Nurture Education
11
Connectors
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Connectors are used to link two ideas together to make your meaning clearer. They let
you compare and contrast information more easily.
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Connectors
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Connectors are those words that are used to join words, phrasesand clauses.
In English Grammar, Conjunctions, Prepositions, Relative Pronouns and
Relative Adverbs perform the role of connectors. However, the most important
kind of connectors are Conjunctions ..Conjunctions are words which join together
words or sentences or parts of sentences.
Which are categorised as follow
1. Co-ordinating Conjunctions such as and, but, for, or, still, yet, so,
otherwise, nor, neither, either, as well as etc. They join a noun with a noun, a
phrase with a phrase and a clause with a clause (i. e., they join same type of
grammatical units).
2. Correlative Conjunctions are those which can be used in pairs, e.g., both
...and, either ...or, though ...yet, so...that, hardly ...when, whether ...or, not only
...but also, no sooner ... than.
3. Sub-ordinating Conjunctions such as though/although,
since, after,
till/until, as, because, before, if, while, when, whether, lest, as if, as soon as, as
long as, as though, than etc. They join a sub-ordinate clause to a principal
clause and thus help form complex sentences.
Read the sentences in Column' 'A ~ Some words are in bold. Analyse their. role in the
sentences as indicated in Column 'B ~
S..No.
Column A
Column B
(i)
Rabindranath Tagore won the Nobel Prize for
Literature for his collection of poems,
'Geetanjali'. Furthermore, he continued writing
inspite of his busy schedule.
Adds information
(and, as
as, both,
furthermore,
moreover,
additionally,
but,
also).
(ii)
If one has a positive attitude, one can achieve
success. Similarly, if one works hard
success will never elude one.
Introduces
(iii)
'Today's generation is really obstinate", Granny
said. "Even when you scold them for their
mistakes, still they do not change their ways".
Gives a different/opposite
idea (however,
nonetheless, whereas, nevertheless, but).
(iv)
Most people in their young days do not
understand the value of money. Consequently,
they have to regret when they reach old age.
Introduces
a similaridea
same way).
the result (so, thus, hence).
Connectors
S.No.
Column A
Column B
(v)
It is important to exercise so that we may not be Expresses purpose (that, therefore,
prone to diseases.
that) .
...._...------ .... --- _......-----~ .... (vi)
I understand your situation, but I would appreciate
Indicates
difference/contrast
it if you complete the project on time.
whereas, but, still, yet) .
...................................................... _
_
_
in order
..........
.
(vii)
I like you because of your sincerity
(viii)
He is very tense about his new job. Until he is Explains the sequence of events (when,
settled there, he will have no peace of mind.
while, after, before, as soon as, no sooner ...
than, till, until, whenever,
(ix)
It is said that beauty lies in the eyes of the
beholder, but I feel she is prettier than Sita.
To express
than).
(x)
Although it is too late to prepare for the exams,
I am hopeful of securing good marks.
When one has to depict concession
(although, though, even though, but
however, yet, despite, inspite of) .
(as ..as,so ...as,
,.
To give an alternative
neither ...nor, or).
_ ........•.
(either ...or,
at
(xi)
comparisons
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~...........••••.•.••••.•................ ~
You do not have many choices. Either you
promise to solve the matter or else fight.
................................................................................................................................
Explains 'why' (because, since, as).
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and integrity.
(while,
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If we consider the above statements, we find that connectors are words ·or phrases
that help us to put together and connect our ideas, thoughts and feelings.
Conjunctions
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Ed
Conjunctions are special kinds of connectors. They help you to join two clauses
together.
The conjunctions as, since, because, for and in case are used to give reasons. They
introduce the explanation that answers the question 'why'?
The conjunctions so that, in order that and in case and the connectors so as to
and in order to are used to state a purpose. They introduce the answer to the
question 'what for'?
The conjunctions if, unless and as long as are used to introduce conditions.
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Previous Years' •
Examination Questions
1. JOin the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and,
but or so.
[2014]
(i) He is good at gymnastics. His handwriting must improve.
Ans Although he is good at gymnastics, his handwriting must improve.
(ii) Her grandfather
Ans Her grandfather
gifted her a paint box. He knew she was good at art.
gifted
her a paint box because
he knew she was good
(iii) Ravi fractured his arm. He insisted on playing the match.
Ans Even though Ravi fractured his arm, he insisted on playing the
or
Ravi insisted
on playing
the match
despite
having
fractured
match.
his arm.
(iv) Mona has been ill for a month. She stood first in the examination.
Ans
Mona stood
first in the examination
despite
having
been ill for a month.
at art.
•
2. Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using .and,
but or so.
[2013]
(i) We had better get ready now. We may not have time to reach the airport.
Ans We had better get ready now otherwise we might not have time to reach the airport.
