Ch:6 The American Revolution “Washington Crossing the Deleware”. IMAGE. Encyclopedia Britannica. Web 13 Oct. 2015 <http://media1.school.eb.com/eb-media/09/118409-004-8EECA00B.jpg>
Ch:6 Winning Independence
“Washington Crossing the Deleware”. IMAGE. Encyclopedia Britannica. Web 13 Oct. 2015 <http://media1.school.eb.com/eb-media/09/118409-004-8EECA00B.jpg>
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Objectives
•  Find out how the Americans won the final battle of the
Revolution. •  Learn the terms of the peace treaty with England. •  Explore the reasons that the Americans were victorious.
•  Examine the effects of the American Revolution.
Terms and People
•  Charles Cornwallis – British commander who
surrendered to Washington at Yorktown •  guerrilla – fighter who works in a small band to
make hit-and-run attacks
•  Francis Marion – American leader who used
guerrilla tactics against the British Portrait of Charles Cornwallis (London, 1738-Ghazipur, 1805), British general and
colonial administrator, Painting by Thomas Gainsborough. Photograph. Encyclopædia
Britannica ImageQuest. Web. 25 Oct 2015.
http://quest.eb.com/search/126_169298/1/126_169298/cite
Francis Marion. Photograph. Encyclopædia Britannica ImageQuest. Web. 25 Oct
2015.
http://quest.eb.com/search/312_1014556/1/312_1014556/cite
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Terms and People (continued)
•  Nathanael Greene – American general who
commanded the Continental army in
the South •  traitor – person who turns against one side in
a conflict to help the other side NATHANAEL GREENE (1742-1786). - American revolutionary officer. Oil on canvas by Charles Willson Peale, c1783.. Fine Art. Encyclopædia Britannica
ImageQuest. Web. 25 Oct 2015.
http://quest.eb.com/search/140_1645281/1/140_1645281/cite
How did the Americans win the war and make
peace? Armed with a new battle plan, the British were
determined to finally end the rebellion. For a time, it seemed they might succeed. But the
Americans fought on, still believing in victory.
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After losing New England, the British tried to win
the war by capturing the South, then marching
north.
Charles Cornwallis, the
British commander, seemed
unstoppable as he swept
through Georgia and into
the Carolinas.
North Carolina
Charles Towne,
South Carolina
Savannah,
Georgia
Battle of Guilford Courthouse, 15 March 1781 . Fine Art. Encyclopædia Britannica ImageQuest. Web. 25 Oct 2015.
http://quest.eb.com/search/108_268315/1/108_268315/cite
American Francis Marion, called the Swamp Fox, used
hit-and-run guerrilla tactics to slow the British.
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But the British kept pushing on, battle after battle.
Helping the British was the American traitor Benedict
Arnold. Benedict
Arnold
•  had fought bravely for the Patriots
Patriot
•  led Loyalist raids in Virginia
•  plotted to give West Point to the British
http://www.biography.com/people/benedict-arnold-9189320/videos/benedict-arnold-aman-without-country-2202642766
Finally, American forces rallied at two key battles
in South Carolina.
Kings
Mountain
Frontier fighters defeated British
and Loyalist troops atop Kings
Mountain Cowpens
Nathanael Greene split his army
in two; the western force under
Daniel Morgan defeated British
fighters
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The War in the South, 1778–1781
Weakened, Cornwallis
continued the march
north, into Virginia.
At the same time,
Washington rushed to
Virginia with American
and French troops. At Yorktown, Cornwallis moved his main army
onto the peninsula. He believed that the British naval fleet could reinforce his
position there. But Cornwallis soon realized that he was trapped. 6
American and French
troops arrived, blocking
an escape by land.
The French fleet also
arrived, blocking an
escape by sea.
On October 19, 1781,
Cornwallis surrendered.
http://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/siege-of-yorktown/videos/
1781-victory-at-yorktown-helps-end-the-american-revolution
Capitulation of Yorktown, Etching. Photo. Encyclopædia Britannica ImageQuest. Web. 25 Oct 2015. http://quest.eb.com/search/109_232080/1/109_232080/cite
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The long war for independence was finally over.
Now, it was time to make peace.
Peace talks between the two sides were held in Paris,
France. American
delegation
Benjamin Franklin
John Adams
Paris,
France
British
delegation
The talks resulted in the Treaty of Paris. The treaty
was approved by Congress in September 1783.
Treaty of Paris
• Britain recognized American independence.
• Both sides agreed to new U.S. boundaries.
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North America in 1783
The boundaries of the
new nation were:
• Canada on the north
• the Mississippi River
on the west
• Florida on the south
Florida was returned to
Spain.
For many, it seemed the impossible had happened. How
had the Americans defeated one of the most powerful
nations in the world? advantage of fighting on home ground
patriotic spirit
skilled leadership
help from abroad
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The immediate effect of the Revolution was to create a new
nation—the United States of America.
The nation was made
up of thirteen
independent states,
linked by custom and
history.
The long-term effects of the Revolution, however, continue
today.
American
Revolution
• The ideals of equality and liberty continue to gain
broader meaning.
• The Revolution has inspired independence movements
around the world.
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