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Date:
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Chapter 15 Section 3: Home Front Hardships
1. Who finished Sam Houston’s term as Texas governor in 1861? Who served as governor between
the years 1861-1863? Who was elected governor in 1863?
Edward Clark; Francis R. Bullock; Pendleton Murrah
2. Why did Texas have less physical damage from the war than other southern states? Who did
most of the work on small farms in Texas while the men were fighting?
Few battles were fought in the state; women, children, and slaves
3. What were the important contributions of Rosanna Osterman and Mary Sweeny? What was
Sweeny given for her services?
Osterman: turned her luxurious Galveston home into a hospital for wounded soldiers; Sweeny:
traveled to the town of Matagorda to help restore the Union garrison to health; a Union commander
sent a wagonload of medical supplies to Brazoria County to aid the Southern ill and wounded
4. What was the war’s influence on the planting and production of corn, wheat, and cotton? What
were some items manufactured by Texas factories during the war?
Farmers were encouraged to plant more corn and wheat for the war effort and as a result, cotton
production was down across all southern states during the war years; cannons, ammo, wagons,
ambulances, blankets, shoes, tents, cloth, saddles
5. Why were goods and supplies so scarce throughout the South during the war? What were some
important items that were scarce or completely gone during the war?
The Union blockade of Confederate ports; coffee, tea, salt, baking, soda, medicines, hospital supplies
6.
What were 3 main advantages the North had over the South in the Civil War?
More soldiers, more money, more factories
7. What happened on April 9, 1865? What happened to Jefferson Davis?
Confederate General Lee surrendered his Army of Northern Virginia to Union General Grant at
Appomattox Courthouse, VA signaling the end of the Civil War; Davis was captured
8. What happened on May 13, 1865? What was the significance of this event?
The Battle of Palmito Ranch; it was the last land battle of the Civil War and occurred almost 5 weeks
after Lee had surrendered to Grant
9. How many Northerners and Southerners were killed in the war?
More than 600,000
10. What where 2 results of the North’s victory?
The Union (U.S.) had been preserved; brought an end to slavery
11. What was the Emancipation Proclamation? Who issued it?
A decree freeing enslaved people in all Confederate states; Abraham Lincoln
12. What did the 13th Amendment do? When was it ratified?
Abolished slavery; late 1865, long after Lincoln’s assassination
13. What did Texas Governor Murrah and other Texas officials do in June 1865? Why?
Fled to Mexico with other Texas officials to avoid capture by Union troops
14. What did U.S. President Andrew Johnson do to restore order in Texas after the government
collapsed and bandits freely roamed the countryside?
He appointed Andrew Jackson Hamilton as provisional governor of Texas in June 1865