GCSE PE Revision 1.1.1-1.1.5
Name:
GCSE Physical Education - Revision 1.1.1 - 1.1.5
In this booklet you will revise the information from topics 1.1.1 - 1.1.5 and apply this to
Andy Murray.
In the red boxes you will relate what you know to Andy Murray with SPORTING EXAMPLES
In the blue boxes you will answer real exam questions from past papers. These will show you the type of
question you could be asked in the exam.
The yellow boxes will show you what you need to know. This information is from the exam board and they
cannot ask you anything else.
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GCSE PE Revision 1.1.1-1.1.5
Tick each box off as you complete the booklet and understand the bullet points.
Unit 1.1.1 - Healthy, active lifestyles and how they could benefit you.
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What constitutes a healthy, active lifestyle.
The social, physical and mental benefits of exercise.
The six main benefits of a healthy, active lifestyle (contributes to good health etc).
The factors that physical activity can stimulate (competition etc).
Unit 1.1.2 - Influences on your healthy, active lifestyle.
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The key influences that have an impact on involvement in physical activity (CHRISP).
The sports participation pyramid.
The common purpose of initiatives.
The agencies involves in the provision of opportunities for becoming
involved in physical activity.
Unit 1.1.3 - Exercise and fitness as part of your healthy, active lifestyle.
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The terms health, fitness and exercise.
The components of health related exercise and relate each one to physical activity
discussing its importance to different activities.
The components of skill related exercise and relate each one to physical
activity discussing its importance to different activities.
Unit 1.1.4 - Physical activity as part of your healthy, active lifestyle.
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The purpose of PAR Q forms.
The fitness tests used to assess fitness levels for use in an exercise programme.
The principles of training (progressive overload, rest and recovery etc.)
The FITT principle.
The principle of setting SMART targets.
The methods of training (interval, circuit etc.)
The purpose of each component of an exercise session (warm up, main activity, cool
down).
The use of target zones and training thresholds.
Unit 1.1.5 - Your personal health and wellbeing.
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The links between exercise, diet, work and rest, and their influence on
personal health and wellbeing.
The requirements of a balanced diet.
The importance of macro nutrients, micronutrients, water and fibre for personal health
and wellbeing.
The need to consider the timing of dietary intake when performing due to the
redistribution of bloodWhat
flow. to Revise for GCSE PE
The fitness tests used to assess fitness levels for use in an exercise programme.
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The principles of training (progressive overload, rest and recovery etc.)
The FITT principle.
The principle of setting SMART targets.
GCSE PE Revision 1.1.1-1.1.5
Unit 1.1.1 - Healthy, active lifestyles and how they could benefit you
1.1.1 Sub Category 1/4 - A healthy, active lifestyle
Students must be able to: Explain what constitutes a healthy, active lifestyle.
What is the definition of a healthy, active lifestyle?
1.1.1 Sub Category 2/4 - Classifying the benefits of a healthy, active lifestyle
Students must be able to: Classify the benefits of a healthy, active lifestyle as social, physical or
mental.
What are the three categories of benefits of taking part in sport?
In the table below write three reasons for or benefits of taking part that you may have
experienced then categorise them using the categories you have named above. Try to think
of one for each category.
Reason for/benefit of taking part:
Category of benefit:
Other than physical and mental, name the third type of benefit that can be gained from participation
in physical activity (1)
Give an example of this type of benefit (1)
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Categorise the following benefits:
Reason/Benefit
It improves health
Category
Reason/Benefit
It makes you feel good
It relieves stress
It improves fitness
It can give you a mental
challenge by setting goals
It gives better muscle
definition
It allows you to
meet/make friends
It allows you to cooperate
with others as a team
It can help you to lose
weight
It provides a physical
challenge
Category
Andy Murray participates in training sessions in the lead up to an event, describe a physical benefit
this training will allow him to achieve:
Andy’s doctor has told him that participating in tennis will help to prevent
stress-related illnesses, what type of benefit is this?
1.1.1 Sub Category 3/4 - Describing the benefits of a healthy, active lifestyle
Students must be able to: Describe how physical activity can benefit an individual’s health and
wellbeing.
Give a developed statement for how physical activity can bring about the following benefits:
Increase fitness
Help the individual
feel good
Help relieve stress
and prevent stress
related illness
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Increase self esteem
and confidence
Contribute to good
health
Contribute to
enjoyment of life
How might Andy Murray experience enjoyment during a match?
Give a sporting example of when Andy Murray might experience an increase
in self esteem and confidence:
In PE theory lessons, Miss Smith explains the reasons for taking part in physical activity. Complete
the table below by identifying a:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Social benefit of exercise
Physical benefit of exercise
Mental benefit of exercise
Identify these benefits for someone still at school and someone who is at work.
Give a different example of each type of benefit for each person.
Type of benefit
Benefit for someone at school
(6)
Benefit for someone at work
Social
Physical
Mental
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1.1.1 Sub Category 4/4 - Understanding how factors can be stimulated by participation in
physical activity
Students must be able to: Explain how participation in physical activity can stimulate cooperation,
competition, physical challenge, aesthetic appreciation and the development of friendships and
social mixing.
benefit an individual’s health and wellbeing.
Explain what the following terms mean, giving an example of how they benefit you:
Cooperation
Competition
Physical challenge
Aesthetic
appreciation
Development of
friendships and social
mixing
When Andy played doubles at the 2012 Olympics which factor
would have been stimulated that wouldn’t normally be in singles?
Give a sporting example of when a spectator may experience aesthetic
appreciation when watching Andy Murray:
Regular participation in physical activity is thought to be beneficial to the individual.
Explain how participation in physical activity can stimulate:
a. Cooperation b. Competition c. Physical Challenge (4)
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Unit 1.1.2 - Influences on your healthy, active lifestyle
1.1.2 Sub Category 1/4 - The influences that impact upon an individual’s involvement in
physical activity
Students must be able to: Identify the key influences that have an impact on them, and others,
achieving sustained involvement in physical activity.
In the boxes below write the 6 main influences on people’s participation in sport:
Place the words in the purple box next to the correct influence category in the table below.
Family
Media
Gender
Peers
Race
Health Problems
Time
Influence Category
Status
Cost
Fashion
Illness
Availability
Disability
Role Models
Location
Access to Facilities
Age
Factors
C
H
R
I
S
P
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For each category choose one of the factors to explain with a sporting example, for example
for people you may choose to describe how a person’s family may influence their
participation in sport or physical activity.
Influence Factor Chosen
Category
Explanation of how this can effect participation
C
H
R
I
S
P
Which one of the following correctly identifies one example from each key influence? (1)
a. Family, fashion, peers, age, illness, cost
c. Peers, media, gender, time, cost, status
b. Role models, access, time, illness, status, race
d. Family, fashion, race, access, illness, cost
Theo’s family regularly participate in physical activity and introduced Theo to a variety of sports. A
hockey club is only five minutes’ walk from home so Theo has decided to play hockey.
Which two different categories of key influences have impacted on Theo’s involvement in physical
activity? (2)
Andy Murray has a bipartite patella (knee problem) which has caused him to pull out
of competitions in the past, which influence is this?
Andy Murray has a contract with Under Armour to wear their clothing, which
influence is this?
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1.1.2 Sub Category 2/4 - Roles allowing you to become or remain involved in sport
Students must be able to: Explain the opportunities to become, or remain, involved in physical
activity in a range of roles.
Other than as a participant name three roles which allow you to be involved in sport, list
two qualities required for this role:
Role:
Qualities required:
Two GCSE PE students were determined to help their parents, Janet and John, become involved in
sport so that Janet and John could benefit from a healthy, active lifestyle.
Other than participation, identify three different roles available to Janet and John for becoming
involved in physical activity. (3)
Andy Murray’s mum, Judy Murray, used to play tennis herself, she now works as a
tennis coach. Describe her new role within the sport:
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1.1.2 Sub Category 3/4 - The agencies and initiatives involved in providing opportunities
for participation in physical activity
Students must be able to: Identify the agencies involved in the provision of opportunities for
becoming, or remaining, involved in physical activity. Describe the common purpose of initiatives
developed to provide opportunities for becoming, or remaining, involved in physical activity.
Name the agencies involved in creating opportunities for people to become or remain
involved in sport:
These agencies and the government are responsible for creating initiatives. What are the
three common purposes of these initiatives?
1.
2.
3.
Who might the government choose to target with their initiatives?
National governing bodies are involved in developing and implementing sport-related initiatives.
Name a national governing body: (1)
Sport England and Youth Sports Trust are agencies that use initiatives to impact on sport and
physical activity in the UK.
Describe two common purposes of a sport related initiative: (4)
1.
2.
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1.1.2 Sub Category 4/4 - The sports participation pyramid
Students must be able to: Explain the sports participation pyramid with regard to the four stages.
The sports participation pyramid illustrates the development from mass participation at the
base of the pyramid to excellence at the top.
The greater the number of people who become involved in sport through participating and
volunteering, the broader the base.
The broader the base, the more likely it is that some will achieve excellence.
Write the name of each tier in the pyramid then explain it in the box.
As a professional athlete, what stage of the pyramid is Andy Murray at now?
At what stage of the pyramid was Andy Murray at when he played for fun at his local club?
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Unit 1.1.3 - Exercise and fitness as part of your healthy, active lifestyle
1.1.3 Sub Category 1/3 - Health, exercise and fitness
Students must be able to: Explain the terms health, exercise and fitness.
Match the following terms to their definition below.
Fitness
A positive state of complete mental, physical and
social wellbeing; not merely the absence of
disease and infirmity.
Exercise
The ability to meet the demands of the
environment.
Health
A form of physical activity which maintains or
improves health and/or physical fitness.
1.1.3 Sub Category 2/3 - The components of health-related fitness
Students must be able to: Explain the five components of health related fitness and relate each to a
physical activity, identifying the relative importance of each to different physical activities.
In the table below name the five components of health related fitness, give their
definition/an explanation and a sporting example of a sports person who would need the
component.
Component:
Definition/Explanation:
Sporting Example:
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Component:
Definition/Explanation:
Sporting Example:
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Below there are five photos of five sports people, write below each sports person which
component of health related fitness you think they would need the most, you can only use
each one once, so think of the most suitable fit for all as they athletes will need more than
one.
Health related exercise demands can vary within sporting activities.
For a named activity of your choice, identify a different situation or technique when the stated
components, listed below would be used in this activity. (3)
Name of activity:
a. Muscular strength:
b. Muscular endurance:
c. Flexibility:
Select a component of health related exercise to complete the following statements: (3)
a. The legs of a long distance runner need high levels of _________________ to ensure that
they can last the length of the race.
b. This is required by a gymnast to support his body weight _______________.
c. ________________ is the percentage of body weight which is fat, muscle and bone.
In tennis Andy Murray requires all of the components to a different degree. Which component of
health related fitness do you think is most important to Murray and why?
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1.1.3 Sub Category 3/3 - The components of skill-related fitness
Students must be able to: Explain the six components of skill related fitness and relate each to a
physical activity, identifying the relative importance of each to different physical activities.
Component:
Definition/Explanation:
Sporting Example:
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Look at the photos below, which main component does each athlete need in the action and
why? (Give a sporting example)
Goalkeeper save
Sprint start
Sprinting
Long jump
Cricket shot
Gymnastics
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Give sporting examples of when in a match Andy Murray would need the following components of
skill related fitness?
Power:
Reaction Time:
Agility:
Coordination:
1. Select a component of skill related exercise to complete the following statements: (4)
a. A high jumper needs _________________ at take-off to achieve the height to clear the bar.
b. Racket players need _______________ to move the hand holding the racket to the right
place to strike the ball correctly.
c. Footballers need ________________ to beat their opponents to the ball.
d. A gymnast needs ________________ to maintain her position on a beam.
2. Agility is more important to the games players than the sprinters.
Give a specific example when a games player would use agility during a match.
Explain why agility is not important to a 100m sprinter.
3.
Fiona is offering gymnastics as one of her practical activities for assessment. Her PE teacher
suggested she watched a gymnastics competition at a local gym club to develop her
understanding of the sport. The diagram to the right shows one of the gymnasts in a held
position.
Identify two skill related components of fitness that are important to the gymnast
when performing part of the routine shown on the right.
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Unit 1.1.4 - Physical activity as part of your healthy, active lifestyle
1.1.4 Sub Category 1/6 - Fitness testing
Students must be able to: Assess personal readiness and fitness levels for use in an exercise
programme.
What is a PAR Q?
Why is a PAR Q important?
In the table below, write the correct fitness test next to the appropriate component of
fitness.
Cardiovascular
Endurance
Agility
Muscular
Endurance
Balance
Muscular
Strength
Coordination
Body
Composition
Power
Flexibility
Speed
Reaction
Time
Name a health related fitness test that you would expect Andy Murray to be good at and explain
why.
Name a skill related fitness test that you would expect Andy Murray to be good at and explain why.
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1.1.4 Sub Category 2/6 - The principles of training
Students must be able to: Describe, explain and apply the principles of training.
Match the following principles to their definition.
Individual
differences/needs
Specificity
Progressive overload
Rest and Recovery
Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type
Reversibility
Planning how often to train
The period of time allotted to recovery and the time
required for the repair of damage to the body caused by
training or competition
The methods of training chosen to achieve a person’s
particular goals
Matching training to the requirements of an activity
Any adaptation that takes place as a consequence of
training will be reversed when you stop training
To gradually increase the amount of overload so that
fitness gains occur, but without potential for injury
Matching training to the requirements of an individual
How hard someone trains
How long each training session lasts
Below apply the principles of training to a sport of your choice. Explain the principle, how
your athlete would use it and how it would benefit their sporting performance.
