Niagara Falls Water System Quarterly Report
Required under legislation by ONTARIO REGULATION 459/00 made under the ONTARIO WATER RESOURCES
ACT, we are proud to present our QUARTERLY REPORT.
Reporting Period:
July 1, 2002 to September 30, 2002
First a brief description of the Niagara Falls Water System:
The Niagara Falls Water Treatment Plant is operated by the Public Works Department, Water and Wastewater
Division, Regional Municipality of Niagara.
Area:
This system supplies a population of
Approximately 69,032 in the City of Niagara
Falls, part of the City of Thorold (Port Robinson)
and is an alternate supply for the Town of
Niagara-on-the-Lake.
Source of Raw Water:
Niagara River via the Welland River channel.
Rated Total Capacity:
145.5 ML/d
Treatment:
Screening, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, chlorination and rapid gravity filtration. Granular activated carbon
filter-adsorbers for taste and odour control. Powdered activated carbon when required for taste and odour control.
Process Wastewater treatment by sedimentation from which the treated water flows to the Niagara River and the sludge
waste is removed by tank truck or pumped to the sanitary sewer.
Provincial Utility Classification:
Plant 3, Distribution System 4
Finished Water Storage:
Total = 31.323 ML
Location/
Identification
Type
Capacity
(ML)
Plant
Lundy’s Lane
Kent Avenue
in-structure storage
elevated tank
reservoir
7.956
2.455
20.912
TWL
(metres)
175.72
249.63
196.82
Monthly Flows: (m³)
PRODUCED
PUMPED
MAX DAY
PROCESS WASTE
July:
2,128,562
2,086,826
98,485
37,800
August:
2,113,678
2,072,234
77,252
35,910
September:
1,823,254
1,787,504
74,581
32,940
Operations and Maintenance:
All Operations and Maintenance Staff are holders of Operator in
Training, Class I, Class II, Class III, or Class IV water treatment and/or
water distribution licences issued under Ontario Regulation 435/93.
Sampling and Analysis:
In-plant sampling is performed by plant operations staff and
additionally by continuous analyzers.
Weekly, monthly, quarterly and annual sampling is analysed by the
accredited laboratory of Lakefield Research and E3 Laboratories.
SUMMARY OF TESTING RESPONSIBILTY
RESPONSIBILITY
BACTERIOLOGICAL
TESTING
CHEMICAL TESTING
E3 Laboratories
July 1 – September 30
Not applicable
Lakefield Research
Not applicable
July 1 – September 30
Maxxam Analytical
Not applicable
August 8
Wellington Laboratories
Not applicable
Not applicable
Bacquerel Laboratories
Not applicable
Not applicable
Quality Assurance:
To insure the consumer of a safe potable water supply, the plant is
manned and monitored on a continuous basis twenty-four hours a day,
seven days a week.
Inquiries:
We are located at 3599 Macklem St., Niagara Falls, ON L2G 6C7.
Office hours are from 9:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday.
Contact:
Harold Hodgson, Water Operations Manager; or
L. Herb Maracle, Water Maintenance Manager
Phone:
Fax:
(905) 295-4831
(905) 295-4664
E-Mail:
Web Site:
[email protected]
http://www.regional.niagara.on.ca
Drinking water characteristics
In Ontario, drinking water is provided by rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs and wells. As
water travels through the ground or over the surface, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and
radioactive material and can absorb substances resulting from the presence of animals or human activity.
Categories of substances that may be present in source waters include:
• Microbiological substances, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants,
septic systems, agricultural livestock operations and wildlife.
• Inorganic substances, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally occurring or result from urban
storm water runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining or farming.
• Pesticides and herbicides which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, stormwater
runoff and residential use.
• Organic substances, synthetic and volatile, are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum
production and can come from gas stations, urban stormwater runoff and septic systems.
• Radioactive materials which can occur naturally or result from nuclear power production and mining
activities.
PARAMETER GROUPS
The following paragraphs describe the parameters ( physical characteristics such as colour, pH and
temperature or chemical substance) that are monitored.
Inorganic parameters
Physical/chemical
Physical/chemical parameters, for the most part, are naturally occurring in the source water. The water
treatment process is designed to reduce the levels of these parameters.
Fluoride is a chemical substance that may be added to municipal water during the treatment process to
promote strong teeth. Fluoride can also be present in the source water as a result of erosion of natural
deposits or discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.
