ICC 1992-1997
ICC 1992-1997
Generalitat de Catalunya
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya
INTERNATIONAL
PROJECTS
basic cartography
derived cartography
geodesy
geographical information systems
geology
geophysics
geotechnics
naturals hazards
photogrammetric flights
photogrammetry
remote sensing
thematic cartography
cartografía básica
cartografía derivada
cartografía temática
fotogrametría
geodesia
geofísica
geología
geotecnia
riesgos naturales
sistemas de información geográfica
teledetección
vuelos fotogramétricos
PROYECTOS
INTERNACIONALES
Generalitat de Catalunya
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya
The structural changes of the last years have exert
a great impact on the political and social situation
of the world.
The international panorama shows differences
in the economic cycles of the main industrial
powers: the economic activity goes on at a good
pace in the United States of America, with a
sustained growth and a stable inflation; Japan is
recovering from a phase of stagnation which started
in the middle of 1992, that has represented the
worst moment in its economic cycle, and finally
regarding the European Union predominates an
atmosphere of stagnation with low growth rates.
But in spite of the diversity of this situation, the
common denominator of all these world powers is
the inter-relationship established between the
different countries at the interchange level as well as
collaborations.
Catalonia, as an European country, participates in
this interrelationship and, the Institut Cartogràfic
de Catalunya (ICC), as a public sector company of
the Generalitat de Catalunya (the Catalan
Government), tries to contribute from its ambit,
without forgetting that its first objective is to
produce its own country mapping.
The cartography at the end of the 20th century, helps
us to cross frontiers, not only the political ones, but
also the geographical, technological, cultural and
other ones. The most evident break through in the
cartographic world has been the technological one
(creation of earth observation systems from space,
creation of advanced systems of graphic and
alphanumeric calculus, interdisciplinary integration
of the cartographic, metric and geographic sciences
and techniques, etc.). This break through would not
have been possible without the exchange of
knowledge between countries developed in this
matter.
A second approach to the inter-relationship
between the countries, at a cartographic level,
is collaboration. Promoting cartographic
production in countries where technology is at an
initial stage, is an important aim to accomplish.
This will soon permit the availability of a right
mapping representation of our surrounding world.
Communication and cooperation, and the openness
of the human frontiers, constitute a valuable asset
from which all of us stand to gain.
Barcelona, December 1997
Jaume Miranda i Canals
Director of the Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya
YEAR 1992
1992-1993
Seismic instrumentation techniques
applied to volcanology. Experimentation
in Antarctica
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Museo Nacional de
Ciencias Naturales of the Consejo Superior de
Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain;
Instituto Andaluz de Geofísica y Prevención de
Desastres Sísmicos, Granada, Spain.
1992
Mapping of the sources of the River
Orinoco 1:100 000
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Servicio Autónomo de
Geografía y Cartografía Nacional (SAGECAN),
Caracas, Venezuela; Committee of the Remote
Sensing Applications of the Cartography Commission of the Instituto Panamericano de Geografía
e Historia, Quito, Ecuador; Instituto Geográfico
Nacional (IGN), Madrid, Spain.
The aim of this project was to develop seismic instrumentation and to apply it to the recording of
seismic activity associated with volcanism on the
island of Decepcion.
The project consisted in producing an orthoimage
at 1:100 000 scale of an area of the Sierra de Parima,
on the border between Venezuela and Brazil, where
the sources of the River Orinoco are found. The
document used as a starting-point was an image provided by the Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor on
board of Landsat-5 satellite. The search for control
points with the aim to orientate this image was carried
out as part of the general tasks to extend the geodesic network of Venezuela to the borders of the
country. Once the image had been orientated, it was
geometrically and radiometrically corrected before
being printed.
Financing: Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia
(Programme: Antártico), Madrid, Spain.
Financing: Servicio Autónomo de Geografía y
Cartografía Nacional (SAGECAN), Ministerio del
Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales Renovables,
Caracas, Venezuela.
1992-1994
Implementation of methods
for the calculation of earthquakes strong
motion. Application to the Ashigara Valley
experiment (Japan)
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne & Tectonophysique of the Université de Grenoble, France.
1992
EPOCH’92
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
International GPS Service for Geodynamics (IGS)
of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG).
Participation of the Ebre fiducial station in the
IGS-Epoch’92 campaign. The fiducial stations of
the ICC were incorporated into the network of
permanent stations of the IGS.
The aim was to adapt and develop programs for
the analysis of local effects on the earthquake ground
motion. Application to soil response in the Ashigara
Valley international experiment in Japan.
Financing: Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC).
Financing: Departament de Política Territorial i
Obres Públiques (DPTOP) of the Generalitat de
Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Laboratoire de
Géophysique Interne & Tectonophysique of the
Université de Grenoble; Centre Interdepartamental
de Recerca i Innovació Tecnològica (CIRIT),
Barcelona, Spain.
1992
Fairfield - Aerial triangulation with GPS
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
TopScan company, Stuttgart, Germany.
Project to demonstrate the use of the kinematic
techniques of the GPS (Global Positioning System)
to provide aerial control points for the orientation
of sensors in the Fairfield block (California).
Financing: TopScan.
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1992-1995
Atlas of the Euroregion
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Institut National de la
Statistique et des Études Économiques (INSEE)
de Languedoc-Roussillon, Montpellier, France;
Institut National de la Statistique et des Études
Économiques (INSEE) de Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France; Groupement d’Intérêt Public Reclus
(GIP-Reclus), Montpellier, France; Institut
d’Estadística de Catalunya (IEC), Barcelona, Spain;
Direcció General de Planificació i Acció Territorial
(DGPAT) of the Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
Marseille, France; Imperial College, London,
United Kingdom; Observatoire Royal de Belgique,
Brussels, Belgium; National Kapodistrian University
of Athens, Greece; Centre Seismologique EuroMediterranéen, Strasbourg, France; Instituto
Nacional de Meteorologia e Geofisica, Lisbon,
Portugal.
This project was intended to review some historical European earthquakes that principally occurred in border areas. As a result, the community
was provided with a set of data that was very useful in the analysis of seismic risk, while common
methodologies were established between European
seismologists and historians working in this field.
Production and publication of a geographic atlas
of the Euroregion –Catalonia, LanguedocRoussillon and the Midi-Pyrénées. The ICC participated in the planning of the project, the
preparation of various general and thematic maps
of the Euroregion as a whole, the writing of texts
and the final quality control. The atlas covers geopolitical, physical and socio-economic aspects, as
well as the dynamics of the three regions.
Financing: Directorate General XII for Science,
Research and Development (Programme: Climatology and Natural Hazards Research) of the European Union.
1990-1992
Determination of the parameters causing
earthquakes with recordings of the
SMART-1 network of accelographs
in Taiwan
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
University of California, Berkeley, USA.
Financing: Region Languedoc-Roussillon; European Union.
1989-1993
Research of Historical Seismicity
in Europe (RHISE)
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Istituto per la Geofisica
della Litosfera del Consiglio Nazionale delle
Ricerche (CNR), Milan, Italy; Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minières (BRGM),
The aim of this project was to develop and apply
methods of analysis of accelograms showing intense movements, in order to obtain focal parameters
of earthquakes.
Financing: Departament de Política Territorial i
Obres Públiques (DPTOP) of the Generalitat de
Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
1990-1992
Urgell test - Aerial triangulation
with GPS
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Institut für Photogrammetrie, Stuttgart, Germany; Rijkwaterstaat,
Delft, The Netherlands.
Research project to analyse the characteristic errors
of the kinematic GPS (Global Positioning System)
in an operating environment. The following stages were completed: conditioning of the aircraft
in order to install an aerial and a GPS receiver, and
planning and completion of the test photogrammetric flights; processing of the data and aerial
triangulation of the photogrammetric block; definitive evaluation of the results and presentation at
various forums.
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Financing: Undertaken jointly by the participating
institutions.
