Summer Assignment AP U.S. History
Due the first day of class
**If you do not have access to the Internet, you may check out a copy
of the text, readings, and assignment.
Part I:
1. Read Chapter One of our textbook. It is available on line by going
to this site:
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/long/long_longman_media_1/flshbk/wps/history/di
vine_mhlappap_8/divineap_flash_main.html?page=3
2. Define and briefly explain the significant terms (on the web page)
for Chapter One.
The format for significant terms is as follows:
Definition or description:
Significance: (why is it important, what difference did this
make?)
Part II:
1. Choose two of the primary sources (original documents) in this
packet and complete a document analysis form (in the packet) for
each of the two documents chosen.
Staple all work together with your name on the front. Only turn in the terms and
the two document analysis forms.
Written Document Analysis Worksheet
TYPE OF DOCUMENT (Check one):
1.
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2.
Newspaper
Letter
Patent
Memorandum
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Map
Telegram
Press release
Report
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Advertisement
Congressional record
Census report
Other
UNIQUE PHYSICAL QUALITIES OF THE DOCUMENT (Check one or more):
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Interesting letterhead
Handwritten
Typed
Seals
___ Notations
___ "RECEIVED" stamp
___ Other
3.
DATE(S) OF DOCUMENT:
___________________________________________________________________________
4.
AUTHOR (OR CREATOR) OF THE DOCUMENT:
___________________________________________________________________________
POSITION (TITLE):
___________________________________________________________________________
5.
FOR WHAT AUDIENCE WAS THE DOCUMENT WRITTEN?
___________________________________________________________________________
6.
DOCUMENT INFORMATION (There are many possible ways to answer A-E.)
A. List three things the author said that you think are important:
___________________________________________________________________________
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B. Why do you think this document was written?
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C. What evidence in the document helps you know why it was written? Quote from the
document.
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D. List two things the document tells you about life in the United States at the time it was
written:
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E. Write a question to the author that is left unanswered by the document:
___________________________________________________________________________
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Charter to Sir Walter Raleigh
Sir Walter Raleigh, one of Queen Elizabeth's favorite courtiers, was given a Charter which he
used to plant a small colony at Roanoke Island, off the North Carolina coast. Small and poorly
financed, the colony failed to maintain peaceful relations with the local natives. By the time a
relief expedition arrived in 1591, the Roanoke colonists had vanished. It was an ominous
beginning for England's overseas ambitions.
ELIZABETH by the Grace of God of England, Fraunce and Ireland Queene, defender of the
faith, &c. To all people to whome these presents shall come, greeting.
Knowe yee that of our especial grace, certaine science, and meere motion, we haue given and
graunted, and by these presents for us, our heires and successors, we giue and graunt to our
trustie and welbeloued seruant Walter Ralegh, Esquire, and to his heires assignee for euer,
free libertie and licence from time to time, and at all times for ever hereafter, to discover,
search, finde out, and view such remote, heathen and barbarous lands, countries, and
territories, not actually possessed of any Christian Prince, nor inhabited by Christian People, as
to him, his heires and assignee, and to every or any of them shall seeme good, and the same
to haue, horde, occupie and enjoy to him, his heires and assignee for euer, with all
prerogatives, commodities, jurisdictions, royalties, privileges, franchises, and preheminences,
thereto or thereabouts both by sea and land, whatsoever we by our letters patents may
graunt, and as we or any of our noble progenitors haue heretofore graunted to any person or
persons, bodies politique.or corporate: and the said Walter Ralegh, his heires and assignee,
and all such as from time to time, by licence of us, our heires and successors, shall goe or
trauaile thither to inhabite or remaine, there to build and fortifie, at the discretion of the said
Walter Ralegh, his heires and assignee, the statutes or acte of Parliament made against
fugitives, or against such as shall depart, romaine or continue out of our Realme of England
without licence, or any other statute, acte, lawe, or any ordinance whatsoever to the contrary
in anywise notwithstanding...
