Chapter 5 test
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. Mendeleev arranged the known chemical elements in a table according to increasing
a. atomic number.
c. number of protons.
b. number of electrons.
d. mass.
____
2. Mendeleev gave the name eka-aluminum to a(an)
a. compound containing aluminum.
b. mixture of aluminum and an unknown element.
c. unknown element he predicted would have properties similar to those of aluminum.
d. rare isotope of aluminum.
Figure 5-1
____
3. Figure 5-1 shows a portion of a blank periodic table. Identify the segments labeled A and B.
a. A and B are both periods.
c. A and B are both groups.
b. A is a period and B is a group.
d. A is a group and B is a period.
____
4. Moving from left to right across a row of the periodic table, which of the following values increases by
exactly one from element to element?
a. isotope number
c. atomic mass unit
b. atomic number
d. mass number
____
5. The unit for atomic mass is
a. gram
b. amu
c. pound
d. none of the above
____
6. Which statement is true about the metalloid silicon?
a. Silicon is a better conductor of electric current than silver is.
b. Silicon does not conduct electric current under any conditions.
c. Silicon's ability to conduct electric current does not vary with temperature.
d. Silicon is a better conductor of electric current than sulfur is.
____
7. At room temperature, none of the metals are
a. soft.
b. liquids.
c. malleable.
d. gases.
____
8. Which general statement does NOT apply to metals?
a. Most metals are ductile.
b. Most metals are malleable.
c. Most metals are brittle.
d. Most metals are good conductors of electric current.
____
9. As you move from left to right across a period, the number of valence electrons
a. increases.
c. increases and then decreases.
b. stays the same.
d. decreases.
____ 10. Which of the following Group 1A elements is the most reactive?
a. Cs (cesium)
c. K (potassium)
b. Li (lithium)
d. Na (sodium)
____ 11. In a periodic table, a set of properties repeats from
a. element to element.
c. column to column.
b. group to group.
d. row to row.
____ 12. The atomic mass of an element is
a. the sum of the protons and neutrons in one atom of the element.
b. twice the number of protons in one atom of the element.
c. a ratio based on the mass of a carbon-12 atom.
d. a weighted average of the masses of an element’s isotopes.
____ 13. Which list of elements contains only metals?
a. carbon, iodine, tin
b. tin, copper, cesium
c. helium, iron, copper
d. iodine, carbon, argon
____ 14. Group 7A of the periodic table contains the
a. most reactive nonmetals.
b. most reactive metals.
c. least reactive nonmetals.
d. least reactive metals.
____ 15. Atoms of the most reactive elements tend to have
a. one or seven valence electrons.
c. four or five valence electrons.
b. eight valence electrons.
d. no valence electrons.
____ 16. The tendency of an element to react is closely related to
a. its atomic mass.
b. attractions between its atoms.
c. the number of valence electrons in atoms of the element.
d. the ratio of protons to neutrons in atoms of the element.
____ 17. A member of the boron family has three valence electrons, while a member of the nitrogen family has
a. none.
c. four.
b. five.
d. three.
____ 18. Which of the following Group 7A elements is the most reactive?
a. Cl (chlorine)
c. F (fluorine)
b. I (iodine)
d. Br (bromine)
____ 19. Which of the following gases emit colors when an electric current is applied?
a. hydrogen and helium
c. fluorine and chlorine
b. argon and krypton
d. oxygen and nitrogen
____ 20. Which element is found in nature only in compounds?
a. sodium
c. oxygen
b. helium
d. nitrogen
____ 21. Which element is found in most of the compounds in your body except for water?
a. iodine
c. iron
b. potassium
d. carbon
Numeric Response
22. How many sig. fig. does each number have?
a.) 1365
b.) 1960
c.) .00456
d.) 1.002
23. Solve; write the answer in the correct number of sig. figs.
a.) 97.39 + 14 =
b.) 4.56 - 2.8 =
c.) 12.9 + 2 =
24. Solve; write the answer using the correct number of sig. figs.
a.) 12 x 12 = b.) 850 / 10
c.) 16 x 3 =
d.) 8 x 1.01
Completion
Complete each statement.
25. Mendeleev predicted that the undiscovered element he called eka-aluminum would have a(an)
____________________ melting point.
26. Element 3, lithium, has one valence electron, and element 4, beryllium, has two valence electrons.
Element 5, boron, has ____________________ valence electrons.
27. The pattern of repeating properties of elements revealed in the periodic table is known as the
____________________.
28. Elements can be classified as metals, nonmetals, and ____________________.
29. Metals that grow dull when exposed to air are more ____________________ than metals that remain
shiny.
30. Hydrogen does not have the typical properties of a metal. However, hydrogen is located above Group 1A
because it has one _________________________.
31. Fertilizers usually contain two elements from Group 5A, which are ____________________ and
phosphorus.
Short Answer
32. On the periodic table, there are two numbers in the block for the element potassium, K: 19 and 39.098.
What are these two numbers, and what do they represent?
33. Element X has five valence electrons, element Y has one valence electron, and element Z has five valence
electrons. Which two of these elements are most likely to have similar properties? Explain your answer.
Essay
34. Why were the elements gallium (Ga), scandium (Sc), and germanium (Ge) important to Mendeleev?