1990-1992
Agricultural statistics project
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Departament d’Agricultura, Ramaderia i Pesca
(DARP) of the Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona,
Spain.
on the visual interpretation of images from the
Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor on board of Landsat5 satellite and on field information. With a legend
of 64 categories and a minimum area of 25 ha, it was
aimed to map a study area that covered approximately one quarter of Spain, corresponding to the eastern peninsula and the Balearic Isles.
This project was completed within the framework
of an agreement with the Instituto Geográfico
Nacional of Spain.
CORINE is an experimental programme proposed by the European Commission and approved
by the European Council to catalogue, coordinate and assess information about the conditions of
the environment and natural resources within the
Community. Land Cover is one of the projects in
the programme and constitutes the base of information about the biophysical occupation of the
land. Using this data, two maps of Catalonia were
published at 1:250 000 scale with the European
(44 categories) and Spanish (64 categories) legends,
and one map was published of the east of the Iberian
peninsula at 1:500 000 scale (42 categories).
The aim of the project was to learn of the use being
made of agriculture through agricultural and land
occupation statistics about the main uses of land
throughout Catalonia. The project was completed in the following stages: field work by the investigators who interpreted the plots of ground and
drew the contours and codes on orthophotographs
at 1:5 000 scale; digitalization of the orthophotographs and integration of the data produced by
the investigation into the information system; extrapolation of the results and completion of the report;
classification of the territory on the basis of satellite images and estimation of areas by regression
of the field data and satellite data. The final result
was a list of area occupation according to the land
uses defined for the regions, provinces and the
whole of Catalonia.
Financing: Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the
European Union, Ispra, Italy; Departament d’Agricultura, Ramaderia i Pesca (DARP) of the Generalitat de Catalunya.
Financing: Directorate General XI for Environment,
Nuclear Safety and Civil Protection of the European
Union; Ministerio de Obras Públicas y Urbanismo
(MOPU), Madrid, Spain.
1990-1993
CORINE Land Cover
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Directorate General XI for Environment, Nuclear
Safety and Civil Protection of the European Union.
1990-1995
Observation and analysis of seismicity
in the Pyrenees
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France.
Production and publication of a land occupation
map in accordance with the legend of types and uses
of land of the CORINE Land Cover project, based
The aim of this project was to establish, operate
and process data from a seismic network observing
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the central-eastern Pyrenees. Data from the field
stations was sent via Meteosat satellite to the reception centres in Barcelona and Toulouse. The result
of the analysis of this data is published in the joint
annual bulletins “Seismic activity in the Pyrenees”.
map of the island at 1:100 000 scale from SPOT
images; production of an animated sequence of
two minutes and thirty seconds simulating a flight
over the island, using the orthoimage 1:100 000
and the numerical model of elevations as a source of information.
Financing: Undertaken jontly by the participating
institutions.
Financing: Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y
Tecnología, Madrid, Spain.
1991-1992
General map of the Pyrenees 1:1 000 000
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Pyrenean Work Community (Andorra, Aragon, Aquitaine, Catalonia,
Languedoc-Roussillon, Navarra, Basque Country,
Midi-Pyrénées); Institut Géographique National
(IGN), Paris, France; Instituto Geográfico Nacional
(IGN), Madrid, Spain.
1991-1994
GeoCat: Geoid of Catalonia
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Institut für Geodäsie und Photogrammetrie of the
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zurich,
Switzerland.
Research project to evaluate the determination of
the UB’91 geoid of Catalonia by contrasting the
deflections from the vertical observed during the
DEFLEX’91 and DEFLEX’92 campaigns, undertaken within the framework of an agreement with
the Departament de Matemàtica Aplicada i Anàlisi
of the Universitat de Barcelona. The project was
completed in the following stages: a first campaign
of observations with a zenithal camera to determine astronomical positions (1991); evaluation of
the observations of the campaign; a second campaign of observations (1994). A geoid of Catalonia
was obtained with a grid density of 3’ and an estimated accuracy of 1 ppm.
Publication of a General map of the Pyrenees
1:1 000 000. The ICC participated in the production of the map, with the coordination and
completion of the information concerning
Catalonia.
The map was published by the Institut Géographique National of France and the Instituto
Geográfico Nacional of Spain with the transfrontier cooperation of the Pyrenean Work Community.
Financing: Pyrenean Work Community.
1991-1993
Orthoimage of the island of Livingston
1:100 000
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Departament de Geomorfologia of the Facultat de
Geologia of the Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
Financing: Undertaken jointly by the participating
institutions.
Production of an orthoimage of the island of Livingston, where the Spanish base in Antarctica is
situated. Project stages: production of an image
from Thematic Mapper (TM) data provided by
the Landsat-5 satellite; analysis of the SPOT stereoscopic images taken over the island in order to
obtain the numerical model of elevations and an
orthoimage; production and publication of the
1991-1995
Seismicity study methods - instrumental
networks
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne & Tectonophysique of the Université de Grenoble, France.
6
Installation and adaptation of machines and programs for telephonic transmission and analysis of
seismic data in Catalonia.
the work, significant results are expected during a
timespan of at least 10 years.
Financing: Departament de Política Territorial i
Obres Públiques (DPTOP) of the Generalitat de
Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Protection
et de Sûreté Nucléaire; Observatoire MidiPyrénées; GEOID; Geologie Tectonique-Environnement et Risques; Université des Sciences et
Technique du Languedoc.
Financing: Undertaken jointly by the participating
institutions.
1991-2001
PotSis: Seismic Potentiality
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Institut de Protection et
de Sûreté Nucléaire, Paris, France; Observatoire
Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France; Université Montpellier II, France; GEOID, Montpellier, France;
Geologie Tectonique-Environnement et Risques,
Montpellier, France; Université des Sciences et
Technique du Languedoc, Montpellier, France;
technique contribution of the Institut für die
Anwendung der Geodäsie in dem Bauwessen,
Stuttgart, Germany.
YEAR 1993
1993
Aerial control processes for aerial
triangulation: Gambia
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
TopScan company, Stuttgart, Germany.
A project to demonstrate the advantages represented by the use of aerial control points for aerial
triangulation of a photogrammetric block.
Adjustment was made of a photogrammetric block
of 515 photograms at 1:50 000 scale with only 22
ground control points.
Project of investigation to quantify the current distribution of tectonic deformations, in order to be
able to estimate the return periods of destructive
seisms in the eastern Pyrenees, applying geodesic
techniques to measure recent cortical movements.
This interdisciplinary project includes geodesic and
seismological studies, studies of neotectonics and
historical seismicity, etc. Project stages worthy of
mention are: design and establishment of the network (24 vertices); a first campaign of observations
(1992); calculation of the data of the first PotSis’92
campaign; a second campaign of observations
(1994); calculation of the data of the second
PotSis’94 campaign; analysis and comparison of
both periods. Due to the nature of the area and
Financing: TopScan.
1993
Methodology for the execution of plot
measurements, distances and surfaces
in relation with the requirements of the
integration system
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European
Union, Ispra, Italy.
Evaluation of the different methods in existence
for wide-scale measurement of the perimeter and
area of agricultural plots. The evaluation included
the initial investment necessary, the execution time
and the total cost. In short, the project was planned to help the authorities concerned in the various
European countries to complete the control phase
which was part of the Community Agricultural
Policy. Study was made of the approximate methods (tape measure), photogrammetric methods
7
(orthophotograph, photogrammetric stations) and
topographical approaches (theodolites, GPS –Global
Positioning System– stations).
1993
Geometric test of the ERS-1 images
over Frankfurt
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: University College London,
United Kingdom; Vienna University of Technology,
Vienna, Austria; Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für
Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Munich, Germany;
Thomson CSF, Bagneux, France; Istar, Valbonne,
France.
Financing: Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the
European Union.
1993
Orthophotograph of Holland 1:5 000
in B/W
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Rijkwaterstaat, Delft, The Netherlands.
