UNIT 1 Test Use the maps, diagrams, passages and images to help you answer each set of questions. Please choose the best answer to complete each question. Write all answers on your answer document. Question Set 1: Examine the following maps to help you answer the questions about colonial regions. (Questions 1­5) 1. What did the New England Colonies have in common? a. long, hot summers and mild winters b. broad rivers, swamps and rivers c. coastal plains with rich, fertile soil d. harsh winters and rocky, hilly soil 2. The people who settled in the Middle Colonies represented a. many countries, cultures and religions b. debtors from England c. pilgrims and Puritans d. Africans escaping slavery 3. What feature made the southern colonies unique? a. shipbuilding centers b. large plantations c. town meetings d. Quaker communities 4. Circle the colonial region(s) that had slavery in the 17th century (1600s): New England Middle Southern 5. Of the 3 colonial regions listed above, which region experienced a rapid growth of slaves during the 1600s and 1700s? Why would this colonial region have more slaves than the other colonial regions? (2 points) Question Set 2: Use the descriptions provided to help you answer the questions in this set. (Questions 6­11) 6. Read the following characteristics of a particular English colony to answer the following question: ● Founded by Pilgrims and Puritans (leaders: William Bradford and John Winthrop) ● Settlers were seeking religious freedom ● The climate involves harsh winters and warm summers ● The people are self­governing with a strong religious influence Which colony is being described in the list above? a. Connecticut b. Massachusetts c. New Hampshire d. Rhode Island 7. The colony described in question 6 was founded to be a a. model of a perfect colony with a democratic government. b. safety refuge for debtors and poor people. c. money­making business venture. d. safe place for all people to worship. 8. Read the following characteristics of a particular English colony to answer the following question: ● Founded by William Penn and the Quakers ● The settlers were Quakers and other English citizens seeking religious freedom­­a very diverse group ● The climate involves cold winters and hot, humid summers ● The settlers are farmers, merchants, tradesmen, lumberjacks, and ship builders Which colony is being described in the list above? a. Delaware b. New York c. New Jersey d. Pennsylvania 9. The colony described in question 8 was founded to be a a. community based on the bible. b. refuge for debtors and poor people. c. moneymaking business venture. d. safe place for Quakers to worship. 10. Read the following characteristics of a particular English colony to answer the following question: ● Founded by King George II and James Oglethorpe ● The settlers were debtors from English prisons sent to work to pay off their debt ● The climate consists of short winters and long, hot summers ● Due to the long growing season and fertile soil, the settlers rely heavily on farming Which colony is being described in the list above? a. Georgia b. Maryland c. South Carolina d. Virginia 11. The colony described in question 10 was founded to be a a. community based on the bible. b. safe refuge for debtors and poor people. c. moneymaking business venture. d. a safe place for Jews to worship. Question Set 3: Use your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions. (Questions 12­) 12. The Mayflower Compact in Massachusetts, the Fundamental Orders in Connecticut and the fact that the colonists held town meetings all showed the determination of the colonists to a. build societies based on religious freedom b. stop indentured servants from coming to America c. govern themselves and solve their own problems d. solve conflicts with the Native Americans peacefully 13. Which generalization ​best sums up the founding of the 13 English Colonies? e. The English colonies were founded by religious groups looking for religious freedom. f. The English colonies were founded by business people who planned to make money by settling in the new world. g. The English colonies were founded by poor people looking for a better life in the new world. h. The English colonies were founded by people with many different goals ranging from making money, to finding religious freedom, to making a better life for themselves. Question Set 4: Use the following reading passage about Jamestown, Virginia to help you answer the questions in this set. (Questions 14­18) Jamestown Colony 1 ​Despite the failure of the Lost Colony at Roanoke, King James I was eager to start a permanent English settlement in North America. He granted charters to a pair of English companies to establish those settlements. While one of the two companies was unsuccessful in establishing a colony in present­day Maine, the other, known as the London Company, led by captain Christopher Newport, sailed to Virginia and established a settlement on a swampy peninsula on the James River. 2 ​ While the chosen location certainly provided good cover from the potential ambushes of local Indians, its swampy climate led to horrible diseases such as Dysentery and Malaria. Jamestown further suffered from poor and corrupt leadership and a population of men that were unfit for life in the wilderness. Many were there for the opportunity to make a lot of money and refused to participate in building shelters or collecting food. Settlers constantly bickered with each other and found relatively little in the way of natural resources or wonders to send back to England. 3 ​Because Jamestown was built on traditional hunting grounds of the Algonkin Indians, trouble arose soon after their arrival. By the winter of 1607, only 38 out of the original 104 settlers were still alive. Food shortages were making unbearable situations even worse. Jamestown was on the brink of collapse until JOHN SMITH formulated plans to procure Indian corn and other foods via trade. Smith's first excursions were extremely successful, and he returned to the beleaguered colony with large quantities of corn and beans. On one of his excursions, however, he was ambushed by Indians and taken to the great king Powhatan. Smith used his charm and persuasion to convince Powhatan that the settlers were peaceful and did not intend to build a permanent settlement at Jamestown. Smith was subsequently returned to Jamestown and gained influence among the colonists. 4 ​In winter of 1608, Jamestown remained a desperate settlement with serious leadership problems and a food shortage. John Smith became hated by much of the so­called leadership. Despite at least one attempt on his life, Smith was named president of the Jamestown Council because of his previous experience and because he was one of the few colonists who knew what it took to survive at Jamestown. 5 ​For the next year, Smith managed the colony about as well as it could be managed. He forced all colonists to work and contribute to the colony as a whole. He imposed badly­needed discipline and even staged shooting contests and drills to scare local Indians who were surely spying on them. Besides managing Jamestown, John Smith procured food from local Indians for European trinkets and goods. Despite Powhatan's demand for guns, John Smith refused to trade them, and often burned villages and stole food when Indians would not trade. Smith's power terrified the Indians, who came to think of him as virtually indestructible. Powhatan rightfully saw him as the life­force of Jamestown and sent his warriors on countless missions to kill him. While John Smith escaped death many times with firepower, Powhatan's daughter, the princess Pocahontas, took a special liking to him, and informed him in advance when her father would send warriors after him. 14. What does the word ‘procured’ mean in the following sentence: “Besides managing Jamestown, John Smith procured food from local Indians for European trinkets and goods.” a. stole b. obtained c. grew d. threatened 15. How did John Smith gain ‘influence’ among settlers? a. He threatened the settlers. b. His persuasiveness with Powhatan likely saved the colony from attack. c. They saw that he had excellent leadership qualities. d. He was easy on the settlers and was understanding of their laziness. 16. Which of the following was ​NOT ​a problem the settlers encountered at Jamestown? a. Disease b. Bad leadership c. Food shortages d. Freezing cold weather 17. What can you INFER about why Powhatan wanted to kill John Smith? a. John Smith was disrespectful to his people. b. He believed killing John Smith would result in the eventual death of the colony. c. He hated that his daughter took a special liking to him d. Powhatan wanted to control the Jamestown Colony. 18. What question is answered in the fourth paragraph? a. Why was John Smith named president to the Jamestown Council? b. Who tried to kill John Smith? c. On what date was John Smith named President of the Jamestown Council? d. Who else was considered for President of the Jamestown Council? Question Set 5: Determine support for the following claim. (Questions 19) According to the ​Mayflower Compact, it is argued that the Pilgrims who traveled to Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1619, were seeking religious freedom. 19. Which excerpt from the ​Mayflower Compact supports this claim? a. “...in the presence of God and one another…” b. ...Having undertaken for the Glory of God, and Advancement of the Christian Faith, we are here... c. ...by the Grace of God… d. ...unto which we promise all due Submission and Obedience... Match the following Word Wall Words with their definitions. 1. colony
A.​ ​the exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and people across the Atlantic Ocean between Europe and the Americas 2. Columbian Exchange
B.​ ​an all­water route through North America connecting the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean 3. conquistador
C.​ ​a person who travels to a territory or community in order to make converts to his or her religion 4. missionary
D.​ ​a new settlement or territory established and governed by a country in another land 5. Mayflower Compact
E.​ ​an agreement that Pilgrims wrote and signed describing how they would govern themselves in the Americas 6. Northwest Passage
F.​ ​Spanish soldier­explorers, especially those who conquered the native peoples of Mexico and Peru