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Pre-Industrial Revolution Society
Farming in the Middle Ages
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Villages feed themselves (_________________ farming)
One of three fields left fallow (__________________) to regain
fertility.
Animals grazed in _____________ pastures.
Disadvantages of Middle Ages Farming:
– Land use __________________________
– Farmers didn’t ___________________________ new
methods
Forces for Change
1. Population growing – _______________________________
2. French blockade – no _________________ – more food
needed
The Agricultural Revolution
______________________ Movement
– Wealthy landlords ______________ in common pastures
and experimented with new farming technology.
– Villages lost common lands and political power, peasants
became _______________.
Crop Rotation
– Fields depleted of nutrients by one crop replenished by
planting different crops.
– Fields not left inefficiently ________________________.
Other Discoveries
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______________________________ planted seeds efficiently
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New crops – __________ and ____________________________
Results of the Agricultural Revolution
1. More _____________________ available
2. __________________________________ increased
Page 12
Industrial Revolution Cryptogram
Crack the code to find out what happened in the Industrial Revolution.
Due this class period.
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Cottage Industry vs. Factory System
Merchant’s Role in Cottage Industry
1. ________________ – wool and cotton – to cottages to be carded and spun
2. ________________- Took supplies from spinning cottage to weaving cottage
to dying cottage to sell finished cloth.
3. _______________ for more than material and labor costs (____________)
SO…..____________________ investment = ________________ profit
Capitalism/Free enterprise
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An economic system based on ______________ ownership, free competition and
profit.
___________________ industry is an example of early _________________.
Effects of the cottage Industry
1. ________________________________ for new class of merchants
2. Alternative source of income for ________________________
Textile Industry and Factory System
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Cottage industry couldn't keep up with _________________ for textiles.
Eli Whitney –
Other inventions: Spinning Jenny, Spinning mule, Water Frame
Rise of the Factory
• New machines, often too big for homes, were put into _____________
• Factories were located near power source: ____________, __________,
________
Effects of Textile Factories in Britain
1. ____________________________ textiles are cheaper than hand made.
2. Britain’s textile industry __________________________ enormously.
3. Majority of villagers forced to leave to find work in _____________ factories.
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HELP WANTED
• Create a classified ad for a job at a textile factory.
• Include a title, a two sentence description of the job, a
reason to move to the city, and an appropriate visual.
Energy for the Industrial Revolution Page 15
The need for energy
1. Early factories relied on horses, oxen, and __________________________.
2. Steam engine evolved in response to the increasing need for power.
Effect of Steam Engine
_______________________, used where ever coal existed, increased textile production.
Improved mining, which increased metals, which _______________________________.
Iron and Coal: Energy for the Industrial Revolution
The need for iron- Farming tools, new factory machinery, railways all needed ____________.
__________________ makes iron more pure and strong, but requires carbon.
The need for coal- _________________ was necessary for smelting iron.
_____________________________________ were powered by coal.
Effect of Iron and Coal
1. Britain produced more iron than all other countries in the world ________________.
2. Coal powered Britain’s enormous ________________.
Transportation
- The increased production of goods increased the need to transport goods
_______________________
- Pre-industrial society used horses, mules and dirt roads.
Transportation Inventions
Stone, eventually asphalt roads; ____________; The ___________________(1829)
Effects of railroads
1. Expanded rapidly throughout Britain
2. Cheaper transportation _____________________ production and profits.
3. _______________________________________________________: coal, steam engines,
iron, steel, and many manufactured products.
All Hail the King
1.
2.
3.
4.
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At one time the Railroad was king. Why? - At least 2 sentences
Create a cartoon with a train as a king and other industries
(coal, iron, steam engines, steel, textiles) as its subjects.
Use at least 3 colors.
Include a catchy title.
Why Britain Led the Industrial Revolution
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Geography
1. ________________good for ____________________ production
2. Plenty of natural resources such as ________ and _____________
3. ______________________ from the European continent kept them out of wars
Government
1. Internal trade _________________
2. Population allowed to ___________________
3. Helped build canals and ____________
Social Factors- British __________________ less rigid than other European countries
Colonial Empire
1. Supplied ___________ materials for ___________________________ goods
2. Provided a ___________________ for goods
Advantages of Industrializing First
1. No other countries ________________________ for manufactured goods
2. ______________________ on technology
Urbanization
- people move from rural farms and villages to _____________to find work.
- _______________________for jobs, education, housing, and transportation.
- _______________________rapid growth of cities, poverty, crime, overcrowding
due to lack of planning
Urban Game
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Create a map of an urban area in the industrial era. You must finish by the end of this class
period.
Include- 20 houses, 3 big houses, 3 stores, 4 churches, 2 schools, 10 tenements, 12 factories, 4
cemeteries, 2 coal mines, 1 railroad, 10 light posts, 2 jails, 4 cemeteries, roads/bridges as
needed. Draw to scale- using the key.
Effects of the Industrial Revolution
1. __________________ working conditions and low wages
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2. ___________________labor
3. Women paid _____________ of what a man was paid – most worked as domestic
servants
4. Coal mines conditions - underground ___________, _____________________ from
poisonous gases, explosions, _________________________
5. _______________________ – people moved to crowded urban areas for jobs = crime,
diseases, cramped housing
6. Education – government passed laws for children to go to _____________________
to learn reading, writing and arithmetic. ______________________ schools were
set up
7. Changing class structure –_____________________ depended on moving to a higher
social class
A. The industrial ___________________ – organized, oversaw and ran the factories
B. Urban _________________ class – doctors, lawyers, merchants, shopkeepers,
factory clerks
C. Urban _________________ – poverty stricken factory workers
D. German philosopher, ________________will be influenced by the conditions
around him- creates communism
8. ___________________led in the production of cotton, iron, coal and railways
9. Modern buildings – multi storied apartment buildings called _____________ city
halls, opera houses
10. Modern InventionsA. Edward Jenner discovered the small pox ________________________
B. Alexander Graham Bell invents the ___________________.
C. ___________________-phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a longlasting, practical electric light bulb
D. Marie Curie- research on ______________________
E. Louis Pasteur- germ theory, vaccinations, pasteurization
F. James Watt- improved the power, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of
__________________________
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Child Labor Journal Entry
Read the primary source documents on child labor during the Industrial Revolution. Put yourself in their
place. You are a child laborer and you have just arrived home after a 15 hour work day.
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Write a journal entry about your day. What did you experience (hear, smell, see)? Were you or
someone you were close to get injured, lose their job, or die? How do you feel?
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Journal entry should address at least 3 of the topics discussed in this unit.