Participation in the first phase of the OEEPEGeoSAR test, which consisted in comparing geometric models for SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar)
images from the ERS-1 satellite. Each of these
models contained a set of constants characteristic
of the platform and the sensor and another set of
parameters which had to be adjusted with external information, normally pass points located on
the ground. For the comparison a same set of data
was used, consisting of an image of Frankfurt, the
elevations model of the area and some maps for
the location of pass and test points.
The aim of the project was coverage with a black
and white orthophotograph of a Dutch region at
1:5 000 scale. The starting-point for this project
was a flight at 1:5 000 scale and the digital orthophotograph generation system of the ICC was
used. To cover the study area, up to 32 images were
needed, which were used to produce a virtual
mosaic without overlaps, minimising the radiometric transitions between the components. Given
the unusual characteristics of the project, it was
necessary to develop new tools in the field of digital orthophotograph production.
Financing: Undertaken jointly by the participating
institutions.
Financing: Rijkwaterstaat; Government of The
Netherlands.
1993-1994
Completion of orthophotographic
mapping of Venezuela
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Servicio Autónomo de Geografía y Cartografía
Nacional (SAGECAN), Caracas, Venezuela.
1993
Completion of seismic reflection profiles
on the island of Reunion as part
of a project to study volcanic risk
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Laboratoire de Sismologie
Expérimentale of the Institut Physique du Globe,
Paris, France; Institut de Ciències de la Terra “Jaume
Almera” of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; École et
Observatoire de Physique du Globe (EOPG),
Strasbourg, France; Université de Pau, France;
Office pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique
d’Outremer (ORSTOM), Villefranche-sur-Saone,
France.
The aim of the project was to transfer high technology in the form of digital orthophotomap material of the ICC to the SAGECAN, and to
completing cartographic coverage with digital
orthophotomaps at 1:25 000 scale of an area of
1 000 000 ha (93 sheets) around the city of Caracas.
This project had the benefit of the information
provided by a GPS (Global Positioning System)
receiver installed on the aircraft, and this led to a
The aim of this project was to investigate the possibility of detecting the 3D heterogeneity of the
active volcano Piton de la Fournaisse through the
completion of several seismic experiments testing
different source-receiver geometries.
Financing: Directorate General XII for Science,
Research and Development (Programme: Environment) of the European Union.
8
considerable reduction in the need for field work
to support the flight. Orthocartographic coverage was effected from colour photography.
Collaboration project intended for the development and diffusion of cartography in general. The
first stage consisted in the co-edition of transfrontier cartographic coverage of the Pyrenees at
1:50 000 scale, conceived as a series of thematic
maps of interest to tourists and ramblers that aimed
to cover the southern slopes of the Pyrenees in
their entirety in 7 sheets.
Financing: Servicio Autónomo de Geografía y
Cartografía Nacional (SAGECAN), Ministerio del
Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales Renovables,
Caracas, Venezuela.
Financing: Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC);
Randonnées Pyrénéennes; economic aid Interreg
II of the European Union.
1993-1994
Study of the earthquake of the year 1373
in the central Pyrenees
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Bureau de Recherches
Geologiques et Minières (BRGM), Orleans, France;
Observatoire Royal de Belgique, Brussels, Belgium;
Departament d’Història Medieval of the Universitat
de Barcelona, Spain.
1993-1995
Exchange of matter and fluid motion in
karstic media
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Laboratoire Geofluides-Bassins-Eau of the Centre
National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS),
Montpellier, France.
The aim of this project was to compile and analyse documentary archive information about the
earthquake that occurred in the central Pyrenees
in the year 1373, its historical analysis and seismological interpretation, and contribution to the
evaluation of seismic hazard.
The aim of this project was to demonstrate the
interest of radon and natural radioactivity as characteristic parameters of water flow in a variety of
aquifers. The experimental part of the project was
developed in 11 hydrological systems; for this purpose, within the framework of the European Union
Mobility programme, the project had the benefit
of a French graduate researcher who worked at
the Servei Geològic de Catalunya.
Financing: Departament de Política Territorial i
Obres Públiques (DPTOP) of the Generalitat de
Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Bureau de Recherches
Geologiques et Minières (BRGM); Observatoire
Royal de Belgique; Universitat de Barcelona.
Financing: Directorate General XII for Science,
Research and Development (Programme: Human
Capital and Mobility) of the European Union.
1993-1995
Tourism-related mapping of the Pyrenees
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Randonnées Pyrénéennes company, Tarbes-Ibos,
France.
1993-1995
Integrated Basin Studies (IBS)
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Institut Français du Pétrole,
Rueil-Malmaison, France; Elf Aquitaine Production, France; Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands; Universitat de Barcelona, Spain;
Institut de Ciències de la Terra “Jaume Almera”
of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; École Normale
Supérieure, Paris, France; Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier,
France; École Nationale Supérieure de Géologie,
Nancy, France; Universität Tübingen, Germany;
University of Newcastle, United Kingdom;
Groupement pour l’Étude des Structures Souterraines de Stockage, Palaiseau, France; Universität
Friedericiana Karlsruhe, Germany; Norsk Hydro,
Bergen, Norway.
This project was conceived to make an integrated
study of some previously selected sedimentary
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basins in Europe and to carry out dynamic modelling. The study included basins in both expansion
and compression regimes. The sedimentary response in the tectonic regime was modelled and
the compaction and flow of fluids in the sediment
was studied.
differing geotechnical characteristics. Several campaigns applying geophysical and geotechnical methods were completed, in order to determine the
characteristics of the subsoil, and a scale model
building was build and monitored.
Financing: Directorate General XII for Science,
Research and Development (Programme: Environment) of the European Union.
Financing: Directorate General XII for Science,
Research and Development (Programme: Joule II)
of the European Union.
1993-1995
EUROSEISTEST. Volvi-Thessaloniki:
A European test site for Engineering
Seismology, Earthquake Engineering and
Seismology
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki, Greece; Laboratoire de Géophysique
Interne & Tectonophysique of the Université de
Grenoble, France; Institute of Engineering Seismology & Earthquake Engineering, Thessaloniki,
Greece; Université de Liege, Belgium; Istituto di
Geodesia & Geofisica, Trieste, Italy; National
Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Laboratorio Nacional de Engenharia Civil of the
Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisbon, Portugal; Centre
d’Études Techniques de l’Equipement, Aix-enProvence, France.
YEAR 1994
1994
SAR interferometry, ERS-1 FRINGE
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
European Space Agency (ESA), Frascati, Italy.
Participation of the ICC in the international working group on SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar)
interferometry, ERS-1 FRINGE, promoted and
organized by the ESA, where a report on the first
experiments with this technique by the ICC was
presented. The ESA provided SAR images from the
ERS-1 satellite with the aim of promoting the development of interferometric techniques applied to
the production of elevation models of the terrain.
The project also promoted the study of differential
interferometric techniques for the detection of small
movements of the terrain (of the order of cm).
The aim of this project was to study the influence of sediment on earthquake ground motion and
its effects on structures. A test site was established
at Volvi-Thessaloniki, where a series of sensors
were installed with their corresponding data adquisition systems, in order to obtain detailed information about the ground motion in areas with
Financing: European Space Agency (ESA).
10
1994
Venezuela
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Servicio Autónomo de
Geografía y Cartografía Nacional (SAGECAN),
Ministerio del Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales Renovables, Caracas, Venezuela; Fundación
de Geografía y Cartografía Militar (FUNGECAMIL), Ministerio de la Defensa, Caracas, Venezuela.
Project to demonstrate the advantages inherent in
the use of aerial control for the aerial triangulation
of a photogrammetric block, especially in areas
where the determination of ground control points
is difficult and extremely costly. The project was
conducted in the following stages: establishment of
a reference station for subsequent processing of the
aerial GPS (Global Positioning System) observations; postprocessing of the GPS data (aerial - reference station), and aerial triangulation of the block.
Adjustment of a photogrammetric block of 650
photograms at 1:60 000 scale with only 17 ground
control points.
between water, ice and rock was shown on the
island of Livingston. The potential of photogrammetry with respect to the study of glacier
dynamics was also studied. In the same way, measurements were made of the volume of ice lost by
a glacier over a two-year period when information was collected.