Sporting Activity:
Individual Needs:
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Specificity:
Progressive Overload:
Rest and Recovery:
The principles of training are used to improve health, fitness and performance.
(i)
Explain how the principle of progressive overload could improve fitness.
(ii)
Explain how the principle of specificity could lead to improved performance.
(iii)
When would a performer experience the principle of reversibility?
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1.1.4 Sub Category 3/6 - Goal setting and SMART targets
Students must be able to: Explain the value of goal setting. Describe, explain and apply the
principles of setting SMART targets.
Give three reasons why athletes set goals:

C
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C
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c
When setting a goal it must be SMART. SMART goals are used widely in sport, work and leisure
to help make people’s goals easier to achieve. Briefly describe each area of SMART below.
SMART Area
Description
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Read and study the information below. It is an example of a sprinter’s adaptation of the
SMART goal setting.
Dan’s goal is to take one second off my 200m time in five weeks.
Here the goal is broken down into SMART areas, write which SMART area is being discussed;
one has been done for you.
Me and my coach agreed that a second off my personal
best is achievable.
I shall time myself after five weeks of training.
Realistic
I want to take a second off my 200m time.
We agreed to do the training programme four times
per week for the next five weeks.
My coach and I devised the training programme
around improving leg strength and power, and
reactions for my start.
When setting goals to plan involvement in physical activity it is important to apply the principles of
SMART targets.
The statements below are all examples of Year 10 students’ SMART targets.
A I need to take 60 seconds off my 3000m time as soon as possible.
B I want to improve by one lap in the Cooper’s run test within the next month.
C I will complete a two mile run in under 10 minutes.
(a) Apart from ‘specific’ which principle of SMART target setting have all three Year 10 students
applied? (1)
(b) Explain which of the Year 10 targets, above, would be considered to be the most effective target
for a performer. (3)
Andy Murray’s is about to begin the Wimbledon tournament, set a suitable SMART target he could
set himself before the tournament.
Name a skill related fitness test that you would expect Andy Murray to be good at and explain why.
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1.1.4 Sub Category 4/6 - The methods of training
Students must be able to: Describe the methods of training and explain how they can improve
health and fitness.
Complete the table below on the methods of training with descriptions and sporting
example of who would use the method to benefit them in their sport.
Training Method
Description
Sporting Example
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Which method of training would you expect to see the following athletes use? Write the
training method underneath the picture.
Heptathlon
Choose one of the athletes above and explain further why you believe they would use that
training method. Consider the components of fitness it develops and how it would affect
their performance.
Janet is a long distance runner. She needs to select a relevant method of training to improve her
cardiovascular fitness. Four different methods of training are shown below.
Interval Training
Continuous Training
Weight Training
(Using heavy weights)
Circuit Training
(i) Identify the most relevant and least relevant method of training to help Janet improve her
cardiovascular fitness from those listed above.
Most important:
Least important:
(ii) Identify a sporting activity where the performers would use the training method you identified as
least relevant to Janet.
....................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
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1.1.4 Sub Category 5/6 - The components of an exercise session
Students must be able to: Understand the exercise session and the purpose of each component.
What are the three sections of an exercise session?
1.
2.
3.
Briefly explain what you would expect to happen at each stage of an exercise session:
1.
2.
3.
1.1.4 Sub Category 6/6 - Heart rate zones
Students must be able to: Understand the various heart rate zones, using graphs to demonstrate
the use of target zones and training thresholds.
What is meant by the following terms?
Heart rate:
Resting heart rate:
Working heart rate:
Maximum heart rate:
Recovery rate:
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Place the following heart rates taken during exercise on the line graph.
Performer 1
Performer 2
50
60
158
123
120
125
156
126
133
130
100
70
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
HR 1
HR 2
HR 3
HR 4
HR 5
HR 6
Answer the following questions in relation to the graph above:
What type of training session would you say performer 1 was taking part in? Explain your
answer.
What type of training session would you say performer 2 was taking part in? Explain your
answer.
Explain and give examples for aerobic and anaerobic fitness.
Aerobic Fitness:
Sporting Examples:
Anaerobic Fitness:
Sporting Examples:
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Rob is a footballer and Imran is a long distance runner and within both their sports the boys could
work aerobically and anaerobically. For each of the following statements, state whether the activity is
aerobic or anaerobic.
(i) Imran kept a steady pace for the first mile and a half of the race.
(ii) At one point near the end of the race Imran had to sprint to prevent the runner behind overtaking
him and going into the lead.
