ATTRACTION O F LEAF ALCOHOL AND SOME ALIPHATICALCOHOLST OTHE ADUL T AND LAR VA O FTHEVEGETABLEWEEVIL STUDIESONTHEHOSTPLANTDETERMINATION OFTHELEAF-FEEDINGINSECTSV Y .お1ATSUMOTOandS .SUGIYAMA Leafa l c o h o l( β・ γ h e x e n o l ), a ss i m i l a ra sl e a faldehydeα (・ β h e x e n a l ), p o s s e s s - , i sani m p o r t a n tv o l a t i l ecompoundwhichi sp r e s e n t i n gaf r e s hgreenl e a fo d o r i nmanyt y p e sofgreenl e a v e s, h e r b s, andg r a s s e s( T a k e i, Sakato , Ono& Kuroiwa 1938, Guenther1 9 4 9 ) . N e v e r t h e l e s s, fewa t t e m p t shavebeenmadet ot e s tt h e a t t r a c t i o no ft h ecompoundt oi n s e c t s . Asf a ra si sknown, t h er e p o r t sbyWatanabe ( 1958,1 9 5 9 )t h a tt h el a r v a eo fsilkworm ( B o m 砂xm o r iL . ) andBom 紗x m a n d a r i n aB u t l e rwerea t t r a c t e dbyl e a fa l c o h o landl e a faldehydea r et h ef i r s t ando n l yl i t e r a t u r e sh i t h e r t oont h ea t t r a c t i o no ft h e s ecompounds. I no u rp r e v i o u sp a p e r s(Sugiyama& Matsumoto1957, 1 9 5 9a, b ), i twasshown t h a tt h enewly-hatchedl a r v a eo ft h ev e g e t a b l ew e e v i l( L i s t r o d e r e sc o s t i r o s t r i s o b l i 抑 , 制 K lug), whichhaveamanyo f t h e i rh o s tp l a n ti nC r u c i f e r a eandUmbellif e r a e , werea t t r a c t e dbymustardo i l sandu m b e l l i f e r o u se s s e n t i a lo i l sandt h e i r p r i n c i p a lc o n s t i t u e n t s . But, i nt a k i n gc o n s i d e r a t i o no ft h ef a c tt h a tt h ep r e s e n t w e e v i li sap o t e n c i a l l ypolyphagousi n s e c t, a t t a c k i n gmanyp l a n t so fmorethan about30f a m i l i e s , 1 5 0s p e c i e s( T a b l e1 ) ,i ti sq u i t ec o n c e i v a b l et h a tt h ew e e v i l l a n t so ft h ev e g e t a b l ew e e v i l Table1 . Foodp RJ ・ 'l ・ 且 ・ 且 ・ 且 司' C h e n o p 叫 i a c e a e4 R国 姐c e a e S c r o p h u l a r i a e c a e4 T r o 戸e o l a c e a e O x a l i d a c e a e 3 P i p e r a c e a e O e n o t h e r a c e a e 3 M a l v a c e a e G e r a n i a c e a e 2 P o r t u l a c a c e a e P l a n t a g i n a c e a e 2 A m a r a n t h a c e a e C o n v o l v u l a c e a e 2 V e r b e n a c e a e M o r a c e a e 2 P r i m u l a c e a e C u c u r b i t a c e a e 2 B o r r a g i n a c e a e T o t a l :34 f a m i l i e s ,165 p e c i e s ( O t h e r su n i d e n t i f i e d :8s p e c i e a ) 。,&'且・且・且・且 。 にJ 40300060600 a ' q 4 ・且 Co mp 倒 i t a e C r u c i f e r a e U m b e l l i f e r a e L a b i a t a e L e g u m i n o 岨e P o l y g o n a c e a e Car y o p h y l l a c e a e S o l a n a c e a e L i l i a c e a e C r a 個 u l a c e a e P o l e m o n i a c e a e P a p a v e r a c e a e V i o l a c e a e U r t i c a c e a e L o g a n i a c e a e . C a r i c a c e a e mightbea t t r a c t e dbyl e a fa l c o h o landl e a faldehydewhicha r ec o n s i d e r e da sa b a s i co d o ro fgreenp l a n t s . F o r t u n a t e l yt h esampleo fl e a fa l c o h o lwasg e n e r o u s l ys u p p l i e dbyP r o f e s s o r , andt h ea u t h o rhadt h eo p p o r t u n i t yt oexperimentona t t r a c t iv e n e s so ft h e Ono compoundt ot h eweevi l . Thispaperr e p o r t sont h ea t t r a c t i o no fl e a fa l c o h o l andsomeo t h e ra l i p h a t i ca l c o h o l st ot h ea d u l tandl a r v ao ft h eweevil . 