Financing: Undertaken jointly by the participating
institutions.
Financing: Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y
Tecnología, Madrid, Spain.
1994-1995
Comparative testing of strong ground
motion accelerographs at Veletri, Italy
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Ente Nazionale della
Energia Elettrica (ENEL), Roma, Italy; Ente per
le Nuove Tecnologie, l’Energia e l’Ambiente
(ENEA), Roma, Italy.
1994-1996
Contribution to the study of avalanche
dynamics with the aim of hazard
mapping. Training in modelisation
in the field of natural phenomena
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Centre National du
Machinisme Agricole du Génie Rural des Eaux
et des Fôrets (CEMAGREF), Grenoble, France;
Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; École Polytechnique Féderal de Lausanne, Switzerland; Institut
für Schnee und Lawinenforschung, Davos, Switzerland; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble,
France; Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, Oslo,
Norway; Vedurstofe Islands, Reykjavik, Iceland;
Universita di Torino, Italy.
The aim of this project was to carry out some comparative operational tests on different systems for
recording earthquake strong ground motions, in
particular comparing a system developed at the ICC
with other systems commercially available in Italy.
Financing: Foreign Ministries of Italy and Spain.
The aim of this project was to study the dynamics
of avalanches by means of modelling in various
pilot zones. Elaboration of methodologies for the
mapping of avalanche zones. Integration into a
geographic information system. As part of the
European Union Human Capital programme, this
project had the benefit of researchers from other
European countries who are working together
with the ICC’s avalanche and geographical information system (GIS) teams.
1994-1996
Antarctica
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Departament de Geomorfologia of the Facultat de
Geologia of the Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
For this project was to use SAR (Synthetic Aperture
Radar) images from the ERS-1 satellite over the
Antarctic region. The possibility was explored of
estimating ice thicknesses based on the application
of interferometry. Automatic extraction of thematic information was also completed. The potential of the radar images in order to discriminate
Financing: Directorate General XII for Science,
Research and Development (Programme: Human
Capital and Mobility) of the European Union.
11
1994-1998
Satellite image of Argentina at 1:50 000,
1:100 000 and 1:250 000 scales
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Instituto Geográfico Militar de Argentina, Buenos
Aires, Argentina.
satellite were used. Support of the images has taken
place in the field using GPS (Global Positioning
System) systems. The elevations model necessary
has been produced from existing cartography.
Financing: Instituto Geográfico Militar de Argentina,
Ministerio de Defensa, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
FAD loan on the framework in the General Treaty
of Friendly and Cooperation between Argentinian
Republic and Spain.
The project consists in the preparation of 717
sheets on different scales (1:50 000, 1:100 000 and
1:250 000) that cover a territory of 2 000 000 km2
based on satellite images, and the transfer of the
technology necessary to produce this cartography.
In order to complete this project, images from the
Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor on Landsat-5 and
panchromatic and multispectral sensors of the SPOT
YEAR 1995
1995
Galapagos Islands
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Instituto de Ingeniería,
Caracas, Venezuela; Instituto Panamericano de
Geografía e Historia, Quito, Ecuador; Instituto
Geográfico Militar, Quito, Ecuador; Instituto
Ecuatoriano Forestal y Áreas Naturales y Vida
Silvestre, Quito, Ecuador; Estación Científica
Charles Darwin, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador;
Instituto Nacional Oceanográfico de la Armada,
Quito, Ecuador; Instituto Geográfico Nacional
(IGN), Madrid, Spain.
The project consisted in a basic compilation of digital cartography of the Galapagos archipelago using
Landsat-TM satellite images as a fundamental element for the implementation of a geographic information system. This geographical information
system will have the benefit of all the information
available to the institutions taking part.
Financing: Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e
Historia.
1995
Work to map avalanche zones in the north
of Andorra
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Centre National du
Machinisme Agricole du Génie Rural des Eaux
et des Fôrets (CEMAGREF), Grenoble, France.
The aim of this project was to make field surveys
of known avalanches in the Arcalís area for the
mapping of avalanches in Andorra.
Financing: Conselleria d’Obres Públiques of the
Government of Andorra.
12
1995-1996
A Multidisciplinary global approach of
groundwater flows in karstic areas
and its consequences for water resources
and environment studies
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Geofluides-Bassins-Eau
of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
(CNRS), Montpellier, France; Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Aristotle University
of Thessaloniki, Greece; Laboratoire Souterrain of
the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
(CNRS), Montpellier, France; Istituto di
Geochronologia of the Consiglio Nazionale delle
Ricerche (CNR), Pisa, Italy.
in order to obtain pass and test points for the orientation of these images. The aims of the work of
the ICC are: to adapt a geometric deformation
model of the sensor, extract the terrain elevations
model through the stereoscopic capacity of the
sensor and construct an orthoimage of the area.
Financing: Undertaken jointly by the participating
institutions.
1995-1996
Land registry of Tierra del Fuego
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Informática Catastral y Medio Ambiente company,
Buenos Aires, Argentina.
The aim of this project was to research radioactivity and trace elements in experimental karstic systems in France and Catalonia and their implications
for the evaluation of resources and the environmental problems.
The aim of the project was to offer support in the
execution of the urban and rustic land survey of
the Argentinian province of Tierra del Fuego. With
respect to the rustic survey, the foundation for the
work was a mosaic of SPOT multispectral images.
These images were captured in the course of two
southern summers, but even so, the cloud cover
was very high. Once the images were confirmed
and orientated, a mosaic was made in which it was
attempted to remove the clouds, producing a continuous virtual image. To complement the land
registry, a land use interpretation of the province
was completed, to be integrated with the other
information extracted during the execution of the
project.
Financing: Directorate General XII for Science,
Research and Development (Programme: Human
Capital and Mobility) of the European Union.
1995-1996
Evaluation of the photogrammetric
capacity of the MOMS (Bolivia)
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Instituto Geográfico
Militar de Bolivia, La Paz, Bolivia; Deutsche
Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR),
Munich, Germany.
Financing: World Bank. International tender.
The MOMS sensor is an instrument that combines the capacity to capture multispectral images
with the capacity to capture stereoscopic images.
This latter facility were led to agreements with the
German DLR in order to obtain images captured
during the flight of the space shuttle over Bolivia,
and with the Instituto Geográfico Militar de Bolivia
13
1995-1996
Detection of lagoons on the plain
of Mojos (Bolivia)
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Centre d’Estudis Amazònics, Barcelona, Spain.
Financing: Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia
(Programme of Cooperation with Latin America),
Madrid, Spain.
1995-1996
Geological map of Castaño Nuevo
(Argentina)
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
AURENSA company, Madrid, Spain.
The aim of the project was to search for traces of an
unknown Pre-Columbian civilization that appears
to have been present in large numbers on the
Amazonian slopes of Bolivia. To this end, Thematic
Mapper (TM) images from the Landsat-5 satellite
were studied, which was shown the existence of a
large number of artificial lagoons still there today,
together with the remains of many others. It appears that the inhabitants obtained considerable
agricultural resources from these lagoons in an
environment which, today, is very poor.
Completation of the geological cartography of
Argentina on one sheet at 1:100 000 scale. The
first step in order to be able to produce the basic
cartography necessary was to produce an orthoimage of the study area at 1:100 000 scale from a
SPOT satellite image. Therefore, some field points
were confirmed, the parameters defining the geometry of the sensor were adjusted and the initial
image was constructed. At the same time, the necessary field work was completed. A geological synthesis at 1:100 000 scale was extracted from both
sources of data.
Financing: Centre d’Estudis Amazònics; Generalitat
de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
Financing: Subsecretaría de Minería de la Nación
of the Secretaría de Industria, Comercio y Minería
of the Government of Argentina, Buenos Aires,
Argentina.
1995-1996
Orthophotomap of the Republic
of Venezuela 1:50 000.
Caracas and surrounding area
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Servicio Autónomo de Geografía y Cartografía
Nacional (SAGECAN), Caracas, Venezuela.
The aim of the project was to produce an orthoimage of the area around the city of Caracas at
1:50 000 scale. To achieve this, sixteen colour orthophotographs at 1:25 000 scale that had been
produced for the project of the SAGECAN were
used. Once the digital images had been reduced
in scale, each of them had to be linked up with
the adjacent images in order to construct a mosaic
without visible borders.
1995-1996
Installation of a digital seismic network
to observe the seismicity of the Salta
region (Argentina)
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Universidad Nacional de
Salta, Argentina; Museo Nacional de Ciencias
Naturales of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Instituto
Andaluz de Geofísica y Prevención de Desastres
Sísmicos, Granada, Spain.
Financing: Servicio Autónomo de Geografía y
Cartografía Nacional (SAGECAN), Ministerio del
Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales Renovables,
Caracas, Venezuela.
This project consisted in the development of portable personal computer-based digital equipment
for the capture of seismic data, and putting this
into operation in Salta (Argentina). The data recorded with this digital seismic network was subsequently analyzed.
1995-1996
The Mediterranean environmental
landscape
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Institut Català de la
14
Mediterrània d’Estudis i Cooperació, Barcelona,
Spain; Estudi Ramon Folch SL, Barcelona, Spain;
MultiCriteria Consulting, Barcelona, Spain.
1995-1997
A Basic European Earthquake Catalogue
and a Database for the Evaluation of
Long-term Seismicity and Seismic Hazard
(BEECD)
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Consiglio Nazionale delle
Ricerche (CNR), Milan, Italy; Geo Forschung
Zentrum, Potsdam, Germany; Imperial College
of Science and Technology, London, United
Kingdom; Osservatorio Geofisico Sperimentale,
Trieste, Italy; National Kapodistrian University of
Athens, Greece; Schweizerisch Erdbebendienst,
Zurich, Switzerland; British Geological Survey,
Edimburg, Scotland; Istituto Sperimentale Modelli
e Strutture, Bergamo, Italy.
This study explored the environmental bases of
the socio-economic functionality of the western
Mediterranean area starting from the structure of
its ecolandscape, working on the hypothesis that
the socioecological landscape reflects both the history of human activity and the inherent potential
of the territory. It consists of a map obtained by a
mosaic of NOAA-AVHRR images of the western
Mediterranean at 1:3 500 000 scale and of satellite images and orthophotographs on larger scales,
which serve to illustrate climate and phenology,
forest combustibility, the dynamics of the landscape conditioned by man, coastal towns and marine pollution, and division into plots and agricultural
uses. There is also a technical report. The principal new feature is that satellite images are presented which offer a wide view of the condition of
the area.
The aim of this project was to begin to compile a
European seismic catalogue with homogeneous
criteria that is appropriate for the evaluation of
seismic hazard. An important part of the project
consisted in establishing rigorous methods for the
elaboration of seismic catalogues, with respect to
both historical and instrumental seismicity data.
Financing: Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona,
Spain.
Financing: Directorate General XII for Science,
Research and Development (Programme: Environment) of the European Union.
1995-1996
Topographic map of the Argentinian
Republic 1:250 000.
San Nicolás de los Arroyos
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Instituto Geográfico Militar de Argentina, Buenos
Aires, Argentina.
1995-1997
Digitalization of aerial photography
for digital data capture (France)
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Institut Géographique National (IGN), Paris,
France.
This was a pilot project completed by means of
the photointerpretation of satellite images captured by the Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor on
Landsat-5 during January and February 1994. The
contours, hypsometry and relief shading were produced with the help of the Argentinian elevation
database.
The appearance of photogrammetric systems that
work on images is giving rise to agreements to
digitalize the analogical information contained on
aerial photographs. The tool for performing this
task is the photogrammetric scanner, in the case
Financing: Instituto Geográfico Militar de Argentina,
Ministerio de Defensa, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
15
of the ICC, the Intergraph PS1 and TDSCAN
systems. This systems are capables of digitized images with differents resolutions and with a contrasted accuracy of 4 µm. Once the aerial photographs
are digitalized, it is possible to visualize them by
means of 2D or 3D photogrammetric stations, perform the same tasks as could be performed with
the analytical systems and also take advantage of
the capacity for process automation made possible
by working with digital tools, such as the automatic extraction of terrain elevation models or the
semi-automatic survey of cartographic objects, for
example.
1995-1997
RASANT
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Landesvermessungsamt Nordrhein-Westfalen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany.
Project for the development and implementation
in Catalonia of the RASANT differential correction broadcasting system for real time positioning.
The stages of the project are: study of the system
and its application to Catalonia; introduction into
Region I in an experimental phase; definitive
introduction into Region I and progressively
throughout Catalonia. The broadcast of differential corrections from Collserola with coverage over
Barcelona, with an accuracy of 3 to 5 metres was
archieved in 1996.
Financing: Institut Géographique National (IGN).
1995-1997
GEOCAL
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Oberpfaffhofen Institut für Optpelectronik of the
Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und
Raumfahrt (DLR), Munich, Germany.
Financing: Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC).
Research project whose aim is the periodic geometric in flight calibration of the MOMS-2p camera throughout the mission on which it will be on
board the PRIRODA module of the MIR orbital station. After studying the characteristics of the
sensor and the associated data provided by the
DLR, the images’ orientation model will be established, which will be validated using images from
previous missions, and a geometric in flight calibration model will be defined.
Financing: Undertaken jointly by the participating
institutions.
1995-1997
LPFICC
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Lehrstuhl für Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung, Munich, Germany.
1995-1998
ORFEAS project
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki, Greece; Institut für Geodäsie und
Photogrammetrie of the Eidgenössische Technische
Hochschule, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute of
Computer Graphics, Graz, Austria; Politecnico di
Milano, Italy.
Research project to evaluate the cartographic potential of the MOMS-type three line sensors using a
software prototype to perform image orientation
by means of point transfer and orbit determination techniques. The stages of the project are: construction of the prototype; aerial triangulation of a
block of MOMS images over Catalonia; evaluation of the cartographic potential.
Project approved within the 4th General Science
and Technology Programme of the European
Union. Its aim was to study the synergy of combining various territory evaluation techniques related with different sensors installed on satellites and
aircraft. The contribution of the ICC included the
study of how to extract the information descri-
Financing: Undertaken jointly by the participating
institutions.
16
bing the pattern of a set of SAR (Synthetic Aperture
Radar) images of ERS-1/2 pairs acting in tandem.
In this configuration, a satellite followed the same
orbit as the other with a temporal displacement of
one day. The interferometric with the stereographic techniques were combined, acting on a pair
RADARSAT images, in order to obtain the best
terrain elevations model.
Production of the first digital sheet of the Topographic map of the Republic of Venezuela. In order
to accomplish this, photointerpretation was made
of images captured by the Landsat satellite during
January and February 1994. The contours, 100 m
apart from one another, and the relief shading were
produced with the help of the Caracas elevation
database.
Financing: Directorate General XII for Science,
Research and Development (Programme: Environment and Climate) of the European Union.
Financing: Servicio Autónomo de Geografía y
Cartografía Nacional (SAGECAN), Ministerio del
Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales Renovables,
Caracas, Venezuela.
1995-2005
ResPyr
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France; Universitat de Barcelona,
Spain; Escola d’Enginyers Tècnics en Topografia of
the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona,
Spain.
1996-1997
European Alluvial Plains
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Servizio Cartografico e
Geologico of the Regione Emilia-Romagna,
Bologna, Italy; Rijks Geologische Dienst, Haarlem,
The Netherlands; Magyar Geológiai Szolgálat,
Budapest, Hungary.
Research project to study cortical movements on
both sides of the Pyrenees using space geodesy methods and techniques. The project stages for 1995
and 1997 are: first observation campaign in the eastern part of the Pyrenees (1995); first observation
campaign in the western part of the Pyrenees (1997).
The aim of this project was to produce a scientific publication in the form of a book about the
geology of alluvial plains, their formation and the
interrelation with the possible risks arising from
the arrival of Man in these plains.
Financing: Undertaken jointly by the participating
institutions.
Financing: Undertaken jointly by the participating
institutions.
YEAR 1996
1996
Gravimetric flight in the Rocky Mountains
in Canada
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Department of Geomatics Engineering of the
University of Calgary, Canada.
Participation in a test gravimetric flight over the
Rocky Mountains in Canada with the ICC’s Litton
LTN-101 inertial system, together with other inertial systems.
Financing: Undertaken jointly by the participating
institutions.
1996-1997
Urban cartography of Buenos Aires 1:500
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
CATRELSA company, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1996-1997
Topographic map of the Republic of
Venezuela 1:250 000. Caracas NC 19-8
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Servicio Autónomo de Geografía y Cartografía
Nacional (SAGECAN), Caracas, Venezuela.
The project consisted in the digital photogrammetric plotting, performed by the ICC, of 4,364
hectares of the city of Buenos Aires at 1:500 scale.
The plotting was completed on the basis of a photogrammetric flight at 1:3 500 scale.
17
Financing: Municipalidad de la Ciudad de Buenos
Aires (MCBA), Argentina.
1996-1998
Geometric calibration of the MOMS
sensor
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Munich, Germany.
1996-1997
Tropospheric delay of GPS signals
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.
The aim of this project was to adapt a geometric
and radiometric deformation model of the
MOMS02/PRIRODA sensor and to extract a
terrain elevation model by means of the stereoscopic capacities of the sensor.
Integrated initiative which aimed to exchange
knowledge and experience in the creation of models
to represent the tropospheric delay affecting GPS
signals.
Financing: Dirección General de Investigación
Científica y Técnica, Madrid, Spain.
Financing: Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica, Madrid, Spain.
1996-1998
SAME
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Centre National du
Machinisme Agricole du Génie Rural des Eaux
et des Fôrets (CEMAGREF), Grenoble, France;
Technische Universität Graz, Austria; Norwegian
Geotechnical Institute, Oslo, Norway; Icelandic
Meteorological Office, Reyhjavik, Iceland; Centro
Sperimentale Valanghe e Difesa Idrogeologica of
the Regione del Veneto, Italy; Swiss Federal
Institute for Forest, Snow and Lanscape, Davos,
Switzerland.
1996-1997
Pseudo-orthoimages of Mozambique
1:10 000
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC).
The aim of this project was to produce 6 pseudoorthoimages in black and white at 1:10 000 scale
of a small area of 16,800 hectares around a hospital in Mozambique, for the control of an exhaustive vaccination trial against malaria. The images
were created with a view to their possible use in
a geographical information system.
Financing: Fundación Hospital Clínic, Barcelona,
Spain; Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional, Madrid, Spain.
The ICC is responsible for coordination between
the various European cartographic institutions participating in this project. A questionnaire has been
drawn up in order to obtain all existing information about avalanches in Europe, so that all the
databases and cartography relating to avalanches
may then be homogenized.
Financing: Directorate General XII for Science,
Research and Development (Programme: Environment and Climate) of European Union.
1996-1998
EUROSEISMOD. Development
and experimental validation of advanced
modelisation techniques in seismology
and seismic engineering
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki, Greece; Laboratoire de Geophysique
Interne & Tectonophysique, Observatoire de
Grenoble, France; Institute of Engineering Seismology & Earthquake Engineering, Thessaloniki,
Greece; Laboratoire de Geologie de l’Ingenieur,
d’Hydrogeologie & de Prospection Geophysique,
Liege, Belgium; Centro de Geofisica da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Istituto di Geodesia &
18
YEAR 1997
1997
Orthoimage of the Republic of Venezuela
1:175 000. Caracas and surrounding area.
Cartocentro
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Servicio Autónomo de Geografía y Cartografía
Nacional (SAGECAN), Ministerio del Ambiente
y de los Recursos Naturales Renovables, Caracas,
Venezuela.
The project consisted in producing a synthetic orthoimage at 1:175 000 scale of the city of Caracas
and the surrounding area. To achieve this, Landsat
images were used which cover almost the entire
area of the orthophotographic project in colour at
1:25 000 scale.
Financing: Servicio Autónomo de Geografía y
Cartografía Nacional (SAGECAN), Ministerio del
Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales Renovables.
Geofisica, Trieste, Italy; National Kapodistria University of Athens, Greece; Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisbon, Portugal; Centre d’Etudes Techniques
de l’Equipement, Aix-en-Provence, France;
Laboratoire de Ponts & Chaussees, Nice, France;
Laboratoire de Mecanique des Sols-StructuresMateriaux, Paris, France; Universitat Politècnica
de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Aalborg University,
Denmark.
1997
Maps of the 1995 European transit census
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Pla Territorial Metropolità de Barcelona, Departament de Política Territorial i Obres Públiques
(DPTOP) de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona,
Spain.
Continuation of the EUROSEISTEST project.
Development of methods for the modelization of
ground movement and the structures produced by
earthquakes and validation of these by experiments
in the Volvi-Thessaloniki network 1D, 2D and 3D,
and linear and non-linear methods are considered,
and an assessment is made of seismic microbanding methods in urban areas and their application
to several European cities: Thessaloniki, Barcelona,
Benevento, Nice, Grenoble, Lisbon and Liege.
The aim was to complete a map of the European
transit census at 1:5 000 000 scale and ten enlargements at 1:1 500 000 and 1:2 500 000 scales of
various geographic areas of Europe. The transit
information is available on a database with information about the main communication routes, the
main population nuclei and the administrative divisions as they existed in 1995.
Financing: Directorate General XII for Science,
Research and Development (Programme: Environment and Climate) of European Union.
Financing: United Nations, Economic Commission
for Europe, Transport Division, Geneva, Switzerland.
19
1997-1998
PASMA
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Subsecretaría de Minería de la Nación of the
Secretaría de Industria, Comercio y Minería,
Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Financing: Banco Internacional de Reconstrucción
y Fomento (BIRF). World Bank.
1997-1998
Orthophotomap of the Republic
of Venezuela 1:25 000. PITSA-1
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Servicio Autónomo de Geografía y Cartografía
Nacional (SAGECAN), Ministerio del Ambiente
y de los Recursos Naturales Renovables, Caracas,
Venezuela.
The objective is the supervision of the topogeodetic work of the GPS geodetic mining subnetwork by obtaining GPS control points for the
georeferencing of satellite images and the repositioning of the mining concession boundaries in
the provinces of Salta, Catamarca, La Rioja, San
Juan, Mendoza and San Luis. The topogeodetic
work planned consists of installing various fiducial
stations which are integrated into the world-wide
IGS network, the use of the IGS network data in
order to adjust the entire geodetic network of the
Argentinian subcontinent and the calculation of
the geoid, necessary to obtain an altimetric accuracy (Z) similar to that obtained in planimetry (X
and Y). This forms part of the Technical Assistance
Project for the Argentinian Mining Sector, PASMA.
The aim of the project is to cover a total of 18
million hectares of Venezuelan territory situated
to the north of the River Orinoco (this includes
the states of Barinas, Lata, Monagas, Portuguesa,
Sucre, Yaracuy, Zulia and Guárico), and it forms
part of the Investment Plan for the Transformation
of the Agricultural Sector, PITSA. It entails the
production of a total of 1,500 sheets at 1:25 000
scale, created from a photogrammetric flight in
black and white at 1:60 000 scale. In addition to
the flight, the orthoimage production process includes geodetic support for the aerial triangulation
and georeferencing with GPS instruments; furthermore, the subsequent use of a digital model
obtained by automatic correlation of the images
enables the production of a new continuous digital image with orthographic projection. The main
aim behind the production of these georeferenced
orthoimages is that they may be used in land registry
applications by means of a geographical information system.
Financing: Inter-American Bank of Development.
International tender. World Bank.
1997-1998
Topographic map of Andorra 1:5 000
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Ministeri d’Ordenament Territorial of the
Goverment of Andorra.