(ii) Mr Liew has been sick. He has been so since he came back fromJapan.
Ans Mr Liew has been sick since he came back from Japan.
(iii) The debating teams were very happy, Both were declared joint-champions.
Am Both the debating teams were very happy as they were declared joint-champions.
(iv) He escaped from the prison. He 100J<.ecJ
fora place where he could hide.
Am As he escaped from the prison, he lo~~ed for a place where he could hide.
3. Join the following sentences to make. one complete sentence without using and,
but or so.
[2012]
(i) He lived in the city for many years. He' could not fmd his way out.
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Am Although he lived in the city for many years yet he could not find his way out.
knew everything.
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(ii) She complained that her brother did not know anything. Her brother
claimed he knew everything.
Ans She complained that her brother did not know anything whereas her brother claimed
(iii) The coffee isn't strong ..It won't keep us awake.
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Am The coffee isn't too strong to keep us awake.
(iv) I finished my homework. I switched on the Tv.
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Am I switched on the TV as soon as I finished my homework.
4. Join the following sentences to make' one complete sentence without using and,
but or so.
[2012]
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(i) The minister was wise. The king did not trust him.
Ans Although the minister was wise, the king did not trust him.
(ii) We reached the port. The storm came on.
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Am As soon as we reached the port, the storm came on.
(iii) One should not borrow money. One should not lend money.
Am One should neither borrow nor lend money.
(iv) She will win the prize. She deserves it.
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Am She deserves to win the prize.
5. join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and,
but or so.
[2010]
(i) You will surely be late. Hurty up!
Ans Unless you hurry up, you will surely be
late.
(ii) The trekkers got lost due to the heavy fog. They had misplaced their map
as well.
Ans Not only did the trekkers get lost due to the heavy fog but also misplaced their map.
(iii) She has to apologise. He will not meet heragain if she does not do so.
Am He will not meet her again unless she apologises.
(iv) I wear this expensive outfit verysparingly.Tbought
it last month.
Am I wear this expensive outfit, which I bought lastrnonth, very sparingly.
Connectors
6. join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and,
but or so.
[2009]
(i) Swama asked me a question. I was unable to answer it.
Ans I was unable to answer Swarna's question.
or
I was unable to answer the question that/which Swarna asked me.
or
Swarna asked me a question that/which I was unable to answer.
(ii) You helped Tania. She will always be grateful.
Ans Tania will always be grateful for your help.
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(iii) I heard you won a prize. I am extremely delighted.
Ans I am extremely delighted to hear that you won a prize.
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Tania will always be grateful because you helped her.
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(iv) There was heavy traffic. We reached the stadium on time.
Ans Though there was heavy traffic, yet we reached the stadium on
time.
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7. Join the following sentence to make one complete sentence without using and,
but or so.
[2008]
Ed
(i) The heart attack was mild. Mr Bose stayed in bed for three weeks.
Ans Mr Bose stayed in bed for three weeks after a mild heart attack.
(ii) The men went out to see if anyone was missing. The women stayed behind
to care for the injured.
While the men went out to see if anyone was missing, the women stayed behind to care for
the injured.
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Ans
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(iii) Her mother warned her not to talk to strangers. She told her not to accept
gifts from people she did not know.
Ans
Her mother warned her neither to talk to strangers nor to accept gifts from them.
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(iv) Everyone was drenched wet by now. The rain had come down harder.
Ans Everyone was drenched wet by now because the rain had come down harder.
8. Join the following sentence to make one complete sentence without using and,
but or so.
(i) John gave me the novel.John wanted me to review it.
Ans John gave me the novel to review.
(ii) Debjani received my note. Shesent her reply within a week.
Ans Oebjani replied to my note within a week.
(iii) Raja is a great footballer. He is also popular.
Ans Raja is a great popular footballer.
(iv) Jenifer saw that I was confused. She came to my rescue.
Ans When Jenifer saw that I was confused she came to my rescue.
or
Jenifer came to my rescue when she saw that I was confused.
[2007]
Chapterwise ICSE Salved Papers Engllsn (uass J\)
9. Jain the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and,
but or so.
[2006]
(i) Sahil composed a wonderful song. It became a hit.
Ans Sahil composed a wonderful hit song.
or
Sahil composed
a wonderful song which became a hit.
(ii) Rani reached thespot, We were to meet there.
Ans Rani reached the spot where we were supposed to
meet.
(iii) Dick met me. I gave him the document.
.Ans I gave the document to Dick.
or
I gave the document to Dick when he met me.
or
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As Shenaz was upset, I wanted to help her out.
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I wanted to help Shenaz because she was very upset.
out.
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(iv) Shenaz was very upset. I wanted to help her out.
.Au Shenaz was very upset therefore I wanted to help her
or