Source:
The Federal and State Constitutions Colonial Charters, and Other Organic Laws of the States,
Territories, and Colonies Now or Heretofore Forming the United States of America
Compiled and Edited Under the Act of Congress of June 30, 1906 by Francis Newton Thorpe
Washington, DC : Government Printing Office, 1909.
Copyright © 1995-2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman
Legal and Privacy Terms
Christopher Columbus, from The Journal of Christopher
Columbus (1492)
This document is excerpted from the journal of Columbus in his voyage of 1492. The meaning
of this voyage is highly contested. On the one hand, it is witness to the tremendous vitality of
late Medieval and Early Modern Europe. On the other hand, the direct result of this and later
voyages was the virtual extermination, by ill treatment and disease, of the vast majority of the
native inhabitants and the enormous growth of the trans-Atlantic slave trade. It might not be
fair to blame Columbus for all of the destructive policies that followed his voyages, but
because all sides treat him as a symbol, the issue cannot be avoided.
Hereupon I left the city of Granada, on Saturday, the twelfth day of May, 1492, and proceeded
to Palos, a seaport, where I armed three vessels, very fit for such an enterprise, and having
provided myself with abundance of stores and seamen, I set sail from the port, on Friday, the
third of August, half an hour before sunrise, and steered for the Canary Islands of your
Highnesses which are in the said ocean, thence to take my departure and proceed till I arrived
at the Indies, and perform the embassy of your Highnesses to the Princes there, and discharge
the orders given me. For this purpose I determined to keep an account of the voyage, and to
write down punctually every thing we performed or saw from day to day, as will hereafter
appear. Moreover, Sovereign Princes, besides describing every night the occurrences of the
day, and every day those of the preceding night, I intend to draw up a nautical chart, which
shall contain the several parts of the ocean and land in their proper situations; and also to
compose a book to represent the whole by picture with latitudes and longitudes, on all which
accounts it behooves me to abstain from my sleep, and make many trials in navigation, which
things will demand much labor.
…
Friday, 3 August 1492. Set sail from the bar of Saltes at 8 o'clock, and proceeded with a
strong breeze till sunset, sixty miles or fifteen leagues south, afterwards southwest and south
by west, which is the direction of the Canaries.
…
Wednesday, 10 October. Steered west-southwest and sailed at times ten miles an hour, at
others twelve, and at others, seven; day and night made fifty-nine leagues' progress;
reckoned to the crew but forty-four. Here the men lost all patience, and complained of the
length of the voyage, but the Admiral encouraged them in the best manner he could,
representing the profits they were about to acquire, and adding that it was to no purpose to
complain, having come so far, they had nothing to do but continue on to the Indies, till with
the help of our Lord, they should arrive there.
…
Thursday, 11 October. Steered west-southwest; and encountered a heavier sea than they had
met with before in the whole voyage. Saw pardelas and a green rush near the vessel. The
crew of the Pinta saw a cane and a log; they also picked up a stick which appeared to have
been carved with an iron tool, a piece of cane, a plant which grows on land, and a board. The
crew of the Nina saw other signs of land, and a stalk loaded with rose berries. These signs
encouraged them, and they all grew cheerful. Sailed this day till sunset, twenty-seven
leagues.
… At two o'clock in the morning the land was discovered, at two leagues' distance; they took
in sail and remained under the square-sail lying to till day, which was Friday, when they found
themselves near a small island, one of the Lucayos, called in the Indian language Guanahani.
