Head Start of Yamhill County
Community Assessment
2015-2016
1
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................................3
Executive Summary...................................................................................................................................4
Methodology..............................................................................................................................................5
Program Overview.....................................................................................................................................6
Service Area Overview..............................................................................................................................9
Economy of Yamhill County...............................................................................................................10
Median Family Income...................................................................................................................10
Unemployment Rate.......................................................................................................................11
Annual Wages.................................................................................................................................11
Private Sector Employment............................................................................................................12
Service Area Overlap with Grand Ronde Head Start..........................................................................14
Demographics of Head Start Eligible Children.......................................................................................16
Estimated Number of Head Start Eligible Children............................................................................16
Yamhill County...............................................................................................................................16
Estimated Head Start Eligible Children by Place...........................................................................18
McMinnville School District Forecast................................................................................................20
Birth Rates...........................................................................................................................................20
Race and Ethnicity of Head Start eligible children.............................................................................21
Yamhill County...............................................................................................................................21
McMinnville, Newberg and other city-level race/ethnicity data....................................................23
Education, Health, Nutrition and Social Service Needs of Families.......................................................25
Housing & Homelessness....................................................................................................................25
ACS Housing Data.........................................................................................................................25
Homelessness..................................................................................................................................27
School District Enrollment and Homelessness...............................................................................29
Head Start Enrollment under “Homelessness” category................................................................29
Homelessness Conclusion..............................................................................................................30
211info.org Calls.....................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................31
Health..................................................................................................................................................32
Overweight and Obese Children.....................................................................................................32
Insurance Coverage........................................................................................................................33
Nutrition..............................................................................................................................................34
National School Lunch & Breakfast...............................................................................................34
WIC................................................................................................................................................35
Education, Health, Nutrition and Social Service Needs of Families as defined by Head Start families. 36
Finance and Employment....................................................................................................................36
Housing...............................................................................................................................................37
Health..................................................................................................................................................37
Nutrition..............................................................................................................................................38
Education.............................................................................................................................................38
Discussion & Conclusions.......................................................................................................................39
Directory of Community Resources........................................................................................................40
2
Introduction
Head Start is a federally funded early childhood education program that promotes the school readiness
of young children from low-income families through agencies in local communities. The Office of
Head Start administers grant funding and oversight to the agencies that provide Head Start services.
Head Start of Yamhill County is one of such local agencies, serving low-income families with children
under 5 years old in Yamhill County.
Under the Head Start Act, which authorizes Head Start and provides policy direction, local agencies
operating Head Start programs must conduct a triennial Community Assessment. The purpose of the
Community Assessment is to determine the needs of Head Start eligible families, how many Head Start
eligible children are in the program's service area, and what trends are effecting eligible children and
their families. The Community Assessment provides data and analysis that drives the planning process
for Head Start programs. It informs decisions on the location of services, hours of operation and focus
of services provided.
This Community Assessment, produced over the 2015-2016 school year, focuses on up to date
information from a variety of data sources and includes input from community partners in Yamhill
County who serve the same population. Sources include but are not limited to: Yamhill Community
Care Organization, Oregon Department of Human Services, Willamette Education Services District,
Salud WIC, Oregon Department of Education, McMinnville School District, Head Start of Grand
Ronde, Yamhill County, Bureau of Labor Statistics, the American Community Survey, the US Census
Bureau, US Department of Agriculture, and the Office of Head Start. Head Start of Yamhill County
would like to thank these organizations for their help in completion of the Community Assessment, and
their continued support for children and families in Yamhill County.
3
Executive Summary
Head Start of Yamhill County serves a community in economic recovery that has a solid foundation of
support for Head Start eligible children. Recent developments in integration of services for young
families have had a noticeable impact on the community, and have certainly helped to offset the
hardships of a difficult economic environment.
There is a general trend toward fewer children under the age of 5 in Yamhill County, and the poverty
rate for these children has improved since 2010. The result of these trends is a lower estimate for the
number of Head Start eligible children. However, the economic prospects of those families still in
poverty remains uncertain. Median family income in Yamhill County is dropping, the poverty rate is
higher than the rest of the state, and there are indicators that there is greater wealth disparity in the
county. In contrast, the number of jobs in Yamhill County has grown and the unemployment rate has
dropped. These are hopeful signs of economic recovery in the aftermath of the nationwide recession of
2007-2009.
The network of service providers in Yamhill County has risen to the challenge of supporting young
families. Over the past five years a community wide integrated services approach has met the needs of
the community in areas such as health, wellness, addiction recovery and nutrition. The expansion of the
Oregon Health Plan (Oregon's Medicaid program) has resulted in increased access to health services
for low income families. There has also been an expansion of preschool options, with public schools
offering services to over income families and plans to add even more services throughout the county.
Service providers and families themselves agree that the current needs of families lie in the very
tangible realms of economic wellbeing; with the highest number of requests for services related to
affordable housing, paying for utilities and assistance with financial hardship. It is clear that despite a
general recovery in the nation's economy, the needs of low income children and families remain ever
present.
4
Methodology
In producing this Community Assessment, Head Start of Yamhill County contracted with Early
Childhood Analytics. The methodology followed was that set forth in Five Steps to Community
Assessment: A Workbook for Head Start and Early Head Start Programs Serving Hispanic and Other
Emerging Populations produced by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Administration for Children and Families, Office of Head Start.
Various data was gathered and analyzed by Early Childhood Analytics and Head Start of Yamhill
County. This included:
•
5-year American Community Survey data produced by the United States Census Bureau
•
Bureau of Labor Analysis employment tables
•
Head Start of Yamhill County data:
◦ Program Information Reports
◦ Internal child database reports
◦ Parent surveys
◦ Interviews with staff and parents
•
Community partner data (specific organizations are named in the Introduction of this
document):
◦ Annual reports
◦ Surveys and interviews
5
•
Oregon Department of Education enrollment data
•
McMinnville School District enrollment data and enrollment forecast
Program Overview
Head Start of Yamhill County began serving HS children and families of Yamhill County in 1985.
HSYC employs a Combination Model with two options, one for three-year-olds and one for four-yearolds. Three-year-old children meet in a classroom for three hours per day, twice a week, and receive
two education/social service (one-and-a-half hour in length) home visits a month. Four- year-old
children meet four hours per day, three days a week, with one education home visit per month (oneand-a-half hour in length). Families of four-year-olds receive at least four social service home visits,
with more intensive supports for families in crisis. Classes are held in four centers located in the cities
of McMinnville, Dayton, Newberg and Sheridan. Transportation is offered to all participants except
those in rural Yamhill-Carlton, and children whose families do not live in the same community where
the children attend the center. Services are provided over the approximate nine-month school year.
In 2009, HSYC began offering services to 48 Early Head Start families. To address the large waiting
list for EHS participation, HSYC expanded services through a conversion of 40 federal preschool slots
to 29 EHS slots for services beginning September 2014. Additionally, HSYC was chosen to provide
EHS services to 20 Maternal Infant Early Childhood Home Visiting participants through the Oregon
Health Authority beginning July 2014. All EHS services include one weekly one-and-a-half hour home
visit and two monthly two-hour socializations for parents and children. EHS socializations take place
in Dayton, Newberg, Sheridan, and McMinnville centers. Transportation to the socializations is
provided. Services are provided over the entire year.
In 2015, HSYC licensed all of its centers for child care as a component of applying for the Oregon
Early Learning Division’s Quality Rating Improvement Scale system- a program commitment to
quality. Although HSYC does not provide child care, the licensing of centers through the Child Care
Division of Oregon Department of Human Services is a requirement to obtain a QRIS rating. All four
of HSYC’s centers received a 5-star (the highest) rating.
Major Community Updates
Since the printing of the 2012 HSYC Community Assessment, several community developments have
changed the way Yamhill County supports adults, children, and families who experience poverty. As a
result of these developing systems, HSYC staff, Board members, and community partners have been
working in concert to affect the health, well-being, education, and connectedness of the County’s most
vulnerable citizens. The two largest developments include the Yamhill Community Care Organization
(YCCO) and its Early Learning Hub. Both were mandated by the Oregon legislature in an effort
transform traditionally ‘siloed’ systems to a focus of addressing community need through the
development of coordinated and efficient systems.
The YCCO supports the delivery of care to Yamhill County Medicaid recipients and those who provide
services to Medicaid recipients. This has been increasingly critical with the nation-wide
implementation of the Affordable Care Act, which has also strengthened services for HSYC children
6
and families. The YCCO is a non-profit that:

Integrates physical and mental health services;

Brings new models of care that are patient‐centered and team‐focused;

Is local enough to be relevant and large enough to be financially sustainable;

Is locally governed by persons in the community, social service providers and local health care
providers; and

Has a Community Advisory Council (CAC) that helps look at the community’s health care
needs and recommend transformative changes from the Medicaid-users’ perspective.
Yamhill Early Learning Hub (YELH), which is an advisory of the YCCO, facilitates community work
for coordinated and aligned services to improve outcomes for children. The Early Learning Hub model
builds on existing community resources and assets, while also asking tough questions about what could
be done differently to get better results, especially for at-risk children. The YELH’s mandated outcomes
include: healthy, stable and attached families; improved kindergarten readiness; and coordinated and
efficient systems. The YELH’s five core responsibilities include:

Collaboration across all programs and sectors for collective community accountability;

Identification of the children in each community who would benefit from additional support;

Partnerships with families to identify their unique and specific needs;

Linking families with services and providers who can best address their needs; and

Accountability for outcomes collectively and cost effectively.
As a direct result of Hub and YCCO work to strengthen community collaboration to improve the lives
of our most vulnerable citizens through a wellness and prevention approach, the following have been
implemented in the last three years:
7

A Family Place Relief Nursery (AFP) which provides therapeutic classrooms and home visiting
for 2- and 3-year-olds throughout Yamhill County. They work with the most at-risk children and
their families; particularly those who have experienced trauma and mental health issues.
Additionally, Yamhill County Health & Human Services transitioned the Health Families
America program to Lutheran Community Services’ AFP, who were able to expand funding to
serve more participants beginning July 1, 2015.

The Family C0RE (Coordinated 0-3 Referral Exchange) has developed as a centralized clearing
house for referrals to home visiting programs from the medial and general Yamhill County
community for families in need. HSYC is a founding and regular member/ referral of the
Family C0RE. Family C0RE participants now also include Provoking Hope, a non-profit that
supports families in the process of addictions recovery.
8

The McMinnville School District (MSD) continues to use Title I funds to operate 4-year-old
preschool programs in the three of their district neighborhoods. They serve children in a 4-daya-week program. They do not compete with HSYC, but over-income children on the HSYC
wait-list are directed to the MSD.

The Newberg School District (NSD) expanded their migrant preschool opportunity to a 5-daya-week program for 4-year-olds. They do not compete with HSYC, but over-income children on
the HSYC wait-list are directed to the NSD. They have since secured Title I funding to provide
preschool services to the general population.

The Sheridan School District has secured funding for a preschool program and will begin
offering services in fall 2016, following the models and successes of MSD and NSD.

Federal pass-through Kindergarten Partnership and Innovation funds from Oregon Early
Learning Division to the YELH allowing each school district in Yamhill County to provide
Ready! For Kindergarten workshops for preschool families, enhanced transition experiences for
HSYC families to the public schools (through kindergarten staffing funding), and kindergartenreadiness events at elementary schools.

Outside of the local, grassroots coordination efforts in the county, the Office of Head Start
provided funding to the Oregon Child Development Coalition to begin migrant-seasonal
services to 16 migrant EHS children in Yamhill County effective June 1, 2015. Their expected
date to begin services is summer 2016. As the number of Yamhill County members involved in
migratory agricultural work is minimal and does not include workers with families in the area,
OCDC will focus their services on seasonal agricultural workers’ child care needs for infants
and toddlers. HSYC has brought OCDC into the folds of the YELH to ensure OCDC
understands the Yamhill community focus of cooperation and collaboration among service
providers to meet the overarching goals that define the work of community partnerships.
Service Area Overview
Yamhill County is located in the far southwest portion of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA
Metropolitan Statistical Area and northwest of Salem, Oregon, the state's capital. Principal cities in the
county include Newberg, where Head Start of Yamhill County has a center serving 80 children, and
McMinnville, the county seat, where the program has a center serving 170 children along with it's
Administrative offices.
While much of the county is rural, McMinnville has experienced significant growth, going from about
26,500 residents in 2000 to 32,839 as of the 2014 American Community Survey, 24% growth over 14
years. For comparison purposes, the state as a whole grew about 14% over the same time period.
Newberg has experienced similar growth; 24% over 2000 to 2014. Due to its closer proximity to
Portland, Newberg is becoming an attractive, small town option for commuters working in the Portland
Metropolitan area. Most communities closer to Portland (those east and north of McMinnville) have
experienced rapid growth. Such communities include Newberg, Lafayette, Dundee, Dayton, Yamhill
and Carlton; all of which show more than 20% growth since 2000. The southwest portion of the county
is less densely populated and has experienced less growth. Sheridan, the largest community in this
portion of the county, has a population of 6,081 as of the 2014 ACS, up 9.4% from 2000. Other
communities in this area include Amity, which grew by only 6.1% and Willamina, which experienced
contraction in its population over the same period. Grand Ronde is also in the western region of the
county, but due to a change in its geographic designation its population in 2000 is not comparable to its
population in 2014. Its growth from 2010 to 2014, when its geographic designation remained
consistent, was 13.6%.
9
Economy of Yamhill County
The major industries of the county are agriculture, forest products, manufacturing, and education.
Yamhill County is a major center of wine production, with over 80 wineries and 200 vineyards. It also
is home to Linfield College and Chemeketa Community College in McMinnville, and George Fox
University and Portland Community College in Newberg. The economy of the western portion of the
county is based around logging and timber products.
The economy of Yamhill County is attempting to recover from previous recession. Positive signs
include:

A dropping unemployment rate and poverty rate for young families.