20
Obtaining of a base of three-dimensional numerical cartographic material covering the 64,752
hectares of Andorran territory and a strip of 50
metres from the border into the territory of the
neighbouring states. To complement the project,
the corresponding orthophotographs on the same
scale covering the entire area of Andorra will be
produced.
Republic. More specifically, this will consist of
orthorectified panchromatic SPOT coverage in
black and white at 1:50 000 and 1:100 000 scales,
radar coverage of the whole territory at 1:250 000
scale, and orthorectified multispectral coverage in
colour of 12 sheets corresponding to the 1:50 000
series of the Dominican Republic.
Financing: SPOT Image.
Financing: Ministeri d’Ordenament Territorial of
the Government of Andorra.
1997-1998
Ecolandscape structure of the
Mediterranean Basin
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and other
participating institutions: Institut Català de la
Mediterrània d’Estudis i Cooperació, Barcelona,
Spain; Estudi Ramon Folch SL, Barcelona, Spain;
MultiCriteria Consulting, Barcelona, Spain.
1997-1998
Research with seismic refraction in the
area of Ainsa
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
Department of Geological Sciences of the University College of London, United Kingdom.
Completion of seismic profiles with a depth of
500-600 metres, in order to define the geological
evolution of the Ainsa basin (Aragon).
This study explores the environmental bases of the
socio-economic functionality of the entire
Mediterranean territory starting from the structure of its ecolandscape, working on the hypothesis that the socioecological landscape reflects both
the history of human activity and the inherent
potential of the territory. It aims to complete the
work undertaken for the Western Mediterranean
during 1995 and 1996. It will consist of one image
for the entire basin and other images to illustrate
phenomena in this geographic area.
Financing: Department of Geological Sciences of
the University College of London.
1997-1998
Orthoimages of the Dominican Republic
Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC) and the
SPOT Image, Toulouse, France.
Financing: Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC);
Institut Català de la Mediterrània d’Estudis i
Cooperació; Agencia Española de Cooperación
Internacional (AECI), Madrid, Spain.
The aim of this project is to produce various georeferenced products from SPOT and RADARSAT images of the territory of the Dominican
21
ORGANISATION OF INTERNATIONAL EVENTS
1989-1997
– Cycle of lectures on the history of cartography.
Organized by the ICC and the Departament de
Geografia of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
Barcelona, 1989-1997.
Fundación Carlos de Amberes, and subsequently by
the ICC, with the support of the Belgian and Dutch
Embassies in Madrid, the General Consulates of
Belgium and, in particular, of The Netherlands in
Barcelona. Barcelona, December 1995-February 1996.
1992
– 4th Technical Meeting of the Sociedad Española
de Cartografía, Fotogrametría y Teledetección:
“Desarrollo y aplicaciones del Sistema de Posicionamiento Global (GPS)”. Organized by the ICC.
Barcelona, June 1992.
– VIII Conference LIBER. Groupe des Cartothécaires.
Barcelona, September-October 1992.
1996
– Joint European Conference and Exhibition on
Geographical Information. Organized by the EGIS
(European Geographical Information Systems), the
AM/FM International - European Division, the
UDMS (Urban Data Management Society) and the
ICC. Barcelona, March 1996.
1997
– III Barcelona Geomatic Week. Conference on Topography, Photogrammetry, Geodesy and Cartography.
Organized by the Col·legi Oficial d’Enginyers
Tècnics en Topografia de Catalunya i Balears and
the ICC. Barcelona, April 1997.
1993
– Map Making Today. Organized by the International
Cartographic Association (ICA/ACI), the Sociedad
Española de Cartografía, Fotogrametría y Teledetección, the Moscow Institute of Engineers for
Geodesy, Aerial Surveying and Cartography, the
Academy of Sciences Program Systems Institute,
the Universitat de Barcelona and the ICC. PereslavlZalessky (Russia), April 1993.
– Congress of the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing: “Digital sensor
and systems”. Organized by the Commission I and
the WGIII/1. Trento, June 1993.
1994
– Technical Meeting of the Sociedad Española de Cartografía, Fotogrametría y Teledetección: “Experiencias
con sensores multiespectrales aerotransportados”.
Organized by the ICC. Barcelona, May 1994.
– Second Congress on Regional Geological Cartography and Information Systems. Organized by
the Servizio Cartografico e Geologico of the Regione Emilia-Romagna of Italy, the Bayerisches
Geologisches Landesamt of Germany and the ICC.
Barcelona, June 1997.
– Technical Congress on the application of the
“Norma de Construcción Sismoresistente NCSE94”
in Catalonia. Organized by the Asociación Española
de Ingeniería Sísmica, the Associació de Consultors
d’Estructures and the ICC. Barcelona, June 1997.
– Colloquium on comparative structural calculation
according to the Spanish, French and European seismic guidelines. Organized by the Asociación
Española de Ingeniería Sísmica, the Association
Française du Génie Parasismique and the ICC.
Barcelona, June 1997.
– Survey of needs, gaps and priorities on data for
Land Use and Land Cover Change Research.
Organized by the International Geosphere-Biosphere
Programme (IGBP), the International Human
Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental
Change (IHDP) and the IGBP-DIS. Barcelona,
November 1997.
1995
– II Barcelona Geomatic Week. Conference on Topography, Photogrammetry, Geodesy and Cartography.
Organized by the Col·legi Oficial d’Enginyers Tècnics en Topografia de Catalunya i Balears and the
ICC. Barcelona, April 1995.
– 17th International Cartographic Conference and 10th
General Assembly of the International Cartographic
Association (ICA/ACI). Organized by the Sociedad
Española de Cartografía, Fotogrametría y Teledetección
and the ICC. Barcelona, September 1995.
– IV Congress of the Asociación Española de Sistemas de
Información Geográfica. Barcelona, September 1995.
– Integrated sensor integration. Theory, algorithms
and systems. Organized by the International Society
for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS),
the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), the
International Federation of Geometres (FIG) and
the ICC. Barcelona, September 1995.
1995-1996
– De Mercator a Blaeu. Espanya i l’Edat d’Or de la cartografia a les Disset Províncies dels Països Baixos.
Exhibition organized in the first instance by the
22
ORGANISATION OF INTERNACIONAL PRIZES
Every two years, the ICC awards the “Jordi Viñas i Folch” prize to young researchers for a hitherto unpublished individual piece of research work in the field of Geomatics.
23
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS
1992
January. Agreement with the Institute for Remote
Sensing Applications (Joint Research Centre) of the
European Union in order to study the estimated
areas of land use in Catalonia.
November. Agreement with the European Union to
publish the Corine Land Cover Map of Catalonia.
ting to cartography, geodesy, geographic information systems, photogrammetry and remote sensing.
April. Protocol of collaboration between several
European geological services: Geological Survey of
Hungary, Geological Survey of The Netherlands,
Servei Geològic de Catalunya and the Ufficio
Geologico Regione Emilia-Romagna of Italy in
relation to the fields of geological studies applied
to European alluvial plains.
July. Agreement with the Ministeri d’Ordenament
Territorial of the Government of Andorra to carry
out the photogrammetric flight, support and aerial
triangulation for the updating of the map of Andorra
at 1:10 000 scale.
November. Agreement with the Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia, Instituto Geográfico Militar of Ecuador, the Instituto Geográfico
Nacional of Spain and the Instituto de Ingeniería
of Venezuela to produce a digital base of cartography of the Galapagos archipelago from LandsatTM and SPOT satellite images, as a basic element
for the implementation of a geographic information system.
1993
April. Agreement with the Moscow University of
Geodesy and Cartography, the Departament de
Geografia Humana of the Universitat de Barcelona
and the Institut de Programació de Sistemes to conduct seminars on cartographic problems, to organize the publication of material with periodic
editions in Russian and Catalan, to extend forms
of collaboration (exchange of specialists, training
periods, participation in conferences, etc.) and to
jointly undertake scientific work.
July. Agreement within the framework of collaboration in the field on cartographic material with the
Randonnées Pyrénéennes Association.
