How did the
various nations of
Africa gain
independence?
Do Now:How did
Gandhi help India
gain independence?
1
Africa before WWII
● Most
African nations were colonies
of European nations.
●
This is an example of what “ism”?
African Independence Movements
Africa after WWII
● Many
African nations
sought independence
after WWII.
African Independence Movements
Kwame Nkrumah
• Gained independence for
Ghana
•Educated abroad.
• Schoolteacher.
• Preached nonviolence.
• Used boycotts and
strikes.
• Ultimately successful
1957.
African Independence Movements
Independent Activity
● Complete the reading “Routes to
Freedom”.
African Independence Movements
Kenyan Independence: 1963
• London educated Jomo Kenyatta provided
strong nationalist leadership.
• Mau Mau Rebellions made up of Kikuyu
farmers weaken British settlers opposition.
African Independence Movements
Nkrumah and Kenyatta Summary
●
●
What was the major difference between these two
leaders?
Which leader was more like Gandhi? Why?
African Independence Movements
How did Nelson Mandela help to end Apartheid
in South Africa?
• Activity: as we examine the
following picture, write downs
all of the things you notice
(see). What do you think
these pictures mean (or tell us
about South Africa)?
African Independence Movements
African Independence Movements
African Independence Movements
African Independence Movements
Apartheid
• Segregation
within South
Africa
• Black and white
citizens under a
white
government
African Independence Movements
Nelson Mandela
• Becomes president of
South Africa
• Member of the African
National Congress (ANC)
• 1996 adopted a
constitution and a
multi-racial state was
created
African Independence Movements
Independent Activity
●
Complete the reading “South Africa”.
African Independence Movements
Summary
How was Nelson Mandela like Gandhi?
● How was Nelson Mandela like
Nkrumah?
●
●
Homework: handout “Africa Today”.
African Independence Movements