1
Low BTU Gas Firing
Technologies for
Gas Turbine
Presenter: Sanjay Moza
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
2
CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Summary of fuel gas application
3. Development and history of low heating value
gas firing gas turbines
4. Design consideration on BFG firing gas
turbine
5. Advantages of BFG firing combined cycle
plant
6. Plant outline and features of latest BFG firing
combined cycle plant
7. Conclusion
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
3
Table.1. MHI gas turbine fuel applications (as of Oct. 2006)
Fuel
1. Single Fuel
(1)
Natural Gas, LNG
187
(2)
Refinery Process Gas, LPG
19
(3)
Steel Mill Gas
23
(4)
(5)
Distillate Oil
Other
63
1
2. Dual Fuel
(1)
(2)
Natural Gas /Distillate Oil
Natural Gas/Crude oil
(3)
Refinery Process Gas/Distillate Oil
7
(4)
(5)
LPG/Distillate Oil
Steel mill Gas/Distillate Oil
7
2
(6)
Coal Mine Gas/Distillate Oil
1
(7)
Synthetic Gas/Distillate Oil
2
Total
157
6
475
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
4
Fig.1 Mitsubishi gas turbine gas fuel experience
COAL & VR GASIFICATION (Syngas)
→
Burning Velocity
Air Blown
LPG & B-B GAS
Oxygen Blown
N.GAS & REFINERY GAS
REFINERY GAS
STEEL PLANT
COG&COAL MINE GAS
BFG/LDG/COG MIXED GAS
BFG
0
2
4
8
20
40
80
200
Heating value MJ/m3N-dry
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
5
Samples of Low Calorie Fuel
Combined Cycle Power Plant (1/2)
Shikoku Electric / Sakaide
(M301, 225MW, COG)
Nippon Steel / Kamaishi
(M151, 16MW, BFG)
JFE Steel / Chiba
(M701D, 149MW, BFG)
Nisshin Steel/Kure
(M251, BFG)
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
6
Samples of Low Calorie Fuel
Combined Cycle Power Plant (2/2)
Setouchi Joint Thermal Power
(M501DA, 149MW, BFG)
NUON, Netherlands
(M701D, 145MW, BFG)
Nippon Steel / Oita
(M251, 67.4MW, BFG)
Kimitsu Joint Cooperative Thermal Power
(M701F, 300MW, BFG)
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
7
First 300MW at the ｗorld
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
8
Fig.2 Supply record of Low BTU gas firing
MHI gas turbine
Under Operation
Under Construction
Total
12
16
28
Capacity
1,520 MW
1,788 MW
3,308 MW
Operating
Hours
More than 1,000,000
-
More than 1,000,000
No. of Units
3,000
25
20
2,000
Capacity
15
Unit NOS.
1,000
10
Total Capacity (MW)
Total Nos. of Operation Units
30
5
15
1990
1995
2000
2005
Year
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
9
Fig.3 World largest single shaft 431MW VR IGCC
Generator output
431MW
Fuel
Main (Start)
VR gas (Kerosene)
GT
Type
Simple open cycle, single shaft
M701F(1350℃class）
301MW
3000 rpm
Output
Speed
ST
Gen.
Type
Output
Steam condition
Main
Reheat
Mid.pressure
Single cylinder down exhaust
condensing reheat type
130MW
(at steam turbine inlet)
9.8MpaG x 538℃
2.9MpaG x 538℃
0.7MpaG x 313℃
Type
Capacity
Voltage
AC synchronous H2 cooled type
479,390kVA
23 kV
HRSG
GEN. ST　ST　GT（
GT（M701F）
M701F）
Side view of CCU
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
10
Fig.4 250MW IGCC demonstration plant
p
p
Gasifier
HRSG,Stack
Desulfurization
GT / ST
Nakoso
Tokyo
Takasago
Nagasaki
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
11
Fig.5 Trend of MHI GT with
low heating value gas firing gas
1,400
IGCC
Turbine Inlet Temperature °C
1,300
BFG
1,250°C
1,300°C
(F Class)
(DA Class)
1,200
1,350°C
1,150°C
(D Class)
1,100
1,019°C
1,000
‘85
‘90
‘95
‘00
‘05
Year
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
12
Table.3 MHI Typical fuel characteristic table
LNG
BFG
Mixed
BFG
Air
Blown
Syngas
Oxygen
Blown
Syngas
CH4
88.0
―
2.02
2.9
―
C2H6
7.11
―
0.24
―
―
C3H8
3.58
―
―
―
―
C4H10
1.24
―
―
―
―
C5H12
0.05
―
―
―
―
N2
0.02
55.4
51.02
30.7
1
CO
―
22.4
20.88
11.0
50
CO2
―
20.4
19.78
10.9
3
H2
―
2.0
6.05
16.8
45
Ar
―
―
0.01
0.80
1
40.9
3.0
4.2
4.3
11.3
3.2
2.1
4.2
9.8
37
37
3
16
44
170
COMPOSITION (vol.%)
FUEL
LHV
(MJ/m3N)
Flammability
Range (―)
Burning
Velocity
(cm/sec)
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
13
Key Technology for BFG Firing GT
BFG CHARACTERISTIC
1. Narrow Flammable
Zone
2. Low Calorie
KEY POINT
Stable Combustion from
Ignition to Full-load
Huge Gas Flow Supply &
Return System
TECHNOLOGY
Multi Can Type Combustor
with Air Bypass Valve
Single casing Gas Compressor
with Variable Pitch Vane,
connected with GT/ST shaft.
