Now let’s FOLD!!!
1) Fold paper in half like a
hamburger.
2) Leave a small ½ inch edge
for the title:
PHASES/STATES OF MATTER
3) Cut three flaps (two cuts)
up to the fold on the short
side of the paper.
4) Label your three flaps:
SOLID, LIQUID, GAS.
States or Phases of Matter:
SOLID
Fixed, does not change
Solid: matter that has a: definite
shape + definite volume
• molecules do move slightly (vibrate)
• Incompressible: Will not squish
Ex. Legos: Def
Shape + Volume,
closely
packed..move only
slightly…SOLID
Structure:
Particles: tightly
packed,
Rigid,
Organized,
Crystalline
Liquid
Liquid: a form of matter that:
has an indefinite shape, but a
definite volume.
• Particles are held loosely
together (free to move)
• Particles can move (slide) past
one another (flow)  FLUID
• Almost incompressible
(slightly compressible)
Gas
Gas: form of matter that: has
indefinite shape + indefinite
volume.
Changes easily!!!
• Particles are spaced: far apart (fill
entire space).
• Particles easily move past one
another (flow)  FLUID!!!
• Easily compressible: Can be
squished a LOT (ex. helium tank).
• Lots of collisions and space
between particles
Plasma
• Plasma: high-energy state
in which ions exist in a gaslike form
• Gas-like properties
• Can be found in the: stars,
lightning, TV’s (Ne & Xe)
• No known material can
withstand hot, corrosive
plasma
To Review:
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
Def.
Indef.
Indef.
X
Def.
Def.
Indef.
X
Shape
Volume
Compressibility
Incomp. Incomp. Comp.
X
Make a foldable like this:
Announcements:
LAB: Observing
Physical and Chemical
Changes (on Thursday
– wear closed toe
shoes!)
PHYSICAL
PROPERTY
CHEMICAL
PROPERTY
EXTENSIVE
PROPERTY
INTENSIVE
PROPERTY
PHYSICAL
CHANGE
CHEMICAL
CHANGE
Physical &
Chemical
Properties
Physical Property

A quality or condition of a
substance that can be
observed or measured without
changing the substances
composition.
Physical Property

Examples of Physical Properties:
Solubility (if it dissolves)
Color
 Density
 Melting point

Chemical Property
The ability of a substance to
undergo a chemical reaction
and to form a new substance

Chemical Property

Examples of Chemical Properties:



Rusting
Combustion
Flammability
www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/105Achemprop.html
Physical Property (PP) or
Chemical Property (CP)?




PP
blue-gray color
brittle
insoluble (will not dissolve) in water
reacts with acid
PP
CP
PP
Extensive &
Intensive
Properties
Extensive physical properties
Physical
properties of matter that
depend on the amount of that
chemical
 Mass
 Volume
 Length
 Shape
Intensive physical properties
Physical
property of matter that
DOES NOT depend on the amount of
that chemical
 Color
 Melting
 Density
point
Physical &
Chemical
Changes
Physical Change
A change which alters a
given material without
changing its composition
(nothing new created)

Physical Change
examples:

Physical Changes
 Any
phase/state change
 Dissolving of a solid
 Crushing of a solid – change in
size/shape
Physical Changes

Dry ice sublimation
http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/104Aphysprop.html
Physical Changes

Water boiling
Physical Changes

Salt Dissolving
www.bbc.co.uk/.../reversible_irreversible4.shtml
Physical Changes

Thermal Pollution
www.earthscienceworld.org/images/search/resul...
palm.sri.com/tasks/9-12/Fishkill/
Chemical Change
aka (Chemical Reaction)

Change that occurs
when one or more
substances change into
new substances
Chemical Change

Rusting of iron
Chemical Change

Photosynthesis
http://students.salisbury.edu/~ak09850/images/photosynthesisBASIC.jpg
Chemical Change

Digestion of food
Chemical Change

Combustion (burning) of gas
Chemical Change

Clues that a chemical reaction is
occurring:
Energy is absorbed / given off (heat or light)
 Change in color or odor
 Production of a gas or solid from a liquid
 Not easily reversible
 Something NEW produced that does NOT
look like the starting reactants

A + B  Q
Physical or Chemical Change?
Bending of wire
 Milk turning sour
 Paper shredded
 Burning of coal

PC
CC
PC
CC