Nitrates are present in source water as a result of run-off from fertilizer use, leaching from septic tanks,
sewage and erosion from natural deposits.
Turbidity in water is caused by the presence of suspended matter such as clay, silt and microscopic
organisms and is commonly present in the source water as a result of soil runoff. Turbidity can serve as a
source of nutrients for micro-organisms and interfere with their enumeration. For water entering the
distribution system, one (1) nephelometric turbidity unit (NTU) is the maximum acceptable concentration.
Turbidity in treated surface water may be an indication that the treatment process is not optimized to remove
particles. The risk that the turbidity could consist of cysts or other matter that could shield bacteria from
disinfection is greater in surface water sources than in ground water sources.
Metals
Metals, for the most part, are naturally present in source water, or are the result of industrial activity. Some,
such as copper and lead, may enter the drinking water from plumbing in the distribution system.
Lead can occur in source water as a result of erosion of natural deposits. The most common source of lead
is corrosion of household plumbing. First flush water at the consumer's tap may contain higher
concentrations of lead than water that has been flushed for several minutes.
Selenium occurs naturally in waters at trace levels as a result of geochemical processes such as weathering
of rocks and soil erosion. It is difficult to establish levels of selenium that can be considered toxic because of
the complex interrelationships between selenium and dietary constituents such as protein, vitamin E, and
other trace elements.
Mercury and cyanide have never been detected above a trace level in results for treated water.
Organic parameters
Organics make up 83 per cent of the total number of parameters tested, yet they are seldom detected in
drinking water. Organic parameters are grouped accordingly:
Chloroaromatics
Parameters classified as chloroaromatics are present in surface water as a result of industrial activity. They
are by-products of certain processes of chlorination of hydrocarbons.
Chlorophenols
The ODWO for total phenols was replaced by ODWOs for specific, more sensitive individual chlorophenols.
Ten individual chlorophenols are tested.
N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)
N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) or its precursors may be present in the source water as a result of
industrial discharge or from sewage/animal waste effluents combined with nitrite from anaerobic decay of
organic waste matter. NDMA has been detected as a by-product in a certain blend of coagulant and polymer
used in the treatment process.
Disinfection by-products
Chloramines (Combined Chlorine) are produced during the disinfection process when aqueous chlorine and
ammonia are mixed. Chloramines can be used to maintain a chlorine residual for long periods of time in the
distribution system. Chloramines assist in the control of certain taste and odour problems caused by
chlorination and keep trihalomethane formation to a minimum.
Trihalomethanes (THMs), by-products of drinking water chlorination, occur during the treatment process.
Trihalomethanes are comprised of bromoform, chloroform, bromodichloromethane and
chlorodibromomethane. THM's do not exceed the ODWO on the basis of a single test result, but on a
running average of four quarterly test results in the distribution system.
Haloacetic Acids (HAAs) are another category of disinfection by-products that will occur in chlorinated
waters as a result of the water treatment process. Haloacetic acids are comprised of monochloroacetic acid,
dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid, bromochloroacetic acid, and dibromoacetic
acid. Results are reported for the individual compounds as well as for total HAAs. There is presently no
Ontario Drinking Water Objective (ODWO) for HAAs.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
The presence of PAHs in the environment is principally associated with the combustion of organic matter,
including fossil fuelstested for in DWSP. Benzo(a)pyrene is the only PAH for . Seventeen PAHs are which
an ODWO has been established and no detections above the ODWO were observed.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
PCB's are among the most ubiquitous and persistent pollutants in the global ecosystem. In the past, PCB's
have been marketed extensively for a wide variety of purposes but their use in Canada is currently being
phased out. Results of the DWSP show that PCBs have never been detected in either the treated drinking
water or the raw water.
Volatiles
Volatile organics are generally present in source water as a result of recreational and industrial activity.
Twenty-six volatiles, in addition to disinfection by-products discussed above, are tested for.
Pesticides
Atrazine is the pesticide most commonly detected in Ontario's municipal drinking water. The presence of
atrazine and other pesticides at trace levels indicates that the raw water source is affected by agricultural
activity. No pesticides were detected at levels greater than the ODWO .
Radionuclides
There are more than 200 radionuclides, some of which occur naturally and others which originate from the
activities of society. The radionuclide of concern in Ontario drinking water supplies is tritium. Gross beta and
gross alpha determinations are preliminary screens for all radionuclides with the exception of tritium which
must be measured separately. Results of the DWSP show that tritium has never been detected above the
ODWO in either the treated drinking water or the raw water.
Taste and odour causing parameters
Taste and odour episodes in drinking water have become more prevalent in Ontario over the past five years.
They are caused by the decomposition of blue-green algae and generally occur after the algae blooms in
the late summer. The compounds most frequently associated with taste and odour are Geosmin and MIB (2methylisoborneol). Although geosmin and MIB can impart nuisance taste and odour at very low levels, no
health related or aesthetic guidelines have been established.
Geosmin and MIB are not monitored routinely under the DWSP. However, special surveys are conducted at
selected sites during specific times of the year. When water works experience taste and odour problems
they can request special sampling for these parameters.
1
Ontario Drinking Water Objectives for health related parameters became Drinking Water Standards on
August 26, 2000 as part of the Drinking Water Protection Regulation O.Reg. 459/00.
Note to People with Special Health Concerns
Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. Immunocompromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ
transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at
risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers.
Abbreviations and terms:
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
·
MAC = Maximum Acceptable Concentration: the highest level of a contaminant allowed in drinking water.
IMAC = Interim Maximum Acceptable Concentration: the interim highest level of a contaminant allowed in
drinking water until MAC levels are developed.
NTU = Nephelometric Turbidity Units
mg/l = micrograms per litre (parts per billion)
AO = Aesthetic Objective
OG = Operational Guideline
< = Less Than
ODWO = Ontario Drinking Water Objectives
ODWS = Ontario Drinking Water Standards
DWSP = Drinking Water Surveillance Program
mg/l = milligrams per litre (parts per million)
TCU = True Colour Units
ND = Not Detected
CFU/100 ml = Colony Forming Units per 100 milliters treatment or other requirements which a water system
must follow
ML/d = million litres per day
ML = million litres
TWL = top water line
3
m = cubic metres
Excedences
All excedence explanations are listed at the end of the report.
ODWS - Table A – Microbiological
Ontario Drinking Water Standards – Weekly Requirements
Parameter
Plant – Treated
Total Coliforms
Number Number of
MAC or
of
Detectable Sampling
Sources of Contaminant
IMAC Samples Results
Date
Range Excedence
in Drinking Water
*
14
Escherichia Coli
*
and/or Fecal Coliform
Heterotrophic Plate
500
Counts
colonies
/ml
Total Coliform
200
Background
colonies
/100 ml
28
Turbidity
Free Chlorine
Residual
14
14
< 1.00 Continuous
NTU
> 0.20 Continuous
mg/L
Distribution – Kent Avenue Reservoir
Total Coliforms
*
14
Escherichia Coli
*
and/or Fecal Coliform
Heterotrophic Plate
500
Counts
colonies
/ml
Total Coliform
200
Background
colonies
/100 ml
28
Free Chlorine
Residual
14
> 0.05
mg/L
14
14
Distribution – Lundy’s Lane Elevated Tank
Total Coliforms
*
14
Escherichia Coli
*
and/or Fecal Coliform
Heterotrophic Plate
500
Counts
colonies
/ml
Total Coliform
200
Background
colonies
/100 ml
28
Free Chlorine
Residual
14
*
> 0.05
mg/L
14
14
0 02-07-02 to
0
02-09-30
0 to
0 02-07-02 to
Absence
02-09-30
11 02-07-02 to
0 to 6
02-09-30
1 02-07-02 to
02-09-30
0 to 1
Continuous
02-07-01 to 0.045 to
0.112
02-09-30
Continuous 02-07-01 to 0.53 to
02-09-30
1.15
0 Human and animal fecal
waste
0 Human and animal fecal
waste
0 N/A
0 Human and animal fecal
waste
0 Soil runoff
0
0 02-07-02 to
0
02-09-30
0 to
0 02-07-02 to
Absence
02-09-30
7 02-07-02 to
0 to
02-09-30
150
0 Human and animal fecal
waste
0 Human and animal fecal
waste
0 N/A
0 02-07-02 to
02-09-30
0 Human and animal fecal
waste
0
14 02-07-01 to 0.22 to
02-09-30
1.13
0
0 02-07-02 to
0
02-09-30
0 to
0 02-07-02 to
Absence
02-09-30
8 02-07-02 to 0 to 16
02-09-30
0 Human and animal fecal
waste
0 Human and animal fecal
waste
0 N/A
1 02-07-02 to
02-09-30
0 Human and animal fecal
waste
0 to 1
14 02-07-01 to 0.29 to
02-09-30
0.54
0
indicator of adverse water quality if detected in treated water
The water distribution system is jointly operated by the Region of Niagara and the City of Niagara Falls. The Region
of Niagara samples the raw, treated and storage sites for bacteriological quality. The local municipality samples the
distribution system.
ODWS - Table B - Volatile Organics
Ontario Drinking Water Standards – Quarterly Requirement
Parameter in mg/L
Number Number of
MAC/IMAC
of
Detectable Sampling
AO/OG
Samples Results
Date
Range
Plant – Treated
Benzene
0.005 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06
<0.00036
Carbon Tetrachloride
0.005 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06
<0.00034
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
1,2 Dichloroethane
0.2 mg/L
0.005 mg/L
0.005 mg/L
1
1
1
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
<0.00056
<0.00025
<0.00032
1,1 Dichloroethylene
(vinylidene chloride)
Dichloromethane
0.014 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06
<0.00052
0.05 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06
<0.00117
0.0024 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06
<0.00047
0.08 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06
<0.00046
0.030 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06
<0.00048
0.024 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06
<0.00058
Trihalomethanes
0.10 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06
0.015
Trichloroethylene
0.05 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06
<0.00054
0.002 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06
<0.00008
0.3 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06
<0.00058
Ethylbenzene
Monochlorobenzene
(chlorobenzene)
Tetrachloroethylene
(perchloroethylene)
Toluene
Vinyl Chloride
Xylene
Distribution End
Trihalomethanes
This standard is expressed
as a running annual
average of quarterly
samples measured at a
point reflecting the
maximum residence time in
the distribution system
th
0.10 mg/L 2001 – 4 Quarter
01-11-05
st
2002 – 1 Quarter
02-02-04
nd
2002 – 2 Quarter
02-04-02
rd
2002 – 3 Quarter
02-08-062
Average
0.019
0.018
0.022
0.050
0.027
Excedence
Sources of Contaminant
in Drinking Water
0 Discharge from factories;
leading from gas storage
tanks and landfills
0 Discharge from chemical
plants and other industrial
activities
0
0
0 Discharge from industrial
chemical factories
0 Discharge from industrial
chemical factories
0 Discharge from
pharmaceutical and
chemical factories
0 Discharge from petroleum
refineries
0
0 Discharge from factories
and dry cleaners
0 Discharge from petroleum
factories
0 Byproduct of drinking water
disinfection
0 Discharge from petroleum
refineries
0 Leaching from PVC pipes;
discharge from plastic
factories
0 Discharge from petroleum
factories; discharge from
chemical factories
Byproduct of drinking water
disinfection
0
ODWS - Table C – Inorganics
Ontario Drinking Water Standards – Annual Requirements
Number Number of
Parameter
MAC/IMAC
of
Detectable Sampling
AO/OG
Samples Results
Date
Plant – Treated
Arsenic
0.025 mg/L
Barium
Boron
Cadmium
Chromium
1
1 02-07-02
Range
<0.002
1.0 mg/L
1
1 02-07-02
0.020
5.0 mg/L
0.005 mg/L
1
1
1 02-07-02
1 02-07-02
0.020
<0.0001
0.05 mg/L
1
1 02-07-02
<0.003
Iron
0.3 mg/L
1
1 02-07-02
<0.090
Lead
0.01 mg/L
1
1 02-07-02
<0.0006
Excedence
Sources of Contaminant in
Drinking Water
0 Discharge from semiconductor
manufacturing; petroleum refining;
wood preservatives; animal feed
additives; herbicides; erosion of
natural deposits
0 Discharge of drilling wastes;
discharge from metal refineries;
erosion of natural deposits
0
0 Corrosion of galvanized pipes;
erosion of natural deposits;
discharge from metal refineries;
runoff from waste batteries and
paints
0 Discharge from steel and pulp
mills; erosion of natural deposits
0
0 Corrosion of household plumbing
systems; erosion of natural
deposits
Manganese
Mercury
0.05 mg/L
0.001 mg/L
1
1
1 02-07-02
1 02-07-02
<0.003
<0.0001
Nitrate
10.0 mg/L
1
1 02-07-02
0.427
Nitrite
1.0 mg/L
1
1 02-07-02
<0.011
Selenium
0.01 mg/L
1
1 02-07-02
<0.003
In addition
Fluoride
1.5 mg/L
1
1 02-07-02
0.07
Distribution End
Lead
0.01 mg/L
1
1 02-07-02
<0.0006
0
0 Erosion of natural deposits;
discharge from refineries and
factories; runoff from landfills and
cropland
0 Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching
from septic tanks; sewage; erosion
of natural deposits
0 Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching
from septic tanks; sewage; erosion
of natural deposits
0 Discharge from petroleum
refineries; erosion of natural
deposits; discharge from mines
0 Water additive which promotes
strong teeth; erosion of natural
deposits; discharge from
fertilizer and aluminum
factories
0 Corrosion of household
plumbing systems; erosion of
natural deposits
ODWS – Table D – Pesticides and PCB
Ontario Drinking Water Standard – Quarterly Requirement
Number Number of
Parameter
Plant – Treated
Alachlor
MAC/IMAC
of
Detectable Sampling
AO/OG
Samples Results
Date
Range
0.005 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06 <0.00009
1
1
1 02-08-06 <0.00076
1 02-08-06 <0.00005
Atrazine
0.009 mg/L
0.0007
mg/L
0.005 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06 <0.00011
Azinphos-methyl
Bendiocarb
Bromoxynil
Carbaryl
Carbofuran
0.02 mg/L
0.04 mg/L
0.005 mg/L
0.09 mg/L
0.09 mg/L
1
1
1
1
1
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
Chlordane (total)
0.007 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06 <0.0002
Chlorpyrifos
0.09 mg/L
Cyanazine
0.01 mg/L
Diazinon
0.02 mg/L
Dicamba
0.12 mg/L
2,4- Dichlorophenol
0.9 mg/L
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroetha 0.03 mg/L
ne
( DDT )
0.1 mg/L
2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic
acid
( 2,4-D )
Diclofop-methyl
0.009 mg/L
Dimethoate
0.02 mg/L
Dinoseb
0.01 mg/L
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1
1 02-08-06 <0.00033
1
1
1
1 02-08-06 <0.00084
1 02-08-06 <0.0001
1 02-08-06 <0.00042
Diquat
0.07 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06 <0.001
Diuron
Glyphosate
0.15 mg/L
0.28 mg/L
1
1
1 02-08-06 <0.00056
1 02-08-06 <0.006
Heptachlor + Heptachlor
Epoxide
0.003 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06 <0.0002
Lindane (total)
0.004 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06 <0.00013
Malathion
Methoxychlor
0.19 mg/L
0.9 mg/L
1
1
1 02-08-06 <0.00037
1 02-08-06 <0.00064
Aldicarb
Aldrin + Diedrin
<0.00059
<0.00027
<0.00006
<0.00014
<0.00014
<0.0012
<0.000079
<0.00041
<0.0009
<0.00015
<0.00046
Excedence
Source of
Contaminant of
Drinking Water
0 Runoff from
herbicide used on
row crops
0
0
0 Runoff from
herbicide used on
row crops
0
0
0
0
0 Leaching of soil
fumigant used on
rice and alfalfa
0 Residue of banned
termiticide
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 Runoff from
herbicide used on
row crops
0
0
0 Runoff from
herbicide used on
soybeans and
vegetables
0 Runoff from
herbicide use
0
0 Runoff from
herbicide use
0 Residue of banned
termiticide +
Breakdown of
heptachlor
0 Runoff/leaching
from insecticide
used on cattle,
lumber, gardens
0
0 Runoff/leaching
from insecticide
Number Number of
Parameter
MAC/IMAC
of
Detectable Sampling
AO/OG
Samples Results
Date
Range
Excedence
Source of
Contaminant of
Drinking Water
used on apples,
potatoes, and
tomatoes
Metolachlor
Metribuzin
Paraquat
Parathion
0.05 mg/L
0.08 mg/L
0.01 mg/L
0.05 mg/L
1
1
1
1
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
<0.00058
<0.0005
<0.001
<0.0012
Pentachlorophenol
0.06 mg/L
1
1 02-08-06 <0.00015
Phorate
Picloram
Polychlorinated Biphenyls
( PCB )
0.002 mg/L
0.19 mg/L
0.003 mg/L
1
1
1
1 02-08-06 <0.00073
