Mexico
Missouri Compromise
or
Compromise of 1820
The Compromise is admission of Missouri as a slave-holding state, and
admission of Maine as a free state to maintain Congressional balance
Freedom is now a function of our “manifest destiny”:
a) Development of the territories into states requires new voters
b) Removal of property qualifications
c) “Ownership of self” is the only condition for membership in
political community
Federal government supports expansion:
a) Legal dispossession of Native Americans and Mexicans
b) Erie Canal and National Road
Canals
Railroads
Roads
The Market Revolution
1807
1807
Embargo
Embargo
Textile
Industry
War of 1812
Forced Labor
Steam
Power
Buying Power
An Integrated National Market
Results of the Market Revolution:
New Technologies
New Technologies
Power Looms
Lowell, Massachusetts: the birth of the American Factory System
The
Telegraph
Cincinnati, Ohio:
Urbanization of the Market Place
Canal Locks
Alternatives to the Market Revolution
Communitarians and utopians:
a) Oneida Community
b) Brook Farm
b
c) New Harmony
c
a
Idealistic alternatives to the Market Revolution:
a) Thomas Skidmore and the NYC Workingman’s Party
(government guarantee of comfortable subsistence)
b) George Evans and Horace Greeley: Free land movement
Second Great Awakening support for Protestant and Market
Values : The upright life is the road to success
Henry Thoreau Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry Thoreau Ralph Waldo Emerson
Bronson Alcott
Bronson Alcott
Slavery becomes everyone’s metaphor for
a)Temperance movement: slavery to drink
b) Finance and bankruptcy laws: debt slavery
c) labor’s efforts to organize against wage slavery
The Trancendentalists:
Self Reliance
Individual Conscience
Personal communication with “Oversoul”
The South as the Great Exception:
Western Expansion as plantation power
a) Proslavery ideology:
John Calhoun
George Fitzhugh
b) Attacks on “wage slavery” in the North
c) Idea that slavery creates “perfect equality” among whites
d) Liberty is a privilege, not a universal right
e) Paternalism is for the good of the slave
“When Jefferson
wrote “all men are
created equal’ he
meant only white
men”
John Calhoun
Abolitionists contrast wage and slave labor
Frederick Douglass
Wm. Lloyd Garrison
Wendell Phillips
Also supported:
women’s rights
native american rights
universal suffrage
New
Orleans:
Cotton
shipping
to the
World
Moving West: A
Mandan Village in
1805 and in 1830