.15%), E2 (40%) and E1 (33.33%) have also visited Geeta Jayanti
Samaroh. Pilgrim-wise, the table shows that all the respondents
irrespective of their categories have visited Sun Eclipses. Further, 85.71
per cent of the respondents from category T3 followed by categories
T2(53.33%), T4(34.78%) and T1(33.33%) have visited Geeta Jayanti
Samaroh as well. It reveals that Geeta Jayanti Samaroh has been
mostly visited by the pilgrims who visit Kurukshetra with family or
package tour.
In another query from the respondents it is clear that 29
respondents have seen light and sound show organized at Jyotisar daily
in the evening. Further, 21(58.33%) of the respondents have visited
Craft Mela organized at Geeta Jayanti.
Problems Faced by the Respondents
Kurukshetra Development Board provides civic amenities to the
pilgrims and tourists visiting Kurukshetra. It is also concerned with the
up-keeping and maintenance of the tirathas like Braham Sarovar,
Sanhit Sarovar, Panorma, Bhisham Kund and Jyotisar etc. Further,
Kurukshetra Development Board manages tourists and pilgrims
especially during Sun Eclipses. However, a large number of visitors face
different types of problems related with accommodation, food, parking,
drinking water, transportation, shopping and bathing while visiting
Kurukshetra. The main problems faced by the respondents while
visiting Kurukshetra have been analysed education-wise and pilgrimswise in Table 6.89.
Table-6.89
Problems Faced by the Respondents in Kurukshetra
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Problems
Accommodation
Non Availability
Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
Pilgrim Categories
T1
T2
T3
Total
T4
10
13
8
5
2
6
11
7
12
36
(90.90)(92.85) (88.88) (83.33) (100) (100) (84.61) (87.5) (80) (90.47)
Lack of Cleanliness
11
12
8
6
2
6
12
6
15
39
(100) (85.71) (88.88) (100) (100) (100) (92.30) (75) (100) (92.85)
Problem in Room Reservation
6
2
3
2
3
3
1
6
13
(54.54)(14.28) (33.33) (33.33)
(50) (23.07) (12.5) (40) (30.95)
High Tariff
11
11
9
6
2
6
12
8
13
39
(100) (78.57) (100) (100) (100) (100) (92.30) (100) (86.66)(92.85)
N
11
14
9
6
2
6
13
8
15
42
Food
High Rate
21
17
10
7
5
13
21
10
16
60
(75) (56.66) (58.82) (50) (71.42) (65) (58.33) (71.42) (61.53) (62.5)
Oily and Spicy
12
13
10
12
4
11
22
7
11
51
(42.85)(43.33) (58.82) (85.71) (57.14) (55) (61.11) (50) (42.30)(53.12)
Lack of Freshness
16
20
12
9
6
9
24
11
19
63
(57.14)(66.66) (70.58) (64.28) (85.71) (45) (66.66) (78.57) (73.07)(65.62)
Lack of Sitting Arrangement
16
17
9
10
6
13
20
8
17
58
(57.14)(56.66) (52.94) (71.42) (85.71) (65) (55.55) (57.14) (65.38)(60.41)
N
28
30
17
14
7
20
36
14
26
96
Parking
Lack of Space
3
6
5
7
3
4
8
5
7
24
(60) (85.71) (100) (100) (100) (100) (72.72) (100) (100) (88.88)
Overchargiing
2
6
3
4
1
1
8
3
4
16
(40) (85.71) (60) (57.14) (33.33) (25) (72.72) (60) (57.14)(59.25)
Lack of Security
2
5
5
5
2
3
9
3
4
19
(40) (71.42) (100) (71.42) (66.66) (75) (81.81) (60) (57.14)(70.37)
Misbehave by Concerned
2
5
3
1
7
1
3
11
People
(40) (71.42)
(42.85) (33.33)
(63.63) (20) (42.85)(40.74)
N
5
7
5
7
3
4
11
5
7
27
Transportation
Non Availability
13
11
9
4
3
(43.33)(35.48) (50) (28.57) (28.57)
High Tariff
25
17
10
7
4
(83.33)(54.83) (55.55) (50) (50)
Misbehaving by Conductor
1
2
1
1
(3.33)
(11.11) (7.14) (7.14)
Problem in Train Reservation
5
4
1
(16.66)(12.90) (5.55)
N
30
31
18
14
7
Sanitation
Less Toilets for males
17
18
7
5
6
(56.66)(58.06) (38.88) (35.71) (85.71)
Lack of cleanliness
28
28
17
14
6
(93.33)(90.32) (94.44) (100) (85.71)
Lack of water
12
15
7
6
5
(40) (48.38) (38.88) (42.85) (71.42)
Less Toilets for Females
28
29
16
13
7
(93.33)(93.54) (88.88) (92.85) (100)
Overcharging by the Sweeper
18
21
12
10
7
(60) (67.74) (66.66) (71.42) (100)
N
30
31
18
14
7
Drinking Water
Less number of Taps
28
30
16
13
7
(93.33)(96.77) (88.88) (92.85) (100)
Lack of Cleanliness
22
19
12
9
4
(73.33)(61.29) (66.66) (64.28) (57.14)
Lack of Fresh Water
19
13
10
10
2
(63.33)(41.93) (55.55) (71.42) (28.57)
Lack of Filtered Water
18
16
10
7
2
(60) (51.61) (55.55) (50) (28.57)
N
30
31
18
14
7
11
(55)
15
(75)
2
(10)
3
(15)
20
14
4
11
(35.89) (28.57) (40.74)
20
8
20
(51.28) (57.14) (74.07)
2
1
(5.12) (7.14)
4
1
2
(10.25) (7.14) (7.40)
39
14
27
40
(40)
63
(63)
5
(5)
10
(10)
100
13
(65)
20
(100)
11
(55)
18
(90)
14
(70)
20
12
10
18
(30.76) (71.42) (66.66)
35
12
26
(89.74) (85.71) (96.29)
15
5
14
(38.46) (35.71) (51.85)
35
14
26
(89.74) (100) (96.29)
26
10
18
(66.66) (71.42) (66.66)
39
14
27
53
(53)
93
(93)
45
(45)
93
(93)
68
(68)
100
20
(100)
9
(45)
7
(35)
5
(25)
20
37
13
24
(94.87) (92.85) (88.88)
28
11
18
(71.79) (78.57) (66.66)
24
9
14
(61.53) (64.28) (51.85)
24
9
15
(61.53) (64.28) (55.55)
39
14
27
94
(94)
66
(66)
54
(54)
53
(53)
100
Shopping
High Rate
Lack of Quality Product
Misbehaving by the
Shopkeeper
N
Bathing
Less number of Ladies
Bathrooms
Untidy Bathrooms
Dirty Water
Lack of Space
Misbehaving by Pandits
Slippery Stairs
N
18
19
12
12
6
14
21
11
21
67
(94.73)(82.60) (70.58) (85.71) (85.71) (87.5) (72.41) (78.57) (100) (83.75)
13
23
14
12
6
12
28
9
19
68
(68.42) (100) (82.35) (85.71) (85.71) (75) (96.55) (64.28) (90.47) (85)
6
7
7
1
4
7
3
7
8
25
(31.57)(30.43) (41.17) (7.14) (57.14)(43.75) (10.34) (50) (38.09)(31.25)
19
23
17
14
7
16
29
14
21
80
28
28
14
12
7
(93.33)(90.32) (77.77) (85.71) (100)
11
16
7
8
6
(36.66)(51.61) (38.88) (57.14) (85.71)
18
20
7
7
2
(60) (64.51) (38.88) (50) (28.57)
14
12
8
8
5
(46.66)(38.70) (44.44) (57.14) (71.42)
6
12
4
2
3
(20) (38.70) (22.22) (14.28) (42.85)
10
12
7
9
3
(33.33)(38.70) (38.88) (64.28) (42.85)
30
31 18
14
7
18
(90)
10
(50)
6
(30)
15
(75)
5
(25)
7
(35)
20
34
11
26
(87.17) (78.57) (96.29)
18
8
12
(46.15) (57.14) (44.44)
24
8
16
(61.53) (57.14) (59.25)
10
9
13
(25.64) (64.28) (48.14)
10
6
6
(25.64) (42.85) (22.22)
18
4
12
(46.15) (28.57) (44.44)
39
14
27
89
(89)
48
(48)
54
(54)
47
(47)
27
(27)
41
(41)
100
Accommodation
42
respondents
who
have
stayed
in
the
dharamsala
at
Kurukshetra have highlighted some problems regarding accommodation
as shown in Table 6.89. Above 90 per cent of the respondents have
faced the problem of high tariff, lack of cleanliness and non availability.
Further, 30-55 per cent of the respondents have faced problem
regarding reservation of accommodation. Education-wise a vast majority
of the respondents irrespective of their educational categories have
faced the problems of high tariff, lack of cleanliness and non
availability. Further, 54.54 per cent of the respondents from category E1
have faced the problem regarding reservation of accommodation.
Pilgrim-wise the table shows that a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their pilgrim’ categories have faced problems of high
tariff, lack of cleanliness and non-availability. Further, 50 per cent of
the respondents from category T1 have faced the problem regarding
room reservation followed by categories T4 (40%), and T2 (23.07%).
Food
In response to a query, 96 respondents who have taken food in
Kurukshetra have highlighted some food related problems. The table
depicts that lack of freshness (65.62%), high rate(62.5%), lack of sitting
arrangement (60.41%) and oily and spicy nature of food(53.12%) are the
main
food
related
problems
in
that
order
highlighted
by
the
respondents. Education-wise, at least 50 per cent of the respondents
irrespective of their categories have highlighted the problems of lack of
freshness in food, high rates, lack of sitting arrangement and oily and
spicy nature of food (except category E2 and E1). Further, at least 50 per
cent of the respondents have highlighted the problem of lack of
freshness in food (except category T1), high rate, lack of sitting
arrangement and oily and spicy nature of food (except category T4).
Parking
27 respondents who have used their own vehicles to visit
Kurukshetra have highlighted some problems regarding parking. Table
6.89 shows that a large number of
respondents have complained
regarding lack of parking space (88.88%), lack of security (70.37%),
overcharging
(59.25%)
and
misbehaving
by
concerned
persons
(40.74%). Education-wise, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of
their educational categories have faced problem of lack of parking space
and lack of security (except category E1). Further, 85.71 per cent of the
respondents from category E2 followed by category E3 (60%) and E4
(57.14%) have complained regarding overcharging for parking the
vehicle. Further, 71.42 per cent of the respondents from category E 2
have reported misbehaving by concerned people. Pilgrim-wise, the table
shows that vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their pilgrim
categories have faced problem of lack of parking space and lack of
security. Further, majority of the respondents from all pilgrim
categories
(except
category
T1)
have
reported
the
problem
of
overcharging. Similarly, 63.63 per cent of the respondents from
category T2 have reported misbehaving by the concerned people.
Transportation
All the respondents who have visited Kurukshetra through public
transport have highlighted some problems regarding transportation as
shown in the table 6.89. 63 per cent of the respondents have faced high
tariff problem followed by non-availability (40%), problem in train
reservation (10%) and misbehaving by the conductors (5%). Educationwise, the table indicates that 83.33 per cent of the respondents from
category E1 have faced problem of high tariff followed by categories E 3
(55.55%), E2 (54.83%), E4 and E5 (50% both). Similarly, 50 per cent of
the respondents from category E3 have complained regarding nonavailability (especially during Sun Eclipses). Pilgrim-wise, the table
shows that almost 75 per cent of the respondents from categories T1
and T4 followed by categories T3(57.14%) and T1(57.28%)
have
highlighted problem of high tariff. Further, 55 per cent of the
respondents from category T1 followed by categories T4(40.74%),
T2(35.89%) and T3(28.57%) have complained regarding non-availability
(especially during sun eclipses).
Sanitation
The table reveals that an equal number of respondents (93%)
have reported regarding less number of toilets for female and lack of
cleanliness in toilets. Further, 68 per cent of the respondents have
complained regarding overcharging by sweepers. 53 per cent of the
respondents have also pointed out regarding less number of toilets for
males. Moreover, 45 per cent of the respondents have reported
regarding lack of water in toilets. Education-wise, majority of the
respondents
irrespective
of
their
educational
categories
have
complained regarding less number of toilets for females, lack of
cleanliness and overcharging by sweepers. 85 per cent of the
respondents from category E5 followed by E1 (56.66%), E2 (58.06%) have
pointed out regarding less number of toilets for female. Further, 71.42
per cent of the respondents from category E5 and around 40 per cent of
the respondents from other educational categories have complained
regarding lack of water for toilets. Pilgrim-wise, a majority of the
respondents irrespective of their categories have reported regarding lack
of cleanliness in toilets, less number of toilets for females and
overcharging by sweepers. Further, majority of the respondents
irrespective of their category (except category T2) have complained
regarding less number of toilets for males. Around 50 per cent of the
respondents from categories T1 and T5 followed by categories T2
(38.46%) and T3 (35.71%) have complained regarding lack of water in
toilets.
Drinking Water Problem
All
the
respondents
who
have
visited
Kurukshetra
have
highlighted some problems regarding drinking water as shown in Table
6.89. Majority of the respondents have pointed out the problems of less
number of taps(94%), lack of cleanliness near taps(66%), lack of fresh
water (54%) and lack of filtered water(53%). Education-wise most of the
respondents irrespective of their educational categories have faced the
problems regarding less number of taps, lack of cleanliness near taps,
lack of fresh water(except category E2 and E5) and lack of filtered
water(except
category
E5).
Pilgrim-wise,
a
vast
majority
of
the
respondents (88-100%) have complained regarding less number of taps.
Further majority of the respondents from categories T2, T3 and T4 have
complained regarding lack of cleanliness near taps, lack of fresh water
and lack of filtered water.
Shopping
In a response to the query 80 respondents who have visited
Kurukshetra have highlighted some problems regarding shopping as
shown in the table. Above 80 per cent of the respondents have
highlighted the problem of lack of quality products and high rates.
Around 31 per cent respondents have also communicated regarding the
misbehaving by the respondents. Education-wise, a vast majority of
respondents irrespective of their educational categories have pointed
out regarding lack of quality products and high rates at Kurukshetra.
Further, 57.14 per cent of the respondents from category E5 and above
30 per cent of the respondents from categories E1, E2 and E3 have
quoted regarding misbehaving by the shopkeeper. Pilgrim-wise, a
majority of the respondents have highlighted regarding problems of high
rates and lack of quality products. Further, 50 per cent of the
respondents from category T3 followed by categories T1 (43.75%) and T4
(38.09%) have complained regarding misbehavior by the shopkeeper.