Fuel Gas Return System without
releasing to atmosphere.
3. Calorie Fluctuation
Stable Generator Output
Proven and Experienced Calorie
Control System
4. Dirty Dust
Dust Removal
Wet Type EP
5. Toxic (CO)
Prevention of BFG Leak
to Outside
Advanced Shaft Seal
(No leakage) on Gas Compressor
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
14
Table.4. Design modification for various heating value
Heating value
High
42 - 105
MJ/m3N
Standard
(Natural Gas)
36MJ/m3N
Medium
8.5 - 29
MJ/m3N
Air
Compressor
Standard
Standard
Standard
Combustor
Turbine
Fuel System
Fuel
Standard
(Minor mod.)
Standard
Standard
(Minor mod.)
LPG , B-B
Standard
Standard
Standard
LNG
Standard
(Minor mod.)
Standard
Standard
(Minor mod.)
Syngas
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
Low
3.1 - 8.4
MJ/m3N
Modification
or
Operational
restriction
Modification
Standard
Modification
BFG
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
15
Fig.7 Flow balance (Natural Gas vs BFG)
BFG
NATURAL GAS
Air 73%
Air 98%
FILTER/SILENCER
FILTER/SILENCER
TIP CUT
Gear
GEN.
COMP.
GEN.
GAS
COMP.
TURB.
COMP.
COMB.
TURB.
COMB.
Exhaust Gas
100%
Exhaust Gas
100%
BFG 27%
HRSG
E.P.
HRSG
BY PASS VALVE
GAS COOLER
Exhaust Gas
N.Gas2%
Natural Gas Line
Exhaust Gas
BFG Line
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
16
Fig10 Energy flow for BTG and GTCC
Energy Flow
BTG
BFG
COG
Combined Cycle Power Plant
BFG
100
%
Gen. 120MW
Boiler
Steam
Turbine
COG
Gen.
100%
150MW
Gas HRSG
Turbine
Steam Gen.
Turbine
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
17
Fig11 Performance comparison for BTG and GTCC
150
150
45
45
Power Output (MW)
Plant Thermal Efficiency
(%, LHV base)
50
40
36
35
30
120
100
Power Gained
when Firing
the same
amount of
Fuel = 30MW
50
25
BFG Firing BFG Firing
BTG
GTCC
Fuel Firing: BFG Firing GTCC
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
18
Fig12 CO2 Reduction scenario
CURRENT
FUTURE
150MW
Electricity Grid
Electricity Grid
△150MW
Electricity Utility
Coal Fired BTG P/S
(0.9kg-CO2/kwh)
Electricity Utility
Coal Fired BTG P/S
(0.9kg-CO2/kwh)
Steel Plant
Steel Plant
+150MW
GTCC
CO2 Emission
CO2 Emission
△1.08Million tone/Year
CO2 Emission
CO2 Emission
Same CO2 Emission in Steel Plant
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
19
Fig13 CO2 reduction effect for BTG and GTCC
Operating Hours
: 8,000hrs/year
CO 2 Production Rate
: 0.9kg/ kwh as Coal firing BTG
Fuel Heat Input
: Same
Better
CO 2 Reduction (Million tone/year)
Better
1.2
1.08
+ 0.216 Million
tone/year
1.0
0.864
0.8
0.6
0.4
BTG
GTCC
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
20
Fig.14 Outline of plant system
LP
IP
HP
By-pass Valve
Step up
Gear
ST
Gas
Cooler
Condenser
Gas
Comp
Mixer
Gen
Gas
Turbine
HRSG
Filter
Stack
EP
Cold reheat
Air
BFG Main Line
B
COG
Condensate Pump
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
21
Table.5. Main equipment specifications of plant
Gas turbine
Plant output
Fuel
Type
Output
Speed
Steam turbine
Output
Generator
Type
Type
Speed
Steam condition
High pressure
Intermediate pressure
Low pressure
Capacity
Voltage
Speed
300MW
BFG (mixed with COG)
Open cycle, single shaft
M701F(1300 °Cclass)
180.7MW
(After reduced gas compressor power)
3000 rpm
Single cylinder, down exhaust condensing,
reheat type
119.3MW
3000 rpm
(at steam turbine inlet)
10 .20MPaG/ 535°C
2.84MPaG/ 535°C
0.39MPaG/ 277°C
AC synchronous H2 cooled type
340,000kVA
16 kV
3000 rpm
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
22
Fig.13 Overall equipment layout
Gas Turbine
Steam Turbine
Gas Compressor
Generator
HRSG
Stack
Gas
Mixer
Approx. 60 m
Gas Cooler
Inlet Air Filter
Transformer
E.P.
Approx. 200 m
BFG COG
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
23
Table.6. Schedule of plant
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Civil work
GT Installation
Construction
Commissioning
Commercial Operation
Combustor
inspection
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
24
World Best Power Plants Kimitsu 300MW
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
25
7.Conclusion
World Wide Clean Energy Source Coupled with Low BTU gas and
MHI GTCC
●BFG is utilizable as GT fuel. (For Large Gas Turbines mixed with COG or LDG.)
●High efficiency power generation in GTCC
●Various fuel application for GTCC
●Environmentally friendly system
●Bringing to Zero Green House
This document contains information proprietary to Mitsubishi Heavy
Heavy Industries, LTD. It is submitted in confidence and is to be used
used solely for the purpose for which it is furnished and returned
returned upon request.
This document and such information is not be reproduced, transmitted,
transmitted, disclosed or used otherwise in whole or in part without the
the written authorization of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD.
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Takasago Machinery Works
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL