ZEP
Technology Platform
Zero Emission Fossil Fuel Power Plants
Overview of European Technology Platform
Zero Emission Power Plants ZEP
- Aims and Vision
Professor Dr.-Ing. Dr. h.c. Kurt Häge
Chairman of the European Technology Platform ZEP
International G8-Expert Workshop on Clean Coal Technologies,
Leipzig, 6th March 2007
Challenge of Climate Change
(Source: 4th Assessment Report of IPCC, WG1, Feb. 2007)
The 2nd half of the 20th century was the warmest period of the last 500 years.
The average sea level rise of the 20th century was 17 cm.
A Global solution with long term commitments is needed. ZEP takes an active role to
accelerate governments and global institutions towards practical solutions.
WG1: The Physical Science Basis
WG2: Impacts, Adaptation and
Vulnerability
WG3: Mitigation of Climate
Change
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Future Role of Fossil Fuels
• Fossil fuels - global use will increase during the next decades
• The CLEAN COAL concept fits in the context of climate
protection as well as security of supply
• The Technology platform ZEP wants to give a major thrust to the
development of the CO2-free power plant.
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Strategy on Climate Change
ZEP Strategy: • Renewable energy sources
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Increased efficiency in generation and utilisation
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Options for the future: CO2 capture and storage
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Active partner in the international climate dialogue
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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ZEP Set-up and Vision
The Vision: To enable European fossil fuel power plants to have zero
emission of CO2 by 2020.
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Primary task to set strategic research agenda (SRA) and deployment
document (SDD) as major input to EC FP7 (2007 - 2013)
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Advisory Council formed in June 2005
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6 Generators: E.ON, Endesa, Enel, Energi E2, RWE, Vattenfall
6 Equipment suppliers: Ansaldo, ALSTOM, Air Liquide, Foster Wheeler,
Mitsui Babcock, Siemens
5 Oil and Gas: BP, Shell, Statoil, Total, Schlumberger
5 Research: BGS, CIRCE, IFP, Polish CMI, GEUS
3 NGOs: Bellona, Climate Action Network Europe, WWF
Chair: Kurt Haege/Vattenfall Vice-Chairs: Olivier Appert/IFP, Gardiner Hill/BP,
Charles Soothill/ALSTOM
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Formally launched 1Dec05
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First General Assembly 12-13Dec06
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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European Technology Platform ZEP:
Zero Emission Fossil Fuel Power Plants
Organisational structure
Mirror Group
of Member States
Advisory Council
Coordination Group
Plants &
CO2 Capture
CO2 Use &
Storage
Infrastructure &
Environment
Secretariat
Market,
Regulation & Policy
Communication &
Public Acceptance
Strategic Research Agenda (SRA)
Strategic Deployment Strategy (SDD)
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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ZEP Action : Key Outputs and Timing
• Launch event 12.2005
Active future role:
• Vision paper 05.2006
• Support project development (e.g. JTIs)
• Brochure 08.2006
• Support dialogue about developing
roadmap
• Working reports 09.2006
• Mobilise exploratory research
• SRA and SDD 09.2006
• www.zero-emissionplatform.eu
• Support international cooperation
(projects, workshops, exchange programs)
• 1st General assembly
12./13.09.2006, Brussels
• Assess technology and project areas
• Task forces to implement
SRA/SDD recommendations
01.2007
• 2nd General assembly
2./3.10.2007, Paris
• Define and promote regulatory
requirements and commercial incentives
• Define and execute communication
strategy
• Find financial sources (industry, EU,
national)
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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SRA Recommendations
The Strategic Research Agenda describes a collaborative programme of
technology development for reducing the costs and risks of deployment
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Urgently implementing 10-12 integrated, large-scale CCS
demonstration projects Europe-wide
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Developing new concepts already identified, but not validated, for
demonstration by 2010-2015 and implementation beyond 2020
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Supporting long-term exploratory research into advanced,
innovative concepts for implementation of next-generation
technology by 2050
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Maximising cooperation at national, European and international
level
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Strengthening and accelerating R&D priorities to support the
Strategic Depolyment Document, informed by experience from
demonstration projects and parallel R&D projects.
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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SDD Recommendations
The Strategic Deployment Document outlines how to accelerate the market
for efficient zero emission power production.
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Kick-starting the CO2 value chain with urgent short- and longterm commercial incentive
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Establishing a regulatory framework for the geological storage of
CO2
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Gaining public support via a comprehensive public information
campaign:
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Establishing robust RD&D funding under the FP7 and national
programmes:
- Improve energy conversion efficiency, reduce cost and reduce scale-up risk of CO2
capture technology
- Undertake EU-wide mapping of large CO2 sources and geological storage
- By 2008, establish a “Joint Technology Initiative” as part of a portfolio of mechanisms for
maximising European co-operation.
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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A Three Phase Argumentation
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Reducing emissions and increasing efficiency in ecologically and
economically optimised steps
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Modernisation of existing plants: SO2, NOx, dust, retrofit
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Construction of new state-of-the-art power plants
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Development of high-efficiency power stations with the aim to
minimise consumption of resources and reduce specific emissions,
particularly those of CO2
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New Technologies for CO2 capture and storage
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Current Efforts to Increase Power Plant
Efficiency
percentage points
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COMTES 700: material and component test
for 700 °C technology (joint project of VGB,
generators, equipment suppliers and EU)
Fluidised-bed drying process for lignite
(RWE Power)
CCGT-Project Irsching to increase net
efficiency up to 60 % (Siemens, E.ON)
Efficiency improvements by replacement of
existing steam turbines by new turbines with
3D-designed blades (retrofitting)
Further increasing of net efficiency of PCboilers by development of materials for live
steam parameters of 750 °C and more
(COORETEC, BMWi)
Objectives:
+4%
(compared to 600/620 °C,
275 bar live steam)
+4%
(43 → 47 % - net)
+ 1,5-2 %
( 58 → 60 % - net)
Depending on individual case
+5%
(→ 55% - net)
Efficiencies of more than 50 % for steam power plants
and above 60 % for gas turbine plants
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Main Technology Options for CO2
Capture from Power Plants
Three technologies
seem capable to fulfil
the primary target
to 2020
• All largely contain
known technology
and components
• All need optimization,
scale up and process
integration
• Power process
efficiency increase is
always a supporting
activity
Post-combustion CO2 capture (steam power plants)
Conventional power plant
1,000 m3/s, 13 vol-% CO2
with CO2 scrubber
Coal
Air
Convent.
steam PP
Flue gas
cleaning
CO2
capture
CO2
Oxy-fuel process
Coal
O2
Flue gas
cleaning
Boiler
Condensation
CO2
CO2 / H2O
Pre-combustion CO2 capture (IGCC power plants)
IGCC process
Coal
O2
Gasification
Gas cleaning
CO shift
CO2
capture
10 m3/s, 45 vol-% CO2
CCGT
with H2 turbine
CO2
Development demand
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Pilot and Demo Projects
Post-Combustion
Shell/Statoil, NO, 860 MW,
NG-CC, EOR (Draugen,
Heidrun), 2010
RWE, coal, retrofit,
Tilbury/UK, 2016
Pre-Combustion
BP/S&SE/GE, UK, 350 MW,
NG-CC, EOR (Miller), 2010
RWE, D, 450 MW, coal,
IGCC, 2014
E.ON/UK, Killingholme,
450 MW, 2011
GE, PL, 900 MW, coal,
IGCC, 2011
FutureGen Alliance, USA,
275 MW, coal, IGCC
Oxy-fuel
- Vattenfall, Schwarze Pumpe/D, 30 MWth, coal, 2008
- Total, Lacq/F, 30 MW, liquid fuel, retrofit, 2008
- Saskpower, B&W, AirLiquide, 300 MW coal
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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The Vattenfall Project of a CO2-free
Oxyfuel Pilot Plant
(Source: Vattenfall)
Power Plant Schwarze Pumpe
Schwarze Pumpe Power Plant
Thermal Capacity:
Thermal
Capacity:
Coal Demand:
Coal Demand:
Oxygen Demand:
Oxygen Demand:
CO2
(liq.) Production:
CO
2 (liq.) Production:
Commissioning:
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
30 MW
305,2
MWt/h
5,2 t/h
10 t/h
10 t/h
9 9t/ht/h
2008
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The CO2-free Power Plant – Pilot Plant
in Operation by 2008
(Source: Vattenfall)
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Advantages of Oxyfuel Technology
(Source: Vattenfall)
• Power plant process with high
efficiency potential
• High CO2-separation potential
• Comparable to conventional
steam power plant process
• Investment and operation cost
good assessable based on
conventional power plant
technology
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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The RWE Project of a Zero-CO2 450 MW
Power Plant with CO2 Storage (IGCC-CCS)
(Source: RWE)
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Basic technology: IGCC
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El. capacity:
450 MWgross/360 MWnet
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Net efficiency:
40%
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CO2 storage:
2.3 mill. t/a in depleted gas reservoir or saline aquifer
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Commissioning:
2014
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RWE budget:
approx. € 1 billion
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Advantages of IGCC Technology
(Source: RWE)
• Fuel and product flexibility
• Only technology that can already be implemented on a large scale
today
• Components tested in large scale, own RWE know-how
• Power plant process with highest efficiency potential, efficient
operation also without CO2 capture
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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The Statoil and Shell Industrial
Realisation Project at
Tjeldbergodden
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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The BP Peterhead Project ‚Hydrogen Production and Enhanced Oil Recovery‘
Microsoft Excel.lnk
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Four Key Taskforces (1)
TECHNOLOGY
DEMONSTRATION & IMPLEMENTATION
1.
1.
Organise R&D
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2.
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Specify 10-12 demo projects (technology,
location, contractors, financing)
Initiate PPPs
Establish cooperation between industrial
partners
Initiate projects in eastern & southern
Europe, India and China
Secure public funding
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3.
Map R&D needs and identify
gaps and priorities
Provide input for FP7 update
Improve coordination between
national programmes and FP7
Maintain ZEP papers through
technology assessment
Organise and finance demonstration
projects
Map need of additional funding
for R&D
Via public bodies and PPPs
Network and disseminate
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Organise technical days at
networking researchers and
industry
2.
Disseminate the knowledge
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3.
Organise events and communicate best
practise
Map regulatory problems
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Develop framework for risk analysis
Map existing legal barriers
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Four Key Taskforces (2)
POLICY & REGULATION
PUBLIC COMMUNICATION
1.
1.
2.
Close cooperation with EU to identify
regulatory issues
Develop and execute communication
strategy
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Regulatory work DG TREN, ENV, …
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Educational task
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Public funding for R&D (FP7, JTI,
EIB, …)
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Political debate/parliament
Coordinate between ZEP TFs, EC
and national governments
3.
Develop commercial incentives
4.
Ensure that CCS is introduced under
ETS
5.
Propose regulation corresponding to
GHG avoidance costs
6.
Map MS’ involvement and
disseminate best practice
2.
Push implementation of CCS in
Member States
3.
Involve NGO’s
4.
Ensure transparency and
communication of results
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Public Acceptance of CCS
(Source: ZEP – WG5)
• Less than 10 % heard of CCS.
• Before explanation only 13 % were positive, after explanation 55 % agreed.
• Public - even when they are concerned about climate change - do not
immediately accept CCS. Those that were positive in general terms were
neutral to negative about storage in their neighbourhood..
• Although the public worries about climate change it will accept only minimal
energy price increases.
An early information campaign is necessary to get public support for
the large scale implementation of CCS.
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Expected Support of EC/Politics (1)
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Clear commitment to coal as important part of the future energy mix
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Clear commitment to CCS as instrument for CO2 mitigation to stop
climate change
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Support of efficiency increase to minimise consumption of resources and
as pre-requisite of ZEP
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Create legal framework for geological storage of CO2:
amendment of EU waste and water framework directive and
amendment of national mining law
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Expected Support of EC/Politics (2)
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Support and active cooperation in public relations to get the acceptance
for ZEP
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Sufficient financial support of the ZEP recommendations within SRA and
SDD to allow for the necessary R&D and to set out for 10 - 12 demo
projects
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No preference for renewable energies within the European FP7
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Close collaboration in ETP-ZEP and in continuation of German
COORETEC initiative
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Summary
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Coal will remain its worldwide importance for electricity generation.
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Coal has to be used even more efficient and environmental friendly.
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Precondition is the large scale test of efficiency increasing technologies like integrated
coal drying and raised steam parameters as well as CO2 capture and storage.
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The necessary time-frame is about 10 to 15 years. Joint development projects make it
easier to be successful.
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CO2 capture and storage is a promising option to secure the future of power generation
based on fossil fuels. It doesn’t reduce, however, the necessity of CO2 avoidance
through further efficiency increases
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The technical feasibility of ZEP technologies is beyond dispute.
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The economic efficiency will depend on the polital frame-conditions.
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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Thank you for your attention
www.zero-emissionplatform.eu
Prof. Kurt Haege, Leipzig, 6th March 2007
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