TEST NAME: EOG REVIEW
TEST ID: 576816
GRADE: 08
SUBJECT: Life and Physical Sciences
TEST CATEGORY: My Classroom
EOG REVIEW
Page 1 of 14
Student: Class:
Date:
1.
Which generalization can be made about the relative age of a fossil
found in a sedimentary rock bed?
A.
The fossil is younger than the
rock layer above it.
B.
The fossil was formed before the
rock layer that contains it.
C.
The fossil and the rock were
formed in different environments.
D.
The fossil was formed around the
same time as the rock that
contains it.
2.
A rock sample is arranged in four undisturbed layers, W, X, Y and Z, as
shown in the diagram below. W X Y Z
Which is most likely true about the layers according to the law of
superposition?
A.
W is the oldest rock layer and Z
is the youngest rock layer.
B.
W is the youngest rock layer and
Z is the oldest rock layer.
C.
X is the youngest rock layer and
W is the oldest rock layer.
D.
X is the oldest rock layer and Y is
the oldest rock layer.
3.
Which is a process that allows scientists to compare rock layers with
others in a sequence to determine their age?
A.
radiometric dating
C.
relative dating
B.
absolute dating
EOG REVIEW
Page 2 of 14
4. The diagram shows the front limbs of four different members of the horse family, based on the fossil record.
They are arranged from the oldest to the most recent.
Which best describes how the front limbs of horses have changed over time?
A. They have gained additional toes.
B. The bones have become stronger.
C. The toes have reduced in number.
D. The bones have become shorter.
5. The picture shows an ammonite fossil on the left. On the right, it shows how the animal may have looked 160
million years ago.
According to the ammonite’s characteristics, which modern animals would most likely be the relatives of
ammonites?
A. squids and octopi
B. whales and porpoises
C. lizards and turtles
D. shrimp and crabs
6. For many years scientists thought that dinosaurs rapidly replaced their ancestors. New information shows
that dinosaurs and their non­dinosaur ancestors may have existed together for tens of millions of years.
Which evidence most likely made it possible to support the idea that dinosaurs and their ancestors
coexisted for millions of years?
A. Fewer fossils were found of amphibians than of
dinosaurs.
B. More fossils found were of larger organisms than of
dinosaurs.
C. Herbivore bones were found in each rock layer.
D. Bones of three different species were found in the
same rock layer.
7.
Which contains most of the water on Earth?
A.
aquifers
C.
ponds
B.
oceans
EOG REVIEW
Page 3 of 14
Which best describes the process of evapotranspiration in the water
cycle?
8.
A.
Water from the ocean enters the
atmosphere as water vapor.
B.
Water on the surface of Earth
enters the groundwater supply.
C.
Water vapor in the atmosphere
returns to the surface of Earth as
liquid water.
D.
Water on the surface of Earth and
water lost by plants enters the
atmosphere as water vapor.
How does the development of more tributaries affect a local river basin?
9.
A.
The amount of water carried by
the basin is decreased because it
is gathered from many streams
near the source of the river.
B.
The amount of water carried by
the basin is increased because it
is gathered from many streams
near the source of the river.
C.
The amount of water carried by
the basin is decreased because it
is dispersed through many
channels at the mouth of the
river.
D.
The amount of water carried by
the basin is increased because it
is dispersed through many
channels at the mouth of the
river.
10.
Organisms that live in an intertidal zone must be able to tolerate which
changes to survive?
A.
changes in temperature but not
salinity
B.
changes in salinity but not
temperature
C.
changes in both temperature and
salinity
D.
changes in neither salinity nor
temperature
11.
Of the compounds dissolved in ocean water, which is most needed by
organisms that live there?
A.
carbon dioxide
B.
magnesium oxide
C.
calcium carbonate
D.
elemental nitrogen
12.
Why is productivity greatest near the ocean’s surface?
A.
More predators live in the top
layers of the ocean.
C.
Sunlight penetrates the top layers D. Nutrients, minerals, and gases
of the ocean, so photosynthesis
are more available to marine life
occurs there.
in the bottom layers of the ocean.
B.
Salinity at all layers of the open
ocean is fairly consistent.
EOG REVIEW
Page 4 of 14
13.
Which most likely makes fish excellent indicators of watershed health?
A.
Fish live only for a short period of
time.
B.