1 02-08-06 <0.00019
1 02-08-06 <0.00004
Prometryne
Simazine
Temephos
Terbufos
2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol
Triallate
2,4,6,-Trichlorophenol
Trifluralin
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy acetic
acid
0.001 mg/L
0.01 mg/L
0.28 mg/L
0.001 mg/L
0.10 mg/L
0.23 mg/L
0.005 mg/L
0.045 mg/L
0.28 mg/L
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
1 02-08-06
<0.00016
<0.00018
<0.00025
<0.00073
<0.00014
<0.00014
<0.00025
<0.00035
<0.00047
0
0
0
0
0 Discharge from
wood preserving
factories
0
0 Herbicide runoff
0 Runoff from
landfills; discharge
of waste chemicals
0
0 Herbicide runoff
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
REGIONAL NIAGARA – ADDITIONAL MONITORING
Statistical Report - Monthly Requirement
Parameter in mg/L
MAC/IMAC
AO/OG
Number of
Number of Detectable
Samples
Results
Sampling
Date
Range
Excedence
Plant – Treated
Alkalinity
30 – 500 mg/L
3
See Special
Table
250 mg/L
3
Colour (True)
5.0 TCU
3
Conductivity
No MAC
3
Fluoride
1.5 mg/L
3
80 – 100 mg/L
3
0.03 mg/L
3
Nitrate
10 mg/L
3
Nitrite
1.0 mg/L
3
pH
3
Sodium
6.5 – 8.5
(no units)
200 mg/L
Sulphate
500 mg/L
3
Turbidity
1.0 NTU
3
TASTE & ODOUR
Geosmin
No MAC
3
MIB
No MAC
3
Aluminum
Chloride
Hardness
Iron
3
3
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
3 02-07-02 to
02-09-03
80 to 88
0
0.084 to
0.165
17.5 to 21
0
0
<3.0 to 3.0
0
272 to 291
0
0.07 to 0.08
0
121 to 133
3
<0.09
0
0.214 to
0.427
<0.011
0
7.81 to 7.98
0
10.5 to 10.8
0
31 to 37
0
<0.20
0
<0.000003
0
<0.000003
0
0
Plant – Treated
Aluminum
OG
0.1 mg/L
October 1, 2001
November 5, 2001
The operational guidelines is based on a 12-month running
December 3, 2001
average of monthly samples
January 2, 2002
February 4 2002
March 4, 2002
April 2, 2002
May 6, 2002
June 3, 2002
July 2, 2002
August 6, 2002
September 3, 2002
Average
0.066
0.053
0.061
0.040
0.021
0.023
0.018
0.050
0.063
0.084
0.165
0.094
0.062
0
REGIONAL NIAGARA – ADDITIONAL MONITORING
(Not a CAEAL Certified Test)
Parameter in mg/L
MAC/IMAC
AO/OG
Number of
Number of Detectable
Samples
Results
Sampling
Date
Range
Excedence
Plant – Treated
UV Transmittance %
No MAC
11
11 02-07-22 to
02-09-30
96.4% to
99.4%
0
EXCEDENCES
Hardness
The degree of hardness of drinking water may be classified in terms of its calcium carbonate
concentration as follows: soft, 0 to < 60 mg/L; medium, 60 to < 120 mg/L; hard, 120 to < 180
mg/L; and very hard, 180 mg/L and above.
Although hardness may have significant aesthetic effects, a maximum acceptable level has
not been established because public acceptance of hardness may vary considerably
according to the local conditions. Water supplies with a hardness greater than 200 mg/L are
considered poor but have been tolerated by consumers; those in excess of 500 mg/L are
unacceptable for most domestic purposes.
The cations that are the major contributors to hardness – calcium and magnesium – are not
of direct public health concern.
If you wish to obtain a copy of this report, please contact the Niagara Falls Water
Treatment Plant at:
Niagara Falls Water Treatment Plant
3599 Macklem St.,
Niagara Falls, ON
L2G 6C7
Telephone: (905) 295-4513
Fax: (905) 295-4664
Quarterly Report Distributed to:
Director of the Ministry of the Environment ……………………..
by David Kellendonk
Electronic Copy …………………………………………………….
David Kellendonk
Regional Niagara, Environmental Centre ………………………..
Rhonda McCabe
City of Niagara Falls, Service Centre …………………………….
Doug Good
Town of Niagara-on-the-Lake, Public Works Department ……..
Larry Higgins
City of Thorold, Public Works Department ………………………
Tom Doherty
Niagara Falls Water Treatment Plant, Public Information Binder