3 6 0 B e r i c h t ed .OharaI n s t i t u t s [ B d .1 1, H t .3 MATERIALSANDMETHODS M a t e r i a l s .一 一 一 一 Twosamplesofleafalcohol, onee x t r a c t e dfroman a t u r a l s o u r c eandt h eo t h e rs y n t h e s i z e d( b p .1 5 7C,No20 1 .4 4 1 9 ),wereu s e df o rt h i s ,leafdiscof‘ K a r a s i n a '( B r ωz c a e x p e r i m e n t . I nt h ep r e l i m i n a r ye x p e r i m e n t s o i s s .:aj a p a n e s eformo fb l a c km u s t a r d )( lcmi nd i a m e t e r )andi t sj u i c e c e r n u aB ( 0 . 1 2 5 c c )andw a t e r( 0 .1 2 5 c c )weret a k e na st e s tm a t e r i a l s . Larvaeu s e dwereh a t c h e dw i t h i n2 4h o u r sp r i o rt ot e s tundert h ec o n d i t i o n s R.H.100%, andd a r k n e s s . o f2 5C, A d u l t swhichemergeda t2 0C undern o r m a l d a y l i g h tont h edayp r e c e d i n g wereh e l df o ra b o u t2 4h o u r sw i t ha c c e s st ow a t e r, b u tn o tt of o O O, i nt h e t e s t i n g, o d a r ka t2 0C . Thenfromo n et otwoh o u r sj u s tb e f o r et e s t, t h e yweret r a n s f e r r e dt od r i e dP e t r id i s h e si nt h el i g h ti no r d e rt oi n c r e a s et h e i ra c t i v i t y . T e s t i n gm e t h o d1 0 ra d u l t .一一一 Thea d u l t so ft h ev e g e t a b l ew e e v i lhavea s t r o n gt h i g m o t a c t i cb e h a v i o r , i . e ., whent h ea d u l t sa r es e tf r e ei nany k i n do f c o n t a i n e r , t h e ywalka l o n gt h ec o r n e rl i n eo ft h ec o n t a i n e rw i t h o u tf a i l . By , t h ea u t h o rd e v i c e dt h ef o l l o w i n gs i m p l emethmakinggoodu s eo ft h i sb e h a v i o r 00s u i t a b l ef o re x a m i n a t i o no fa t t r a c t i o n . Twowatchg l a s s e s( 6o r9cmi nd i a , makingas h a p eo fc o n v e x l e n s .T h i sc o n v e x l e n s m e t e r )werejointedωgether t y p ec o n t a i n e rwasp l a c e dh o r i z o n t a l l y, 40cmr i g h tunderaf 1 u o r e s c e n tl a m p . ,apieceoff i l t e rp a p e r( 2x2cm) wasp l a c e dand Att h ec e n t e ro ft h ec o n t a i n e r addedbyas m a l lamounto ft e s tsamplew i t ham i c r o p i p e t t e . Ass o o na so n e ,i tbeganc i r c u l a rmovement by i t ss t r o n g a d u l twasr e l e a s e di nt h i sc o n t a i n e r t h i g m o t a x i sa l o n gt h ec o n t a c tl i n eo fupperandl o w e rwatchg l a s s e s . A f t e ra s h o r tt i m e, t h ea d u l ta t t a c k e dt h ep i e c eo ft h ef i l t e rp a p e r . T h i sa t t a c k i n gbe ・ h a v i o rwaso b s e r v e df o r6 o r9m i n u t e s, andt h et i m en e c e s 回 r yf o ra r r i v a lo f a d u l ta tt h ep i e c eo ff i l t e rp a p e rwasr e c o r d e da sr e s p o n d i n gt i m ew i t ha s t o p o w a t c h . A l loft e s t swereruna t20C . Th er e a s o nwhyt h ewatchg l a s swasu s e da st h ec o n t a i n e ri np l a c eo ft h e commonP e t r id i s hi st h a tt h ea d u l t sf a l lont h e i rbackf r e q u e n t l yfromt h eg l a s s whicht h e yc l i m bupbyt h e i rmarkedg e o t a x i sandp h o t o t a x i s ,i ft h e ya r e w a l l, s e tf r e ei nt h eP e t r id i s h . T h e i rc l i m b i n gi sc h e c k e dbyc o a t i n gt h eg l a s sw a l l b u ti nt h ep r e s e n te x p e r i m e n ti ti sn o tv e r ys a t i s f a c t o r yt o w i t hl i q u i dp a r a伍 n, u s es u c hc h e m i c a ls u b s t a n c e . T h i ss i m p l emethOOmayb eu s e f u lt oo l f a c t i o nt e s to fo t h e rg r e s s o r i a li n s e c t s s u c ha sc 配 k r o a c h , c r i c k e t, c u c u r b i tl e a fb e e t l e,p e a c h o fmediumo rl a r g es i z e, , ande t c ., whent h es i z eo fwatchg l a s si ssuit~d t o< ; v e r yi n s e c t . c u r c u l i o T e s t i n gm e t h o d1 0 rl a r v a .一一一 Ameth 吋 s i m i l a rt ot h a tu s e di nt h ee x p e r i mentsona t t r a c t i o no fmustardo i l sandu m b e l l i f e r o u se s s e n t i a lo i l s(Sugiyama& Matsumoto1 9 5 7,1 9 5 9a, b ) wasa d o p t e d . Fours m a l lg l a s st u b e s( 0 . 4x3cm) werep l a c e dc r o s s w i s eandf i x e dw i t hc e l l o p h a n et a p ei naP e t r id i s h( 2x9cm), t h emouthso fwhichweref a c e dt ot h ec e n t e ro fd i s h . , Att h ebottomo fe a c ht u b ewasp l a c e dasm . a l lp i e c eo fa b s o r b e n tc o t t o nw∞1 0 0 0 1 % 0 ) Y.MATSUYOTOa n dS.SUGIYAMA:A t t r a c t i o no f1 e a fa l c o h o 1 361 t owhicha s m a l lq u a n t i t yoft e s ts a m p l e swasaddedt ot h ee x p e r i m e n t a ltwo t u b e s , f a c i n geacho t h e r ,andnotaddedtotheothertwo,whichwereusedω c o n t r o l s . T h i r t yl a r v a eweret r a n s f e r r e dwitham o i s t e n e ds a b l ebrushonas m a l ld i s c ofm o i s t e n e df i l t e rpaper( O . 5 c mi nd i a m e t e r )a tt h ec e n t e rofd i s h . At i g h t l y f i t t i n gd i s coff i l t e rpaper( llcmi nd i a m e t e r )wasp l a c e di nt h el i dofd i s ht oa i d i np r e v e n t i n gt h el a r v a efrome s c a p i n g . Fiver e p l i c a t eP e t r id i s h e sweres e tup 祖p l a c e da t250 i nd a r k n e s s . The numberofl a r v a e i n eachexperimentan whiche n t e r e di n t ot u b e swascounteda ti n t e r v a l so foneh o u r . Thiss i m p l emethodwaso r i g i n a t e dbyMunakata , S a i t o , Ogawa& l h i i( 1954, 1 9 5 9 ), whoworked ont h ei s o l a t i o nofa t t r a c t i v es u b s t a n c eoft h er i c estemb o r e r . 0 RESULTS Th et y p i c a lr e s p o n d i n gb e h a v i o rofa d u l t si so u t l i n e da sf o l l o w s :t h ea d u l t s b e g i nc i r c u l a rmovementsj u s ta f t e rt h es e t t i n gofthemi nt h ec o n t a i n e r ,asdes c r i b e db e f o r e . Whenanodors u b s t a n c ee x i s t st h e r e, a f t e ras h o r ttimet h ea d u l t s s t o pt h e i rwalkingf o ramoment , .A t t r a c t i v e n e s so fl e a fd i s c, e x t e n d i n gandh o l d i n gupt h e i r' a n - Table2 l e a f j u i c e o f B r a s s i c a c e r n u a t e n n a e ,inatensemanner. Then B o i s s . a n d w a t e r t o a d u l t s t h e ys l o w l yt u r nt h e i rheadtowards , andwalkt ot h a t , I n s e c t t h eodors u b s t a n c e R.elpondi~L!並区竺2 wavingt h e i rantennaeupanddown. No ・ L e a f d i s c L e a f j u i 四 W a t e r Whent h e ycomen e a rt e s tm a t e r i a l , 2 3 3 4 N o tr e s p o n d 2 2 5 5 11 theyt r yt op r i c kagainandagain 3 2 6 1 1 2 ∞ t h eg l a s ss u r f a c ewitht h et o p so f 4 8 5 1 1 5 7 antennaewhicha r ebendeddown5 6 9 6 0 1 1 wardsa tt h ep e d i c e l s . Att h e回 me 7 5 6 3 2 5 7 9 timet h ehead i s lowered,and i n 1 5 0 N 7 o tt e s p o n d 9 2 somec a s e st h emandiblemovements 8 11 6 1 3 4 a r ef a i r l yo b s e r v e d . F i n a l l yt h e y 9 1 1 6 4 1 0 r e a c ht ot e s tsampleanda t t a c ki t . 11 1 0 N o tr e s p o n d 2 5 1 1 Thel e a fd i s candl e a fj u i c eof 1 2 0 72 1 1 1 2 9 2 50 11 ‘ K a r a s i n a '( B a r a s s i c ac e r n u a )usedi n 1 3 40 7 4 1 1 t h ep r e l i m i n a r y experiment were 1 4 2 1 3 2 5 6 5 a t t a c k e dbya d u l t ,but waterwas o tr e s p o n d 1 5 7 8 6 2 N s c a r c e l y ,asshowninTable2 .I n 1 1 1 4 6 2 6 1 6 t h e s ep r e l i m i n a t ye x p e r i m e n t s ,the 11 o tr e s p o n d 8 1 1 7 N t e s t swerec l o s e da tt h ef i r s ta t t a c k 11 6 1 1 8 1 0 9 o fa d u l t s . Fromt h e s er e s u l t s , i ti s 1 1 1 9 1 1 6 0 q u i t ea p p a r e n tt h a tt h ea d u l ti sa b l e 1 1 1 3 0 2 0 56 t od i s c r i m i n a t e between t h eo d o r W a t c hg l a s ss i z eo ft h ec o n t a i n e r :6cmi nd i a m e t e r andt h ewaterwhichemanatefrom R e c o r d i n gp e r i o d :6m i n u t e s 362 ( B d .1 1, H t .3 Be r i c h t ed .OharaI n s t i t u t s t e s tm a t e r i a l s . But ,i ft h ea d u l t swereh e l df o rmanyd a y sw i t h o u tw a t e r , t h e y 回 r e s u l t sw i l lappeare l s e w h e r e ) . camet oa t t a c kw a t e r( d e t a i l so ft h e s Th er e s u l t so fe x p e r i m e n t sons y n t h e s i z e dl e a fa l c o h o la t t r a c t i o nf o ra d u l t s .S i m i l a rr e s u l t swereo b andn e w l y h a t c h e dl a r v a ewereshowni nTable3& 4 t a i n e dw i t hl e a fa l c o h o le x t r a c t e dfromn a t u r a ls o u r c e . Leafa l c o h o lwasf o u n d Table3 .A t t r a c t i v e n e s so fl e a fa l c o h o l ( s y n t h e s i z e d )t oa d u l t s l n 田c t Respondingtime恨の No. Watchg l a s ss i z eoft h ec o n t a i n e r :6cm i n d i a m e t e r Recordingp e r i 吋 :9m inutes Th eabover e s u l t swereo b t a i n e dw h i l e3 1 a d u l t swereexperiment e d . 1 2 1 1 4 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 7 1 1 9 1 7 1 1 m 4 臼4 回4 255 4 1 0 1 い一 一切4 7 8 272 330 4 D i s hNo. 3 0 5-1 l0 l4 l0 5 0 5 ﹄ 111 一川朋揃削 甥四別叩 nudnunUAununuAMvnu 町 ∞ m刊 a の 。3 R J mmMm m 別犯 。 “ 筑 ) ( ) 一8 2 7 2 8 2 8 2 2 Time ( h r ) 日制 123456789ω 2 1 0 3 2 5 1 5 0 240 270 405 8 3 Table4 .A t t r a c t i v e n e s so fl e a f a l c o h o l( s y n t h e s i z e d )t o n e w l y h a t c h e dl a r v a e H:Leafa l c o h o l, aboutO . α ) ( ) 5 c c n t r o l C:Co Numberoft o t a ll a r v a eu s e d :30x5 25・ C, d a r k n e s s t obea t t r a c t i v et ob o t ha d u l tandl a r v a , a l t h o u g ht h ed e t e r m i n a t i o n so foptimum o m p l e t e d . d o s a g eo ft h ecompoundweren~t c Th ea d u l t s , whichr e a c h e dt ot h e白l t e rp a p e rp i e c ei ns u c hamannera sabove , advancedf u r t h e rt ot h ec e n t e roft h ep a p e ra twhichl e a fa l c o h o l m e n t i o n e d ,andfrequentlyb i tt h es u r f a c eoft h epaper , e s p e c i a l l ya tt h e wasaddedi ns p o t Table5 .A t t r a c t i v e n e s so f回 mea l i p h a t i c a l c o h o l st on e w l y h a t c h e dl a r v a e n B u t y la l c o h o l n-Amyl 11 時 A myl i " n-Hexyl 11 n-Heptyl /1 n心 c t y l " か. P h e n y l e t h y l 11 C.HgOH CSHllOH (CH3)zCHCHzCHzOH , C HI3O H Cr H1 sO H C.H1TO H cHsCHzCHzOH , 75:1 1 83: 9 7 63:1 59:2 0 61: 7 27: 7 82: 7 Dosageofa l c o h o l :O . α ) ( ) 2 -O . α ) ( ) 5 c c . 2 5 ・ C, d a r k n e s s Numberofl a r v a eu s e d :30x5 c e n t e r , w i t ht h e i rm a n d i b l e si ne x c i t e dm a n n e r . Asan a t u r a lr e s u l to ft h a tt h e ,they a d u l t sc o u l dn o tconsumet h ep a p e rb e c a u s eo ft h et o u g h n e s so ft h ef i b e r s I 製 副 日 〕 3 6 3 Y.MATSUMOTOandS.SUGIYAKA :A t t r a c t i o no fl e a fa l c o h o l , however , t h a tt h ea t t a c k i n g l e f tt h ep a p e ra f t e ras h o r tt i m e . I ti sofi n t e r e s t wasr e p e a t e dmanyt i m e sd u r i n gt h er e c o r d i n gp e r i o da sshowni nTable3 .T h i s r e p e t i t i o no fa t t a c k i n gmaybeduet ot h a tt h eo d o rg r a d i e n t swhichwerea p p r e c i a t e dbya d u l t swerek e p tf o rac o n s i d e r a b l et i m ei nt h ee x p e r i m e n t a lc o n t a i n e r . I ft h ec o n c e n t r a t i o no fo d o rwast o omuchh i g h ,theadultsturnedbackonthe wayo fa t t a c k i n go rc l e a n e dt h ea n t e n n a ew i t ht h ef o r el e g s . , wh i c ha r ec o n s i d e r e da scommoni nt h en a t u r a l Someo t h e ra l i p h a t i ca l c o h o l s w o r l d , weret e s t e df o rl a r v a e . A l lo ft h o s et e s t e dwerefoundt obea t t r a c t i v e ( T a b l e5 ), a l t h o u g ht h ed e t e r m i n a t i o n so foptimumd o s a g ef o ra t t r a c t i o nandt h e c o m p a r i 回 n so fe f f e c t i v e n e s sweren o tw o r k e d . DISCUSSION Ash a sa l r e a d ybeens t a t e d , l e a fa l c o h o ln o to n l ya t t r a c t st h ea d u l t ,buta l s o c a u s e si tt od i s p l a yb i t i n ga c t i o ni ne x c i t e dmanner. T h i sb i t i n go b s e r v e dwas ana c t i o nwhichwash e l dc o n t i n u o u s l yf o rac o n s i d e r a b l et i m e ,butwasnotan l . I ts e e m st ob ea d v i s a b l et h a tt h ep r e s e n tb i t i n gb e l o n g st oc o n a c t i o nont r i a a t h e rt h a nb i t i n gr e s t o n s ewhichwere0πer 吋 b yD e t h i e r( 19 5 3 ) . t i n u e df e e d i n gr Th e r e f o r ei tcanbec o n c l u d e dt h a tt h ec h e m i c a ls t i m u l u so fl e a fa l c o h o lp l a y s ani m p o r t a n tp a r to fh o s td e t e r m i n a t i o ni nt h ea d u l to ft h ep r e s e n tweevil .T h i s c o n c l u s i o nmayb ea d o p t e dt ∞ intheωseofthelarva, a l t h o u g ht h eo b s e r v a t i o n o fl a r v a lb i t i n ga c t i o nh a sn o ty e tbeenc o m p l e t e d . I ng e n e r a lt h ef e e d i n gofi n s e c ti si n d u c e dbyp h a g o s t i m u l a n toft h eg u s t a t o r yt y p e , i n c l u d i n ge i t h e rs e c o n d a r ys u b s t a n c e so rn u t r i e n t s , w h i l et h ei f df i n d i n gi st a k e nbyo d o r i f e r o u sa t t r a c t i v es u b s t a n c e s . Withsomes p e c i e s ,however, t h eo d o r sa t t r a c t i n gi n s e c t sa l s oi n d u c et h ei f 停d i n S( D e t h i e r1953, T h o r s t e i n s o n 1 9 5 5 ) . F ori n s t a n c e ,Dethier( 19 4 1 )o b s e r v e dt h a tu m b e l l i f e r o u se s s e n t i a lo i l s andt h e i rmainc o n s t i t u e n t sn o to n l ya t t r a c t e dt h el a r v a eo fP a p i l i oa j a x ,buta l s o s t i m u l a t e dt h e i rf e e d i n g . TheC o l o r a d op o t a t ob e e t l ewasi n d u c e dt of e e d i n g bya c e t a l d e h y d e( H e s s e& Meier1 9 5 0 ), andt h ef e e d i n gr e s p o n s eo ft h ediamond backmotht od i e t sc o n t a i n i n gs i n i g r i nandn u t r i e n t swaspromptedbya d d i n ga l i t t l emusta 吋 o i l( T h o r s t e i n s o n1 9 5 3 ) . Thes t i m u l a t i o n ,whichindicatesboth a t t r a c t i o nandf e e d i n gi n d u c t i o n ,ofleafalcoholi sar e n e w a lo fexampleo ft h e i dandf e e d d u a le f f e c to fo d o r i f e r o u ss u b s t a n c e sp l a y i n gr o l e so fo r i e n t a t i o nt of i n g . Watanabe ( 1958, 1 9 5 9 )r e p o r t e dt h ea t t r a c t i o no fl e a fa l c o h o l ,together w i t hl e a fa l d e h y d e , t ot h el a r v a eo fs i l k w o r mandBo m' r y xm a n d a r i n a , b u twhether t h ef e e d i n gs t i m u l a t i o nf o l l o w e do rn o twasn o ts t u d i e d . Leafa l c o h o li sw i d e l yd i s t r i b u t e di nmanyt y p e so fg r e e np l a n t s . Hence, we candrawaf u r t h e rc o n c l u s i o nt h a tt h epolyphagyo ft h ev e g e t a b l ew e e v i lmay , a l t h o u g hi th a s bep a r t i a l l yduet ot h ee x i s t e n c eo fl e a fa l c o h o li ng r e e np l a n t s n o ty e tb : ! e np r e c i s ewhethera l lt h eg r e e np l a n t sa l w a y sc o n t a i nl e a fa l c o h o land .( 1938),l e a fa l c o h o li smuch l e a fa l d e h y d eo rn o t . A c c o r d i n gt oTakeie tal p r e s e n te s p e c i a l l yi nyoungl e a v e s . T h i smayb esomewhatc o n n e c t e dw i t ht h e ∞ ∞ 蜘 364 Ber i c h t ed .OharaI n t t i t u t s ( B d .1 1, H t .3 f a c tt h a tt h el a r v a ea r emostf o u n di nt h ecrownp a r t so fv e g e t a b l ep l a n t s . Morea t t e n t i o ns h o u l db ep a i dt ol e a fa l c o h o landl e a fa l d e h y d ei nt h es t u d yo f c h e m o t a c t i cr e s p o n s eo fg r e e n l e a ff e e d i n gi n s e c t . Thee x p e r i m e n t sona t t r a c t i o nandf e e d i n gs t i m u l a t i o no fm u s t a r do i l sand , whichhada l r e a d ybeenf o u n dt ob ea t t r a c o t h e rv o l a t i l ecompoundsf o ra d u l t s t i v ef o rt h el a r v a eo fv e g e t a b l ew e e v i l , a r enowunderway. Th er e l a t i o nbetweent h ea t t r a c t i o no fsomeo t h e ra l i p h a t i ca l c o h o l sandt h e , b u t , i ti so fi n t e r e s tt h a t h o s td e t e r m i n a t i o no ft h ew e e v i lwasn o td i s c u s s e dh e r e e x a n o lp o s s e s s e sano d o rs i m i l a rt ol e a fa l c o h o li nhumans e n s e . n・h SUMMARY Leafa l c o h o li sani m p o r t a n tv o l a t i l ecompound , a ss i m i l a ra sl e a fa l d e h y e , o f wideb o t a n i c a ld i s t r i b u t i o n . I nviewo ft h ef a c tt h a tt h ev e g e t a b l ew e e v i li sa , a t t a c k i n gmanyp l a n t so fmoret h a na b o u t30 f a m i l i e s ,the p o l y p h a g o u si n s e c t e x p e r i m e n t sona t t r a c t i o no fl e a fa l c o h o lwerec a r r i e do u t . As i m p l emethodd e v i c e dbyt h ea u t h o rwasu s e df o ra d u l te x p e r i m e n t . Thecompoundwasfound t ob ea t t r a c t i v et ob o t ha d u l t sandn e w l y h a t c h e dl a r v a e . I na d d i t i o nt ot h ea t , t h ef e e d i n gs t i m u l a t i o nf o ra d u l twaso b s e r v e d . Fromt h e s er e s u l t s ,i t t r a c t i o n canb ec o n c l u d e dt h a tt h ec h e m o t a c t i cr e s p o n s e st ol e a fa l c o h o lmightp l a ysome l . Moren o t i c e r o l e so fh o s tf i n d i n gandh o s ta c c e p t a n c ei nt h ev e g e t a b l eweevi s h o u l db et a k e no fl e a fa l c o h o la sw e l la sl e a fa l d e h y d ei nt h es t u d yo fh o s td e , e s p e G i a l l yp o l y p h a g o u si n s e c t . t e r m i n a t i o no fphytophagous Someo t h e ra l i p h a t i ca l c o h o l swerea l s of o u n dt obea t t r a c t i v et ol a r v a e . Acknowledgments: Thea u t h o r swisht oexpre 田 t h e i rs i n c e r eg r a t i t u d et oP r o f e s s o rM.Onoof n i v e r s i t y,f o rl e a fa l c o h o ls