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Name: _________________________________
Date: __________________________________
REVIEW OF TERMS AND CONCEPTS WORKSHEET
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1. In the diagram above, label all the following parts of the ecosystem.
icebergs, glaciers
ocean, seas
aquifer
lakes, rivers, streams
cloud
tree
sun
water vapor
land
rain, snow, sleet, hail
2. In the diagram above, label the lines that represent the processes that move and transform water around
the ecosystem. (Use a different colour from the one you used for the labels above.)
precipitation
melting
run-off
sublimation
condensation
percolation
freezing
transpiration
evaporation
deposition
3. What are the three processes that create water vapor?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. What are the two processes that return water vapor to the Earth?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
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5. Fill in the blanks with the correct terms in the sentences below.

During ___________________, plants release water into the atmosphere. When there is enough water
vapor in the air, the water vapor undergoes ___________________ and forms clouds.

When enough clouds form, then the water returns to the earth as ___________________ . This water
can either ___________________ into lakes, streams and rivers, or ___________________ into the
soil to fill underground water sources called ___________________ .

The process that contributes the most water vapor is ___________________ .

Humans are made up of ____% water.
6. Match each statement with the term that is the most correct. Each term may be used once, more than
once or not at all.
_____
a) This process converts liquid water into water vapor.
_____
b) Only 3% of the Earth’s water comes in this form.
_____
c) This is the process that converts solid ice into gaseous water.
_____
d) This process creates clouds.
_____
e) This process occurs when water vapor collects into larger liquid
droplets.
_____
f)
_____
g) This process occurs when excess rainwater or melt water drains into
lakes, rivers and streams.
_____
h) This is the process that converts gaseous water into solid ice.
_____
i)
This comes in the form of snow, rain, sleet and hail.
_____
j)
This is the process that converts liquid water into solid water.
_____
k) 97% of the Earth’s water comes in this form.
_____
l)
In this process, plants release water vapor into the air.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)
I)
J)
K)
L)
M)
aquifer
condensation
deposition
evaporation
freezing
fresh water
melting
percolation
precipitation
run-off
salt water
sublimation
transpiration
These two processes can cause glaciers or icebergs get smaller in size.
_____
_____
m) This process involves rainwater filtering through soil.
_____
n) This is the process that converts solid water into liquid water.
_____
o) This is an underground water reservoir.
_____
p) This process involves a loss of moisture from soil.
7. Describe three human activities that can disrupt the water cycle, and what effect each one has.
i) _____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
ii) ____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
iii) ____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
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8. Fill in the blanks with the terms that best complete each sentence.
a) ____% of the surface of the Earth is covered in water. Of water, ____ % is salt water and ____ % is
fresh water but most this freshwater is unusable because it is _____________________. Water on
Earth exists in three states: _____________________ , _____________________ , and
_____________________ . The gas state for water is also called _____________________.
b) Much of the water found in trees is released as water vapor into the atmosphere through the process
of _____________________ . This water vapor adds to the large amount of water vapor that is
already in the air. This water vapor isn’t only created by trees through _____________________ , the
majority of it is created through the process of _____________________ when liquid water turns into
water vapor. This process can happen from the surface of oceans, seas, lakes and rivers, or it can
happen to the water found in the _____________________. Water vapor is also created when solid
water (ice) is transformed into water vapor through a process called _____________________ . All of
these processes help produce the large amounts of _____________________ in the air.
c) The water vapor particles gather together until enough are collected to create a liquid droplet of
water. This process is called _____________________ , and it helps form the
_____________________ in the sky. When the clouds get heavy enough with water, the clouds will
release the water through _____________________ which can come in the form of rain,
_____________________ , snow, or hail which can fall onto land or into the oceans, seas, rivers and lakes.
d) When the precipitation falls on the land, if there is too much precipitation, it will
_____________________ onto the surface of the land or into lakes, rivers and streams. The rest will
_____________________ down through the soil where it will be captured by plant roots. If there are
no plants to capture the water, then the percolation will carry vital _____________________ down
and away from the top layers of soil. The top soil may also get so dry that most of it will
_____________________ away. Any water that is not captured by plants will continue to move down
and gather in underground _____________________. These _____________________ are what make
wells for drinking water possible.
e) When the rain falls into the oceans, it adds to the huge amount of ocean water that already exists.
Near the North and South Poles, glaciers, icecaps and icebergs are created when liquid water turns
into solid water in a process called _____________________ . In addition, glaciers also increase in size
due to the process of _____________________ which involves water vapor turning into ice. Glaciers
and icecaps decrease in size when the solid water turns into liquid water in a process called
_____________________.
f)
Global warming is also affecting the water cycle because it’s causing the _____________________ to
melt. This is decreasing the _____________________ content of ocean water as well as increasing the
_____________________ of the water, both of which will have an overall impact on the weather
patterns of Earth. As well, with less ice and snow in the poles (which are white), and more ocean
water (which is darker), more _____________________ is _____________________
(reflected/absorbed) by the darker ocean water which adds to the cycle of global warming.
g) Along with global warming climate change is causing a change in global weather patterns which affects
the amount of _____________________ that falls onto the Earth. Too much of this and you have a
_____________________ but too little of this and you have a _____________________ which is what
has been happening for the past few years in the Horn of Africa.
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