Bathing problems
Taking dip in water of Braham Sarovar during Sun Eclipses is a
holy ritual. It is most preferable ritual in the Hindus visiting
Kurukshetra for getting salvation. So a large number of people perform
this act during Sun Eclipses. However, due to over crowdedness and
lack of improper management people face plenty of problems. In a query
from respondents, an attempt has been made to know the nature of
problems faced by the respondents. Table 6.89 highlights that a vast
majority of respondents (89%) have complained regarding less number
of ladies’ bathrooms followed by dirty water (54%), untidy bathrooms
(48%), and lack of space (47%), slippery stairs (41%) and misbehaviour
by pandits (27%). Education-wise, the table shows that a vast majority
of respondents irrespective of their educational categories have
complained regarding less number of ladies’ bathrooms. Further, 85.71
per cent of the respondents from category E5 followed by categories E4
(57.14%) and E2 (51.61%) have highlighted the problems of untidy
bathrooms. 64.51 per cent of the respondents from category E 2 followed
by categories E1 (60%) and E4 (50%) have highlighted the problem of
dirty water. However, 71.42 per cent of the respondents from category
E5 followed by category E4 (57.14%) and around 40 per cent of the
respondents from other categories have reported regarding lack of
space. Around 40 per cent of the respondents from categories E2 and E5
have complained regarding misbehaviour by pandits whereas 64.28 per
cent of the respondents from category E4 and around 40 per cent of the
respondents from other categories have highlighted the problem of
slippery stairs. Pilgrim-wise, most of the respondents from category T4
(96.29%) followed by categories T1 (90%), T2 (87.17%) and T3 (78.57%)
have complained regarding less number of ladies’ bathrooms. Further,
75 per cent of the respondents from category T1 followed by categories
T3 (64.28%) and T4 (48.14%) have highlighted the problem of lack of
space. However, 61.53 per cent of the respondents from category T2
followed by categories T4 (59.25%) and T3 (57.14%) have complained
regarding dirty water. Further, 57.14 per cent of the respondents from
category T3 followed by category T1 (50%) and around 45 per cent of the
respondents from categories T2 and T4 have reported the problem of
untidy bathroom whereas 42.85 per cent of the respondents from
category T3 and around 25 per cent of the respondents from other
categories have highlighted the problem of misbehaviour by pandits.
Almost 50 per cent of the respondents from categories T2 and T4 have
complained regarding slippery stairs.
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Other Factors
Table-6.90 shows the opinion of the respondents regarding some
important aspects of Kurukshetra.
Table-6.90
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Other Factors
(Frequency Distribution)
Factors
Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in
Kurukshetra
There is lack of cleanliness in Kurukshetra
Large umber of beggars near religious sites irritate tourists
a lot
It is very difficult for tourists to find cloak room in
Kurukshetra
Non-availability of tourist guide affects tourists’ experience
Behaviour of priests is very irritating in Kurukshetra
Attitude of police is not very supportive
Attitude of local people is not supportive
People face problems due to over crowdedness of buses
during festivals
Internet as a source of information provides adequate
information about Kurukshetra
Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious places
hurts public sentiments
People face difficulties due to long walking distance from
parking place during festivals
Belongings of people are not safe due to high incidents of
theft during festivals
N
Agree
46
(46)
73
(73)
77
(77)
17
(17)
24
(24)
46
(46)
26
(26)
41
(41)
71
(71)
36
(36)
87
(87)
53
(53)
90
(90)
100
Neither agree Disagree
Nor disagree
20
(20)
19
(19)
18
(18)
12
(12)
13
(13)
43
(43)
43
(43)
42
(42)
6
(6)
7
(7)
4
(4)
2
(2)
5
(5)
100
34
(34)
8
(8)
5
(5)
71
(71)
63
(63)
11
(11)
31
(31)
17
(17)
23
(23)
57
(57)
8
(8)
45
(45)
5
(5)
100
Average
Weighted
Score
2.26
2.54
2.59
2.05
2.11
2.03
1.83
1.99
2.65
2.29
2.81
2.51
2.85
The table reveals that majority of the respondents have expressed
their agreement regarding statements ‘Belongings of people are not safe
due to high incidents of theft during festivals’ (90%), ‘Availability of nonvegetarian. food near religious places hurt public sentiments’
‘Large number of
(87%),
beggars near religious site irritate tourists a lot’
(77%), ‘There is lack of cleanliness in Kurukshetra’ (73%), and ‘People
face problems due to overcrowdedness of buses during festivals’ (71%).
53 per cent of the respondents have agreed with the statement ‘People
face difficulties due to long walking distance from parking place during
festivals’. It is followed by the respondents who have disagreed (45%)
and neither agreed nor disagreed (5%) with the statement. An equal
number of the respondents (46%) have agreed with the statement
‘Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in Kurukshetra’ and
‘Behaviour of priests is very irritating in Kurukshetra’. Others have
either disagreed or are indifferent. 41 per cent of the respondents have
agreed with the statement ‘Attitude of local people is not supportive’.
The remaining respondents have either disagreed or are indifferent. 57
per cent of the respondents have neither agreed nor disagreed with the
statement ‘Internet as a source of information provides adequate
information
about
Kurukshetra’.
However,
36
per
cent
of
the
respondents have agreed and 7 per cent of the respondents have
disagreed with this statement. 43 per cent of the respondents have
disagreed with the statement ‘Attitude of police is not very supportive’
which is followed by the respondents who have agreed (26%) and
neither agreed nor disagreed (31%). 71 per cent of the respondents are
indifferent about the statement ‘It is very difficult for tourists to find
cloak room in Kurukshetra’ while 17 per cent have agreed and 12 per
cent have disagreed. 63 per cent of the respondents are indifferent
about the statement ‘Non-availability of tourist guide affects tourists
experience’. However, 24 per cent have agreed and 13 per cent have
disagreed with this statement.
Average weighted scores have been calculated with respect to the
above responses for different categories of pilgrims by assigning weight
as 3, 2, 1 to agree, neither agree nor disagree and disagree respectively
and these have been given in Table 6.91
Table-6.91
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Other Factors
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Factors
Educational
Pilgrim
Average
Categories
Categories
E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 T1 T2 T3 T4 Weighted
Score
2.33 2.23 2 2.292.722.15 2.23 2.36 2.33 2.26
Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in
Kurukshetra
There is lack of cleanliness in Kurukshetra
2.6 2.71 2.332.212.722.25 2.64 2.36 2.71 2.54
Large umber of beggars near religious sites irritate 2.5 2.55 2.782.43 3 2.6 2.59 2.5 2.63 2.59
tourists a lot
It is very difficult for tourists to find cloak room in 1.9 2 2.112.142.57 2.2 2.03 1.93 2.04 2.05
Kurukshetra
Non-availability of tourist guide affects tourists
1.97 2 2.222.292.57 2.1 2.08 2 2.22 2.11
experience
Behaviour of priests is very irritating in Kurukshetra 2 2.26 1.721.792.43 1.8 2.18 1.79 2.11 2.03
Attitude of police is not very supportive
1.8 1.81 1.612.072.14 1.7 1.74 1.65 2.15 1.83
Attitude of local people is not supportive
1.77 2.23 1.722.152.29 1.7 1.93 2.08 2.26 1.99
People face problems due to over crowding in buses 2.73 2.59 2.612.582.862.85 2.59 2.5 2.67 2.65
during festivals
Internet as a source of information provides
2.13 2.12 2.5 2.782.14 2.4 2.20 2.5 2.22 2.29
adequate information about Kurukshetra
Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious
2.9 2.88 2.952.652.572.95 2.82 2.92 2.74 2.81
places hurts public sentiments
People face difficulties due to long walking distance 2.37 2.45 2.442.79 3 2.6 2.41 2.57 2.55 2.51
from parking place during festivals
Belongings of people are not safe due to high
3 2.77 2.722.79 3 2.95 2.77 2.71 2.96 2.85
incidents of theft during festivals
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for educational categories= .755, Chi-square value= 45.31,
d. f .=12, Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for pilgrim categories= .890, Chi-square value = 42.73,
d.f. = 12, Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table-6.91 shows that respondents belonging to all the categories
have shown their agreement
(average weighted score being 2.3 or
above) with respect to the statements ‘There is lack of cleanliness in
Kurukshetra’,
‘Large number of
beggars near religious site irritate
tourists a lot’ , ‘People face problems due to over crowdedness of buses
during festivals’, ‘Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious
places hurts public sentiments’, ‘People face difficulties due to long
walking distance from parking place during festivals’, ‘Internet as a
source
of
information
provides
adequate
information
about
Kurukshetra, and ‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high
incidents of theft during festivals’. Score nearly two and slightly above
two
about other statements represents the indifference of the
respondents. Education-wise, most of the respondents irrespective of
their educational category have agreed with the statements ‘There is
lack of cleanliness in Kurukshetra (except category E4)’, ‘Large number
of
beggars near religious sites irritate tourists a lot’ , ‘People face
problems
due
to
over
crowdedness
of
buses
during
festivals’,
‘Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious places hurts public
sentiments’, ‘People face difficulties due to long walking distance from
parking place during festivals’, ‘Security arrangements are not very
satisfactory
in
Kurukshetra
(except
category
E2
and
E3)’,
and
‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high incidents of theft during
festivals’. Further, respondents are indifferent about statements ‘It is
very difficult for tourists to find cloak room in Kurukshetra(except
category
E5)’,
‘Behaviour
of
priests
is
very
irritating
in
Kurukshetra(except category E5)’, ‘Non-availability of tourist guide
affects tourists experience(except category E4 and E5)’, ‘Attitude of police
is not very supportive’, ‘Internet as a source of information provides
adequate information about Kurukshetra(except category E3 and E4)’,
‘Attitude of local people is not supportive(except category E5)’. The
Kendall’s
Co-efficient
of
Concordance
reveals
that
significant
concurrence of rankings (W= .755) exist among the respondents
belonging to different categories with respect to the above mentioned
problems. Pilgrim-wise the table reveals that respondents belonging to
all the categories have shown their agreement (average weighted score
being 2.3 or above) with respect to statements ‘There is lack of
cleanliness in Kurukshetra (except category T1)’, ‘Large number of
beggars near religious sites irritate tourists a lot’, ‘People face problem
due to over crowdedness of buses during festivals’, ‘Availability of nonvegetarian. food near religious places hurt public sentiments’, ‘People
face difficulties due to long walking distance from parking place during
festivals’ and ‘Belongings of the people are not safe due to high
incidents of theft during festivals’. Score nearly two and slightly above
two about other statements represent indifference of the respondents.
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance reveals that significant
concurrence of ranking (W= .890) exist among the respondents
belonging to different categories with respect to the above mentioned
problems.
Awareness of Working of Kurukshetra Development Board
Kurukshetra Development Board (KDB) was established on 1st
August,
1968
by
Haryana
Government
for
the
comprehensive
development of overall area of Kurukshetra. Further, it is the main
authority which up keeps and maintains the religious places in
Kurukshetra. To know the awareness level of the respondents about
KDB and to judge the satisfaction level regarding the working of KDB,
they were asked for the same. Their responses are given in Tables 6.92
and 6.93 respectively.
Table-6.92
Awareness of Kurukshetra Development Board
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Kurukshetra Development
Board(awareness)
Yes
No
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
9
10
5
10
6
10
16
3
11
40
(30) (32.25)(27.77) (71.42) (85.71) (50) (41.02) (21.42)(40.70) (40)
21
21
13
4
1
10
23
11
16
60
(70) (14.28)(72.22) (28.57) (14.28) (50) (58.97) (78.57)(59.25) (60)
30
31
18
14
7
20
39
14
27 100
Chi-square value for educational categories = 14.974, d.f. = 4,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significant
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 2.858, d.f. = 3,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significant
Table-6.92 reveals that only 40 per cent of the respondents are
aware
about
Kurukshetra
Development
Board.
Education-wise
distribution shows that a majority of
respondents from category E5
(85.71%) followed by E4 (71.42%) are aware about KDB. However, the
awareness among other categories (E1, E2 and E3) is around 30 per cent
only.
The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows
that significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different educational categories with respect to awareness about
Kurukshetra Development Board. Pilgrim-wise, the table reveals that a
vast majority of respondents irrespective of their pilgrim categories are
not aware about KDB. However, 50 per cent of the respondents from
category T1 followed by categories T2 (41.02%), T4 (40.70%) and T3
(21.42%) are aware about KDB. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level
of significance shows that no differences exist among the respondents
belonging to the different pilgrims-wise categories with respect to
awareness about Kurukshetra Development Board.
Table-6.93
Satisfaction Level of Respondents Regarding Working of
Kurukshetra Development Board
(Education -Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Kurukshetra Development
Board(Awareness)
Yes
No
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories Total
E1
E2 E3 E4
E5
T1 T2 T3 T4
5
4
5
6
5
7
4
3 11 25
(55.55) (40) (100) (60) (83.33) (70) (25) (100)(100) (62.5)
4
6
0
4
1
3
12
0
0
15
(45.55) (60) (0) (40) (16.67) (30) (75) (0) (0) (37.5)
9
10
5
10
6
10 16
3 11 40
Chi-square value for educational categories = 5.37, d.f. = 8,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significant
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 18.24, d.f. = 6,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significant
In a further query (see Table-6.93) from respondents who are aware
about KDB has highlighted that 62.5 per cent of the respondents are
satisfied with the working of KDB. Education-wise, the table highlights
that all the respondents from category E3 followed by categories E5
(83.33%), E4 (60%) and E1 (55.55%) are satisfied with their working. The
Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no
significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different educational categories with respect to awareness about
Kurukshetra Development Board. Pilgrims-wise, the table reveals that
all the respondents from categories T3 and T4 followed by categories T1
(70%) are satisfied with KDB’s working. However, almost 75 per cent of
the respondents from category T2 are not satisfied with working of KDB.
The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that
significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to the
different
pilgrim
categories
with
respect
to
awareness
about
Kurukshetra Development Board.
Further, in response to a query 86 per cent of the respondents
have shown their intention to re-visiting Kurukshetra followed by those
who are not sure about their repeat visit (12%). However, 2 per cent of
the respondents are those who do not want to visit Kurukshetra again.
Section-5
Haridwar known as ‘Gateway to Gods’ is one of the first cities
where Ganga emerges from the mountains to touch the plains. It is also
starting point for pilgrimage to 4 Dhams of Uttaranchal i.e Gangotari,
Yamunotri, Kedarnath and Badrinath. This place is home for some
important Hindu rituals and the devotees come here throughout the
year to perform poojas and prayers. Further, millions of people visit the
place during Kumbh Mela held after every 12 years. This section
attempts to know the awareness of pilgrims regarding important places
in and around Haridwar, their behaviour during visit to Haridwar,
Rishikesh and Neelkanth and problems faced by them at these
pilgrimage centres.
Education-Wise and Type of Pilgrim-Wise Distribution
Education-wise, Table-6.94 shows that 29 per cent of the
respondents surveyed belong to category E2 followed by categories E3
(24%), E4 (18%), E1 (16%) and E5 (13%). Further, pilgrim-wise, 44 per
cent of the respondents belong to category T2 that is family. It is
followed by categories T4 (24%), T3 (20%), and T1 (12%).
Table-6.94
Education-Wise/ Pilgrim-Wise Distribution of the Respondents
Pilgrim
Categories
T1
E1
1
(1)
14
(14)
1
(1)
16
T2
T3
T4
N
Educational Categories
E2
E3
E4
5
2
2
(5)
(2)
(2)
9
17
12
(9)
(17)
(12)
4
2
(4)
(2)
11
3
4
(11)
(3)
(4)
29
24
18
Total
E5
3
(3)
5
(5)
-
12
(12)
44
(44)
20
(20)
24
(24)
100
5
(5)
13
N represents total number of the respondents surveyed.
