15.4
Why had American’s lost faith in
Truman’s Cold War
Strategy/Policies?
USSR had the Atomic Bomb
 USSR expanded throughout Eastern
Europe
 China was Communist
 The Korean War
 Spies in U.S. Government

What were Eisenhower’s keys to
Cold War Victory
Stronger Military
 Strong, Free Enterprise Economy

What was Massive Retaliation?

Threatening to fight back with Nuclear
Missiles
How and why did Eisenhower cut
military spending?
Increased the amount of nuclear
missiles in the country drastically
 Replacing military personal with
weapons

What was Brinkmanship?

The willingness to go to the brink of war
in order to force the other side to back
down.
How did Eisenhower help end the
Korean War?

He told the Chinese if North Korea and
China does not back down he will use
any means necessary. In other words,
Atomic Weapons would be used if need
be.
Why did Egypt seize control of the
Suez Canal in 1956?

To use the profits to help pay for a dam
they were building.
What were two strategies
American officials used to
prevent other nations from
aligning with the USSR?
Financial Aid – Encouraging countries to
go Capitalist by helping their economy
via trade and money.
 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) took
part in covert operations to overthrow
governments and leaders.

 i.e. Guatamala
Who emerged as the leader of
the USSR by 1956?

Nikita Khrushchev
The Space Race Begins

Sputnik was launched in 1957
 Paranoia spread throughout America and
the belief was that the USSR was
technologically superior to the U.S.
Khrushchev Said

The Sputniks prove that communism
has won the competition between
communist and capitalist countries. The
economy, science, culture and the
creative genius of people in all areas of
life develop better and faster under
communism.’
A Failed Peace
Following Stalin’s death relations
improved between the two nations.
 Both hoped for arms reductions to cut
defence spending
 USSR proposed:

 reduction of armed forces
 Eventual abolition of atomic weapons
 International inspections to supervise this
What was the impact of the
American U-2 Spy Plane that was
shot down?
Trust was broken permanently
 Made America look bad
 Khrushchev broke off talks for the Paris
summit of 1960.

 Eisenhower refused to apologize for the
incident

Disarmament was never reached