Total employment has increased from a 10 year low of 25,918 private sector jobs in 2009 to
31,686 in 2015.
However, Median Family Income has declined by 7.6% over the past 5 years and average annual wages
for a worker have remained largely stagnant, growing only 1.7% over 2010 to 2014.
There has been contraction or slower growth in employment levels in the “Goods-Produced”
employment categories, most notably a decline in construction jobs in Yamhill County from 2005
levels. Significant job growth can be found in “Service Providing” categories including Education &
Health Services as well as Leisure & Hospitality Services.
Median Family Income
Data from the 5-Year American Community Survey indicates that the median family income in Yamhill
County has dropped when inflation is taken into account. In 2014 dollars median family income has
gone from $66,120 in 2010 to $61,071 in 2014, a 7.6% decline. For comparison purposes, inflation
adjusted Median Family Income for Oregon as a whole dropped from $64,914 to $62,671 over the
same time period, a 4.7% decrease
10
Unemployment Rate
Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) shows an economic recovery occurring in both Yamhill
County and Oregon as a whole. Both show a dropping unemployment rate from double digits in 2010.
A 2015 annual average unemployment rate for Yamhill County was unavailable at the time this report
was published. The preliminary unemployment rate for Yamhill County for December of 2015 was 5%.
Annual Wages
BLS data shows an increase in the average annual wage for workers in Yamhill County from a 10 year
low of 30,219 in 2010 to 33,056 in 2014; an increase of 9.39% over 5 years. The state of Oregon has a
higher average annual income of 46,529 in 2014, up from 41,675 in 2010. This data reflects the
average annual income of a worker in Yamhill County and Oregon. It differs from the median family
income in the ACS in that it represents the average annual wage of a single worker, while the ACS's
median family income represents the median annual income for a family, which may include more than
one income earner.
11
Private
Sector Employment
The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes employment statistics in its Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages for all counties in the United States. A snippet of data for Yamhill County is in the table
below. The table includes private sector employment only, which represents 87.6% of all employment
in Yamhill County. Federal, state and local level government employment represents the remaining
12.4% of employment.
Some of the more important employment categories for Yamhill County are Manufacturing (20.6% of
2014 private sector employment); Education and Health Service (18% in 2014); Trade, Transportation
& Utilities (14.6% in 2014); Natural Resources & Mining (10% in 2014); Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing
& Hunting (9.8% in 2014); and Leisure & Hospitality (9.8% in 2014).
There was a general contraction of total people employed in the private sector in Yamhill County from
2005 to 2010, a drop of 4.8%, followed by a recovery from 2010 to 2014 with a 12.4% increase in
private sector employment. This trend is consistent with other economic indicators for Yamhill County.
Employment categories that have experienced significant changes include:
12

Education and Health Services – private employment in this category grew by 23.4% from 2005
to 2014; a total gain of 1,079 jobs.

Construction – private employment in this category contracted sharply from 2005 to 2010,
shrinking by 34.7% only to recover by 14.3% from 2010 to 2014. The net change from 2005 to
2014 was a loss of 460 construction jobs, or a contraction of 25.4%.

Manufacturing – private employment in this category gained 579 jobs from 2005 to 2014, or
9.7% growth.

Leisure and Hospitality – this category gained 595 jobs from 2005 to 2014, or 23.6% growth.

Many important categories exhibited growth rates that were less than total employment growth
for Yamhill County, which was 7% from 2005 to 2014. These include:
◦ Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting – 5.5% growth from 2005 to 2014, or 163
additional jobs.
◦ Natural Resources and Mining – 4.9% growth from 2005 to 2014; 148 additional jobs.
◦ Trade, Transportation and Utilities – 3% growth from 2005 to 2014; 136 additional jobs.
13
Service Area Overlap with Grand Ronde Head Start
Head Start of Yamhill County shares the western portion of its service area with Grand Ronde Head
Start. Grand Ronde Head Start is a Region XI American Indian/Alaska Native program operated by the
Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde, a federally recognized Native American Tribe with lands in
Yamhill County and neighboring Polk County. Grand Ronde Head Start is funded to serve 20 center
based Head Start children, 8 center based Early Head Start children, and 14 Early Head Start children
14
in the home-based option. The program's center is located to the west of Sheridan in Grand Ronde,
Oregon. Since they are an AI/AN program, their focus is on serving children and families enrolled in
the tribe. Typically about half of children enrolled in Grand Ronde Head Start live in the Sheridan and
Willamina area and are bused to the Grand Ronde center. Most of these children are tribal members.
98% of Grand Ronde's overall enrollment in both EHS and HS is American Indian or Alaska Native.
There is a collaborative agreement between the two programs giving Grand Ronde priority when
recruiting tribally enrolled children in the Sheridan and Willamina area. These families still have the
option to enroll in either Head Start of Yamhill County or Grand Ronde Head Start. Since Grand Ronde
operates a full day program, many families that are not American Indian/Alaska Native are on Grand
Ronde Head Start's wait-list in the Sheridan and Willamina area.
Below is a map showing the approximate overlap in service area between the two programs in
southwestern Yamhill County. Head Start of Yamhill County serves children in Willamina, Sheridan
and Amity (to the east) in the red oval while Grand Ronde Head Start serves children in Grand Ronde,
Willamina and Sheridan in the green oval. The color coding shows the concentration of estimated Head
Start eligible children by zip code.
15
Demographics of Head Start Eligible Children
Estimated Number of Head Start Eligible Children
The American Community Survey (ACS), produced by the United States Census Bureau, publishes a
poverty rate for families with children under the age of 5. This poverty rate, along with other data from
the ACS can be used to produce an estimate for the number of Head Start eligible children living in
Yamhill County and each individual community within Yamhill County. The method used to create a
derived estimate from Census Data is as follows:
[Total population (ACS table S0101)] x [percent of the population under the age of 5 (ACS table
S0101)] x [poverty rate for families with children under the age of 5] x .4
Each of these estimates has a margin of error which is available at the full data set linked in the
bibliography.
Yamhill County
30
25
Oregon Poverty
Rate for Young
Families
Poverty Rate for
Young Families
20
15
10
5
0
2009
16
2010
2011
2012
2013
Demographic highlights from the 5-Year ACS:





Yamhill County Population – 5.23% increase over 6 years
Oregon population growth at 4.64% for same time period
Population of children under 5 shrank by 5.77% from 2009 to 2014
Estimated HS eligible population: -14.3% from 2009 to 2014
Head Start of Yamhill County served approximately 64% of eligible children in 2014-2015
Based on 2014 5-year ACS data, the estimated number of Head Start eligible children in Yamhill
county is 557 children. This is down from 681 children in 2010. The decline in this estimate is driven
by a decrease in the percentage of the population that is under the age of 5 and a decrease in the
poverty rate for families with children under 5.
Head Start of Yamhill County served 356 children in the 2014-2015 school year, a cumulative
enrollment that is 64% of the estimated Head Start eligible population in Yamhill County. For
comparison purposes, all Head Start programs in the state of Oregon served 12,613 Head Start children
in 2014-2015 (excluding children enrolled AI/AN, EHS and Migrant Seasonal Head Start programs), a
cumulative enrollment of about 64% of the state's estimated Head Start eligible population of 19,606.
The poverty rate for families with children under the age of 5 has increased dramatically since 2000,
going from 11.4% to 23.1% in 2014. There has been a decline in this poverty rate in recent years, from
26.2% in 2010 to 23.1% in 2014. In 2000 Yamhill County had a lower poverty rate than the rest of the
state. Since 2009 at the latest Yamhhill County has had a higher poverty rate for young families than
the rest of the state. Since then the state's poverty rate and Yamhill County's poverty rate have steadily
converged.
In spite of a decline in the estimated number of Head Start eligible children in Yamhill County, there is
still a significant number of children in the service area that may qualify for Head Start but do not
17
receive services from the program. Approximately 36% of estimated Head Start eligible children in
Yamhill County do not enroll in the program.
Estimated Head Start Eligible Children by Place
Population and poverty rate estimates are also available at the city and town level. It should be noted
that smaller communities tend to have higher margins of error in their estimates due to smaller
representative samples. In some cases no estimate is available at all or the estimate is unreliable. Full
margins of error are available in the data set at the US Census Bureau's website.
McMinnville
Newberg
Lafayette
Dundee
Dayton
Amity
Sheridan
Willamina
Grand Ronde
Yamhill
Carlton
Yamhill County
Poverty rate for families with children under the age of 5
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
26.4%
30.8%
23.0%
32.6%
27.0%
40.2%
30.4%
36.4%
24.8%
23.8%
N/A
N/A
N/A
4.0%
5.5%
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
6.2%
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
36.7%
31.6%
31.6%
22.2%
44.4%
60.9%
34.0%
23.7%
22.7%
33.7%
36.3%
31.9%
29.3%
85.2%
83.3%
N/A
N/A
N/A
3.1%
4.1%
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
25.0%
33.3%
35.9%
31.6%
25.4%
26.2%
22.3%
23.5%
21.3%
0.08
0.06
0.33
Housing Related
Utilities Assistance
0.17
Food
Health/Dental
Other
0.36
18
2014
31.3%
27.3%
5.9%
5.7%
9.1%
N/A
31.9%
51.7%
11.4%
N/A
33.3%
23.1%
McMinnville
Newberg
Lafayette
Dundee
Dayton
Amity
Sheridan
Willamina
Grand Ronde
Yamhill
Carlton
2009
242
267
N/A
N/A
N/A
19
71
36
N/A
N/A
N/A
Estimated Head Start eligible children
2010
2011
2012
293
202
297
201
232
158
N/A
N/A
6
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
15
12
8
48
35
30
0
0
1
N/A
N/A
2
N/A
N/A
N/A
11
13
19
2013
242
138
9
6
N/A
13
41
1
3
N/A
22
2014
259
184
9
4
9
N/A
40
1
5
N/A
14
Among the larger communities:
19

McMinnville's population of estimated Head Start eligible children has remained stable over
2009 to 2014. Overall, the population has grown and the poverty rate for young families has
remained at around 30% over the past 6 years. The percentage of the population that is under 5
has shrunk at the same time, from 7.5% to 6.3%. These three factors have kept the estimated
Head Start eligible population between 200 and 300 children since 2009 with no clear trend
either up nor down.

Newberg's population of estimated Head Start eligible children has steadily shrunk over 2009 to
2014. The driving factor in this trend has been a decrease in the poverty rate for young families,
from 40.2% in 2009 to 27.3% in 2014. Both the population and the percentage of the population
under the age of 5 has remained steady. The percentage of the population under the age of 5 was
7.5% in 2009 and 7.5% in 2014, though it was as high as 7.7% in 2010 and as low as 6.5% in
2013.

