Warm-up for 3-1
 What financial responsibilities exist between
a parent and a child? Could a similar
relationship exist between a parent nation
and its colonies? Explain
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purpose of the colonies
was to enrich Britain
theory of mercantilismeconomic system
designed to increase
wealth and power by
obtaining gold and silver
and est. a favorable
balance of trade
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colonial merchants sought $
and traded goods to other
European nations
England viewed this as a threat
Navigation Acts (1651)- series of
laws restricting colonial trade
-all goods must be passed
through England
-goods must be shipped on
colonial or British ships
passed by Parliament- England’s
legislative body
*colonial merchants resented
restrictions and smuggled
goods
Tensions Emerge
 Dominion of New England(1686)
-est. of one colony, under one
ruler by James II, to make the
colonial govt. more obedient
 Sir Edmund Andros- chosen to
rule New England
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Glorious Revolution (1688)transfer of the British monarchy
from RC James II to Protestants
William and Mary
Parliament restored original
status of the colonies in 1691required more religious toleration
between Puritans/Anglicans
England Loosens the Reins
 Turns attention away to pursue control of Europe
 Salutary neglect- new policy of relaxing the
enforcement of regulations in its colonies in return for
continued economic loyalty
-affects politics as well as economics
-colonialists dev. a taste for self-governing
STUARTS
James I 1603-1625
Charles I 1625-1649
COMMONWEALTH
Oliver Cromwell 1649-1658
Richard Cromwell 1658-1659
STUARTS (restored)
Charles II 1660-1685
James II 1685-1688
William III 1689-1702
Mary II 1689-1694
Anne 1702-1714
HOUSE OF HANOVER
George I 1714-1727
George II 1727-1760
George III 1760-1820
Warm-up for 3-2
 Do you think it is possible to live a life of
leisure and wealth without relying on the hard
work of other, poorer people? Explain
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Plantations develop instead of towns (rural)
Plantation farmers specialize in raising a single cash
crop- grown for sale, not use
-examples- tobacco, rice, indigo
deep river systems of the south allowed access for
ocean-going vessels
Southern Society
 dominated by planters
 small farmers formed
majority of pop.
 women had few legal or
social rights (educated in
social graces & domestic
tasks)
 indentured servants-harsh
limited term of servitude,
many decide to not to
come & planters faced w/
a depleted labor force
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Slavery-people who are considered the property of others
increasingly difficult to enslave Native Americans
Africans’ dark skin seen as a sign of inferiority
slavery going on since late 1600’s in West Indies
triangular trade
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merchants bring goods (rum) to Africa to trade goods for slaves
slaves brought to West Indies for sugar and molasses
goods brought to NE to be distilled
middle passage- voyage that brought Africans to West Indies and later to NA
*Up to 20% died from cruel treatment, disease, or suicide on their way to the
New World*
African Culture
 kept alive culture and musical
traditions
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retold stories of ancestors
dance- colonists tried, but failed
to eradicate it
resisted slavery by faking
illness, breaking tools, staging
work slowdowns
Stono rebellion
- occurred at the Stono River near
Charlestown in 1739
-militia put down rebellion
-despite failure, showed courage
and scared colonists
**the slave trade spanned ~400 years,
from the 15th to the 19th century, and
removed an estimated 25-30 million
people from Africa**
Warm-up for 3-3
 What do you like or dislike about city life?
How do large cities near us influence our
communities? How might the growth of
commercial cities affect life in the colonies?
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1650-1750, colonies
economy grew 2x as fast
as GB’s
farms produced several
crops unlike the south
commercial economygrinding wheat, fishing,
lumber, & shipbuilding
major port citiesBoston, NYC, &
Philadelphia
*Philly was the first large
city since Ancient Roman
times to be laid out in a
grid
Immigrants bring diversity
 fleeing economic
distress or seeking
religious freedom
(Scots-Irish, Germans,
Dutch, Scandinavians, &
Jews)
Slavery in the North
 slavery existed in NE
and thrived in middle
colonies
 enjoyed greater legal
standing
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Ex.- could sue and be sued
Women
 few rights, same as
south
Salem
 girls accused a West Indian
slave woman, Tituba, of
witchcraft in 1692
 hysteria gripped town as
accusations grew
 19 people were hung, 1
person crushed to death, &
4 or 5 “witches” died in jail
There was a marked west-east split between the accused
and accusers. The villagers living in the hills to the west
made accusations against the inhabitants of the more
affluent east. Other possible theories about the cause of
the Witch Trials, besides economic jealousy, include
religious hysteria and ergot poisoning.
Enlightenment
 movement in the 1700’s that
emphasized the use of
reason and the scientific
method as a means of
obtaining knowledge
 Benjamin Franklin- believed
humans could use their
intelligence to improve their
lives
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invented lightning rod &
bifocals
known for being a ladies man
Only went to 2nd grade
Invented the catheter
Invented bifocals
Printed 1st mail order catalog
Est. the nations 1st insurance company
Set up the 1st subscription library
Invented the lightning rod
Invented a heater, the Franklin stove
Organized 1st volunteer fire dept.
Helped setup Univ. of Penn.
1st demonstrated that acidic soils can be made fertile by adding lime
Did much to develop the science of electricity and give it a
vocabulary
 Printed Poor Richard’s Almanac- known for weather
 Signer of the Declaration of Independence
 Campaigned unsuccessfully to have the turkey selected as the
symbol of America
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Enlightenment cont.
Thomas Jefferson
used reason to conclude that
individuals have natural
rights, which govt. must
respect
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drafted Declaration of
Independence
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3rd President of US
The Great Awakening
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revival of religious feeling
throughout the 1730’s and
1740’s
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Jonathon Edwards- famous
preacher
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Goal- revive intensity of
original Puritan vision
increased interest in higher
education
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(Protestant schools foundedPrinceton, Brown, Columbia,
& Dartmouth)
*Both movements caused people to question traditional authority and
stressed importance of the individual*
Warm-up for 3-4
 Video warm-up The Impact of the French and Indian
War
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Alternative- Have you ever experienced a
friendship with one person that caused a rift with
another? Do you think a similar situation could
occur between nations? Explain
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dispute of fertile
Ohio River Valley*
Robert Cavelier
had claimed
Mississippi Valley,
naming it
Louisiana in 1682
New FranceFrench colony
sparsely populated
(70,000 by 1754)
French consisted of
traders and priests
had developed
friendly relations
w/ Indians
The Spark
 In 1754 the French built a fort in modern-day
Pittsburgh, but the British had previously granted
the land to a wealthy planter
 Virginia governor sends militia led by George
Washington (22 years old) to evict the French
 Battle ensued and Washington was forced to
surrender- this began the French and Indian War
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French used guerilla style fighting to
win battle after battle
William Pitt-politician and military
leader sent by King George
turned the tide & aligned w/ powerful
Iroquois Indians
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Battle of Quebec-59’
surprise attack by British
wins the war
Treaty of Paris- (1763) GB
gains all of NA east of
Mississippi including
Florida
Spain gained French
lands W of Mississippi
including New Orleans
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1st political cartoon in America
Benjamin Franklin created to encourage the
colonies to unite against the French and Indian
forces
*widely circulated during the American Revolution
Victory brings problems
 Pontiac- Ottawa
leader realizes French
loss means Indian loss
 captures 8 British forts
in Ohio Valley
 British present smallpox infected blankets to
two Delaware chiefs
 weakened by disease
& war many negotiate
peace by 1765
 Proclamation of 1763British govt. banned
all settlement west of
Appalachians
Tensions between Colonies and Britain
1.
proclamation convinced colonists
that the British did not care about
their needs
2.
writs of assistance-law allowing
custom officials to search any ship
or building for smuggling
3.
British leave 10,000 men in
territories to control Indians
4.
George Grenville- prime minister
who developed Sugar Act (3)
halved duty of foreign made
molasses
 placed duties on certain imports
 allowed prosecutors to try
smuggling cases in a viceadmiralty court as opposed to a
colonial court
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