Fish live in the water for at least
a portion of their life.
C.
Fish differ in their tolerance to
amount and types of pollution.
D.
Fish are frequently moving
throughout different columns of
water.
14.
Fish, flies, and algae are bioindicators known to exist in a certain North
Carolina river. Recently a chemical company was built upstream. Which
environmental factor is most likely measured by these bioindicators in
this river?
A.
light
C.
dissolved oxygen
B.
temperature
15.
Which will occur if humans continue to overload water systems with
excess nutrients?
A.
chemosynthesis
B.
eutrophication
C.
nitrification
D.
photosynthesis
16.
Why is it important for people to understand how to properly dispose of
wastes?
A.
Proper disposal of wastes will
regulate Earth’s climate.
B.
Proper disposal of wastes will
eliminate the need for additional
landfills.
C.
Improper disposal of wastes in a
watershed affects the amount of
water flowing downstream.
D.
Improper disposal of wastes in a
watershed affects the organisms
living in the water downstream.
17.
Which is the best way to conserve water?
A.
Take a daily bath rather than a
shower.
B.
Wash several small loads of
clothing rather than a few large
ones.
C.
Use the dishwasher only for small
loads rather than for large loads.
D.
Install low­flow toilets that
reduce the amount of water being
flushed.
EOG REVIEW
Page 5 of 14
18.
Why should pH tests be conducted frequently to monitor the health of
local streams?
A.
because turbid water reduces
visibility
B.
because lack of dissolved oxygen
causes fish kills
C.
because water too basic or too
acidic destroys the ecosystem
D.
because high phospate levels
decrease algae production rates
19.
Which most likely describes the effect of removing shelter from an
ecosystem while increasing a population?
A.
The population will decrease due
to lack of space and food.
C.
The population will increase, then
decrease due to lack of biotic
factors.
B.
The population will increase due
to lack of shelter and available
food.
20. In ecosystems where people live, which of the following are most likely to cause an increase in diseases
transmitted by water?
A. floods
B. blizzards
C. hailstorms
D. avalanches
21. Which interaction between animals best controls the population of a species?
A. wild animals marking their territories
B. remora fish traveling with sharks
C. lions preying on zebras
D. wolves traveling in packs
22. Which property makes the water cycle on Earth possible?
A. Water can change phase.
B. Water can be absorbed by plants.
C. Water is important in chemical reactions.
D. Water is the universal solvent.
23. Which can provide the most energy in an ecosystem?
A. a mushroom
B. a coyote
C. a pine tree
D. a grassy meadow
24. Which represents a short­term storage for carbon?
A. Coral reefs formed from calcium carbonate.
B. Coal formed from plants that lived long ago.
C. Limestone rocks quarried at Earth’s surface.
D. Carbohydrates stored in fruits and vegetables.
25. Use of nuclear fuel would most likely reduce human contributions to which environmental problem?
A. ozone thinning
B. landfill creation
C. shoreline erosion
D. greenhouse heating
EOG REVIEW
Page 6 of 14
26.
When building a dam for a hydroelectric power plant, which best
describes a possible negative effect on the environment?
A.
flooding
C.
radioactive waste
B.
air pollution
27.
Which is the greatest disadvantage of using solar panels as a primary
source of energy?
A.
Resource is limited to daylight
hours only.
C.
Solar panels use too much land
area to capture the needed
energy.
B.
Solar energy is difficult to store
for long­term use.
28.
Which industry would most likely be affected if coal resources were
depleted?
A.
agriculture
B.
construction
C.
transportation
D.
power production
29.
Which will most likely occur if a limited energy resource is used without
conservation efforts?
A.
The cost of the resource will
increase.
B.
The cost of the resource will
decrease.
C.
The supply of the resource will
increase.
D.
The cost and the supply of the
resource will decrease.
30. A group of students have decided that the amount of electricity used by the school should be reduced. The
students want to develop a plan to solve this problem. What should the group do first?
A. determine what materials should be used to
implement the plan
B. conduct research on energy conservation to form
the plan
C. improve the design of the plan
D. test the validity of the plan
31.
Which best describes the similar function of wings in birds and
butterflies?
A.
embryological structures
B.
homologous structures
C.
analogous structures
D.
vestigial structures
EOG REVIEW
Page 7 of 14
32.
