Name: _____________________________Date: ________________ Class: __________
Seventh Grade Social Studies
Unit 3: Government, Civics, and Economics of Africa
Voluntary Trade Notes
Directions
Complete the blanks while viewing the presentation “Voluntary Trade in Africa.”
Voluntary Trade
• Key to a healthy _________________ economy
• Occurs when both _________________ in the transaction will be able to _________________ something
from the _________________
• No government _________________ or _________________
• _________________ people and industries to _________________ in production that is more
_________________ and _________________
• In Africa, _________________ _________________ organizations have developed to make _________________
among _________________ more _________________ and mutually _________________.
Specialization
• Not every _________________ can produce all of the _________________ and _________________ it needs.
• Countries _________________ in producing _________________ and _________________ they can produce
most _________________.
• Countries _________________ these products and use the _________________gained from exporting to
buy the _________________ they _________________ or are unable to _________________.
Specialization in Africa
• Most of the _________________ in Africa are trying to find products they can _________________ and
_________________ in which to sell them.
• South Africa has _________________ in the development of their _________________ _________________and
has a thriving _________________ _________________industry.
• Nigeria has _________________ in _____________ production. The US gets almost ______________ of its oil
from Nigeria. This _________________ has left other parts of Nigeria’s _________________ behind and
now Nigeria has to _________________ food.
Trade Barriers
• _________________ _________________ are anything that _________________ down or _________________ one
country from _________________ goods with another.
• Some trade barriers are put in place to _________________ local _________________ from _________________
priced goods made in other _________________.
• Other times trade barriers are created due to _________________ _________________between
_________________.
Tariff
• A _________________ placed on goods when they are _________________ (brought into a country)
• _________________ _________________– makes the _________________item more _________________ than a
_________________ produced item
• _________________are designed to make the sales of the _________________goods _________________ and
the sales of _________________ produced goods _________________.
 2011 Clairmont Press
Name: _____________________________Date: ________________ Class: __________
Seventh Grade Social Studies
Unit 3: Government, Civics, and Economics of Africa
Voluntary Trade Notes
Quota
• Sets a specific _________________ of a particular _________________ that can be _________________ in a
__________________________________
• By _________________ imports, people will buy products made _________________.
• A _________________can also be a _________________ on how _________________ of a product is
_________________
• _________________ is a member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC),
which places a _________________ on how much oil a country can _________________ to keep
_________________at levels they want.
Embargo
• When one _________________ announces it will no longer _________________ with another _______________
• The goal is to _________________ the country and cause _________________ within that country’s
_________________.
• Usually _________________ between _________________that are having _________________problems
• During _________________, many countries in the __________________________________placed an
_________________on __________________________________in an effort to get South Africa to end
_________________. The embargo lasted for _________________ years. Once _________________ ended,
countries began to _________________ with __________________________________again.
Exchanging Currencies
• In order for _________________ to _________________with each other, a system of _________________
_________________is necessary.
• Most _________________ have their own type of _________________.
• _________________ from countries with _________________economies is usually _________________to
exchange because it has a more _________________ value.
• Many of the _________________ of African nations are _________________to exchange because there
have been so much _________________ _________________and _________________ _________________.
CFA Franc
• The _________________was created after __________________________________when economies were
_________________. It was tied to the _________________franc.
• Today there are ____________ versions of the CFA franc: __________________________________CFA franc
and __________________________________CFA franc. They are now linked to the _________________, which
is used by the European Union.
 2011 Clairmont Press