u p p l i e d . Thanksa r ea l s o t h eI n s t i t u t ef o rChemicalResearch,KyotoU l . dueP r o f e s s o rJ .Ozawawhodrewt h ea u t h o r s 'a t t e n t i o nt ol e a fa l c o h o LITERA TURES Dt : t h i e r, V.G.1 9 41 . Chemicalf a c t o r sdeterminingc h o i c eoff ∞ ,d plantsbyP. a 戸l i ol a r v a e .Amer. l t u r a l i s t7 5 :6ト7 3 . NI , V.G. 1 9 5 3 . Hostp l a n tp e r c e p t i o ni nphytophagousi n s e c t s .T r a n s . IXthI n t.Co ngre 掴 D e t h i e r Ent. , Amsterdam." vo l .2 :8ト . Guenther, E .1 9 4 9 . Thee s s e n t i a lo i l s .v o l 2 . D.vanNostrandC o .NewYork. 田町 G .&Meier , R. 1 9 5 0 . ubere i n e nS t o f f , derb e id e rFutterwahld e sK a r t o f f e l k a f e r se i n eR o l l e He s p i e l t . Angew. Chem. 6 2 :502-反 l 6 .( c i t e dbyT h o r s t e i n 田町 1 9 5 5 ) _ a k a t a , K.& Ishii~ S .1 9 5 4 .( ( ) nt h ea t t ! : a c t i v es u b s t a n c eoft h er i c estemb o r e r, )( i nJ a p a n e s e ) . M un 4 DR e s e a r c hGroupi nJa p a n .n o .3 :1 8 21 . TheProceedingoft h e2, Munakata, K., S a i t o , T., Og awa, S .& I s h i i, S .1 9 5 9 .Oryzanone , ana t t r a c t a n toft h er i c estemb o r e r . B u l l.Agr. Chem.Soc .Japan23 ( 1 ) :64 6 5 . , S . & Matsumoto;Y. 1 9 5 7 .O l f a c t o r yr e s p o n s e sofv e g e t a b l eweevillarvaet oa l l y l , pheSugiyama nkyu45 (1 ) :ふ 1 3 . n y lmustardo i l s .( i nJ a p a n e s e ) . Ndgaku区e S .& Matsumoto, Y.1 9 5 9 a .O l f a c t o r yrespon 開 s oft h ev e g e t a b l ew e e v i ll a r v a et ov a r i o u s Sugiyama, mustardo i l s .( i nJ a p a n e s e ) .i b i d . ( 3 ) :1 5 0 -1 5 7 . S .& Matsumoto , Y _ . 1~59b. Att~ctjveness ofumbelliferousplantstothevegetableweeSugiyama, .( i nJ a p a n e s e ) .i b i d .. 7( 12 ) :1 4 1・ 1 4 8 . v il S . Sa kato , Y.Ono , M. & Kuroiwa, Y. 1 9 3 8 . (L 伺 fa l c o h o l1 .Theb o t a n i c a ld i s t r i b u t i o nof Takei, l e a f a l c o h o l ) . (inJa " p a n e s e ) .Jour.A g r . Chem. S o c . Japan1 4 .( 6 ):7 伺ー7 1 6 . A.J .1 9 5 3 .Thec h e m o t a c t i cr e s p o n s e st h a tdetermineh倒 ts p e c i f i c i t yi nano l i g o p h a T h o r s t e i n s o n, 凶 i n s e c t( P l u tl l af1I8Cu l i t e n 即 ( C u r t . )Le p i d o p t e r a ) .Ca n .Jour.Z∞1 .3 1 :5 2 7 2 . go 釦 n , A.J . 1955、 T~e ~xper~rne~tal" ~tu<!y oft h ec h e m o t a c t i cb a s i sofh o s ts p e c i f i c i t yi n T h o r s t e i n . Ent. 87( 2 ) : 49 57. phytophagousi n s e c t s . Can , T._1 9 5 8 ._ S u b s t a n c e si nmulberryl e a v e swhicha t t r a c tsilkworml a r v a e( E o m b y xm o r i ) . Watanabe Nature1 8 2 :325 326 . Watanabe , T.S t u d i e sont h ev o l a t i l ecomponent8ofmulberryl e a v e s .(V)A t t r a c t i o no f β・7・he x e n o l osilkworml a r v a e .( i nJapanesewithE n g l i s hsumma r y ) .J o u r .Se r i .S c i .Japan anda・β・~~enal t 28( 1 ) :2 3 2 6 . “ ・ ,
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