Which evidence best supports the theory that many species of organisms
have become extinct?
A.
Current fossil records reflect only
species that exist today.
B.
Radioactive dating of rocks
provides evidence of extinct
species.
C.
Some fossil records reflect
organisms that no longer exist
today.
D.
Scientists have uncovered ancient
writings that describe organisms
no longer living.
33.
Based on the fossil record, which organisms were most likely to have
existed first?
A.
plants
B.
insects
C.
jellyfish
D.
bacteria
34.
Which is most likely the result of genetic variation in organisms?
A.
Mothers give birth to identical
twins.
C.
Some bacteria survive when
exposed to antibiotics.
B.
A virus wipes out an entire field
of crops.
35.
Which adaptation best allows organisms to adjust to the harsh winters
of the tundra?
A.
thick fur
C.
large, glossy leaves
B.
long ears
36.
Which demonstrates genetic variation resulting in a protective
adaptation?
A.
A butterfly changes colors to look
like its poisonous relatives.
C.
A groundhog runs into a burrow to D. A beaver builds a dam to protect
avoid a predator.
its family.
B.
A bird in the desert breeds at
night to avoid the heat.
37. How many atoms of oxygen are in a molecule of glucose, C6H12O6?
A. 1
B. 6
C. 12
D. 24
EOG REVIEW
Page 8 of 14
38.
Which best describes water?
A.
a compound
B.
an element
C.
a heterogeneous mixture
D.
a homogeneous mixture
39. Based on the chart below, a student chose a method to separate a solid mixture containing 150 g of
potassium nitrate (KNO3) and 30 g of sodium chloride (NaCl).
The student dissolved the mixture in 100 g of water at 100°C. The student then slowly cooled the resulting
solution to 0°C. Which statement best describes the results of the student’s procedure?
A. Most of the KNO3 and NaCl become insoluble in
cold water and form white solids.
B. All the KNO3 precipitates from solution, while most
of the NaCl stays in solution.
C. All the KNO3 and NaCl remain in solution
throughout the procedure.
D. Most of the KNO3 turns into solid crystals, while all
the NaCl stays in solution.
40. Elements in the same column of the Periodic Table of the Elements all
A. have the same number of protons.
B. share the same atomic structure.
C. have similar physical characteristics.
D. share the same number of neutrons.
41.
In which area of the periodic table would the elements with the highest
density be found?
A.
the middle of the periodic table
C.
the top of the group
B.
Group 1 on the periodic table
42.
A student finds that an unknown element readily reacts with alkali
metals. Which is the best conclusion about the unknown element?
A.
It is a noble gas.
B.
It is in Group 16 (VIA).
C.
It is in Group 17 (VIIA).
D.
It is an alkaline earth metal.
EOG REVIEW
Page 9 of 14
43. John and Lisa collected a sample of ocean water and placed it in a jar. Within a couple of days, the water
had evaporated and salt was visible at the bottom of the jar. This is an example of a
A. physical change.
B. chemical change.
C. solute being dissolved.
D. new substance being formed.
44.
A marshmallow is made mostly of sugar and air. When heated in a
microwave oven, a marshmallow increases in size to nearly twice its
normal volume but does not produce any new substances. Which best
describes the change in the marshmallow?
A.
The heated air expands as a
physical change occurs.
B.
The heated air expands as a
chemical change occurs.
C.
The heated air contracts as a
physical change occurs.
D.
The heated air contracts as a
chemical change occurs.
45.
Read the chemical equation.
CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O + energy
What is the best description for this equation?
A.
Energy is absorbed.
C.
Energy stays the same.
B.
Energy is released.
46.
One molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2) combines with one molecule of
water (H2O) to make one molecule of carbonic acid. According to the Law
of Conservation of Mass, how many atoms of carbon should be in the
carbonic acid?
A.
1
C.
3
B.
2
47.
Which best describes how to balance the chemical equation shown below
to support the law of conservation of mass?
Mg + O2 → MgO
A.
Add the coefficient 2 before the
Mg on both sides of the equation.
B.
Add the coefficient 2 before the
O2 on the left side of the
equation.
C.
Add the coefficient 2 before the
Mg on the left side of the
equation.
D.
Add the coefficient 2 before the
MgO on the right side of the
equation.
EOG REVIEW
Page 10 of 14
48.
