Welcome
Cutting Carbon in Rail
Infrastructure Event
Opened by Michelle Papayannakos
22 September 2016
Time
Item
15.00
Welcome - Sustainable Rail Programme,
RSSB: Framing the carbon challenge
Opening address from Transport Scotland
and Department for Transport
Michelle Papayannakos, RSSB
15.40
Talk from the author of the ICE Bath
database
Craig Jones, Circular Ecology
16.00
Network Rail: the experience of the client
Emmanuel Deschamps, Network Rail
16.15
Case studies from WSP PB projects
Mike Hardisty, WSP PB
Abigail Frost, WSP PB
16.30
Live demonstration of the Rail Carbon Tool
Jon Casey, Atkins
16.55
Looking at next steps
Michelle Papayannakos, RSSB
17.00
Trial of the tool and networking over light refreshments
15.15
Hello
3
RSSB Cutting Carbon Event
22 September 2016
Gordon Macleod, Transport for Scotland
Mark Gaynor, Department for Transport
Carbon smart Achieve long-term reductions in carbon emissions
RSSB Cutting Carbon
3 Event
22 September 2016
Opening address
Gordon Macleod, Transport for Scotland
Mark Gaynor, Department for Transport
5
Carbon, Cost & Culture
Mark Gaynor, DfT
and
Gordon Macleod, Transport Scotland
Cutting carbon just makes
sense:
• Supports our
environmental ambitions
• Delivers cost reductions
“…reducing carbon reduces costs. It is
part and parcel of saving materials,
reducing energy demand and
delivering operational efficiencies.
Pursuing a low carbon agenda
stimulates innovation, making
businesses more competitive not only
in their home markets but on the
international stage too.”
• Promotes innovation
Infrastructure Carbon Review, 2013
Challenging times ahead
• Continuing demand growth
is placing increasing
pressure on rail
infrastructure
• Need affordable ways of
providing more capacity
• So a real opportunity to use
tools to reduce embodied
carbon and deliver more
cost-effective and
sustainable infrastructure
BUT….
• Should we do more ?
–Thousands of rail projects completed
every year
–Network Rail has ~ 34 000 staff
–Little media coverage/publicity
•
•
•
•
•
Publicise the positive
Encourage others
Work together
Learn the lessons
Adapt and change
SUMMARY
• Supports our environmental ambitions
• Delivers cost reductions
• Promotes innovation
• More hard work and dissemination
• Spread the word
Talk from the author of the ICE
Bath database
Craig Jones, Circular Ecology
13
Embodied Carbon in Rail Infrastructure
Cutting Carbon in Rail Infrastructure
RSSB, 21st Sept 2016
Dr Craig Jones
[email protected]
Contents
• Why carbon?
• Value of embodied carbon reduction
• ICE database
• PAS 2080
• Case study
• Reducing embodied carbon
About Circular Ecology Ltd
• Environmental consultants based in Bristol
LCA, carbon footprinting, embodied
carbon, water footprinting,
training…etc
• Recent rail projects include Great Western
Railway (GWR), HS2, London Underground
• Our name Circular Ecology was inspired by:
• Circular Economy
• Industrial Ecology
• Logo Möbius strip
• End can be a new beginning
•
Why?
Why carbon?
Why take action?
Why Carbon?
Case for Action: HM Treasury “Infrastructure
Carbon Review” 2013
“The Infrastructure Carbon Review sets out a series of actions
for government, clients and suppliers to reduce carbon from
the construction and operation of the UK’s infrastructure
assets, in line with the UK’s climate change commitments.
The recommendations have the potential to reduce up to 24
million tonnes of carbon and save the UK £1.46 billion a year
by 2050. The Review is developed jointly by government and
industry though the Infrastructure Cost Review and Green
Construction Board.”
www.gov.uk/government/publications/infrastructure-carbon-review
HM Treasury “Infrastructure Carbon Review” 2013
The report clearly states:
“Reducing carbon reduces costs”
“Leading clients and their supply chains have already
achieved reductions in capital carbon of up to 39 per
cent, and 34 per cent in operational carbon. These
reductions in carbon have been achieved in association
with average reductions in Capex of 22 per cent”
Case for Embodied Carbon Reduction
•
•
•
•
Can’t take statement “reducing carbon reduces cost” at
face value
To achieve the cost reductions whole life carbon
measurement needs to be implemented correctly
Carbon measurement as a vehicle for innovation and
change
• A carbon target in addition to other design tolerances
• Stimulates lower carbon and cost designs
Embodied carbon reduction opportunity can only be
taken upfront.
• Once the project is constructed it’s too late
Carbon Measurement
The Inventory of Carbon & Energy (ICE)
• An embodied energy and carbon
database for building materials
• Used in the RSSB tool
• Primarily for Construction Materials
• Data for over 200 materials
• Over 20,000 worldwide users
• BSRIA hardcopy published in
January 2011
• Excel version free to download from
www.circularecology.com/icedatabase.html
ICE Update: Status Update
• ICE database has had no funding since 2010
• We would like to raise funds for an update
• But only to keep it completely free and fully
independent
• Which is a large challenge
• We have considered various options for
funding, but none have been successful so far
• Data is much better now than the last update in
2011
• Over 5 years since last data update (will be 6
years in Jan 2017)
• Still usable, but would benefit from an update
What’s Changed Since Last ICE Update (2011)
• EN 15978:2011: Sustainability of construction works —
Assessment of environmental performance of buildings —
Calculation method
• EN 15804:2012: Sustainability of construction works —
Environmental product declarations — Core rules for the
product category of construction products
• Lots of new Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs)
• PAS 2050:2011 Version - Product carbon footprint standard
from BSI. Linked to Carbon Trust Carbon Reduction Label
• World Resources Institute: GHG Protocol for Products
• HM Treasury Infrastructure Carbon Review, 2013
• PAS 2080 – Carbon Management in Infrastructure – May
2016
PAS 2080 “Carbon Management in
Infrastructure”
• PAS = Publically Available
Specification
• Public comment closed Dec 2015
• Final version released May 2016
• Focusses on reducing carbon
emissions in infrastructure assets
• On a whole life carbon basis
(embodied + operational)
• Good framework for reduction of rail
whole life carbon
Case Study
Embodied Carbon - London Underground
• Sustain worked with London
Underground to measure whole life
carbon of tube station upgrades
• Including construction materials
• Embodied carbon measured using the
RSSB carbon tool
• Initial results showed the embodied
carbon hotspots from the
construction
Underground Station – Example Results
• Example carbon breakdown…
• Sprayed concrete was the
main embodied carbon
hotspot
• Waste from construction of
sprayed concrete tunnels is
typically high
• i.e. can be 40-50% extra
material
• Sprayed concrete therefore
has potential for future
improvement
Reducing Embodied Carbon
Examples
• Concrete: Use GGBS or PFA
to substitute cement
• Use natural materials
• E.g. timber
• Sequesters/stores
carbon
• Retain structure
• Reuse materials
• Longer lifetime products
Reduction: Low Carbon Concrete
Thank You
[email protected]
@EcoCraigJones
Network Rail: the experience of
the client
Emmanuel Deschamps, Network Rail
33
Presentation Title: View > Header & Footer
Cutting Carbon in Rail Infrastructure
The Greater West Programme
22-Sep-16 /
34
Agenda
Presentation Title: View > Header & Footer
• Introduction to the Greater West Programme
• First steps with the Rail Carbon Tool
• Growing up with the Tool
• Looking forward to a Low Carbon future
22-Sep-16 /
35
Presentation Title: View > Header & Footer
Introduction to the
Greater West
22-Sep-16 /
36
/
/
Presentation Title: View > Header & Footer
Our first steps with
the Rail Carbon Tool
22-Sep-16 /
39
First steps
22-Sep-16
• What does it look like?
• Trialling the tool on pilot projects and providing feedback
• Carbon reduction opportunities are driven by ad hoc efficiency and
cost reduction initiatives -> pockets of excellence, no systematic
approach, missed opportunities
• Using the tool to educate others and highlight benefits
• Retrospective use of the tool to match carbon reduction with
efficiency and financial savings.
• Examples:
• Reading Elevated Railway
• Broadtown Rd aggregates transport
• OLE foundations design change during construction
/
40
First steps
• Reading Elevated Railway:
• Approx. 15,000 tCO2 eq reduction achieved through a Value
Improvement Process, challenging the outline design with the
primary aim to cut construction costs
- Estimated cost savings: £XX million
• The Rail Carbon Tool was used retrospectively to quantify the
carbon reduction and highlight its direct correlation with cost
reduction.
41
/
First steps
• OLE foundations AFC design change:
• Approx. 90 tCO2 eq reduction achieved by challenging the
Approved for Construction (AFC) design and converting concrete
foundations to Circular Hollow Steel (CHS) with the primary
objective to improve efficiency
- Estimated savings: £X million and approx. 6 months off the
programme
• This was driven by the engineering team in response to a
programme-wide challenge to cut costs and save time.
• The Rail Carbon Tool was used retrospectively to highlight the
carbon reduction of such initiative and show its direct correlation
with cost reduction and increased efficiency.
• This initiative was entered into the Green Apple Award and will
receive Gold, Silver or Bronze at the upcoming ceremony.
42
/
First steps
• Broadtown Link Road:
• 67000t of aggregates were imported using rail freight. This
resulted in a carbon saving of 285tCO2 eq when compared to
typical road haulage
- Estimated cost saving of approx. £X00,000
• This initiative was driven by cost and made possible by the
presence of railway sidings 1 mile away from site.
• The Rail Carbon Tool was used to quantify the carbon reduction
and highlight its direct correlation with cost reduction.
• This initiative was entered into the Green Apple Award and will
receive Gold, Silver or Bronze at the upcoming ceremony.
43
/
Presentation Title: View > Header & Footer
Growing up with
the Tool
22-Sep-16 /
44
Growing up
22-Sep-16
• What does it look like?
• Pilot projects using the tool at an early design stage to
shape/inform/support decisions through Carbon
Footprinting and Opportunities Analysis
• Programme Sustainability Strategy defining Carbon
Efficiency as a Priority Action Area and setting Objectives
to measure and identify reduction opportunities through
the Suppliers’ Sustainability Delivery Plan
• Examples:
• OLE design carbon reduction opportunities (WSP-PB)
/
45
Presentation Title: View > Header & Footer
Looking forward to
a Low Carbon future
22-Sep-16 /
46
The future
22-Sep-16
What does it look like?
• Carbon Reduction Objectives:
• Integrated into Network Rail Contract Requirements
• Embedded into the rail industry as business as usual
• Enabling the delivery of Sustainability Strategies
• Influencing Design & Material specifications
• A systematic approach using the Rail Carbon Tool as a
catalyser for innovation and improvements.
/
47
Presentation Title: View > Header & Footer
Any questions?
22-Sep-16 /
48
Case studies from WSP PB projects
Mike Hardisty, WSP PB
Abigail Frost, WSP PB
49
Cutting carbon in
rail infrastructure
Case studies
September 2016
51
CASE STUDIES
 Introduction
 Scope
 Case studies
 Ordsall Chord (Northern Hub)
 East West Rail Ph.2
 GWEP
 User experience
 Lessons learned
 The future
52
WHO WE ARE, WHAT WE DO
53
THE “WHY?”
 “Take a whole life approach to resource use in our
asset management, so that… the carbon embodied in
new infrastructure is measured and reduced.”
54
SCOPE AND DATA SOURCES
55
SCOPE AND DATA SOURCES
 Collaboration
 Bill of Quantities
 Drawings
 Assumptions
 Carbon Assessment Tools
56
ORDSALL CHORD: SCOPE & TOOLS
 Case Study in PAS 2080
 Transport Scotland Tool
57
ORDSALL CHORD: REDUCTION OPPORTUNITIES
 Individual opportunities reduce carbon by 100 –
500tCO2e (c.2%)
 Considering carbon through design
Curvature of bridge
Foundations – substitute pod for piled foundations
 Considering carbon through materials specification
 changing concrete from 0% - 30% PFA
 changing from concrete to recycled plastic
troughing
 Review design standards
58
EAST WEST RAIL PH2: SCOPE & TOOLS
 BS EN 15978 / PAS 2080
 RSSB Rail Carbon Tool
59
EAST WEST RAIL PH2: REDUCTION OPPORTUNITIES
 Security (palisade) fencing (35%)
 Alternative materials
 Consolidating fencing
 Track (25%)
 Low whole life carbon alternatives (HP335)
 Reinforced concrete sleepers (18%)
 Trialling low carbon sleeper?
 Signalling (copper) power cable (5%)
 Cable troughing (5%)
 Supplier mini-competition
60
GWEP: SCOPE AND CONTEXT
 Original materials
 Replacement materials
 Construction
 100,000 tCO2e
 All electrification schemes to save 140,000 tCO2e
per year (DfT, 2013)
61
GWEP: REDUCTION OPPORTUNITIES
 Flexible design
 Thinner masts
 Foundation depths
 Foundation types
Track lowers
2%
Wires
11%
Foundations
27%
 Low-carbon concrete
 Foundations
Steel structures
60%
62
RCT: USER PERSPECTIVE
 Flexible data input
 Data sharing
 Graphical outputs
 Slow data input; no data upload
 Packages
63
LESSONS LEARNED
 Start early (before GRIP 3)
 Share findings (initial and final)
 Involve procurement
64
THE FUTURE
 Standardised scope > Benchmarks
 PAS 2080
 EPDs (Environmental Product Declarations)
 Bath ICE v3.0
 BIM Level 2
Live demonstration of the Rail
Carbon Tool
Jon Casey, Atkins
65
Rail Carbon Tool
Highlights and Live Demonstration
www.railindustrycarbon.com
Agenda
• Background
• Purpose
• Benefits
• Functionality
• Scope
• Top Tips
Background
• 2008 - 2010: Atkins developed and launched ‘Carbon
Knowledgebase’
– in-house carbon modelling tool
– developed to overcome issues of Excel based tools
• 2010 - 2014: used on various rail projects
• RSSB assessed carbon tools for UK rail industry
• RSSB purchased user licence for Carbon Knowledgebase
software
• Atkins created and host Rail Carbon Tool, using Knowledgebase
software
Purpose
• Provide an accessible, easy to use, central and consistent tool
for carbon footprint calculation and analysis to facilitate
development of low carbon railways
– Free to use
– Web based; enables collective remote collaboration
– Intuitive, highly functional format
– Fully transparent and flexible
– Directly uses engineering and operational data
– Informative outputs
– Enables identification on low carbon options
– Enables immediate and direct knowledge sharing
Direct Benefits
• Clear, quick, informative results – maximises carbon reduction
potential
• Project teams immediately engaged due to transparency and format
• Free use – no commercial limitations
• Accessible by all and totally secure
• Central library of carbon factor and rail data sets
• Overcomes key issues of Excel
• Proven: selected from detailed assessment of >60 other carbon tools
Project and Sustainability Benefits
• Extensive project wide / sustainability benefits as
solutions to carbon reduction, e.g.
– Less materials use
– Waste reduction
– More collaborative working
– Lower maintenance
– Less lineside neighbour disturbance
– Etc.
Key Functionality
• Calculation: clear, project specific calculation of carbon
footprints, at all levels
• Analysis: comparison of multiple options, at all levels
– direct data analysis
– graphing
• Evaluation / selection of low carbon options:
– highlighting carbon hot spots
– identifying performance differences between options
– driving low carbon innovation
Additional Functionality
• Inclusion of meta data to extend analysis
– User defined
– Includes cost option
• Direct consideration of project data
– Materials quantities
– Transportation distances
– Energy use
– Etc.
Outputs
• On-screen data and graphs for low carbon
innovation
• Reporting
– PDF outputs for auditing / formal reporting
– Publish performance improvement, e.g.
CEEQUAL evidence
• Spreadsheet outputs
– Off-line data analysis
Scope: all GRIP stages and PAS 2080
Top Use Tips
• Have a strategy and plan for the tools use
• Select suitable individuals for separate awareness and
competency training
• Plan carbon model first and keep it relevant and simple
• Ensure good technical review of initial inputs to enhance
the learning process and outputs
• Use existing project processes for low carbon innovation
• Change thinking patterns
– Infrastructure Carbon Review
– PAS 2080 Guidance
Top Use Tips – PAS 2080
User Feedback
Camden Town Capacity Upgrade
“The Rail Carbon Tool has allowed TfL
to fully integrate carbon footprint
reduction into the project. This is a
first within major station upgrades of
specifying carbon reduction as a
tendering requirement.”
James Dempsey, Project Manager
Thank you
Jon Casey
[email protected]
© Atkins Limited except where stated otherwise.
The Atkins logo and ‘Carbon Critical Design’ are trademarks of Atkins Limited.
Demonstration
80
Looking at the next steps
Michelle Papayannakos, RSSB
81
Thank you
Opportunity for discussion, trial of the tool and networking over light refreshments