July. Agreement with the Randonnées Pyrénéennes
Association to complete the first sheet of trans-frontier cartographic coverage of the Pyrenees at 1:50 000
scale, conceived as a series of thematic maps aimed
at covering the southern slopes of the Pyrenees in
their entirety.
October. General framework of agreement with the
Instituto Geográfico Militar of Chile to collaborate with respect to cartographic material.
November. Agreement with the Institute for Remote
Sensing Applications (Joint Research Centre) of the
European Union for the study “Methodology for
the execution of plot measurements, distances and
surfaces in relation with the requirements of the
integration system”.
December. General framework of agreement with the
Ministerio del Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales
Renovables of the Republic of Venezuela to undertake initiatives of common interest within the limits
of the respective powers of both bodies concerned.
December. Agreement with the Servicio Autónomo de
Geografía y Cartografía Nacional of Venezuela for the
transfer of high technology in the form of digital orthophotomapping material of the Institut Cartogràfic de
Catalunya (ICC) to the aforementioned.
1996
January. Agreement with the Instituto Geográfico
Militar de Bolivia (IGM), whereby this institution
was to obtain the necessary points for the completion of the accuracy experiments and for the orientation of the images from the MOMS 02/D2 mission
of a specific area. This information will be sent to
the ICC, who, in turn, will send it to the DLR
(Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt), so that the latter may conduct the corresponding accuracy experiments.
March. Agreement with the Land-Use and LandCover Change to establish the Core project office
at the ICC.
April. Agreement with the National Topographic
Service of the Region of Nordrhein-Westfalen for
to provide at the ICC with the programs for the
RASANT system, which will be used in a pilot
phase.
December. Agreement with the Instituto Geográfico
Militar de Argentina (IGM) to carry out photogrammetric flights with aircraft of the IGM.
1997
March. Agreement with the Servicio Autónomo de
Geografía y Cartografía Nacional of Venezuela to
establish a working system that will enable coverage of the Republic of Venezuela in its entirety to
be completed at 1:250 000 scale.
April. Agreement with the Facultad de Ingeniería of
the Universidad de Buenos Aires (Argentinian
Republic) to take the necessary initiatives in order
1995
January. Agreement with the Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique in order to elaborate a global interdisciplinary approach to groundwater flow
in karstic areas and effects on hydric resources and
the environment.
January. Agreement with the Ohio State University,
Center for Mapping, to initiate joint activities rela24
to implement a technological training exchange
programme for technicians, professional training
and the development of new procedures.
June. Agreement with the Instituto Geográfico Militar
de Bolivia to analyse the existing geodetic infrastructure in Bolivia and to ascertain what infrastructure would be required in order to complete
airborne gravimetric observation missions. It is
aimed to learn of the characteristics and condition
of the geodetic, levelling and gravimetric networks
in Bolivia.
May. Agreement with Matra Marconi Space France
SA to improve the information of the remote sensing market so that it meets current requirements
relating to the products and their specifications, and
to improve business opportunities in these markets.
July. Agreement with Spot Image SA to create various
georeferenced products relating to the Dominican
Republic, mainly based on SPOT images, which
Spot Image will make available to the ICC.
25
AFFILIATION AND PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL BODIES
American Association
of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
Member of the Energy Minerals Division
and Environmental Division
Asociación Española de Normalización
y Certificación del Comité Europeo
de Normalización (AENOR/CEN)
Member of the Technical Committee for Standardisation
AEN/CTN 148 “Información Geográfica Digital”
AENOR expert in the working group CEN/TC
287/WG 2 “Geographic Information-Data Description-Geometry, Quality, Metadata”
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Member of the Association
Bibliographia Cartographica
Correspondent for Spain
European Association
of Geoscientists and Engineers
Member of the Association
European Geophysical Society
Member of the Society
European Research Libraries Committee
(LIBER). Maplibrarians Group
Vice-president, 1990-1993
President, 1993-1995
Member of the group from 1996
Member of the working group on cartographic
generalisation
European Organization for Experimental
Studies on Photogrammetry (OEEPE)
Member of the working group on digital photogrammetric cameras
Member of the working group on geocorrection of
radar images
Member of the working group on digital photogrammetric systems
Member of the working group on photoscanner
analysis
European Seismological Comission
Member of the working groups
of Engineering Seismology (Subcommittee F.)
International Association of Geodesy (IAG)
Member of the Association and of the working
group SSG 3.164 “Airborne gravimetry instrumentation and methods”
26
International Association
of Hidrogeology (AIH)
Member of the Association
International Cartographic Association
(ICA/ACI)
Vice-president of the Executive Committee and
President of the Organising Committee of ICA’95Barcelona
President of the Scientific Programme Committee
of ICA’95-Barcelona
President of the Finance Committee of ICA’95Barcelona
President of the Historical Cartography Exhibition
Committee of ICA’95-Barcelona
Member of the Publications Committee and
President of the Exhibitions Committee of ICA’95Barcelona
Conference and Social Committee Secretary of
ICA’95-Barcelona
International Federation of Library
Associations (IFLA)
Secretary of the Geography and Map Libraries
International Maps Collectors
Society (IMCOS)
Member of the Advisory Council
International Society of Photogrammetry
and Remote Sensing (ISPRS)
Member of the working group on photoscanner
analysis
President of the working group 3.1 (Integrated Sensor
Orientation), 1992-1996
Secretary of the working group 3.1 (Integrated Sensor
Orientation), 1992-1996
Co-presidency of the working group (System Aspects of Platform Guidance, Navigation and Sensor
Positioning)
Land Use and Land Cover Change (LUCC)
Director of the Office
Head of science and information at the Office
Head of management and coordination at the Office
Representative of the Generalitat de Catalunya on
the Cartography Commission
Pyrenean Work Community
Co-ordinator of the National Topographic Map
1:25 000 Sub-Commission of the Cartography
Commission
Member of the Cartography Commission
27
Spanish Association of Geographical
Information Systems (AESIG)
Member of the Management Board
of the Catalan Division
Spanish Association
of Remote Sensing (AET)
Member of the Board of Directors
Spanish Association
of Seismic Engineering (AEIS)
Members of the Board of Directors
Spanish Society
of Cartography, Photogrammetry and
Remote Sensing (SECFT)
Vice-president of Photogrammetry and Remote
Sensing
Members of the Executive Board
Spanish Geographic Council (CSG)
Group of Members representing the Autonomous
Government of Catalonia
University of Salta (Argentina)
Member of the working group for the Programme
of Scientific Cooperation with Latin American
E C O L ÒGI
PAPER
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© Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya – D. L.: B. 20 754-1998
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Balmes, 209-211 – Phone 34-93 218 87 58 – Fax 34-93 218 89 59 – 08006 Barcelona
Emili Grahit, 10 A – Phone 34-972 20 04 93 – Fax 34-972 20 04 93 – 17002 Girona
Doctor Fleming, 19 – Phone 34-973 27 47 76 – Fax 34-973 27 47 76 – 25006 Lleida
Anselm Clavé, 1 – Phone 34-977 23 01 56 – Fax 34-977 23 01 56 – 43004 Tarragona
Parc de Montjuïc – Phone 34-93 425 29 00 – Fax 34-93 426 74 42 – 08038 Barcelona – Catalonia – Spain
Parc de Montjuïc – Teléfono 34-93 425 29 00 – Fax 34-93 426 74 42 – 08038 Barcelona – Cataluña – España
Balmes, 209-211 – Teléfono 34-93 218 87 58 – Fax 34-93 218 89 59 – 08006 Barcelona
Emili Grahit, 10 A – Teléfono 34-972 20 04 93 – Fax 34-972 20 04 93 – 17002 Girona
Doctor Fleming, 19 – Teléfono 34-973 27 47 76 – Fax 34-973 27 47 76 – 25006 Lleida
Anselm Clavé, 1 – Teléfono 34-977 23 01 56 – Fax 34-977 23 01 56 – 43004 Tarragona