Sam followed the lab procedures below in completing an experiment.
Place samples of iron filings and sulfur into a test tube.
Cover the test tube with a rubber sheet and seal it.
Measure and record the mass of the test tube and contents.
Heat the test tube until the contents glow red.
Allow the test tube to cool.
After cooling, remeasure and record the mass of the test tube and
contents.
Which best describes Sam’s conclusion?
A.
A change in mass occurred after
heating.
B.
No change in mass occurred after
heating.
C.
A physical change occurred,
producing new products.
D.
A chemical change occurred,
producing new reactants.
49. How are bacterial cells and human cells alike?
A. They allow oxygen through the cell wall.
B. They allow carbon dioxide through the cell wall.
C. They allow nutrients through the cell membrane.
D. They allow nutrients through the nuclear
membrane.
50.
Which molecule is broken down during fermentation to produce energy for
plants and animals?
A.
alcohol
C.
oxygen
B.
glucose
51.
Which most accurately describes how plants and animals obtain the
energy they need for growth and survival?
A.
Molecules are broken down during
respiration to release stored
energy.
B.
Molecules are broken down during
photosynthesis to release stored
energy.
C.
Animals produce energy through
photosynthesis, while plants
produce energy through
respiration.
D.
Animals produce energy through
respiration, while plants produce
energy through photosynthesis.
52.
A diet high in fats has been linked to cardiovascular disease and obesity.
Which type of fat is most harmful to the human body?
A.
saturated fat
B.
unsaturated fat
C.
fat derived from plants
D.
fat developed from proteins
EOG REVIEW
Page 11 of 14
53.
Mark’s doctor advises that his sedentary lifestyle is putting him at risk
for heart disease. Which would the doctor most likely recommend?
A.
eating less
B.
eating more
C.
exercising less
D.
exercising more
54.
Which combination of foods best provides a healthy and nutritious meal?
A.
steak, fries, orange juice, banana
B.
baked potato, chicken nuggets,
fruits, and orange juice
C.
apple, grilled chicken sandwich,
orange juice, and yogurt
D.
macaroni and cheese, orange
juice, ice cream, and pound cake
55. A doctor treats a patient showing symptoms of fatigue and fever. An examination for which condition will
most likely uncover the source of the illness?
A. nutritional imbalance
B. fractured bone
C. abnormal cellular reproduction
D. foreign bacteria
56. Which of these conditions most likely results from infection?
A. high blood sugar levels
B. swelling of throat tissues
C. numbness in fingers
D. blockage of blood vessels in the leg
57.
West Nile virus was once considered a minor risk to humans. Today, it is
transmitted through female mosquitoes. What kind of relationship do
mosquitoes carrying the West Nile virus have with humans?
A.
commensalism
C.
parasitism
B.
mutualism
58.
Which would be the most successful way to make antibiotics that
prevent microbial infections?
A.
Accurately identify the specific
source of infections.
C.
Reduce the number of
prescriptions written for children
under the age of two.
B.
Use antibacterial hand soaps and
cleaners on a regular basis.
EOG REVIEW
Page 12 of 14
59.
Which best describes treatments for viral epidemics and viral pandemics?
A.
Both are easily treated using a
combination of vaccination and
antibiotics.
B.
Epidemics are treated with
vaccinations, while pandemics are
treated with antibiotics.
C.
Epidemics are treated with
antibiotics, while pandemics are
treated with vaccinations.
D.
Neither is easily treated because
viral infections are easier to
prevent than they are to treat.
60.
Which is the vector for the pathogen that causes malaria?
A.
tick
C.
mosquito
B.
flea
61.
Wes graduated with a degree in biotechnology. For which job is he best
qualified?
A.
financial manager
B.
automobile mechanic
C.
laboratory researcher
D.
mathematics teacher
EOG REVIEW
Page 13 of 14
62.
DNA analysis performed by a forensic scientist on blood found at a crime
scene is compared to the DNA analysis of four suspects as shown below.
Which suspect was most likely present at the crime scene?
A.
Suspect A
B.
Suspect B
C.
Suspect C
D.
Suspect D
63.
Which is an application of genetic engineering?
A.
destroying all bacteria
B.
creating synthetic insulin
C.
producing cells from nonliving
material
D.
preventing weeds from spreading
to farmland
EOG REVIEW
Page 14 of 14