Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
1
COMMON SENSE, YET
COMMONLY FORGOTTEN
2017/3/1
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
What is language competency?
 General
English (GE) vs. English for specific purpose
(ESP)

How to improve it?
 One


word: __________
What tests do not tell may be more important.
Grammar
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
INTRODUCTION
2017/3/1
Grammatical levels
3
5-level hierarchy
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sentence
clause
phrase
word
morpheme
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Morpheme
5
teacher
Free
unkind
morpheme
teacher
Bound
unkind
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Example
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

His friends, foes, and colleagues provide an
unvarnished view of the passions, perfectionism,
obsessions, artistry, devilry, and compulsion for
control that shaped his approach to business and
the innovative products that resulted.
What morphemes have you noticed from this
sentence?
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Word http://www.ucl.ac.uk/internet-grammar/wordclas/open.htm
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Open
noun
verb
adjective
Adverb
Closed
pronoun
numeral
article
preposition
conjunction
interjection
Word
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Word relations
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
As Caesar loved me, I weep for him; as he was
fortunate, I rejoice at it; as he was valiant, I honour
him; but as he was ambitious, I slew him. There is
tears for his love; joy for his fortune ; honour for his
valour; and death for his ambition.
 William
Shakespeare: Julius Caesar
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Phrases: group of words
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




Noun phrases:
Verb phrases：
Adjective phrases：
Adverb phrases：
Preposition phrases：
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Position makes a difference
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
Example 1
That is my all.
 All that is mine.


Example 2
She saw him through.
 She saw through him.


Example 3
She tried in vain to prevent the work from being done.
 She tried to prevent the work from being done in vain.

Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Clauses
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
Combining messages using clauses and
conjunctions.
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Sentences
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1.
Based on structure:
 Complete
sentences
 Incomplete sentences: When did you arrive? Last
night.
 Simple sentence
 Complex sentence
 Coordinate sentence/ compound sentence
2.
Based on function:
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Sentences
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1.
2.
Based on structure:
Based on function:
 statement
 question
/ interrogative
 imperative
 exclamation
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
The form does not always indicate the right
function
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


Could you speak aloud?
Isn’t it a good day?
Could you tell me the time?
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Punctuation makes a difference
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下雨天留客天留客不留。
Woman without her man is nothing.
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
FUNCTIONAL GRAMMAR
2017/3/1
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Functional grammar
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

A grammar that puts together the patterns of
language and the things you can do with them.
How do people do things with the language:
 make
meanings
 get attention
 influence people
 learn about the world
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Class content and Assessment
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

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Textbook
Students’ book
Discussion group
Pretest and post test :5-10 quizzes
Final exam: 1, may be a partly-open exam
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1
Learn to use the linguistic corpus
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

Look for information that can help with the questions we did not solve
in class. Corpus will be a good starting place.
British National Corpus


Corpus of Contemporary American English



www.m-w.com
http://www.iciba.com
On-line forums and etc.


http://corpus.byu.edu/coca/
On-line dictionary


http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk/
http://grammar.about.com/od/tz/g/wordclassterm.htm
Select some for yourself and USE them.
Fang CHEN ECNU 华东师大英语系 陈芳
2017/3/1