… Numbers of the people of the island straightway collected together. Here follow the precise
words of the Admiral: "As I saw that they were very friendly to us, and perceived that they
could be much more easily converted to our holy faith by gentle means than by force, I
presented them with some red caps, and strings of beads to wear upon the neck, and many
other trifles of small value, wherewith they were much delighted, and became wonderfully
attached to us. Afterwards they came swimming to the boats, bringing parrots, balls of cotton
thread, javelins, and many other things which they exchanged for articles we gave them, such
as glass beads, and hawk's bells; which trade was carried on with the utmost good will. But
they seemed on the whole to me, to be a very poor people. They all go completely naked,
even the women, though I saw but one girl. All whom I saw were young, not above thirty
years of age, well made, with fine shapes and faces; their hair short, and coarse like that of a
horse's tail, combed toward the forehead, except a small portion which they suffer to hang
down behind, and never cut. Some paint themselves with black, which makes them appear
like those of the Canaries, neither black nor white; others with white, others with red, and
others with such colors as they can find. Some paint the face, and some the whole body;
others only the eyes, and others the nose. Weapons they have none, nor are acquainted with
them, for I showed them swords which they grasped by the blades, and cut themselves
through ignorance. They have no iron, their javelins being without it, and nothing more than
sticks, though some have fish-bones or other things at the ends. They are all of a good size
and stature, and handsomely formed. I saw some with scars of wounds upon their bodies, and
demanded by signs the of them; they answered me in the same way, that there came people
from the other islands in the neighborhood who endeavored to make prisoners of them, and
they defended themselves. I thought then, and still believe, that these were from the
continent. It appears to me, that the people are ingenious, and would be good servants and I
am of opinion that they would very readily become Christians, as they appear to have no
religion. They very quickly learn such words as are spoken to them. If it please our Lord, I
intend at my return to carry home six of them to your Highnesses, that they may learn our
language. I saw no beasts in the island, nor any sort of animals except parrots." These are the
words of the Admiral.
Document Analysis
1. Where did Columbus land? Where did his subsequent voyages take him?
2. How did Columbus describe the native peoples he encountered? What plans did he
have for them?
3. How long did the voyage to the New World take? What factors would inspire people to
undergo such a journey?
Copyright © 1995-2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman
Legal and Privacy Terms
Magna Carta
In 1215, the English aristocracy curbed the powers of the king when they forced him to accept
the Magna Carta. On the basis of this charter, a parliament composed of elective and
hereditary members eventually gained the right to meet regularly to pass money bills and
therefore act as a check on the Crown. During the sixteenth century, the Crown and
Parliament worked together toward a more unified state, with the English kings wielding less
political power than their counterparts on the European continent.
John, by the grace of God, King of England, Lord of Ireland, Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine,
and Count of Anjou, to the archbishop, bishops, abbots, earls, barons, justiciaries, foresters,
sheriffs, stewards, servants, and to all his bailiffs and liege subjects, greetings. Know that,
having regard to God and for the salvation of our soul, and those of all our ancestors and
heirs, and unto the honour of God and the advancement of his holy Church and for the
rectifying of our realm, we have granted as underwritten by advice of our venerable fathers,
Stephen, archbishop of Canterbury, primate of all England and cardinal of the holy Roman
Church, Henry, archbishop of Dublin, William of London, Peter of Winchester, Jocelyn of Bath
and Glastonbury, Hugh of Lincoln, Walter of Worcester, William of Coventry, Benedict of
Rochester, bishops; of Master Pandulf, subdeacon and member of the household of our lord
the Pope, of brother Aymeric (master of the Knights of the Temple in England), and of the
illustrious men William Marshal, earl of Pembroke, William, earl of Salisbury, William, earl of
Warenne, William, earl of Arundel, Alan of Galloway (constable of Scotland), Waren Fitz
Gerold, Peter Fitz Herbert, Hubert De Burgh (seneschal of Poitou), Hugh de Neville, Matthew
Fitz Herbert, Thomas Basset, Alan Basset, Philip d'Aubigny, Robert of Roppesley, John
Marshal, John Fitz Hugh, and others, our liegemen.