Figures in parenthesis in this table and tables to follow represent
percentages
Purpose of Visit
The
education-wise
and
pilgrim-wise
responses
of
the
respondents regarding their purpose of visit have been presented in
Table 6.95.
Table 6.95
Purpose of Visiting Haridwar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Purpose of Visit
Pilgrimage
Visiting Friends/Relatives
Adventure Tour
Rituals
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
16
26
22
17
11
10
42
19
(100) (89.65) (91.66) (94.44)(84.61) (83.33) (95.45) (95)
2
3
1
3
2
4
(6.89) (12.5) (5.55) (23.07) (16.66) (9.09)
9
4
5
4
2
1
10
9
(56.25) (13.79) (20.83) (22.22)(15.38) (8.33) (22.72) (45)
8
6
4
3
2
5
6
11
(50) (20.68) (16.66) (16.66)(15.38) (41.66) (13.63) (55)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
Total
T4
21
(87.5)
3
(12.5)
4
(16.66)
1
(4.16)
24
92
(92)
9
(9)
24
(24)
23
(23)
100
Table-6.95 reveals that a vast majority of respondents (92%) have
visited Haridwar for pilgrimage followed by those who have come here
for adventure tour (24%), rituals (23%) and visiting friends and relatives
(9%). Education-wise the table shows that all the respondents from
categories E1 followed by categories E4 (94.44%), E3 (91.66%), E2
(89.65%) and E5 (84.61%) have visited Haridwar for pilgrimage. Further,
56.25 per cent of the respondents from category E1 followed by
categories E4 (22.22%) and E3 (20.83%) have visited Haridwar for
adventure. Similarly, 50 per cent of the respondents from category E 1
and 15-20 per cent of the respondents from other categories have
visited this place to perform rituals. However, 23.07 per cent of the
respondents from category E5 have come here to visit friends and
relatives. Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of
their categories have visited Haridwar for pilgrimage. Further, 45 per
cent of the respondents from category T3 followed by categories T2
(22.72%) and T4 (16.66%) have visited here for adventure. 55 per cent of
the respondents from category T3 followed by category T1 (41.66%) have
visited this place to perform rituals. However, 16.66 per cent of the
respondents from category T1 have come here to visit friends and
relatives.
Frequency of Visit
Education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of the respondents in
this regard have been given in Table-6.96.
Table-6.96
Frequency of Visiting Haridwar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Frequency of Visit
Once
2-5 Times
More than 5 Times
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
10
15
8
6
4
10
14
11
39
(62.5) (51.72) (33.33)(33.33)
(33.33) (22.72) (70) (45.83) (39)
5
12
12
6
8
4
24
5
10
43
(31.25) (41.37) (50) (33.33) (61.53) (33.33) (54.54) (25) (41.66) (43)
1
2
4
6
5
4
10
1
3
18
(6.25) (6.89) (16.66)(33.33) (38.46) (33.33) (22.72) (5) (12.5) (18)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24
100
Chi-square value for educational categories = 19.73, d.f. = 8,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 15.83, d.f. = 6,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Table 6.96 highlights that 43 per cent of the respondents have
visited Haridwar 2-5 times. It is followed by those who have visited once
(39%) and more than 5 times (18%). Education-wise, the table reveals
that 61.53 per cent of the respondents from category E5 followed by
categories E3 (50%), E2 (41.37%), E4 (33.33%) and E1 (31.25%) have
visited Haridwar 2-5 times. Further 62.5 per cent of the respondents
from category E1 followed by categories E2 (51.72%), E3 and E4
(33.33%each) have visited here once. Comparatively, a large number of
respondents from category E5 (38.46%) followed by category E4 (33.33%)
have visited more than 5 times. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level
of significance shows that significant behavioural differences exist
among the respondents belonging to different educational categories
with respect to their frequency of visit. Pilgrim-wise, the table indicates
that 54.54 per cent of the respondents from category T2 followed by
categories T4 (41.66%), T1 (33.33%) and T3 (25%) have visited Haridwar
2-5 times. Similarly, 70 per cent of the respondents from category T3
followed by categories T4 (45.83%) and T1 (33.33%) have visited only
once. 33.33 per cent of the respondents from category T1 have visited
more than 5 times. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance
shows
that
significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents belonging to different categories of pilgrims with respect to
their frequencies of visit.
Sources of Information Used by the Respondents
The
education-wise
and
pilgrims-wise
responses
of
the
respondents regarding the sources of information used by them have
been presented in Table-6.97.
Table-6.97
Sources of Information Used by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Source
Religious Books
Magazines
Television
Friends
Parents
Internet
Radio
Total
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
11
4
3
2
3
13
2
(37.93) (16.66) (16.66) (15.38) (25) (29.54) (10)
3
2
1
1
1
3
2
(10.34) (8.33) (5.55) (7.69) (8.33) (6.81) (10)
3
2
1
1
1
4
2
(10.34) (8.33) (5.55) (7.69) (8.33) (9.09) (10)
13
12
9
6
3
3
18
17
(81.25)(41.37) (37.5) (33.33) (23.07) (25) (40.90) (85)
16
28
23
18
12
12
42
20
(100) (96.55) (95.83) (100) (92.30) (100) (95.45) (100)
1
2
1
1
1
3
1
(3.44) (8.33) (5.55) (7.69) (8.33) (6.81) (5)
1
4
2
2
1
1
5
3
(6.25) (13.79) (8.33) (11.11) (7.69) (8.33) (11.36) (15)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
Total
T4
2
(8.33)
1
(4.16)
-
20
(20)
7
(7)
7
(7)
5
43
(20.83) (43)
23
97
(95.83) (97)
5
(5)
1
10
(4.16) (10)
24
100
Note: Percentages are more than hundred because of multiple choices.
Table-6.97 highlights that 97 per cent of the respondents have
come to know about Haridwar through their parents. It is followed by
those who have got information from their friends (43%), religious books
(20%), radio (10%), magazines, television and internet (5%). Educationwise, the table reveals that a vast majority of respondents irrespective of
their educational category have got information from their parents.
Further, 81.25 per cent of the respondents from category E1 followed by
categories E2 (41.37%), E3 (37.5%) and E4 (33.33%) have got information
from friends. 37.93 per cent of the respondents from category E2 and
around 15 per cent of the respondents from categories E 3, E4 and E5
have got this information through religious books. Similarly, 13.79 per
cent of the respondents from category E2 have used radio as a source of
information. However, only few respondents have used the magazines,
television and internet for obtaining information about Haridwar.
Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
category have got information from their parents. 85 per cent of the
respondents from category T3 followed by categories T2 (40.90%) and T1
(25%) have got information from friends. Further, 29.54 per cent of the
respondents from category T2 followed by category T1 (25%) have got the
information from religious books. 11.36 per cent of the respondents
from category T2 have got the information from radio, magazine,
television, and internet as a source of information has been used only
by a few respondents.
Visit to Rishikesh and Neelkanth
Rishikesh is the place associated with munis and meditation. It
is believed that a large number of sages and yogis meditated here. Some
important places like Lakshman Jhula and Ram Jhula are also situated
here and attract a large number of visitors.
Neelkanth is the place
where beautiful temple of Lord Shiva is situated. To know whether
tourists visited these places along with Haridwar, they were asked for
the same. The results reveals that a vast majority of respondents (n=82)
irrespective of their categories have visited Rishikesh.
Table-6.98
Respondents Visited Neelkanth
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Visit Neelkanth
Yes
No
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
4
10
6
9
8
5
14
6
12
37
(28.57) (38.46) (35.29) (64.28)(72.72) (55.55) (43.75) (33.33)(52.17) (45.12)
10
16
11
5
3
4
18
12
11
45
(71.42) (61.53) (64.70) (35.71)(27.27) (44.44) (56.25) (66.66)(47.82) (54.87)
14
26
17
14
11
9
32
18
23
82
Chi-square value for educational categories =8.13, d.f. =4,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =1.89, d.f. = 3,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Out of 82 respondents who have visited Rishikesh, a large
number of the respondents (54.87%) irrespective of their category have
not visited Neelkanth (see Table 6.97). Education-wise the table reveals
that 71.42 per cent of the respondents from category E1 followed by
categories E3 (64.70%) and E2 (61.53%) have not visited Neelkanth.
However, 72.72 per cent of the respondents from category E 5 followed by
categories E4 (64.28%), E2 (38.46%) and E3 (35.29%) have visited
Neelkanth while visiting Haridwar. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent
level of significance shows that no significant differences exist among
the respondents belonging to different educational categories with
respect to their visit to Neelkanth. Pilgrim-wise, 66.66 per cent of the
respondents from category T3 followed by categories T2 (56.25%), T4
(47.82%) and T1 (44.44%) have not visited Neelkanth. However 55.55
per cent of the respondents from category T1 followed by categories T4
(52.17%), T2 (43.75%) and T3 (33.33%) have visited Neelkanth while
visiting Haridwar. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that no significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to
their visit to Neelkanth.
Transportation Used by the Respondents
Bus,
train,
and
own
vehicles
are
the
main
source
of
transportation to visit Haridwar. Similarly, for visiting nearby places
local bus, taxi, autos and own cars is the main source of transportation.
To know the mode of transportation used by the respondents, they were
asked for the same. Table-6.99 depicts education-wise and pilgrimswise responses in this regard respectively.
Table-6.99
Mode of Transportation Used by the Respondents to Reach
Haridwar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Transport Used(Haridwar)Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
Bus
13
11
10
11
5
6
17
19
8
50
(81.25) (37.93) (41.66)(61.11) (38.46) (50) (38.63) (95) (33.33) (50)
Train
3
15
7
6
2
4
17
1
11
33
(18.75) (51.72) (29.16)(33.33) (15.38) (33.33) (38.63) (5) (45.83) (33)
Own Vehicle
3
7
1
6
2
10
5
17
(10.34) (29.16) (5.55) (46.15) (16.66) (22.72)
(20.83) (17)
N
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24
100
Chi-square value for educational categories = 23.94, d.f = 8,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories=21.40, d.f. = 6,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table-6.99 highlights that 50 per cent of the respondents have
visited Haridwar by bus followed by train (33%) and own vehicles (17%).
Education-wise, the data reveals that majority of the respondents from
categories E1 (81.25%) and E4 (61.11%) have visited the place by bus
whereas 51.72 per cent of the respondents from category E2 followed by
categories E4 (33.33%), and E3 (29.16%) have visited here by train.
Similarly, 46.15 per cent of the respondents from category E5 have
visited Haridwar by their own vehicles. The Chi-square value at 5 per
cent level of significance shows that significant differences exist among
the respondents belonging to different educational categories with
respect to mode of transportation used by them to visit Haridwar.
Pilgrim-wise, a large number of the respondents from categories T3
(95%), T1 (50%), T2 (38.63%) and T4 (33.33%) have visited Haridwar by
bus whereas 45.83 per cent of the respondents from category T4
followed by categories T2 (38.63%) and T1 (33.33%) have visited here by
train. Further, around 20 per cent of the respondents from categories T2
and T4 have visited by their own vehicles. The Chi-square value at 5 per
cent level of significance shows that significant differences exist among
the pilgrim categories with respect to mode of transportation used by
them to visit Haridwar.
Table-6.100
Mode of Transportation Used by the Respondents to Visit
Rishikesh
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Transportation Mode(Rishikesh)Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
Bus
6
14
4
7
3
3
10
9
12
34
(42.85) (53.84)(23.52) (50) (27.27) (33.33) (31.25) (50) (52.17) (41.46)
Auto
8
9
8
7
2
4
16
9
5
34
(57.14) (34.61)(47.05) (50) (18.18) (44.44) (50) (50) (21.73) (41.46)
Own Car
3
5
6
2
6
6
14
(11.53)(29.41)
(54.54) (22.22) (18.75)
(26.08) (17.07)
N
14
26
17
14
11
9
32
18
23
82
Chi-square value for educational categories=21.81, d.f. = 8,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories=9.31, d.f. = 6,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Further,
Table-6.100
indicates
that
an
equal
number
of
respondents (41.46%) have visited Rishikesh by bus and autos followed
by their own vehicles (17.07%). Education-wise, the data reveals that
majority of the respondents from categories E1 (57.14%) and E4 (50%)
followed by category E3 (47.05%) have visited the place by autos
whereas, 53.84 per cent of the respondents from category E 2 followed by
categories E4 (50%), and E1 (42.85%) have visited here by bus. Similarly,
54.54 per cent of the respondents from category E5 have visited
Rishikesh by their own cars. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance
shows
that
significant
differences
exist
among
the
respondents belonging to different educational categories with respect
to mode of transportation used by them to visit Rishikesh. Pilgrim-wise,
52.17 per cent of the respondents from categories T4 followed by
categories T3 (50%), T1 (33.33%) and T2 (31.25%) have visited Rishikesh
by bus whereas an equal number of respondents from categories T2 and
T3 followed by category T1 (44.44%) have visited here by auto. Further,
26.08 per cent of the respondents from category T4 followed by category
T1 (22.22%) have visited by their own cars. The Chi-square value at 5
per cent level of significance shows that no significant differences exist
among the pilgrim categories with respect to mode of transportation
used by them to visit Rishikesh.
Further, in response to a query a large number of respondents
irrespective of their category have used taxi to visit Neelkanth from
Rishikesh. Similarly, a large number of the respondents have expressed
their satisfaction with regard to the condition of roads approaching to
Haridwar.
Respondents’ Period of Stay and Accommodation Preference
at Haridwar
To know about respondents’ period of stay at Haridwar the
respondents were asked about it. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise
responses of the respondents have been shown in Table-6.101.
Table-6.101
Days Stayed in Haridwar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Days Stayed Haridwar
1 day
2 days
3-5 days
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
2
10
13
8
8
6
25
2
8
(12.5) (34.48) (54.16) (44.44)(61.53) (50) (56.81) (10) (33.33)
14
15
11
7
5
5
18
18
11
(87.5) (51.72) (45.83) (38.88)(38.46) (41.66) (40.90) (90) (45.83)
4
3
1
1
5
(13.79)
(16.66)
(8.33) (2.27)
(20.83)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24
Total
41
(41)
52
(52)
7
(7)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories=27.46, d.f = 12,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories =28.32, d.f =9,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table 6.101 highlights that majority of the respondents (52%)
have stayed in Haridwar for 2 days. It is followed by those who have
stayed for one day (41%) and 3-5 days (7%). Education- wise, the data
reveals that 87.5 per cent of the respondents from category E1 and 3555 per cent of the respondents from other categories have stayed at
Haridwar for 2 days. Further, a vast majority of the respondents from
category E5 (61.53%) followed by category E3 (54.16%) and E4 (44.44%)
have stayed for one day at Haridwar. However, 16.66 per cent of the
respondents from category E4 have stayed for 3-5 days in Haridwar. The
Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that
significant differences exist among the respondents belonging to
different educational categories with respect to their staying behaviour
at Haridwar. Pilgrim-wise, 90 per cent of the respondents from category
T3 and 40-45 per cent of the respondents from other categories have
stayed in Haridwar for 2 days. It is worth mentioning that 56.81 per
cent of the respondents from category T2 and 50 per cent of the
respondents from category T1 have stayed here for one day only.
Further, 20.83 per cent of the respondents from category T4 have stayed
for 3-5 days in Haridwar. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that no significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to
their decision to stay at Haridwar. Further, a vast majority of the
respondents who have visited Rishikesh (n=82) and Neelkanth (n=37)
have stayed for less than one day in Rishikesh and Neelkanth
respectively.
Further, in response to a query, a majority of the respondents
have visited Haridwar during summer. The respondents who stayed at
night at Haridwar (n=95) were further asked about the place of their
stay. Their responses have been shown in Table-6.102.
Table-6.102
Accommodation Preferences by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Accommodation Preferred
Budget Hotel
Dharamsala
Ashram
Place of Purohits
With Relatives
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
2
7
4
5
1
14
3
18
(6.89) (35) (23.52) (38.46) (8.33) (35.89)
(12.5) (18.94)
12
18
7
8
2
7
11
14
15
47
(75) (62.06) (35) (47.05) (15.38)(58.33) (28.20) (70) (62.5) (49.47)
2
4
1
4
3
1
8
2
3
14
(12.5) (13.79) (5) (23.52) (23.07) (8.33) (20.51) (10) (12.5) (14.73)
2
3
2
1
2
4
7
(12.5) (10.34) (10)
(8.33) (5.12) (20)
(7.36)
2
3
1
3
2
4
3
9
(6.89) (15) (5.88) (23.07)(16.66) (10.25)
(12.5) (9.47)
16
29
20
17
13
12
39
20
24
95
E1
-
N
Chi-square value for educational categories = 29.05, d.f = 16,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 28.01, d.f = 12,
Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table-6.102 indicates that a large number of respondents
(49.47%) have stayed in dharamsala followed by those who have stayed
in budgeted hotel (18.94%), ashram (14.73%), with relatives (9.47%)
and place of purohits (7.36%). Education-wise, the table shows that 75
per cent of the respondents from categories E1 followed by categories E2
(62.06%) and E4 (47.05%) have stayed in dharamsala. However, 38.46
per cent of the respondents from category E5 followed by category E3
(35%) have stayed in budgeted hotel. Almost 23 per cent of the
respondents from categories E4 and E5 have stayed in ashrsam.
Similarly, 23.07 per cent of the respondents from category E5 have
stayed with their relatives whereas 12.5 per cent of the respondents
from category E1 have stayed at place of purohits. The Chi-square value
at 5 per cent level of significance shows that significant differences exist
among the respondents belonging to different educational categories
with respect to accommodation preference in Haridwar. Pilgrims-wise, a
vast majority of respondents (except category T2) have stayed in
dharamsala. Further, 35.89 per cent of the respondents from category
T2 have stayed in budgeted hotel. However, 20.51 per cent of the
respondents from category T2 have stayed in ashram. Similarly, 20 per
cent of the respondents from category T3 have stayed at place of purohit
whereas 16.66 per cent of the respondents from category T1 have stayed
with relatives. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of significance
shows that significant differences exist among the respondents
belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to accommodation
preference in Haridwar.
Further, in response to a query a large number of respondents
have chosen that place for stay in which they stayed earlier. To know
the reasons for choosing a particular accommodation, the respondents
were asked for the same. Their responses have been given in Table
6.103.
Table-6.103
Reasons for Stay at a Particular Accommodation in Haridwar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Reasons to Stay
Tariff
Good Location
Quality of Services
Advertisement
Cleanliness
Image
Easy Accessibility
Nearness to Ganga
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
13
15
14
12
6
7
24
17
12
60
(81.25)(51.72) (70) (70.58) (46.15) (58.33) (61.53) (85) (50) (63.15)
1
4
4
3
1
8
1
2
12
(3.44) (20) (23.52) (23.07) (8.33) (20.51) (5) (8.33) (12.63)
1
4
2
4
1
7
1
2
11
(3.44) (20) (11.76) (30.76) (8.33) (17.94) (5) (8.33) (11.57)
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
(3.44)
(5.88) (7.69) (8.33) (2.56) (5)
(3.15)
2
5
8
5
6
2
17
3
4
26
(12.5) (17.24) (40) (29.41) (46.15) (16.66) (43.58) (15) (16.66) (27.36)
6
4
5
2
1
14
1
1
17
(20.68) (20) (29.41) (15.38) (8.33) (35.89) (5) (4.16) (17.89)
15
27
20
15
12
12
36
19
22
89
(93.75)(93.10) (100) (88.23) (92.30) (100) (92.30) (95) (91.66) (93.68)
8
10
5
4
3
3
13
8
6
30
(50) (34.48) (25) (23.52) (23.07) (25) (33.33) (40) (25) (31.57)
16
29
20
17
13
12
39
20
24
95
Table-6.103 highlights that 89 per cent of the respondents have
been influenced by easy accessibility, followed by tariff (63.15%),
nearness to Ganga (31.57%), cleanliness (27.36%), image of the places
(17.89%), good location (12.63%), quality of services(11.57%) and
advertisement (3.15%). Education-wise, the table reveals that a vast
majority of the respondents, irrespective of their educational categories
have been influenced by easy accessibility and tariff (except category E5)
while selecting a place for stay at Haridwar. Further, 50 per cent of the
respondents from category E1 followed by category E2 (34.48%) and
around 20 per cent of the respondents from categories T3, T4 and T5
have been influenced by nearness to Ganga. Similarly, 46.15 per cent of
the respondents from category E5 followed by categories E3 (40%) and E4
(29.41%) have been influenced by cleanliness whereas 29.41 per cent of
the respondents from category E4 have been influenced by image of the
residing place. 10-30 per cent of the respondents from categories E3, E4
and E5 have been influenced by location and quality of services. The
percentage share of the respondents who have been influenced by
advertisement is negligible. Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of respondents
irrespective
of
their
categories
have
been
influenced
by
easy
accessibility and tariff while selecting a place for stay at Haridwar.
Further, 25-40 per cent of the respondents have been influenced by
nearness to Ganga. Similarly, 43.58 per cent of the respondents from
category T2 have been influenced by cleanliness whereas 35.89 per cent
of the respondents from category T2 have been influenced by image of
the residing place. 20.51 per cent of the respondents from categories T2
have been influenced by location whereas 17.94 per cent of the
respondents from category T2 have been influenced by quality of
services. The percentage share of the respondents who have influenced
by advertisement is negligible.
Further, in response to a query regarding the total time period
spent by the respondents on their visit to Haridwar, a majority of the
respondents irrespective of their categories have spent ‘3-5 days’ for the
same.
Awareness and Places Visited In and Around Haridwar
There are large number of places of tourist interest within
Haridwar and around Haridwar. However, many of such places may not
be known to the tourists. Further, all such places may not be popular
among tourists and they may not visit these. Thus, the respondents
were asked to state whether they were aware of the listed destinations
in Haridwar or not. Further, to compare the awareness level, the
respondents aware about the destination were given score one and
those who were unaware were given score zero. Thus, the total score of
the respondents were summed up category- wise. To get the average
mean awareness, the category-wise total score so scored was divided by
total number of the respondents and total number of destinations. The
education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses of the respondents have
been shown in Tables 6.104 and 6.105.
Table-6.104
Awareness of Places in Haridwar
(Education –Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Awareness About Places(In
Haridwar)
Chandi Mandir
Har Ki Podi
Mansa Mandir
Maya Devi Mandir
Bhim Goda
Shanti Kunj
India Temple
Dakshparjapati Mandir
Vaishno Devi Mandir
Bharat Mata Temple
Ram Jhula
Bilkeshwar Mahadev Mandir
Dudhadhari Mandir
Karteke Mandir
Lakshman Jhula
Neelkanth
Hemkund Sahib Gurudwara
N
Average Weighted Score
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
15
29
24
17
13
12
43
19
24
98
(93.75) (100) (100) (94.44) (100) (100) (97.72) (95) (100) (98)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24 100
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
16
27
24
18
13
12
44
20
22
98
(100) (93.10) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)(91.66) (98)
1
5
7
4
6
3
14
2
4
23
(6.25) (17.24) (29.16) (22.22) (100) (25) (31.81) (10) (16.66) (23)
10
16
10
11
8
7
24
13
11
55
(62.5) (55.17) (41.66) (61.11) (100) (58.33) (54.54) (65) (45.83) (55)
2
18
12
13
8
7
29
4
13
53
(12.5) (62.06) (50) (72.22)(61.53) (58.33) (65.90) (20) (54.16) (53)
5
21
15
13
9
7
33
7
16
63
(31.25) (72.41) (62.5) (72.22)(69.23) (58.33) (75) (35) (66.66) (63)
12
24
20
16
11
9
41
13
20
83
(75) (82.75) (83.33) (88.88)(84.61) (75) (93.18) (65) (83.33) (83)
8
22
15
13
9
9
32
11
15
67
(50) (75.86) (62.5) (72.22)(72.22) (75) (72.72) (55) (62.5) (67)
7
21
15
13
9
8
32
10
15
65
(43.75) (72.41) (62.5) (72.22)(69.23) (66.66) (72.72) (50) (62.5) (65)
13
29
22
17
10
11
41
19
20
91
(81.25) (100) (91.66) (94.44)(76.92) (91.66) (93.18) (95) (83.33) (91)
7
21
20
12
9
8
37
8
16
69
(43.75) (72.41) (83.33) (66.66)(69.23) (66.66) (84.09) (40) (66.66) (69)
4
14
12
12
9
6
27
6
12
51
(25) (48.27) (50) (66.66)(69.23) (50) (61.36) (30) (50) (51)
1
13
6
10
4
4
17
1
12
34
(6.25) (44.82) (25) (55.55)(30.76) (33.33) (38.63) (5) (50) (34)
15
28
24
17
10
12
42
20
20
94
(93.75) (96.55) (100) (94.44)(76.92) (100) (95.45) (100)(83.33) (94)
12
24
22
14
10
11
37
15
19
82
(75) (82.75) (91.66) (77.77)(76.92) (91.66) (84.09) (75) (79.16) (82)
1
3
1
3
2
4
1
1
8
(6.25)
(12.5) (5.55) (23.07) (16.66) (9.09) (5) (4.16) (8)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24 100
0.53 0.69 0.67 0.68 0.69 0.74 0.72 0.55 0.64 0.66
Regarding awareness about places in and around Haridwar,
Table 6.104 highlights that all the respondents are aware about Har Ki
Podi followed by Mansa Devi and Chandi Mandir (98%
each),
Laskshman Jhula (94%), Ram Jhula (91%), Daksh Parjapati Mandir
(83%), Neelkanth (82%), Bilkeshwar Mahadev Mandir (69%), Vaishno
devi Mandir (67%), Bharat Mata Temple (65%), India Temple (63%),
Bhim Goda (55%), Shanti Kunj (53%), Dudhadhari Mandir (51%),
Karteke Mandir (34%), Devi Mandir (23%) and Hemkund Sahib
Gurudwara (8%). Education–wise, the table shows that a vast majority
of the respondents irrespective of their educational categories are aware
about Har Ki Podi, Mansa Devi, Chandi Mandir, Laskshman Jhula,
Ram Jhula, Daksh Parjapati Mandir, Neelkanth, Bilkeshwar Mahadev
(except category E1), Vaishno devi Mandir, Bharat Mata Temple (except
category E1), India Temple (except category E1), Bhim Goda (except
category E3), Shanti Kunj (except category E1) and Dudhadhari Mandir
(except category E1). Further all the respondents from category E5 and
20-30 per cent of the respondents from categories E3 and E4 are aware
about Maya Devi Mandir. 55.55 per cent of the respondents from
category E4 followed by categories E2 (44.82%), E5 (30.76%) and E3
(25%) are aware about Karteke Mandir. However, 23.07 per cent of the
respondents from category E5 are aware about Hemkund Sahib
Gurudwara. Category-wise the mean awareness score has been highest
for category E2 and E5 (0.69 each) followed by categories E4 (0.68), E3
(0.67) and E1 (0.53). Pilgrim–wise, the table shows that a vast majority
of the respondents irrespective of their categories are aware about Har
Ki Podi, Mansa Devi, Chandi Mandir, Laskshman Jhula, Ram Jhula,
Daksh Parjapati Mandir, Neelkanth, Bilkeshwar Mahadev (except
category T3), Vaishno Devi Mandir, Bharat Mata Temple, India Temple
(except category T3), Bhim Goda (except category T4), Shanti Kunj
(except category T3) and Dudhadhari Mandir (except category T3).
Further 50 per cent of the respondents from category T4 followed by
categories T2 (38.63%) and T1 (33.33%) are aware about Karteke Mandir.
15-35 per cent of the respondents (except category T3) are aware about
Maya Devi Mandir. Similarly, 16.66 per cent of the respondents from
category T1 are aware about Hemkund Sahib Gurudwara. Category-wise
the mean awareness score has been highest for category T1 (0.74)
followed by categories T2 (0.72), T4 (0.64) and T3 (0.55).
Table-6.105
Places Visited In and Around Haridwar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Places Visited
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
Chandi Mandir
15
25
21
17
13
10
40
18
23
91
(93.75) (86.20) (87.5) (94.44) (100) (83.33)(90.90) (90) (95.83) (91)
Mansa Devi
16
27
22
18
13
11
42
19
24
96
(100) (93.10) (91.66) (100) (100) (91.66)(95.45) (95) (100) (96)
Har Ki Podi
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24 100
(100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100) (100)
Maya Devi Mandir
7
5
4
4
12
1
7
20
(24.13) (20.83) (22.22) (30.76)
(27.27) (5) (29.16) (20)
Bhim Goda
9
8
7
10
4
17
11
10
38
(56.25) (27.58) (29.16) (55.55) (30.76)
(38.63) (55) (41.66) (38)
Shanti Kunj
3
11
10
10
6
24
3
13
40
(18.75) (37.93) (41.66) (55.55) (46.15)
(54.54) (15) (54.16) (40)
India Temple
7
17
14
12
5
6
27
9
13
55
(43.75) (58.62) (58.33) (66.66) (38.46) (50) (61.36) (45) (54.16) (55)
Dakshparjapati Mandir
11
20
19
15
10
7
38
13
17
75
(68.75) (68.96) (79.16) (83.33) (76.92) (58.33)(86.36) (65) (70.83) (75)
Vaishno Devi Mandir
7
17
13
11
4
5
24
9
14
52
(43.75) (58.62) (54.16) (61.11) (30.76) (41.66)(54.54) (45) (58.33) (52)
Bharat Mata Temple
6
17
13
11
4
5
25
8
13
51
(37.5) (58.62) (54.16) (61.11) (30.76) (41.66)(56.81) (40) (54.16) (51)
Ram Jhula
13
24
16
15
8
9
33
18
16
76
(81.25) (82.75) (66.66) (83.33) (61.53) (75) (75) (90) (66.66) (76)
Bilkeshwar Mahadev Mandir
7
17
16
11
6
5
30
6
16
57
(43.75) (58.62) (66.66) (61.11) (46.15) (41.66)(68.18) (30) (66.66) (57)
Dudhadhari Mandir
6
14
8
9
6
4
25
8
6
43
(37.5) (48.27) (33.33) (50) (46.15) (33.33)(56.81) (40) (25) (43)
Karteke Mandir
6
2
7
2
2
9
6
17
(20.68) (8.33) (38.88) (15.38) (16.67)(20.45)
(25) (17)
Lakshman Jhula
14
24
18
15
9
9
35
18
18
80
(87.5) (82.75) (75) (83.33) (69.23) (75) (79.54) (90) (75) (80)
Neelkanth
2
11
5
10
7
5
16
4
10
35
(12.5) (37.93) (20.833)(55.55) (53.84) (41.66)(36.36) (20) (41.66) (35)
Hemkund Sahib Gurudwara
1
1
1
1
2
(4.16)
(7.69) (8.33) (2.27)
(2)
N
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24 100
Table-6.105 shows that all the respondents have visited Har Ki
Podi. Further, a vast majority of respondents have visited Mansa Devi
(96%), Chandi Mandir (91%), Laskshman Jhula (80%), Ram Jhula
(76%), Daksh Parjapati Mandir (75%), Bilkeshwar Mahadev (57%), India
Temple (55%), Vaishno Devi Mandir (52%) and Bharat Mata Temple
(51%). Further, 43 per cent of the respondents have visited Dudhadhari
Mandir followed by Shanti Kunj (40%), Bhim Goda (38%), Neelkanth
(35%), Maya Mandir (20%), Karteke Mandir (17%) and Hemkund Sahib
Gurudwara (2%). Education–wise, the table shows that a vast majority
of the respondents irrespective of their educational categories have
visited Har Ki Podi, Mansa Devi, Chandi Mandir, Laskshman Jhula,
Ram Jhula, Daksh Parjapati Mandir, Bilkeshwar Mahadev (except
categories E1 and E5), India Temple (except categories E1 and E5),
Vaishno Devi Mandir (except categories E1 and E5), Bharat Mata Temple
(except categories E1 and E5) and Neelkanth (except categories E1, E2
and E3). Further, 20-60 per cent of the respondents have visited Maya
Mandir (except category E1), Bhim Goda, Shanti Kunj (except category
E1), Dudhadhari Mandir and Karteke Mandir (except categories E 1, E2
and E3). The percentage share of the respondents who have visited
Hemkund Sahib Gurudwara is negligible. Pilgrim–wise, the table shows
that a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their categories
are aware about Har Ki Podi, Mansa Devi, Chandi Mandir, Laskshman
Jhula, Ram Jhula, Daksh Parjapati Mandir, Bilkeshwar Mahadev
Mandir (except category T1 and T3), Vaishno Devi Mandir (except
categories T1 and T3), Bharat Mata Temple (except categories T1 and T3),
India Temple (except category T3), Shanti Kunj (except categories T1 and
T3). Further, 20-60 per cent of the respondents have visited Neelkanth,
Dudhadhari Mandir, Bhim Goda (except category T1), Karteke Mandir
(except categories T1 and T3) and Maya Mandir(except categories T1 and
T3). The Percnetage share of the respondents who have visited
Hemkund Sahib Gurudwara is negligible.
Mode Used for Chandi Mandir and Mansa Devi Mandir
There is mainly two path viz. trolley and road for visiting Mansa
Mandir and Chandi Mandir. In response to a query from the
respondents who have visited Mansa Devi Mandir (n=96) and Chandi
Mandir (n=91), a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
categories have used the trolley mode of transportation . Further,
majority of the respondents who visited these places by trolley have
complained regarding long waiting time and high tariff.
Shopping Facility
Haridwar is popular for different types of goods like clothes, dry
fruits, medicines, antiques and religious books. Visitors buy these
things according to their convenience. To know the responses of the
respondents regarding type of goods purchased by them, they were
asked for the same. The education-wise and pilgrim-wise responses in
this respect have been presented in Table 6.106.
Table-6.106
Goods Preferred for Shopping in Haridwar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Kind of Shopping
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
Clothes
1
3
4
1
3
4
2
(6.25) (10.34) (16.66) (5.55)
(6.81) (20) (8.33)
Dry Fruits
1
3
1
4
1
(6.25)
(12.5) (5.55)
(9.09) (5)
Medicines Ayurvedic 13
27
23
15
12
10
41
15
24
(81.25) (93.10) (95.83)(83.33) (92.30) (83.33) (93.18) (75) (100)
Antiques
9
6
11
7
8
4
21
12
4
(56.25) (20.68) (45.83)(38.88) (61.53) (33.33) (47.72) (60) (16.66)
Religious Books
1
16
17
12
7
8
30
3
12
(6.25) (55.17) (70.83)(66.66) (53.84) (66.66) (68.18) (15) (50)
N
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24
Total
9
(9)
5
(5)
90
(90)
41
(41)
53
(53)
100
Table-6.106 reveals that 90 per cent of the respondents have
purchased medicines followed by religious books (53%), antiques (41%),
clothes (9%) and dry fruits (5% ). Education-wise, the table shows that a
vast majority of respondents irrespective of their educational categories
have purchased ayurvedic medicines and religious books (except
category E1). Further, 61.53 per cent of the respondents from category
E5 followed by categories E1 (56.25%), E3 (45.83%), E4 (38.88%) and E2
(20.68%) have purchased antiques. However, 10-20 per cent of the
respondents from categories E3 have purchased dry fruits and clothes.
Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their
category have purchased medicines and religious books (except category
T3). Further, 60 per cent of the respondents from category T3 and 30-50
per cent of the respondents from categories T1 and T2 have purchased
antiques. Similarly, 20 per cent of the respondents from category T 3
have purchased clothes. The percentage share of the respondents who
have purchased dry fruits is negligible.
Total Expenditure by the Respondents
Table-6.107
Total Expenditure by the Respondents in Haridwar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Expenditure
Upto 500
500-1000
1000-2000
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
2
3
4
1
8
2
10
(12.5) (10.34) (16.66) (5.55)
(18.18)
(8.33) (10)
5
13
10
8
3
5
20
8
6
39
(31.25) (44.82) (41.66) (44.44) (23.07) (41.66)(45.45) (40) (25) (39)
9
14
10
9
9
7
17
12
15
51
(56.25) (48.27) (41.66) (50) (69.23) (58.33)(38.63) (60) (62.5) (51)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24
100
Chi-square value for educational categories = 12.61, d.f = 8,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 14.03, d.f = 6,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Regarding
total
average
expenditure
per
person
by
the
respondents in their visit to Haridwar, Table 6.107 shows that majority
of the respondents (51%) have incurred an average expenditure between
Rs.1000-2000 per person followed by those who have spent between Rs.
500-1000 (39%) and up to Rs.500 (10%). Education-wise, a large
number of respondents irrespective of their educational categories have
spent between Rs. 1000-2000. Further, around 40 per cent of the
respondents from categories E2, E3 and E4 have spent between Rs.5001000. However, 16.66 per cent of the respondents from category E3
have spent upto Rs. 500. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that no significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to different educational categories with respect
to total expenditure in Haridwar. Pilgrim-wise the table shows that 5565 per cent of the respondents (except category T2) have spent between
Rs.1000-2000. However, around 40 per cent of the respondents (except
category T4) have spent between Rs.500-1000. Further, 18.18 per cent
of the respondents from category T2 have spent upto Rs.500. The Chisquare value at 5 per cent level of significance shows that no significant
differences exist among the respondents belonging to different pilgrim
categories with respect to total expenditure in Haridwar.
In response to a query, a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their category have spent upto Rs 500 in Rishikesh and
Neelkant while visiting Haridwar.
Awareness and Events Visited by Respondents
Some important events held in Haridwar are Kumbh Mela, Ardh
Kumbh, Badi Ekadshi, Ganga Dushera and Somvati Amavas. To know
the information about the awareness level of the respondents about
these events and events visited by them they were asked about it.
Tables 6.108, 6.109 and 6.110 show the responses of the respondents
in this regard.
Table-6.108
Awareness of Events Held in Haridwar
(Education –Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Events Held
(Awareness)
Ardh Kumbh
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
3
6
11
9
9
5
20
3
10
(18.75)(20.68) (45.83) (50) (69.23)(41.66) (45.45) (15) (41.66)
6
22
15
12
8
9
30
8
16
Kumbh Mela
(37.5) (75.86) (62.5) (66.66) (61.53) (75) (68.18) (40) (66.66)
11
24
20
14
11
9
42
13
16
Ganga Dushera
(68.75)(82.75) (83.33) (77.77) (84.61) (75) (95.45) (65) (66.66)
14
27
21
12
7
10
34
18
19
Somvati Amavas
(87.5) (93.10) (87.5) (66.66) (53.84)(83.33) (77.27) (90) (79.16)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24
N
Total
38
(38)
63
(63)
80
(80)
81
(81)
100
Table-6.108 shows that a vast majority of respondents are aware
about the events ‘Somvati Amavas’ (81%), ‘Ganga Dushera’ (80%) and
‘Kumbh Mela’ (63%). Further, 38 per cent of the respondents are aware
about ‘Ardh Kumbh’. Education-wise distribution of the respondents
shows that a vast majority of respondents irrespective of their category
are aware about the events ‘Somvati Amavas’, ‘Ganga Dushera’ and
‘Kumbh Mela’ (except category E1). Further, 69.23 per cent of the
respondents from category E5 followed by categories E4 (50%) and E3
(45.83%) are aware about ‘Ardh Kumbh’. Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of
respondents are aware about ‘Somvati Amavas’, ‘Ganga Dushera’ and
‘Kumbh Mela’ (except category T3). Further, 45.45 per cent of the
respondents from categories T2 are aware about ‘Ardh Kumbh’.
However, around 40 per cent of the respondents from categories T1 and
T4 are aware about ‘Ardh Kumbh’.
Table-6.109
Events Visited by the Respondents
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Events Visited
Yes
No
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
6
14
12
12
8
7
27
7
11
(37.5)(48.27) (50) (66.66) (61.53)(58.33) (61.36) (35) (45.83)
10
15
12
6
5
5
17
13
13
(62.5)(51.72) (50) (33.33) (38.46)(41.66) (38.63) (65) (54.16)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24
Total
52
(52)
48
(48)
100
Chi-square value for educational categories= 3.57, d.f. = 4,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significance
Chi-square value for pilgrim categories = 4.41, d.f =3,
Not-significant at 5 per cent level of significant
Table-6.109 indicates that majority of the respondents (52%)
have visited the events held in Haridwar. 48 per cent of the respondents
have never visited the events. Education-wise the table shows that
66.66 per cent of the respondents from category E4 followed by
categories E5 (61.53%), E3 (50%) and E2 (48.27%) have visited the
events. However, 62.5 per cent of the respondents from category E1 and
almost 50 per cent of the respondents from categories E2 and E3 have
never visited any event. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level of
significance shows that no differences exist among the respondents
belonging to different educational categories with respect to their visit to
various events held at Haridwar. Pilgrim-wise, 61.36 per cent of the
respondents from category T2 followed by categories T1 (58.33%) and T4
(45.83%) have visited the events held at Haridwar. Further, 65 per cent
of respondents from category T3 followed by category T4 (54.16%) have
not visited any of these events. The Chi-square value at 5 per cent level
of significance shows that significant differences exist among the
respondents belonging to different pilgrim categories with respect to
their visit to such events at Haridwar.
Table-6.110
Name of Events Visited by the Respondents
(Education –Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Events Visited
Kumbh Mela
Ardh Kumbh
Ganga Dushera
Somvati Amavas
N
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
6
4
1
1
1
5
6
(20.68) (16.66) (5.55) (7.69) (8.33) (11.36)
(25)
1
3
2
1
1
2
1
5
(6.25) (10.34) (8.33) (5.55) (7.69)
(4.54) (5) (20.83)
4
5
6
4
3
3
12
4
3
(25) (17.24) (25) (22.22) (23.07) (25) (27.27) (20) (12.5)
5
10
6
9
4
6
17
6
5
(31.25) (34.48) (25) (50) (30.76) (50) (38.63) (30) (20.83)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24
E1
-
Total
12
(12)
8
(8)
22
(22)
34
(34)
100
Table-6.110 indicates that 34 per cent of the respondents have
visited event ‘Somvati Amavas’ followed by those who have visited
‘Ganga Dushera’ (22%), ‘Kumbh Mela’ (12%) and ‘Ardh Kumbh’ (8%).
Education-wise, the table shows 50 per cent of the respondents from
category E4 and around 30 per cent of the respondents from other
categories
have visited ‘Somvati Amavas’. Further, around 25 per cent
of the respondents (except category E2) have visited ‘Ganga Dushera’.
20.68 per cent of the respondents from category E2 have visited ‘Kumbh
Mela’ whereas 10.34 per cent of the respondents from category E2 have
visited ‘Ardh Kumbh’. Pilgrim-wise, table 4.29 shows that 30-50 per
cent of the respondents have visited Somvati Amavas. Further, 27.27
per cent of the respondents from category T2 followed by categories T1
(25%) and T3 (20%) have visited Ganga Dushera. An equal number of
respondents from category T4 (20.83%) have visited Ardh Kumbh and
Somvati Amavas while 25 per cent of the respondents from category T4
have visited Kumb Mela.
Problems Faced by the Respondents in Haridwar
Table-6.111, 6.112 and 6.113 shows the problems faced by the
respondents in Haridwar, Rishikesh and Neelkanth respectively.
