The Cattle Industry
and
R a i l r o a d s i n Tex a s
Grade 04
Social Studies
Unit: 09 Lesson 02
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C h e ck fo r Un d e r s t a n d i n g
 Check your answers on your Reading Notes: Cattle and Railroad Industry Handout.
 Your answers do NOT need to match my answers exactly.
 You may add to your answers or change an answer as we go through the PowerPoint.
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H ow d i d t h e c a t t l e i n d u s t r y b e g i n i n Tex a s ?
 The Spanish brought cattle to Texas and the vaquero (cowboy) took care of them on ranches.
 Do any of you know someone who is a rancher or a cowboy?
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W h y d i d t h e c a t t l e i n d u s t r y g r o w i n Te x a s a f t e r t h e C i v i l Wa r ?
 There was a demand for beef as a food source, especially in the North.
 Texas had a large supply of cattle.
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H ow d i d Tex a n s ge t t h e i r c a t t l e t o m a rket ?
Texans got their cattle to market by cattle drives. Name at least two states that had railroads that got cattle to market.
Two states could include Kansas, Wyoming, Nebraska, and Missouri. Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk
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Na m e a c o n t r i b u t i o n m a d e by C h a rl e s G o o d n i g h t .
 Charles Goodnight was a cowboy who blazed the Goodnight Loving cattle trail.  The trail extended from Texas to Wyoming.
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Na m e a c o n t r i b u t i o n m a d e by R i ch a rd K i n g .
 Richard King was the founder of the largest ranch in Texas called the King Ranch.
 Have any of you visited the King Ranch?
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Image source:
http://www.stxmaps.com/go/theking-ranch-in-1864.html
Na m e a c o n t r i b u t i o n m a d e by L i z z i e Johnson.
 Lizzie Johnson was the first woman in Texas to ride the Chisholm Trail and own a ranch.
 How many of you would like to go on a cattle drive or own a ranch?
 Is there anyone in our class who has actually worked cattle on horseback?
Image source:
http://celiahayes.wordpress.com/2011/01/22/th
e-anti-lily-bart-lizzie-johnson-williams/
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Draw and label two pictures of two examples of technology that were developed because of the cattle i n d u s t r y.
Barbed wire is a twisted wire with sharp points that fenced in cattle.
Joseph Glidden invented barbwire, which helped ranchers keep their herds safe from cattle rustlers, although ranchers first preferred their herds to roam the open range.
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Draw and label two pictures of two examples of technology that were developed because of the cattle i n d u s t r y.
Windmills pumped water from under the ground, so cattle did not have to be herded to a water source.
Windmills helped ranchers lose fewer head of cattle to drought.
Windmills also helped ranching become more profitable.
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What led to the end of the cattle industry?
 Settlers moved to Texas and fenced­in the open range.
 This left fewer acres of land for grazing cattle.
 This is why ranchers and farmers were sometimes not friendly to one another in the late 1800s.
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T h e R a i l r o a d C o m e s t o Te x a s !
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The R ailroad Comes to Texas!
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Na m e a t le a s t t wo i nd us t r ie s t ha t h ave b e e n i mp a ct e d by t h e ra il ro a d .
 Railroad transferred agriculture products and lumber to other parts of the United States.
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Based on the map, name at least one impact r a i l r o a d s h a d o n Te x a s .
 The railroad caused the growth of cities.
 People moved to the cities to start small businesses that provided goods and services.
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3­2­1 Summary
 Turn to a neighbor.
 3 = Take turns and tell your neighbor 3 NEW Things you learned about cattle ranching in Texas.
 2 = Take turns and tell your neighbor 2 NEW Things you learned about the railroad in Texas.
 1 = Take turns and ask your neighbor 1 question you have about cattle ranching or the railroad in Texas.
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