Sheridan, the third largest community in Yamhill County, experienced a decline in its estimated
number of Head Start eligible children over 2009 to 2014. This is due to a very high poverty
rate for young families in 2009 at 60.9%, which shrunk to 34% in 2010 and ended at 31.9% in
2014. The margin of error for the 2009 poverty rate is +/- 22.7%, indicating that the poverty rate
for young families may be overstated for that year. Checking this data against Sheridan's
population of children under 5 in poverty by race seems to confirm a trend toward a shrinking
eligible population. From 2009 to 2014 the number of all children under 5 in poverty declined
by 32.5%, from 114 to 77. This data tends to have high margins of error, also. Attaining full
enrollment at the Sheridan center is not a problem however. 61 children have been enrolled
from the Sheridan, Willamina, Amity and Grand Ronde area as of December 2015.
McMinnville School District Forecast
Portland State University conduced an enrollment forecast for McMinnville School District in 2015.
McMinnville School District serves children in McMinnville and Lafayette, two communities in
Yamhill County which have experienced significant growth since 2000. The forecast highlights a peak
in births in the school district from 2005 to 2008, which have since declined. This is consistent with
Census data for children under age of 5, which showed a peak in 2009 and a subsequent decline in the
percentage of the population under the age of 5.
The forecast predicts continued decline in the number of kindergarten through 12th grade children
enrolled in the school district, from an actual enrollment of 3,021 children in the 2014-2015 school year
to a forecasted 2,963 children in the 2019-2020 school year. The 2024-2025 school year forecasted
enrollment is 3,113 children.
These forecasts are based on fertility rates, which have been generally declining, and a forecasted
increase in total births due to positive net migration. If this occurs then Yamhill County can expect an
increase in the number of children under the age of 5 perhaps as early as 2020.
Birth Rates
Birth rates in Yamhill County have remained fairly stable, with a drop in 2012 and 2013 and a
subsequent rebound in 2014. The total number of children born over 2010 to 2014 was 5,575, all of
whom would have been approximately under the age of 5. The estimate for the number of children
under 5 derived from the 2014 5-Year ACS is 6,029. The difference is perhaps explained by margins of
error or the net effect of in-migration to the county, which is predicted by the McMinnville School
District Forecast. Assuming that the children represented in Yamhill County birthrates were the only
children under 5 in the county, then the estimated number of Head Start eligible children would be 515
(based on the 2014 5-year ACS poverty rate for young families of 23.1%.) This is close to the other
estimate of 557, based on 2014 5-year ACS population data.
20
Race and Ethnicity of Head Start eligible children
Yamhill County
The ACS produces estimates for the number of children in poverty by race. The portion of
Hispanic/Latino children who are in poverty has risen, from 26% of all children under 5 in poverty in
2009 to 38% in 2014. Concurrently the number of children in poverty who are white dropped
significantly and at a faster rate (-30% over 2009-2014) than the overall number of children in poverty
(-22% over 2009-2014). This appears to indicate that the drop in the poverty rate for young families is
occurring among white families, while the number of Hispanic and Latino children in poverty grows.
Poverty Status in the past 12 months by
race/ethnicity – Children under 5
From B17001 tables A-I
Yamhill County, Oregon
White alone, not Hispanic/Latino
Hispanic or Latino
Black/African American
AI/AN
Asian
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
Some other race alone
Two or more races
Total
Poverty Status in the past 12 months by
race/ethnicity – Children under 5
From B17001 tables A-I
Yamhill County, Oregon
White alone, not Hispanic/Latino
Hispanic or Latino
Black/African American
AI/AN
Asian
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
Some other race alone
Two or more races
Total
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
986 884 604 588 728 695
522 598 511 658 457 605
0
0
0
0
0
0
51
39
39
37
0
0
7
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
344 385 243 218 153 227
100
53
55
48
39
50
2010 1965 1452 1549 1377 1577
Derived estimates from
Census
Head Start of Yamhill County
2010 PIR % 2015 PIR %
2009 3 & 4 % 2014 3 & 4 %
of total
of total
of Total
of Total
2010 PIR 2015 PIR enrollment enrollment
49.05%
44.07%
193
178
40.63%
43.41%
25.97%
38.36%
131
175
27.58%
42.68%
0.00%
0.00%
3
7
0.63%
1.71%
2.54%
0.00%
6
3
1.26%
0.73%
0.35%
0.00%
1
1
0.21%
0.24%
0.00%
0.00%
0
0
0.00%
0.00%
17.11%
14.39%
132
10
27.79%
2.44%
4.98%
3.17%
9
36
1.89%
8.78%
100.00%
100.00%
475
410
100.00%
100.00%
A similar trend can be found in Head Start of Yamhill County's enrollment data from Program
Information Reports (PIR). The number of white children enrolled in the program dropped from the
2009-2010 school year to the 2014-2015 school year, from 193 to 178. The number of Hispanic/Latino
21
children increased over the same time period, from 131 to 175. These two groups combined made up
86% of the program's cumulative enrollment in the 2014-2015 school year.
The shift in the racial/ethnic makeup of Yamhill County is also reflected in the number of Spanish
speaking families that Head Start of Yamhill County serves. There has been a 10% point increase in the
portion of the families that speak Spanish at home. Additionally, program staff have said that
preliminary numbers for the 2015-2016 school year indicate that this percentage will rise to above 40%
this year.
22
McMinnville, Newberg and other city-level race/ethnicity data
Breaking down the racial/ethnic make-up of the service area by community highlights a few local
trends. While the margins of error make data on the smaller communities less reliable, McMinnville
and Newberg are large enough to provide reliable data. McMinnville has experienced a reverse of the
county-wide trend. The population of white children under the age of 5 living in poverty has increased
over the past 4 years, while that of Hispanic or Latino children has shrunk over the past 3 years.
Poverty Status in the past 12 months by race/ethnicity – Children under 5
From B17001 tables A-I
McMinnville city, Oregon
White alone, not Hispanic/Latino
Hispanic or Latino
Black/African American
AI/AN
Asian
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
Some other race alone
Two or more races
Total
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
365 389 179 237 383 465
367 453 354 477 322 288
0
0
0
0
0
0
51
39
39
37
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
208 250 139 103
84
84
20
0
0
14
10
15
1011 1131 711 868 799 852
Poverty Status in the past 12 months by race/ethnicity – Children under 5
From B17001 tables A-I
Newberg city, Oregon
White alone, not Hispanic/Latino
Hispanic or Latino
Black/African American
AI/AN
Asian
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
Some other race alone
Two or more races
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
367 222 230 136 123
75
74
49
87
89
58 214
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
74
49
46
47
10
73
522 326 363 272 191 362
The racial/ethnic makeup of Newberg's population of children under 5 in poverty has changed
drastically. The number of children under 5 in poverty who are white dropped by about 80% from 2009
23
to 2014. For Hispanic/Latino children the number increased by 189% over the same time period. It
should be noted that the majority of this increase occurred over 1 year from 2013 to 2014, indicating
that wide margins of error may be distorting the data. However, racial/ethnic data for all residents of
Newberg also indicate a growing Hispanic/Latino population in the city. Over 6 years this population
grew by 13.8%, from 2,902 in 2009 to 3,302 in 2014. Additionally, program staff has indicated that the
Newberg center has a continuously growing wait-list of Head Start eligible Hispanic/Latino families,
and that the number of Spanish speaking families at this center has grown significantly.
The population of children under 5 in poverty has declined in both Sheridan and Willamina over 2009
to 2014. This data can be less reliable since it is for a smaller population, but coupled with other ACS
data it appears that the trend is indeed occurring. The biggest drops are in the white population that is
under 5 and in poverty.
Poverty Status in the past 12 months by race/ethnicity – Children under 5
From B17001 tables A-I
Sheridan city, Oregon
White alone, not Hispanic/Latino
Hispanic or Latino
Black/African American
AI/AN
Asian
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
Some other race alone
Two or more races
Total
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
62
62
21
37
58
0
0
0
14
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
52
24
28
14
21
114
86
49
65
92
Percent
change 20092014 2014
40
-35.48%
14
N/A
0
N/A
0
N/A
0
N/A
0
N/A
0
N/A
23
-55.77%
77
Poverty Status in the past 12 months by race/ethnicity – Children under 5
From B17001 tables A-I
Willamina city, Oregon
White alone, not Hispanic/Latino
Hispanic or Latino
Black/African American
AI/AN
Asian
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
Some other race alone
Two or more races
Total
24
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
39
33
26
37
32
12
10
12
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
28
29
12
10
0
79
72
50
57
32
Percent
change 20092014 2014
26
-33.33%
0
-100.00%
0
N/A
0
N/A
0
N/A
0
N/A
0
N/A
0
-100.00%
26
-67.09%
Education, Health, Nutrition and Social Service Needs of
Families
Housing & Homelessness
An emerging trend in Yamhill County has been a need for affordable housing. Multiple data sources
point to this, from increased requests from the public for housing related services to economic data
indicating increased rents in the area.
ACS Housing Data
The ACS produces data on housing. Median rent in Yamhill County is rising at a faster rate than the
rest of the state, going from $841 to $904 per month in 5 years, an increase of 7.4%. Over the same
period median rent for Oregon as a whole went up 4.6% to $894 per month in 2014. Yamhill County's
median rent surpassed that of Oregon starting in 2013 after being exactly the same in 2012.
The ACS also tracks gross rent as a percentage of household income, which is an important metric for
housing affordability. Typically, a household can be defined as “rent overburdened” if it spends more
than 30% of its monthly income on rent. In 2010, just under 49.6% of households were paying more
than 30% of their income toward rent, or 4,699 households out of 10,038. In 2014 52.8% of households
paid 30% or more of their income toward rent, or 5,650 households out of 11,153.
For comparison purposes, here is a table comparing the percentage of households paying more than
25
30% of their income toward rent for both Yamhill County and Oregon. Yamhill County consistently has
a lower portion of households that can be defined as rent overburdened.
The fastest growing category for Yamhill County by percentage of all households was those households
paying 35% or more of their income toward rent. This category gained 3.6 percentage points from 2010
(at 41.7% of households,) to 2014 (at 45.3% of households.) Those paying 15 to 19.9% of their income
toward rent dropped the most in terms of percentage points, from 14.9% in 2010 to 11.5% in 2014. By
percentage growth the 35% or more and 15 to 19.9% group are growing the fastest, at 22.7% and
38.3% respectively.
26
Homelessness
There are three reliable sources of quantitative data regarding the number of homeless children,
families and individuals in Yamhill County:

Yamhill County's point in time homelessness count – only available for 2009-2012 and 2015

Oregon Department of Education: enrollment by county – homeless students

Head Start of Yamhill County – children enrolled under the “homeless” eligibility category
Point in time homelessness counts are compiled by Oregon Housing and Community Services. Yamhill
County's point in time homelessness count was only available for select years at the time of writing.
Yamhill County's Ten Year Ending Homelessness Plan has data on the homeless population from 2009
to 2012 in the graph below.
Illustration
1: Yamhill County - 10 Year Ending Homelessness Plan
This graph shows a trend upward in the population of homeless children, from just under 100 in 2009
to over 400 in 2012. Since then the number of children has dropped to 169 in 2015. (Updated 2015
27
point in time homelessness count data was available from Oregon Housing and Community
Services.)The total count of homeless persons in Yamhill County was at 495 in 2015, down from over
800 in 2012. This downward trend is in accordance with state-wide trends, where the total homeless
population has dropped from 17,254 in 2011 to 13,176 in 2015.
The 2015 point in time homelessness count distinguishes between sheltered and unsheltered (meaning
they are living outside) homeless people. It further gathers data on various characteristics such as age,
gender, race, ethnicity, veteran status, and disability status. Of particular interest are those categories
which matter most to Head Start (persons under 18 and total family households). For these populations
the rate of sheltered homelessness is higher than that of the rest of the state; meaning a smaller
percentage of homeless children and families were sleeping outside as of the 2015 point in time
homelessness count when compared to Oregon as a whole. 169 homeless people under the age of 18
were counted in Yamhill County's point in time homelessness count in 2015. Of these 54% were
sheltered, compared to 44% for homeless people under 18 in Oregon as a whole. 52% of homeless
families in Yamhill County were sheltered, compared to only 49% of homeless families in Oregon as a
whole.
28
School District Enrollment and Homelessness
The Oregon Department of Education collects data on the number of homeless children enrolled by
school district. While the 2015 point in time homelessness count identified 169 homeless people under
the age of 18, Yamhill County school districts reported 512 enrolled students who were homeless out of
a total enrollment of 16,625 in the 2014 to 2015 school year. This number is up from 476 in the 2012 to
2013 school year. Both Yamhill County school districts and school districts in the state of Oregon as a
whole experienced a fast increase in their enrolled population that was homeless from '12-'13 to '13-'14.
Yamhill County's population of enrolled homeless students increased by 14.9% over this period, while
Oregon's increased by 4.8%. Oregon experienced slower growth in its population of enrolled homeless
students from '13-'14 to '14-'15 and Yamhill County's shrunk.
Head Start Enrollment under “Homelessness” category
Head Start has federally mandated eligibility requirements for it's enrolled population. Up to 10% of
enrolled Head Start children may be over income and the rest must qualify as living under the poverty
line or must qualify under one of three categories:

The child's family is a recipient of public cash assistance such as Supplemental Security Income
(SSI) or Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF).

The child is in foster care.

The child's family is homeless.
Head Start programs track and report eligibility categories for enrolled children. Typically only one
category may be selected. For instance, a child's family may be homeless and receive public cash
assistance but for reporting purposes only one of those two categories will be selected. This can result
in under reporting of any given category. Therefore, enrollment reports by eligibility category are not a
perfect way to determine the number of homeless families in a program, but it does provide a minimum
number of homeless families with children under the age of 5. Below are the number of homeless
children enrolled in Head Start of Yamhill County and in Head Start programs in the entirety of
Oregon. The figure for the rest of Oregon exclude Early Head Start, Migrant/Seasonal Head, and
AI/AN Head Start for comparison purposes.
29
Homelessness Conclusion
Head Start of Yamhill County and school districts in Yamhill County both reported a spike in homeless
enrolled children in the 2013 to 2014 school year. Yamhill County school districts saw a 14.9%
increase in homeless children from the previous school year and Head Start of Yamhill County reported
a 5 year high of 69 homeless children for '13-'14. The following year the number of enrolled homeless
children dropped for both Yamhill County school districts and Head Start of Yamhill County.
The same statistics for Oregon as a whole showed similar trends with growth in the homeless
population in the '13-'14 school year. Head Start programs in Oregon showed an increase in it's
homeless population from '12-'13 to '13-'14. However the low number of reported '12-'13 homeless
children may be an outlier. School Districts in Oregon have reported accelerated growth in their
enrolled children who are homeless over the past 3 school years, increasing by 4.8% from '12-'13 to
'13-'14 and by 8% from '13-'14 to '14-'15. Homelessness has been a growing issue in Yamhill County
and the entire state of Oregon over the past few years.
30
211info.org Calls
211info is an Oregon-wide organization that connects the public to various resources, agencies and
programs such as non-profits, governments and faith-based services. Members of the public can call
into 211info to connect with a variety of services, from food assistance, to health and dental related
services. 211Info publishes reports on calls coming from Yamhill County classified by the service
requested going back to October of 2014 through to December 2015. Analyzing the number of calls
made in Yamhill, most of the 2,892 calls made were related to some form of utilities payment
assistance at 36.21%. The next highest category was any call related to housing assistance at 32.7%.
Housing assistance includes assistance with rent or rent deposit, shelter and referral to subsidized
housing agencies and programs.
0.08
0.06
0.33
Housing Related
Utilities Assistance
0.17
Food
Health/Dental
Other
0.36
31
Health
A Community Health Assessment conducted Yamhill Community Care Organization identified a
number of health issues of concern to the community. A number of these concerns directly impact Head
Start eligible children and their families:













Adult and Child Obesity*
Mentally Unhealthy Days*
Children in Poverty*
Uninsured Adults*
Illicit Drug Use
Access to Healthy Foods
Unemployment
Inadequate Social Support
Teen Birth Rate
Dental Cases in Emergency Departments
Smoking/Secondhand Smoke
Binge Drinking
Lack of Access to Primary Care Providers
*Top health indicators identified as Community Health Improvement Plan priorities
Overweight and Obese Children
A 2015 Healthy Teens survey found that a higher percentage of Yamhill County 8th and 11th graders are
overweight compared to the state of Oregon as a whole, though this percentage is down from previous
levels. The same survey showed that the percentage of obese teens in Yamhill County was less than that
of the rest of the state.
32
The Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance Survey (PedNSS) in 2011 found that 14.9% of of low-income 2
and 4 year olds in Oregon were obese. This is up from 14.3% in 2006. Unfortunately, no reliable
county level data could be found on obesity rates for children under the age of 5.
Insurance Coverage
The 5-Year ACS has published data on health insurance coverage by age since 2012. Since then, the
percentage of children under 6 who are covered by health insurance has steadily increased in Yamhill
County from 89.75% in 2012 to 93.1% in 2014. This expansion in coverage is likely due to the
implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010; of which most major
provisions were phased in by January of 2014. The Act mandated insurance coverage and required
insurance companies to cover all applicants within new minimum standards and offer the same rates
regardless of pre-existing conditions or sex. Among those changes which likely impacted Head Start
eligible families include:

Expansion of Medicaid eligibility to families with incomes up to 133% of the federal poverty
level. Head Start income eligible families are those with income up to 100% of the federal
poverty level. Yamhill Community Care Organization (YCCO), which is a Coordinated Care
Organization that serves Oregon Health Plan (OHP) members in Yamhill County, reported a
40% increase in enrollees from December 2013 to April 2014, from 15,217 to 21,581. They
attributed this increase to the expansion of Medicaid.

A sliding scale premium cap on health insurance cost and subsidies for low income families
who purchase their health insurance via a government exchange.
For comparison purposes, the percentage of children under the age of 6 who were covered by health
insurance in Oregon as a whole increased from 92.7% in 2012 to 94.7% in 2014. In all three years for
which we have data, the percentage of Yamhill County's population under 6 that is insured has been
slightly less than that of the rest of the state.
33
Nutrition
The County Health Rankings & Roadmaps program publishes health data for counties across the
country. As of 2010 Yamhill County is tied for 4th among the counties in Oregon with the best access to
healthy foods. Only 4% of the population in Yamhill County as having limited access to healthy foods,
which is defined as those who are low-income and do not live close to a grocery store. Comparatively,
5% of the entire population of Oregon has limited access to healthy foods.
National School Lunch & Breakfast
Select schools in Sheridan, McMinnville and Newberg school districts and all schools in Willamina and
Dayton School Districts are eligible to participate in the National School Lunch & Breakfast program,
“Community Eligibility Provision”(CEP). CEP allows schools that predominantly serve low-income
children to offer each enrolled student free, nutritious school meals. Schools eligible under this
provision are reimbursed by the federal government at a rate of 1.6 times the percentage of their
enrolled population deemed eligible for free school meals due to their enrollment in designated
assistance programs. This identified population is called the Identified Percentage (IP).
For the 2015-2016 school year the identified student percentage that was used to calculate eligibility
under this provision is in the table below. With a total Identified Percentage of 60.5% for each,
Willamina School District and those elementary schools in McMinnville School District's Group 1
nearly qualified for full reimbursement by the federal government under the CEP. This program doesn't
directly serve Head Start children but it is likely that school age siblings of eligible Head Start children,
former Head Start children, and future school age children who are in Head Start now will benefit from
free lunches.
School District
McMinnville School District
Columbus Elementary
Sue Buel Elementary
Grandhaven Elementary
Newby Elementary
Memorial Elementary
Wascher Elementary
Willamina School District
Willamina Yamhill Willamina Elem.
Yamhill-Carlton School District
Yamhill Carlton Elementary School
34
Identified
Percentage
53.6%
71.4%
55.2%
62.7%
38.7%
49.7%
67.1%
46.7%
School District
Dayton School District
Dayton Grade School
Dayton Jr High
Identified
Percentage
45.7%
41.4%
Newberg School District
Edwards Elem
Joan Austin Elem
Springbrook Ed Center
64.2%
40.2%
51.5%
Sheridan School District
Faulconer -Chapman Schoo
Sheridan High School
60.8%
38.1%
WIC
Salud WIC serves income eligible 0-5 year olds and pregnant women in Yamhill County and
neighboring Marion County. The program's services include supplemental foods, health care referrals,
and nutrition education for low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, and non-breastfeeding postpartum
women, and to infants and children up to age five who are found to be at nutritional risk. According to
data received from Salud WIC, the caseload for their McMinnville and Newberg offices has decreased
by 7% overall. The drop in their caseload includes a drop in the number of children and pregnant
mothers who are below the poverty level.
Poverty
Level
% Change in population
served
0-50%
51-100%
100-150%
151-185%
>185%
16% decrease
15% decrease
16% decrease
6% decrease
32% increase
% of total
clients
2013
2015
25%
23%
22%
20%
26%
24%
12%
12%
15%
21%
In an interview, a WIC Supervisor cited the following possible reasons for the decline in their caseload:

An increase in families qualifying for the Oregon Health Plan, Oregon's state Medicaid program
which has experienced increased enrollment due to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care
Act of 2010, which was fully phased in by January 2014.

An improving economy (see the section in this report entitled Economy of Yamhill County)

Declining birth rates (see the section in this report entitled Demographics of Head Start Eligible
Children.)
Despite this decrease, the number of high risk appointments has increased over the past few years, from
1,185 in 2013 to 1,306 in 2015. Examples of high risk appointments include clients who have low
hemoglobin, diabetes of any type, high body mass index, clients who are underweight or have slow
weight gain and clients who have other diagnosed medical conditions.
35
Education, Health, Nutrition and Social Service Needs of
Families as defined by Head Start families
The needs of Head Start families as expressed by those families can be found from both internal data,
such as the parent survey, and from community partners and other service providers who serve a high
number of Head Start families. Nearly all community partners interviewed have expressed that the low
income families they serve have reported a high need for assistance with the physical and economic
requirements of survival: financial stress, utilities payments, affordable housing, rent payments, and
unemployment. These same needs are also reflected in Head Start of Yamhill County's parent survey, in
contact notes and conversations with parents and Policy Council members in meetings and focus
groups.
Illustration
Finance and Employment
Finances and Employment concerns make up two of the top three stressors for Head Start families in
Yamhill County. Finances in particular was cited by 57% (59 total) of respondents making it the top
36
stressor among Head Start families in Yamhill County. Marital/Personal, the second highest reported
stressor among families, was less than half of Finances, at 26% (27 total.) In parent meetings and focus
groups families have expressed a need for assistance with financial literacy and computer literacy.
Economic factors that likely contribute to these stressors have been covered in depth in the Economic
portion of this report and include:

A declining median family income in Yamhill County; a 7.6% decline over 5 years.

A high 2014 poverty rate for young families: 23.1% for Yamhill County. The same poverty rate
for the state of Oregon is 21.3% and the United States as a whole is at 18.6%.