Table-6.111
Problems Faced by the Respondents in Haridwar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Problems Accommodation
Non-availability
Lack of cleanliness
Problem in Room Reservation
High Tariff
N
Food
High Rates
Oily and Spicy
Lack of Freshness
Lack of Sitting Arrangement
Lack of Variety
N
Parking
Lack of Space
Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
9
8
8
12
(56.25) (29.62) (47.05) (75)
11
16
9
8
(68.75) (59.25) (52.94) (50)
1
2
(6.25) (7.40)
9
6
8
7
(56.25) (22.22) (47.05) (43.75)
16
27
17
16
Pilgrim Categories
T1
T2
T3
4
18
10
(40) (51.42) (50)
4
18
15
(40) (51.42) (75)
1
1
(10)
(5)
7
1
18
9
(70) (10) (51.42) (45)
10
10
35
20
Total
T4
8
40
(38.09)(46.51)
11
48
(52.38)(55.81)
1
3
(4.76) (3.488)
9
37
(42.85)(43.02)
21
86
16
26
18
12
8
8
33
18
(100) (89.65) (81.81) (66.66)(66.66) (72.72) (78.57) (90)
5
13
14
8
6
5
19
8
(31.25) (44.82) (63.63) (44.44) (50) (45.45) (45.23) (40)
5
4
9
5
5
2
13
6
(31.25) (13.79) (40.90) (27.77)(41.66) (18.18) (30.95) (30)
8
14
9
11
7
3
23
10
(50) (48.27) (40.90) (61.11)(58.33) (27.27) (54.76) (50)
1
1
3
2
5
2
(6.25) (3.44) (13.63) (11.11)
(11.90) (10)
16
29
22
18
12
11
42
20
21
80
(87.5) (82.47)
14
46
(58.33)(47.42)
7
28
(29.16)(28.86)
13
49
(54.16)(50.51)
7
(7.21)
24
97
-
Overcharging
Lack of Security
-
Misbehaving by Concerned
People
N
Transportation
Overcrowding in Buses
-
Inadequate bus services
High Tariff Taxi
Misbehaving by conductor
High Tariff Auto
High Tariff Rikshaw
N
Sanitation
Less Number of Toilets
-
E5
3
(30)
4
(40)
-
3
6
1
6
2
10
(100) (85.71) (100) (100) (100) (100)
3
3
1
5
2
7
(100) (42.85) (100) (83.33) (100) (70)
1
1
1
1
(33.33)
(16.67) (50) (10)
1
1
1
3
(33.33) (14.28)
(16.67)
(30)
3
7
1
6
2
10
-
2
8
5
4
1
7
3
2
(25) (3.44) (29.16) (16.66)(15.38) (16.66) (18.18) (25)
2
2
6
3
3
4
6
1
(12.5) (6.89) (25) (16.66)(23.07) (33.33) (13.63) (5)
1
3
3
2
2
6
2
(6.25) (10.34) (12.5) (11.11)(15.38) (50) (4.54)
5
5
2
1
2
6
5
(31.25)
(20.83) (11.11) (7.69) (16.67) (13.63) (25)
14
20
9
13
8
6
25
18
(87.5) (68.96) (37.5) (72.22)(61.53) (50) (58.81) (90)
1
14
7
6
7
6
17
3
(6.25) (48.27) (29.16) (33.33)(53.84) (50) (38.63) (15)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
9
21
19
11
8
6
(56.25) (72.41) (79.17) (61.11)(61.54) (50)
4
16
(80) (94.12)
3
12
(60) (70.59)
2
(11.76)
3
(17.64)
5
17
2
(8.33)
5
(20.83)
3
(12.5)
-
17
(17)
16
(16)
11
(11)
13
(13)
15
64
(62.5) (64)
9
35
(37.5) (35)
24
100
33
12
17
68
(75) (60) (70.83) (68)
Lack of Cleanliness
Lack of Water
Less Toilets for Females
Overcrowding
Overcharging by Sweeper
Congested Bathrooms
N
Drinking Water
Less Number of Taps
Lack of Cleanliness near Tap
Lack of Fresh Water
Lack of Filtered Water
N
Shopping
High Rate
Low Quality of Product
Misbehaving by Shopkeepers
Lack of Variety
N
Bathing
Slippery Stairs
Less Number of Ladies
Bathrooms
Overcrowding
N
Medical Facilities
Not- availability of Information
Less Number of Doctor
Less Number of Medical Shop
Less Qualified Doctor
Not Attend Properly
Scarcity of Medicines
N
7
20
6
11
9
6
23
12
12
(43.75) (68.96) (25) (61.11)(69.23) (50) (52.27) (60) (50)
1
1
2
2
3
1
2
(6.25)
(4.17) (11.11)(15.38)
(6.82) (5) (8.33)
11
18
14
10
5
2
28
15
13
(68.75) (62.07) (58.33) (55.55)(38.46) (16.67) (63.64) (75) (54.17)
3
8
5
5
4
1
13
6
5
(18.75) (27.59) (20.83) (27.77)(30.77) (8.33) (29.55) (30) (20.83)
16
25
21
14
13
11
38
20
20
(100) (86.21) (87.5) (77.77) (100) (91.67) (86.36) (100) (83.33)
1
4
5
4
2
12
2
2
(6.25) (13.79) (20.83) (22.22)(15.38)
(27.27) (10) (8.33)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24
53
(53)
6
(6)
58
(58)
25
(25)
89
(89)
16
(16)
100
15
25
23
16
12
10
42
17
(93.75) (86.21) (95.83) (88.89)(92.31) (83.33) (95.45) (85)
4
11
9
6
6
2
20
6
(25) (37.93) (37.5) (33.33)(46.15) (16.67) (45.45) (30)
3
3
4
2
1
1
4
5
(18.75) (10.34) (16.67) (11.11) (7.69) (8.33) (9.09) (25)
3
8
8
3
1
1
14
4
(18.75) (27.59) (33.33) (16.67) (7.69) (8.33) (31.82) (20)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
22
(91.67)
8
(33.33)
3
(12.5)
4
(16.67)
24
91
(91)
36
(36)
13
(13)
23
(23)
100
15
28
21
17
10
10
42
19
(93.75) (96.55) (87.5) (94.44)(76.92) (83.33) (95.45) (95)
1
3
3
4
3
3
7
1
(6.25) (10.34) (12.5) (22.22)(23.07) (25) (15.90) (5)
9
3
5
9
2
3
8
11
(56.25) (10.34) (20.83) (50) (15.38) (25) (18.18) (55)
3
6
7
6
3
2
15
4
(18.75) (20.68) (29.16) (33.33)(23.07) (16.66) (34.09) (20)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
20
(83.33)
3
(12.5)
6
(25)
4
(16.66)
24
91
(91)
14
(14)
28
(28)
25
(25)
100
16
29
24
17
12
11
44
20
23
(100) (100) (100) (94.44)(92.30) (91.66) (100) (100) (95.83)
16
28
23
18
12
12
43
20
22
(100) (95.55) (95.83) (100) (92.30) (100) (97.72) (100) (91.66)
12
21
16
14
9
8
34
13
17
(75) (72.41) (66.66) (77.77)(69.23) (66.66) (77.27) (65) (70.83)
16
29
24
18
13
12
44
20
24
98
(98)
97
(97)
72
(72)
100
8
4
5
1
2
1
10
9
20
(50) (13.79) (20.83) (5.55) (15.38) (8.33) (22.72) (45)
(20)
2
1
1
1
1
2
4
(12.5) (3.45)
(7.69) (8.33) (2.27) (10)
(4)
1
1
4
1
2
7
1
1
9
(6.25) (3.45) (16.67) (5.55) (15.38)
(15.90) (5) (4.16) (9)
1
2
1
2
1
1
4
(6.25)
(8.33)
(7.69)
(4.54) (5) (4.16) (4)
2
2
1
3
4
(12.5) (6.89)
(2.27) (15)
(4)
2
2
1
1
2
4
6
(12.5) (6.89) (4.16)
(7.69)
(4.54) (20)
(6)
12
44
20
24
100
16
29
24
18
13
Accommodation
86 respondents who have stayed in Haridwar have highlighted
some problems regarding accommodation as shown in Table 6.111 and
4.31. 55.81 per cent of the respondents have complained regarding lack
of cleanliness. Further, 46.51 per cent of the respondents have faced
the problem regarding non availability of accommodation followed by
those who have complained regarding high tariff (43.02%). The
percentage share of the respondents who have reported the problem
regarding reservation is negligible. Education-wise a vast majority of the
respondents (except category E5) irrespective of their educational
categories have faced the problems of lack of cleanliness. Further, 4575 per cent of the respondents have faced the problem regarding non
availability of accommodation (except categories E2 and E5) and high
tariff (except categories E2 and E4). Pilgrim-wise the table shows that
35-75 per cent of the respondents have faced the problems of non
availability, lack of cleanliness and high tariff (except category E 1). The
percentage share of the respondents irrespective of their educational
and pilgrim category, who have reported the problem regarding
reservation is negligible
Food
97
respondents who
have taken
food
in
Haridwar have
highlighted some food related problems. Table 6.111 depicts that high
rates, lack of sitting facility, oily and spicy nature of food, lack of
freshness and lack of variety are the main food related problems in that
order highlighted by the respondents. Education-wise, a large number
of respondents irrespective of their categories have highlighted the
problems of high rates. Further, 63.63 per cent of the respondents from
categories E3 followed by categories E5 (50%), E3 and E4 (44,44% each)
and E1 (31.25%) have complained regarding oily and spicy nature of
food. Similarily, 25-65 per cent of the respondents have complained
regarding lack of freshness in food and lack of sitting arrangement.
Pilgrim-wise, over 75 per cent of the respondents have highlighted the
problem of high rates of food in Haridwar. Further, 40-60 per cent of
the respondents have complained regarding problems of oily and spicy
nature of food, lack of sitting arrangement. Around 10 per cent of the
respondents from categories T2 and T3 have reported the problem of
lack of variety food.
Parking
17 respondents who have used their own vehicles to visit
Haridwar have highlighted some problems regarding parking as shown
in Table 6.110. The table shows that a large number of respondents
have complained regarding lack of parking space (94.12%) and
overcharging
(70.58%)
followed
by
those
who
have
reported
misbehaving by security persons (17.64%) and lack of security
(11.76%). Education-wise, a vast majority of respondents irrespective of
their educational categories have faced problem of lack of parking space
(except category E1) and overcharging (except category E1 and E3).
Further, an equal number of the respondents from categories E 2
(33.33%) and E5 (16.67%) have complained regarding lack of security
and misbehaving by the security person. Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of
respondents irrespective of their pilgrim categories have faced problem
due to lack of parking space (except category T3) and overcharging
(except category T3). Similarly, 50 per cent of the respondents from
category T1 have complained regarding lack of security and 30 per cent
of the respondents from category T2 have reported the problem of
misbehaving by security person.
Transportation
All the respondents who have visited Haridwar through public
transport have highlighted some problems regarding transportation
used to reach Haridwar and for local movements. The Table 6.111
shows that 64 per cent of the respondents have complained regarding
high tariff charged by auto followed by high tariff charged by rikshaw
(35%), overcrowding (17%), inadequate bus services (16%), misbehaving
by the conductors (13%) and high tariff by taxi (11%). Education-wise,
the table indicates that 87.5 per cent of the respondents from category
E1 have faced problem of high tariff by auto followed by categories E4
(72.22%), E2 (68.96%), and E5 (61.53%). Similarly, 25-55 per cent of the
respondents (except category E1) have complained regarding high tariff
by rikshaw. Further, 15-30 per cent of the respondents have
highlighted the problem of over crowdeding (except category E2) and
inadequate bus services (except categories E1 and E2). 10-15 per cent of
the respondents (except category E1) have reported the problem of high
tariff by taxi whereas 31.25 per cent of the respondents from category
E1 have highlighted the problem of misbehaving by the conductors.
Pilgrim-wise, the table shows that 90 per cent of the respondents from
categories T3 followed by categories T4 (62.5%) and T2 (58.81%) have
highlighted the problem of high tariff of auto. Further, an equal number
of the respondents (50%) from category T1 have complained regarding
high tariff of taxi, auto and rikshaw. Similarly, 15-35 per cent of the
respondents have reported the problem of overcrowding (except category
T4), inadequate bus services (except categories T2 and T3) and
misbehaving by the conductors (except categories T2 and T4).
Sanitation
All the respondents who have visited Haridwar have highlighted
some problems regarding sanitation as shown in Table 6.111. The table
reveals that a majority of the respondents have highlighted the
problems of overcharging by the sweepers (89%), less number of toilets
for males (68%), less number of toilets for females (58%) and lack of
cleanliness (53%).
Moreover, 25 per cent of the respondents have
reported regarding overcrowding followed by congested bathrooms (16%)
and lack of water in toilets (6%). Education-wise, a majority of the
respondents
irrespective
of
their
educational
categories
have
complained regarding overcharging by sweepers, less number of toilets
for males, less number of toilets for females (except category E5) and
lack of cleanliness (except categories E1 and E3). Further, 15-30 per
cent of the respondents have pointed out regarding overcrowding,
congested bathrooms (except categories E1 and E2) and lack of water in
toilets (except categories E1, E2, E3 and E4). Pilgrim-wise, a majority of
the respondents irrespective of their category have reported regarding
overcharging by the sweepers, less number of toilets for males, less
number of toilets for females (except category T1) and and lack of
cleanliness.
Further,
20-30
per
cent
of
the
respondents
have
complained regarding overcrowding (except category T1) and congested
bathrooms (except categories T1, T3 and T4). The percentage share of the
respondents who have complained regarding lack of water is negligible.
Drinking Water Problem
All the respondents who have visited Haridwar have highlighted
some problems regarding drinking water as shown in Table 6.111. The
table shows that majority of the respondents have highlighted the
problem of less number of taps (91%) followed by those who have
highlighted the problem of lack of cleanliness near taps (36%), lack of
filterred water (23%) and lack of fresh water (13%). Education-wise,
most of the respondents irrespective of their educational categories have
faced the problems regarding less number of taps. 15-45 per cent of the
respondents have complained regarding lack of cleanliness near taps
and lack of filtered water (except categories E1, E4 and E5). However, 1020 per cent of the respondents (except category E5) have pointed out the
problem regarding lack of fresh water. Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of
the respondents (80-95%) have complained regarding less number of
taps. Further, 45.45 per cent of the respondents from categories T2
followed by category T4 (33.33%) and T3 (30%) have complained
regarding lack of cleanliness near taps. Further, 25-35 per cent of the
respondents T2 and T3 have complained regarding problem of lack of
fresh water (except category T2) and lack of filtered water.
Shopping
In response to a query, all the respondents who have visited
Haridwar have highlighted some problems regarding shopping as shown
in Table 6.111. The table depicts that 91 per cent of the respondents
have faced the problem of high rates followed by misbehaviour by the
shopkeepers (28%), lack of variety (25%) and lack of quality products
(14%). Education-wise, a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of
their educational categories have pointed out regarding high rates at
Haridwar. Further, above 20 per cent of the respondents from categories
E2, E3, E4 and E5 have highlighted lack of variety. Similarly, 20-25 per
cent of the respondents from categories E4 and E5 have reported the
problem of lack of quality products and 50-60 per cent of the
respondents from categories E1 and E4 have complained regarding
misbehaving
by
shopkeepers.
Pilgrim-wise,
a
majority
of
the
respondents have highlighted regarding problems of high rates. Further,
15-55 per cent of the respondents have complained regarding
misbehaving by shopkeepers, lack of variety and lack of quality
productds (except categories T3 and T4).
Bathing Problems
Taking dip in the holy water of Ganga is a very sacred ritual. It is
the most preferable ritual in Hindus visiting Haridwar for getting
salvation. So a large number of people perform this act throughout the
year. However, people face plenty of problems. In a query from
respondents, an attempt has been made to know the nature of
problems faced by the respondents. Table 6.110 depicts education-wise
and type of pilgrims-wise responses in this regard respectively. The
table highlights that a vast majority of respondents have complained
regarding slippery stairs (98%), less number of ladies’ bathrooms (97%)
and overcrowding (72%). Education-wise, the table shows that a vast
majority of the respondents irrespective of their educational categories
have
complained
regarding
less
number
of
ladies’
bathrooms,
overcrowding and slippery stairs. Pilgrim-wise, table 4.33 shows that
above 90 per cent of the respondents have complained regarding
slippery stairs and less number of ladies’ bathrooms. Further, 65-80
per cent of the
respondents have
highlighted
the problem
of
overcrowding.
Medical Facility
All the respondents who have visited Haridwar have highlighted
some problems regarding medical facilities as shown in Table-6.111.
The table shows that the respondents have pointed out the problems of
non-availability of information (20%), less number of medical shops
(9%), scarcity of medicines (6%) and less number of doctors, less
qualified doctors, improper attention given by the medical staff (4%
each). Education-wise, table 4.32 reveals that 50 per cent of the
respondents from category E1 and 10-20 per cent of the respondents
from categories E2, E3 and E5 have reported the problem of nonavailability of information. Further, around 15 per cent of the
respondents from categories E3 and E5 have highlighted the problems of
less number of medical shops. Similarly, an equal number of
respondents (12.5%) from category E1 have highlighted the problem of
less number of doctors, improper attention given by medical staff and
scarcity of medicines. The percentage share of the respondents who
have complained regarding less qualified doctors is negligible. Pilgrimwise, 45 per cent of the respondents from categories T3
complained
regarding
problem
of
non-availability
of
have
information
whereas 15.90 per cent of the respondents from category T2 have
reported the problem of less number of medical shops. Further, 10-20
per cent of the respondents from categories T3 have reported the
problems of less number of doctors, scarcity of medicines and not
attend properly. doctors and improper attention given by the medical
staff. The percentage share of the respondents who have complained
regarding less qualified doctors is negligible.
Problems Faced by the Respondents in Rishikesh
Table-6.112
Problems Faced by the Respondents in Rishikesh
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Food
High Rate
Oily and Spicy
Lack of Freshness
Lack of Sitting Arrangement
Lack of Variety
N
Parking
Lack of Space
Educational Categories
Pilgrim Categories
Total
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
T1
T2
T3
T4
13
24
14
13
8
9
27
16
20
72
(92.86) (100) (87.5) (100) (72.72) (100) (93.10) (94.11) (86.95)(92.30)
6
13
9
7
7
7
15
8
12
42
(42.85)(54.16) (56.25) (53.84) (63.63)(77.77) (51.72) (47.05) (52.17)(53.84)
3
7
6
9
10
3
18
5
9
35
(21.43)(29.16) (37.5) (69.23) (90.90)(33.33) (62.06) (29.41) (39.13)(44.87)
7
20
8
8
5
6
19
9
14
48
(50) (83.33) (50) (61.53) (45.45)(66.66) (65.51) (52.94) (60.86)(61.53)
1
1
3
1
1
1
3
3
7
(7.14) (4.17) (18.75) (7.69) (9.09) (11.11) (10.34) (17.64)
(8.97)
14
24
16
13
11
9
29
17
23
78
-
Overcharging
-
Lack of Security
-
Misbehaving by Concerned
people
N
Sanitation
Less Toilets for Males
-
Lack of Cleanliness
Lack of Water
Overcrowding
Less Toilets for Females
Overcharging by Sweeper
Congested Bathroom
-
3
5
(100) (100)
1
2
(33.33) (33.33)
2
1
(66.67) (66.67)
3
1
(100) (100)
3
5
-
6
2
6
(100) (100) (100)
6
2
5
(100) (100) (83.33)
4
1
4
(66.66) (50) (66.66)
1
3
(16.67)
(50)
6
2
6
-
6
14
(100) (100)
2
9
(33.33)(64.28)
2
7
(33.33) (50)
2
5
(33.33)(35.71)
6
14
8
20
10
11
10
6
26
10
17
59
(57.14)(76.92) (58.82) (78.57) (90.90)(66.67) (81.25) (55.55) (73.91)(71.95)
7
16
8
9
10
6
23
9
12
50
(50) (61.53) (47.05) (64.28) (90.90)(66.67) (71.87) (50) (52.17)(60.97)
3
4
4
7
10
1
7
18
(11.53) (23.52) (28.57) (63.63)
(31.25) (5.55) (30.43)(21.95)
4
6
5
4
4
10
7
6
23
(28.57)(23.07) (29.41) (28.57) (36.36)
(31.25) (38.88) (26.08)(28.04)
6
17
9
8
5
2
23
10
10
45
(42.85)(65.38) (52.94) (57.14) (45.45)(22.22) (71.87) (55.55) (43.47)(54.87)
12
21
15
10
6
6
27
15
16
64
(85.71)(80.76) (88.23) (71.42) (54.54)(66.66) (84.37) (83.33) (69.56)(78.04)
1
4
3
5
3
12
2
2
16
(7.14) (15.38) (17.64) (35.71) (27.27)
(37.5) (11.11) (8.69) (19.51)
N
Drinking Water
Less Number of Taps
Lack of Cleanliness
Lack of Fresh Water
Non-Working Taps
N
14
26
17
14
11
9
32
18
23
82
12
24
15
14
11
8
32
16
20
76
(85.71)(92.30) (88.23) (100) (100) (88.88) (100) (88.88) (86.95)(92.68)
9
17
9
6
9
6
19
12
13
50
(64.28)(65.38) (52.94) (42.85) (81.81)(66.66) (59.37) (66.67) (56.52)(60.97)
6
3
4
1
4
1
9
7
1
18
(42.85)(11.53) (23.52) (7.14) (36.36)(11.11) (28.12) (38.88) (4.34) (21.95)
6
7
10
6
4
2
16
9
6
33
(42.85)(26.92) (58.82) (42.85) (36.36)(22.22) (50) (50) (26.08)(40.24)
14
26
17
14
11
9
32
18
23
82
Food
In response to a query, 78 respondents who have taken food in
Rishikesh have highlighted some food related problems. Table 6.112
depicts that high rates (92.30%), lack of sitting arrangment (61.53%),
oily and spicy nature of food (53.84%), lack of freshness (44.84%) and
lack of variety (8.97%) are the main food related problems in that order
highlighted by the respondents. Education-wise, a vast majority of the
respondents irrespective of their categories have highlighted the
problems of high rate, lack of sitting arrangment (except category E5)
and oily and spicy nature of food (Except category E1). Further, 90.90
per cent of the respondents from category E5 followed by categories E4
(69.23%) and E3 (37.5) have complained regarding lack of freshness in
food. 18.75 per cent of the respondents from category E3 have
highlighted the problem of lack of variety products. Pilgrim-wise, The
table reveals that a vast majority of the respondents irrespective of their
categories have highlighted the problems of high rates, lack of sitting
arrangment and oily and spicy nature of food (Except category T3).
Further, 62.06 per cent of the respondents from category T2 and 25-40
per cent of the respondents from other categories have highlighted the
problem of lack of freshness in food.
Parking
14 respondents who have used their own vehicles to visit
Rishikesh have highlighted some problems regarding parking as shown
in table 6.112. The table shows that a large number of respondents
have complained regarding lack of parking space (100%), overcharging
(64.28%), lack of security (50%) and misbehaving by security persons
(35.71%). Education-wise, all the respondents from categories E2, E3
and E5 have faced problem of lack of parking space, overcharging
(except category E2 and E3) and misbehaving by security persons (except
category E5). Further, almost 66.66 per cent of the respondents from
categories E2, E3 and E5 have complained regarding lack of security.
Pilgrim-wise, a vast majority of the respondents from categories T1, T2
and T4 have faced problem of lack of parking space, overcharging
(except category T4), lack of security (except category T4) and
misbehaving by security persons (except categories T1 and T4).
Sanitation
All the respondents who have visited Rishikesh have highlighted
some problems regarding sanitation as shown in Table-6.112. The table
reveals that a majority of the respondents have highlighted the
problems of overcharging by sweepers (78.04%), less number of toilets
for males (71.95%), lack of cleanliness (54.87%) and less number of
toilets for females (54.87%). Further, 28.04 per cent of the respondents
have complained regarding overcrowding followed by lack of water
(21.95%)
and
congested
bathrooms (19.51%).
Education-wise,
a
majority of the respondents irrespective of their educational categories
have complained regarding overcharging by sweepers, less number of
toilets for males, lack of cleanliness (except category E3) and less
number of toilets for females (except categories E1 and E5). Further,
36.36 per cent of the respondents from category E5 and 20-30 per cent
of the respondents from other categories have pointed out regarding
overcrowdng. However, 63.63 per cent of the respondents from category
E5 have complained regarding lack of water and 35.71 per cent of the
respondents have reported the problem of congested bathrooms.
Pilgrim-wise, the table reveals that a majority of the respondents
irrespective of their category have reported regarding less number of
toilets for males, lack of cleanliness, overcharging by the sweepers and
less number of toilets for females (except categories T1 and T4). Further,
25-40 per cent of the respondents have complained regarding
overcrowding and lack of water (except category T3). 37.5 per cent of the
respondents from category T2 have complained regarding congested
bathrooms.
Drinking Water Problem
Regarding drinking water, a majority of the respondents have
pointed out the problem of less number of taps (92.68%) followed by
those who have highlighted the problem of lack of cleanliness near taps
(60.97%), non-working taps (40.24%) and lack of fresh water (21.95%).
Education-wise,
most
of
the
respondents
irrespective
of
their
educational categories have highlighted the problems regarding less
number of taps and lack of cleanliness near taps (except category E 4).
58.82 per cent of the respondents from category E3 followed by category
E4 (42.85%) have complained regarding lack of fresh water. However, an
equal number of respondents from categories E1 (42.85%) and E5
(36.36%) have pointed out the problem regarding lack of fresh water
and non-working taps. Pilgrim-wise, 85-100 per cent of the respondents
have complained regarding less number of taps. Further, 50-70 per cent
of the respondents have complained regarding lack of cleanliness near
taps and non-working taps (except categories T1 and T4). Further, 25-40
per cent of the respondents T2 and T3 have complained regarding lack of
fresh water.
Problems Faced by the Respondents in Neelkanth
Table-6.113
Problems Faced by the Respondents in Neelkanth
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Problems
Food
High Rate
Oily and Spicy
Lack of Freshness
Lack of Sitting Arrangement
Lack of Variety
N
Parking
Lack of Space
Educational Categories
E1
E2
E3
E4
2
(50)
2
(50)
1
(25)
2
(50)
2
(50)
4
-
Overcharging
-
Lack of Security
-
Misbehaviour by Concerned People
-
N
Sanitation
Less Toilets for Males
-
Lack of Cleanliness
Lack of Water
Overcrowding
Less Toilets for Females
Overcharging by Sweeper
Congested Bathrooms
N
Drinking Water
Less Number of Taps
Lack of Cleanliness
Lack of Fresh Water
Non-working Taps
N
E5
Pilgrim Categories
T1
T2
T3
Total
T4
7
5
8
6
5
11
4
8
28
(100) (83.33) (72.72) (75) (100)(84.61) (66.66) (66.67)(77.77)
6
2
4
7
4
6
2
9
21
(85.71) (33.33) (36.36) (87.5) (80) (46.15) (33.33) (75) (58.33)
2
3
5
5
3
6
1
6
16
(28.57) (50) (45.45) (62.5) (60) (46.15) (16.67) (50) (44.44)
3
3
3
3
8
4
2
14
(42.85) (50) (27.27) (37.5)
(61.53) (66.66) (16.66)(38.88)
2
2
2
6
2
8
(28.57) (33.33) (18.18)
(46.15) (33.33)
(22.22)
7
6
11
8
5
13
6
12
36
1
3
1
(50) (100) (100)
1
1
1
(50) (33.33) (100)
1
2
1
(50) (66.66) (100)
1
(33.33)
2
3
1
5
1
(100) (100)
2
(40)
2
1
(40) (100)
1
(20)
5
1
4
(100)
2
(50)
2
(50)
1
(25)
4
-
5
10
(83.33)(90.90)
3
5
(50) (45.45)
3
6
(50) (54.54)
1
2
(16.67)(18.18)
6
11
4
10
6
7
8
5
14
6
10
35
(100) (100) (100) (77.77) (100) (100) (100) (100) (83.33)(94.59)
3
9
6
7
8
4
13
5
11
33
(75) (90) (100) (77.77) (100) (80) (92.85) (83.33) (91.66)(89.18)
3
5
3
5
8
3
11
3
7
24
(75) (50) (50) (55.55) (100) (60) (78.57) (50) (58.33)(64.86)
3
6
5
4
5
1
9
5
7
22
(75) (60) (83.33) (44.44) (62.5) (20) (64.28) (83.33) (58.33)(59.45)
2
2
2
3
3
9
3
12
(50) (20) (33.33) (33.33) (37.5)
(64.28) (50)
(32.42)
4
4
2
1
1
1
4
6
1
12
(100) (40) (33.33) (11.11) (12.5) (20) (28.57) (100) (8.33) (32.42)
1
2
3
4
2
8
2
2
12
(25) (20) (50) (44.44) (25)
(57.14) (33.33) (16.66)(32.42)
4
10
6
9
8
12
44
20
24
37
4
(100)
3
(75)
1
(25)
3
(75)
4
9
6
9
8
5
14
6
11
36
(90) (100) (100) (87.5)(100) (100) (100) (91.66)(97.29)
5
1
6
7
3
6
4
9
22
(50) (16.66) (66.66) (87.5) (60) (42.85) (66.66) (75) (59.45)
4
3
1
6
3
7
1
4
15
(40) (50) (11.11) (75) (60) (50) (16.66) (33.33)(40.54)
3
4
2
5
2
9
4
2
17
(30) (66.66) (22.22) (62.5) (40) (64.28) (66.66) (16.66)(45.94)
10
6
9
8
5
14
6
12
37
Food
In response to a query, 36 respondents who have taken food in
Neelkanth have highlighted some food related problems. Table 6.113
depicts that high rates (77.77%), oily and spicy nature of food (58.33%),
lack of freshness (44.44%), lack of sitting arrangement (38.88%) and
lack of variety (22.22%) are the main food related problems in that order
highlighted by the respondents. Education-wise, a vast majority of the
respondents irrespective of their categories have highlighted the
problems of high rates and oily and spicy nature of food (Except
categories E3 and E4). Further, 62.5 per cent of the respondents from
category E5 followed by categories E3 (50%) and E4 (45.45%) have
complained regarding lack of freshness in food. Further, around 25 per
cent of the respondents from categories E1 and E2 have highlighted the
problem of lack of freshness in food. Further, 25-50 per cent of the
respondents have complained regarding lack of sitting arrangement and
lack of variety in food (except categories E4 and E5). Pilgrim-wise, a large
number of respondents have highlighted the problems of high rates,
lack of sitting arrangement (except categories T1 and T4), oily and spicy
nature of food (Except categories T2 and T3) and lack of freshness
(except categories E2 and E3). Further, 46.15 per cent of the
respondents from category T2 followed by category T3 (33.33%) have
highlighted the problem of lack of variety.
Parking
11 respondents who have used their own vehicles to visit
Neelkanth have highlighted some problems regarding parking. The table
shows that a large number of the respondents have complained
regarding lack of parking space (90.90%), overcharging (45.45%), lack of
security (54.54%) and misbehaving by security persons (18.18%).
Education-wise, a vast majority of the respondent have complained
regarding lack of parking space (except category E1), overcharging
(except categories E1, E3 and E5) and lack of security (except categories
E1 and E5). Further, 33.33 per cent of the respondents from categories
E3 have complained regarding misbehaving by security persons.
Pilgrim-wise, 50-100 per cent of the respondents from categories T1, T2
and T4 have highlighted the problem of lack of parking space,
overcharging (except category T1) and lack of security. 25 per cent of the
respondents from category T2 have
highlighted the problem of
misbehaving by security person.
Sanitation
Regarding sanitation the table reveals that a majority of the
respondents have highlighted the problems of less number of toilets for
males (94.59%), lack of cleanliness (89.18%), lack of water (64.86%),
overcrowding (59.45%). Further, an equal number of respondents
(32.43%) have complained regarding less number of toilets for females,
overcharging by the sweepers and congested bathrooms. Educationwise, a majority of the respondents irrespective of their educational
categories have complained regarding less number of toilets for males,
lack of cleanliness, lack of water and overcrowding (except category E 4).
Further, 20-50 per cent of the respondents have highlighted the
problem of less number of toilets for females and congested bathrooms.
Further, all the respondents from category E1 and 30-40 per cent of the
respondents from categories E2 and E3 have pointed out regarding
overcharging
by
the
sweepers.
Pilgrim-wise,
a
majority
of
the
respondents irrespective of their category have reported regarding less
toilets for males, lack of cleanliness, lack of water, overcrowding (except
category T1) and less number of toilets for females (except categories T1
and T4). Further, all the respondents from category T3 and 20-30 per
cent of the respondents from categories T1 and T2 have complained
regarding overcharging by the sweepers. 57.14 per cent of the
respondents from category T2 followed by category T3 (33.33%) have
complained regarding the problem of congested bathrooms.
Drinking Water Problem
Regarding drinking water a majority of the respondents have
pointed out the problems of less number of taps (97.29%) followed by
those who have highlighted the problem of lack of cleanliness near taps
(59.45%), non-working taps (45.94%) and lack of fresh water (40.54%).
Education-wise
educational
most
categories
of
the
have
respondents
complained
irrespective
regarding
the
of
their
problems
regarding less number of taps, lack of cleanliness near taps(except
category E3) and non-working taps (except categories E2 and E4). 25-75
per cent of the respondents (except category E4) have complained
regarding lack of fresh water. Pilgrim-wise, 90-100 per cent of the
respondents have complained regarding less number of taps. Further,
50-75 per cent of the respondents have complained regarding lack of
cleanliness near taps(except category T2), lack of fresh water(except
categories T3 and T4) and non-working taps (except categories T1 and
T4).
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Factors
Table-6.114 shows the opinion of the respondents regarding
some important factors related with Haridwar.
Table-6.114
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Other Aspects in
Haridwar
(Frequency Distribution)
Factors
Agree Neither Disagree
agree
Nor
disagree
Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in
Haridwar
There is lack of cleanliness in Haridwar
Large umber of beggars near religious sites irritate
tourists a lot
Non-availability of tourist guide affects tourists’
experience
19
(19)
93
(93)
100
(100)
11
(11)
51
(51)
3
(3)
-
30
(30)
4
(4)
-
77
(77)
12
(12)
Behaviour of priests is very irritating in Haridwar
People face problem due to overcrowding of buses
during festivals
Internet as a source of does not provides adequate
information about Haridwar
Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious
places hurts public sentiments
Belongings of people are not safe due to high
incidents of theft during festivals
People face problems due to over crowding at Har ki
Podi during arti
36
(36)
79
(79)
23
(23)
100
(100)
96
(96)
98
(98)
16
(16)
14
(14)
76
(76)
-
48
(48)
7
(7)
1
(1)
-
3
(3)
1
(1)
1
(1)
1
(1)
The table reveals that a majority of the respondents have
expressed their agreement regarding statements ‘Availability of nonvegetarian food near religious places hurts public sentiments’ (100%),
‘Large number of
beggars near religious sites irritate tourists a lot’
(100%), People face problems due to over crowding at Har Ki Podi (98%),
‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high incidents of theft during
festivals’ (96%), ‘There is lack of cleanliness in Haridwar’ (93%), and
‘People face problems due to overcrowding of buses during festivals’
(79%). 77 per cent of the respondents are indifferent with the statement
‘Non-availability of tourist guide affects tourists’ experience’. It is
followed by the respondents who have disagreed (12%) and agreed (11%)
with the statement. 76 per cent of the respondents are indifferent with
the statement ‘Internet as a source of information provides adequate
information about Haridwar’. The remaining respondents have either
disagreed or agreed. 51 per cent of the respondents are indifferent with
the statement ‘Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in
Haridwar’. Others have either disagreed or are indifferent. 48 per cent of
the respondents have disagreed with the statement ‘Behaviour of priests
is very irritating in Haridwar’. However, 36 per cent of the respondents
have agreed and 14 per cent of the respondents have disagreed with
this statement.
Average weighted scores have been calculated with respect to the
above responses for different categories of pilgrims by assigning weight
as 3, 2, 1 to agree, neither agree nor disagree and disagree respectively.
Education-wise and pilgrim-wise average weighted scores have been
given in Table- 6.115.
Table-6.115
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some Other Aspects in
Haridwar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Other Problems
Educational Categories Pilgrim Categories
Average
E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 T1 T2 T3 T4 Weighted Score
Security arrangements are not very satisfactory 2.06 1.68 2.12 1.88 1.69 1.83 1.95 2 1.70
1.89
in Haridwar
There is lack of cleanliness in Haridwar
2.81 2.86 2.91 2.94 2.92 2.75 2.95 2.75 2.91
2.89
Large umber of beggars near religious sites
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
irritate tourists a lot
Non-availability of tourist guide affects
1.93 1.86 1.95 2.33 2.07 2.08 2 1.95 1.95
1.99
tourists experience
Behaviour of priest is very irritating in
1.75 1.79 1.91 1.77 2.30 2 1.86 1.7 2
1.88
Haridwar
People face problem due to overcrowding in
2.93 2.44 2.91 2.66 2.76 2.66 2.68 2.8 2.75
2.72
buses during festivals
Internet as a source of information does not
2
2 1.70 1.72 1.23 1.66 1.75 2 1.70
1.78
provides adequate information about Haridwar
Availability of non-vegetarian food near
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
religious places hurts public sentiments
Belongings of people are not safe due to high
3
3 2.83 2.94 3 2.83 2.93 3
3
2.95
incidents of theft during festivals
People face problem due to over crowdedness
3 2.96 2.91 3
3
3 2.95 3 2.95
2.97
at Har ki Podi during arti
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for educational categories= .890,
Chi-square value= 40.06, d.f. = 9, Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for pilgrim categories = .913, Chisquare value = 32.88, d. f. = 9, Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table 6.115 shows that respondents belonging to all the
categories have shown their agreement (average weighted score being
2.3 or above) with respect to the statements ‘There is lack of cleanliness
in Haridwar’(AWS=2.89), ‘Large number of beggars near religious sites
irritate tourists a lot’(AWS=3) , ‘People face problems due to over
crowding in buses during festivals’(AWS=2.72), ‘Availability of nonvegetarian food near religious places hurts public sentiments’(AWS=3),
‘Belongings of people are not safe due to high incidents of theft during
festivals’(AWS=2.95), and ‘People face difficulties due to over crowding
at Har ki Podi’(AWS=2.97),. The respondents have been indifferent
(score nearly two or slightly below two) regarding the statements,
‘Security
arrangements
are
not
very
satisfactory
in
Haridwar’(AWS=1.89), ‘Non-availability of tourist guide affects tourists’
experience’(AWS=1.99), ‘Behaviour of priests is very irritating in
Haridwar’(AWS=1.88) and ‘Internet as a source of information does not
provide adequate information about Haridwar’(AWS=2.72). Educationwise, most of the respondents irrespective of their educational category
have agreed with the statements ‘There is lack of cleanliness in
Haridwar’,
‘Large number of
beggars near religious sites irritate
tourists a lot’, ‘People face problems due to over crowding in buses
during festivals’, ‘Availability of non-vegetarian food near religious
places hurt public sentiments’, ‘Belongings of people are not safe due to
high incidents of theft during festivals’, and ‘People face difficulties due
to over crowding at ‘Har ki Podi’. Further, respondents are indifferent
about statements ‘Security arrangements are not very satisfactory in
Haridwar’,
‘Non-availability
of
tourist
guide
affects
tourists’
experience’(except category E4), ‘Behaviour of priests is very irritating in
Haridwar’ and ‘Internet as a source of information does not provide
adequate information about Haridwar’. The Kendall’s Co-efficient of
Concordance reveals that significant concurrence of rankings (W= .890)
exist among the respondents belonging to different categories with
respect to the above mentioned aspects. Pilgrim-wise, respondents
belonging to all the categories have shown their agreement (average
weighted score being 2.3 or above) with respect to statements ‘There is
lack of cleanliness in Haridwar’,
‘Large number of
beggars near
religious sites irritate tourists a lot’, ‘People face problems due to over
crowding of buses during festivals’, ‘Availability of non-vegetarian food
near religious places hurt public sentiments’, ‘Belongings of people are
not safe due to high incidents of theft during festivals’, and ‘People face
difficulties due to over crowding at Har ki Podi’. Further, respondents
are indifferent about statements ‘Security arrangements are not very
satisfactory in Haridwar’, ‘Non-availability of tourist guide affects
tourists’ experience’, ‘Behaviour of priests is very irritating in Haridwar’
and ‘Internet as a source of information does not provide adequate
information about Haridwar’. The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance
reveals that significant concurrence of rankings (W= .913) exist among
the respondents belonging to different categories with respect to the
above mentioned problems.
Table-6.116
Respondents’ Level of Satisfaction Regarding Some
Aspects in Haridwar
(Frequency Distribution)
Aspects
Satisfied Neither/Nor Dissatisfied
43
19
38
Arrangement at
(43)
(19)
(38)
Bathing Ghats
52
43
5
Role of Police
Attitude of Local
People
Shoe Keeping
Facilities at Har Ki
Podi
Train Services at
Haridwar
Bus services at
Haridwar
Cloak Room Facilities
at Haridwar
(52)
84
(84)
56
(56)
(43)
14
(14)
26
(26)
(5)
2
(2)
18
(18)
46
(46)
61
(61)
41
(41)
51
(51)
39
(39)
56
(56)
3
(3)
3
(3)
Table-6.116 reveals that majority of the respondents have
expressed their satisfaction regarding ‘Attitude of local people’(84%),
‘Bus services at Haridwar’(61%), ‘Role of Police’(52%), and ‘Shoe keeping
facility at Har Ki Podi’(56%). 43 per cent of the respondents are satisfied
with the ‘Arrangement at bathing ghats’. It is followed by the
respondents who are dissatisfied (38%) and are indifferent (19%) in this
regard. 51 per cent of the respondents are indifferent with ‘Train service
at Haridwar (51%). The remaining respondents are either satisfied or
are indifferent. 56 respondents are indifferent with ‘Cloack room
facilities at Haridwar’ followed by those who are satisfied (45%) and dissatisfied (3%).
Average weighted scores have been calculated with respect to the
above responses for different categories of respondents by assigning
weight as 3, 2, 1 to satisfied, indifferent and dissatisfied respectively
and these have been given in Table-6.117.
Table-6.117
Opinion of the Respondents Regarding Some
Factors in Haridwar
(Education-Wise and Pilgrim-Wise Distribution)
Factors
Arrangement at Bathing Ghats
Role of Police
Attitude of Local People
Shoe Keeping at Har Ki Pori
Rail Facilities at Haridwar
Bus Facilities at Haridwar
Cloak Room Facilities at Haridwar
Educational CategoriesPilgrim Categories Average
E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 T1 T2 T3 T4 Weighted Score
1.81 2.20 2.16 2 1.46 2.08 2.06 1.7 2.29
2.05
2.5 2.58 2.5 2.44 2.15 2.5 2.36 2.5 2.62
2.47
2.93 2.79 2.83 3 2.46 2.91 2.77 2.85 2.83
2.82
2.25 2.44 2.45 2.27 2.38 2.33 2.40 2.25 2.45
2.38
2.56 2.51 2.41 2.27 2.30 2.25 2.40 2.45 2.54
2.43
2.81 2.62 2.62 2.5 2.46 2.58 2.54 2.9 2.5
2.61
2.31 2.48 2.37 2.33 2.30 2.25 2.36 2.35 2.5
2.38
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for educational categories= .853,
Chi-square value= 25.60, d.f. = 6, Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance for pilgrims categories= .786, Chisquare value= 18.87, d. f. =6, Significant at 5 per cent level of significance.
Table-6.117
shows
that
respondents
have
shown
their
satisfaction (average weighted score being 2.3 or above) with respect to
‘Attitude
of
local
people’(AWS=2.82),
‘Bus
services
at
Haridwar’(AWS=2.61), ‘Role of Police’(2.47), ‘Shoe keeping facilities at
‘Har Ki Pori’’(2.38), ‘Train services at Haridwar’(2.43) and ‘Cloak room
facilities at Haridwar’ (2.38). The respondents seem to be indifferent
(score between 1.7 and 2.3) with respect to ‘Arrangement at bathing
ghats’ (2.05). Education-wise, most of the respondents irrespective of
their educational category are satisfied with ‘Attitude of local people’
and ‘Bus services at Haridwar’. Further, respondents are satisfied with
‘Role of Police’ (except category E5), ‘Shoe keeping facility at Har Ki Podi’
(except categories E1 and E3), Rail services at Haridwar’ (except
categories E4 and E5) and ‘Cloak room facilities at Haridwar’ (except
category E5). Further, most of the respondents irrespective of their
educational category are indifferent about ‘Arrangements at bathing
ghats’(except category E5). The Kendall’s Co-efficient of Concordance
reveals that significant concurrence of rankings (W= .853) exist among
the respondents belonging to different categories with respect to the
above mentioned aspects. Pilgrim-wise, most of the respondents
irrespective of their pilgrim category are satisfied with ‘Role of Police’,
‘Attitude of local people’ and ‘Bus services at Haridwar’. Further,
respondents are satisfied with ‘Shoe keeping facility at ‘Har Ki Pori’
(except categories T3), Rail services at Haridwar’ (except category T1) and
‘Cloak room facilities at Haridwar’ (except category T1). Further, most of
the respondents irrespective of their educational category are indifferent
about ‘Arrangements at bathing ghats’. The Kendall’s Co-efficient of
Concordance reveals that significant concurrence of rankings (W= .786)
exist among the respondents belonging to different categories with
respect to the above mentioned aspects.
The Ganga Sabha manages the most popular place ‘Har Ki Pori’
and Temples adjoining to this place. Some other management bodies
who manage different temples in Haridwar are Akharas and Ganga
Sabha. To know the awareness level of the respondents regarding these
management bodies and their satisfaction level, the respondents were
asked for the same. It reveals that a vast majority of respondents
irrespective of their category are aware about the Akharas followed by
the Ganga Sabha (47%) and Sewa Dal (5%). Further, a large number of
respondents are satisfied with the working of the management bodies in
Haridwar. Overall, all the respondents have expressed their satisfaction
with their visit to Haridwar.