Quiz No Notes
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1. What were two Beliefs that
Buddhism and Hinduism has in
common in classical India?
2. How did Liu Bang gain the trust of
his people?
3. What philosophy was used during
the Han Dynasty?
4. Give 1 invention of the Han Dynasty
and explain its importance.
5. Give two ways the Han Dynasty fell.
Objectives
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Terms: Nok
How African people were able to
adapt to their environments
Importance of Iron Tools
Think pair Share
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With a large continent such as Africa,
what can you assume about the
landscape?
A Land of Geographic Contrasts
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Geography of Africa
• Large continent, but coastline has few
ports, harbors, or inlets
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Challenging Environments
• Africa has many deserts, including huge
Sahara
• The southern edge of expanding Sahara
is called the Sahel.
• Rainforests are found near the central
part of the continent.
A Land of Geographic Contrasts
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Welcoming Lands
• Northern Coast and southern tip of
Africa have Mediterranean Climates
• Savannas, or grasslands cover most of
Africa
Early Humans Adapt to their
Environments
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Nomadic Lifestyle
• Earliest peoples are nomadic hunter-gatherers.
• Herders drive animals to find waters and graze
pastures.
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Transition to a Settled Lifestyle
• Agriculture probably develops by 6,000 B.C.
• As the Sahara dried up farmers move to West
Africa or Nile Valley.
• Agriculture allows permanent settlements and
governments to develop
Early Societies in Africa
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Societies organized by Family Groups
• Extended families made up several generations
• Families with common ancestors form groups known as
clans
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Local Religions
• Early religions usually include elements of animismbelief in spirits inhabiting objects
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Keeping a History
• Few African societies have written languages
• History, literature, culture passed on by story tellers
called griots.
• Cultures in West Africa are advanced long before
outsiders arrive.
West African Iron Age
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Learning about the past
• Artifacts reveal how people lived in the
past.
• Evidence of sub-Saharan cultures
producing iron around 500 B.C.
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Nok Culture
• Nok—West Africa’s earliest known
culture—made iron tools and weapons
West African Iron Age
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Djenne-Djeno
• From 600-200 B.C., cities began to
develop near rivers and oases
• Djenne-Djeno, Africa’s oldest known
city, was discovered in 1977.
• It was a bustling trade center that was
linked to other West African towns
through camel trade routes.
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