1. In the first place we have granted to God, and by this our present charter confirmed for us
and our heirs forever that the English Church shall be free, and shall have her rights entire,
and her liberties inviolate; and we will that it be thus observed; which is apparent from this
that the freedom of elections, which is reckoned most important and very essential to the
English Church, we, of our pure and unconstrained will, did grant, and did by our charter
confirm and did obtain the ratification of the same from our lord, Pope Innocent III, before the
quarrel arose between us and our barons: and this we will observe, and our will is that it be
observed in good faith by our heirs forever. We have also granted to all freemen of our
kingdom, for us and our heirs forever, all the underwritten liberties, to be had and held by
them and their heirs, of us and our heirs forever.
[...]
63. Wherefore we will and firmly order that the English Church be free, and that the men in
our kingdom have and hold all the aforesaid liberties, rights, and concessions, well and
peaceably, freely and quietly, fully and wholly, for themselves and their heirs, of us and our
heirs, in all respects and in all places forever, as is aforesaid. An oath, moreover, has been
taken, as well on our part as on the part of the barons, that all these conditions aforesaid shall
be kept in good faith and without evil intent. Given under our hand - the above named and
many others being witnesses - in the meadow which is called Runnymede, between Windsor
and Staines, on the fifteenth day of June, in the seventeenth year of our reign.
Copyright © 1995-2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman
Legal and Privacy Terms
Thomas Hariot, A Brief and True Report of the New
Found Land of Virginia, directed to the investors,
farmers, and well-wishers of the project of colonizing
and planting there (1588)
Sir Walter Raleigh sent long-time associate Thomas Hariot on the first English colonizing
attempt in America with directions to categorize the wildlife, observe the native peoples, and,
upon returning to England, write his report. Hariot's loyalty to, and financial dependence on,
Raleigh ensured that his report would protect Raleigh's stake in the American colony. This
excerpt is of interest to anyone who is addicted to tobacco.
There is an herb called uppowoc, which sows itself. In the West Indies it has several names,
according to the different places where it grows and is used, but the Spaniards generally call it
tobacco. Its leaves are dried, made into powder, and then smoked by being sucked through
clay pipes into the stomach and head. The fumes purge superfluous phlegm and gross humors
from the body by opening all the pores and passages. Thus its use not only preserves the
body, but if there are any obstructions it breaks them up. By this means the natives keep in
excellent health, without many of the grievous diseases which often afflict us in England.
This uppowoc is so highly valued by them that they think their gods are delighted with it.
Sometimes they make holy fires and cast the powder into them as a sacrifice. If there is a
storm on the waters, they throw it up into the air and into the water to pacify their gods. Also,
when they set up a new weir for fish, they pour uppowoc into it. And if they escape from
danger, they also throw the powder up into the air. This is always done with strange gestures
and stamping, sometimes dancing, clapping of hands, holding hands up, and staring up into
the heavens. During this performance they chatter strange words and utter meaningless
noises.
While we were there we used to suck in the smoke as they did, and now that we are back in
England we still do so. We have found many rare and wonderful proofs of the uppowoc's
virtues, which would themselves require a volume to relate. There is sufficient evidence in the
fact that it is used by so many men and women of great calling, as well as by some learned
physicians.
Document Analysis
1. Why would Hariot praise the virtues of tobacco, claiming medicinal properties?
2. Did tobacco ever bring profit to the later Virginia colony?
Copyright © 1995-2008, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman
Legal and Privacy Terms
Chapter 1 Significant Terms
You are to define the following terms and then briefly explain their
significance…in other words…why is it important…why should we care?
1. Johann Gutenberg
2. Amerigo Vespuci
3. King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
4. Christopher Columbus
5. Juan Ponce de Leon
6. Ferdinand Magellan
7. Hernando Cortes
8. Francisco Pizarro
9. Hernando de Soto
10. Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
11. Conquistadores
12. John Cabot
13. Henry Hudson
14. Samuel de Champlain
15. Sir Walter Raleigh
16. John Rolfe
17. Powhatan
18. Columbian Exchange
19. Treaty of Tordesillas
20. Encomienda
21. mestizo
22. Puritans
23. Acts of Supremacy 1534
24. John Calvin
25. Huguenots