Changes in private sector employment over the past 10 years.
Housing
The 4th highest stressor identified in the parent survey was housing. Conversations with program staff,
parents and Policy Council members also reflect this trend. The need for affordable housing in Yamhill
County are also reflected in the 211info.org data. Almost one third of 211info.org calls from the public
were requests for housing related services, which includes assistance with rent or rent deposit, shelter
and referral to subsidized housing agencies and programs. Also, median rent and the percentage of
households that are rent overburdened have increased over the past 5 years in Yamhill County, going
from 49.6% in 2010 to 52.8% in 2014. Community partners and other social service providers have
also reported that their clients have expressed difficulty in finding affordable housing in Yamhill
County.
Health
Head Start of Yamhill County's parent survey asks about a number of family stress factors related to
Health. These include:

Dental, Mental Health, Medical, Disabilities, Dental: Initial Screening, Medical: getting followup, Dental: getting follow up, and Medical: initial screening.
These health related categories have scored in the bottom half of all family stressors for the 2013-2014
and 2014-2015 school years. For 2015 dental scored 9th (12% of respondents) on the list of top stressors
while mental health and disabilities tied for 10th (11% of respondents). In 2014 disabilities and mental
health tied for 8th (8% of respondents) on the list of top stressors with medical and dental screenings
coming in last place. These categories should not be ignored, but developments over the past few years
which may lead to health being less of a stressor include the integration of health services under
YCCO, the founding of the Early Learning Hub and the expansion of Medicaid and subsidies to low
income families for health insurance under the Affordable Care Act. Calls fielded by 211info.org also
reflect this trend, with health related calls at 7.65% of all calls. This puts it in 4th place, well behind
37
food assistance related calls at 17%, affordable housing/shelter related calls at 32.7% and utilities
payment assistance calls at 36.2%. In contract, Salud WIC reports an increase in high risk appointments
with their clients from 2013 to 2015.
Nutrition
Nutrition and access to food was notably absent from Head Start of Yamhill County's survey of biggest
stressors. Though it wasn't one of the multiple choice options, it also did not come up as a write-in
stressor for families. However, nutrition is a significant topic of interest for Head Start families as
indicated under the Trainings/Activities portion of the parent survey. 43% of respondents (48 total)
indicated they had attended nutrition/food preparation trainings or classes, making it the second highest
category just behind CPR/First Aid classes at 44% (49 total). The 2014 survey also found that 36% of
responding parents were “very interested” in nutrition/food preparation classes, second only behind
CPR/first aid classes.
Education
Education and Education for Adult combined for 24 responses as top family stressors with 13% and
12% of respondents respectively. Completion of the General Educational Development (GED) tests are
an increasing concern to parents, who have expressed a need for assistance at parent meetings. Head
Start of Yamhill County assisted 22 families in attaining high school equivalence through the GED in
the 2012-2013 school year and 7 families in 2013-2014. Since then have been increased concerns and
barriers for Head Start families because of increased cost, computerization of the tests, and a rising
difficulty level of the tests.
38
Discussion & Conclusions
During March 2016, HSYC provided HS services for 427 participants prenatally to five years of age,
including 53 children with disabilities. The estimated eligible number of HS children for the same
period, generated by the author of this report, was 557. The gap or difference between these counts,
130, is the estimated eligible number of children not being served. The estimated eligible number of
EHS children for 2014 was 839. HSYC has a funded enrollment for Early Head Start of 77, meaning
about 760 eligible infants and toddlers are not being served every year.
This data suggests HSYC should strive to increase its resources to be able to meet the needs of the most
vulnerable children and families in the county. If EHS or HS expansion funds become available,
HSYC would be in an ideal position to recruit and select new families. The program is well established
and respected in the community and has previously expanded capacity to serve children in
McMinnville through the remodel of that center, doubling its size, and, more recently: completing a
federal conversion of slots and participation in MIECHV programming through the Oregon Health
Authority to double EHS capacity.
HSYC works cooperatively with its partners in the community, and as a leader in convening other early
learning, social service, and business providers for the purpose of collective impact to address childand family well-being. Continuing to partner with these agencies in a community leadership capacity to
ensure all children and families receive appropriate services to be ready for school and life is the
highest recommendation of this report. The climate for this cooperative effort on the national, state, and
local level is ripe for funding and service provision particularly in the areas of health, education, and
self-sufficiency for citizens: an area of focus for Head Start programs for over 50 years.
What actions can HSYC take to support low income families in Yamhill County? This is a question
HSYC’s board, policy council and leaders will consider. In anticipation of their discussions, the author
of this report has three recommendations for HSYC’s board, policy council and leaders.
39
Directory of Community Resources
Yamhill Community Care Organization
Office:
807 NE Third Street
McMinnville, OR 97128
Mailing address:
P.O. Box 40328
Portland, OR 97240
Call Customer Service:
Toll Free: 1-855-722-8205
Yamhill County Health and Human Services
627 NE Evans St
McMinnville, OR 97128
http://hhs.co.yamhill.or.us/
Portland-metro area: 503-488-2800
TTY/TDD: 1-800-735-2900 or 7-1-1
Administrative Offices:
503-376-7420
E-mail:
[email protected]
Fax:
503-376-7436
Experiencing a crisis? Please call:
Weekdays, 8:30am-5pm: 503-434-7523
All Other Hours: 1-800-560-5535
Administration (503) 434-7523
Adult Behavioral Health (503) 434-7523
Chemical Dependency (503) 434-7527
Developmental Disabilities (503) 434-7460
Family and Youth (503) 434-7462
Public Health (503) 434-7525
Veterans Services (503) 434-7503
Willamette Education Services District
2611 Pringle Rd SE
Salem, OR 97302
(503) 588-5330
Dayton School District
780 Ferry St
Dayton, OR 97114
(503) 864-2215
WIC
412 NE Ford St
McMinnville, OR 97128
(503) 434-6740
WIC Clinic Location
Yamhill County WIC Clinic
435 NE Evans Street, Suite 210
McMinnville, Oregon 97128
503-434-6740
Willamina School District
1100 NE Oaken Hills Dr # A
Willamina, OR 97396
(503) 876-2545
McMinnville School District
1500 NE Baker St
McMinnville, OR 97128
(503) 565-4000
Sheridan School District
435 South Bridge St.
Sheridan, OR 97378
Phone: 971-261-6959
Fax: 503-843-3505
[email protected]
40
Newberg School District
714 E 6th St
Newberg, OR 97132
(503) 554-5000
Yamhill-Carlton School District
120 N Larch Pl
Yamhill, OR 97148
(503) 852-6980
Head Start of Grand Ronde
9605 Grand Ronde Rd
Grand Ronde, OR 97347
1-800-422-0232 ext. 2287
41
211info.org
DIAL 211 toll free
TEXT your zip code to 898211
EMAIL [email protected]
Web http://211info.org