(iii) During the fifth minute of the game Rob had a chance to score a goal, he struck the ball hard and
gave his team an early lead.
(iv) In the second half of the game Rob spent a lot of time slowly jogging back into position.
In a match, when would Andy Murray work anaerobically?
When would he work aerobically?
Name a skill related fitness test that you would expect Andy Murray to be good at and explain why.
Unit 1.1.5 - Your personal health and wellbeing
1.1.5 Sub Category 1/3 - The link between exercise, diet, work and rest
Students must be able to: Understand the link between exercise, diet, work and rest.
Describe below how the following four terms link together:
Work:
Exercise:
Diet:
Rest:
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1.1.5 Sub Category 2/3 - The requirements of a balanced diet
Students must be able to: Explain the requirements of a balanced diet, explaining the importance of
macro-nutrients, micro nutrient, water and fibre.
There are three macro-nutrients in the table below name the nutrient, describe the function
and give a sporting example of a sports person who would need high amounts in their diet.
Macro Nutrient
Examples of foods
Function
Sporting example
Andy Murray wants to improve the power in his serve, to do this he participates in weight training,
which macro nutrient is it crucial he consumes to help with this aim and why?
Andy has reached the Wimbledon final against world number 1 Novak Djokovic. He
thinks the game will last a while and go to 5 sets, which macro nutrient should he
consume before and why?
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Although macronutrients are very important they are not the
only things that we need for survival.
Our bodies also need water (6-8 glasses a day) and
micronutrients.
Vitamins:
Vitamins help the body grow and function properly.
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Example:
Example:
Example:
Function:
Function:
Function:
Sporting Example:
Sporting Example:
Sporting Example:
As part of a school’s focus on healthy living, Year 10 students were asked to keep a log of all the
food they ate over a one-week period.
Monday
Breakfast
None
Lunch
Burger and Chips
Dinner
Egg and Chips
Snacks
Chocolate bar x 2
Tuesday
Cereal
Tuna Sandwich from Home
Chicken,
Potatoes, Peas
Crisps
Drinks
1 litre water
1 litre coke
1 litre water
Which of the two days, Monday or Tuesday, provided a more balanced diet?
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Minerals:
Minerals also help the body grow and function properly.
Iron
Calcium
Iodine
Example:
Example:
Example:
Function:
Function:
Function:
Sporting Example:
Sporting Example:
Sporting Example:
Fibre:
Example:
Function:
Sporting Example:
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Fill in the gaps in these statements using the words from the purple box below:
The human body is ____________ water.
We lose ____________ of water a day through ____________,
____________ and breathing so this must be replaced.
When ____________ the body loses even more water increasing the
risk of ____________.
Symptoms of dehydration include ____________, lack of concentration
and headaches.
It is essential to keep taking a small amount of ____________ at
regular intervals during exercises to enable the body to function
properly.
Sweat
75%
Tiredness
Exercising
Dehydration
Urine
Headaches
Fluid
2-3 Litres
Design a meal for Andy Murray and justify why you have chosen each component of the meal and
how this will aid his performance.
1. What is the role of protein and how does this help the performer? (2)
Role
Advantage to performer
2. Explain the importance of micronutrients in maintaining a healthy, active lifestyle. (2)
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1.1.5 Sub Category 3/3 - Special diets and the timing of meals
Students must be able to: Explain the need to consider the timing of dietary intake when
performing due to the redistribution of blood flow during exercise.
Blood Shunting:




When you exercise, blood supply is prioritised to the places that it is needed the most
Blood is redistributed and sent from the organs (where it is not needed as much) to the
working muscles (where it is needed a lot)
This is known as the ‘vascular shunt mechanism’ or blood shunting
When you eat, blood is shunted to the stomach so food can be digested
Andy Murray has a match in 30 minutes but feels peckish, why would it be a bad idea to eat a large
meal this close to a game? How would his performance be affected?
How long before a match should Andy eat his last meal?
What should he eat/drink following a match and why?
Complete the table below on special diets:
Sporting Diet
Function
Sporting example of who might use
this
Carbo-Loading
High Protein
Diet
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Planning what and when you eat is an important part of leading a healthy, active lifestyle. Which of
the following would be the most appropriate amount of time to leave before exercising after a large
meal?
a.
b.
c.
d.
No need to wait as the food will provide energy
5 minutes
Half an hour
Two hours
In order for the gymnast to achieve and maintain the position below he needs to have strong bones.
Which of the following nutrients is essential in the diet for bone strength?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Protein
Vitamin C
Carbohydrate
Vitamin D
What would an endurance athlete do in regards to diet in the lead up to an event to ensure they have
enough
(e) energy? (3)
(1)
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